BTEC - HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA

STUDENT ASSESSMENT SUBMISSION AND DECLARATION

When submitting evidence for assessment, each student must sign a declaration confirming that
the work is his or her own.

Student Name/Student ID:

SHERYAR

Unit/Module No and Name: UNIT 6: Managing a Successful Business Project(MBP-

Pearson set)

Assignment Name and number: Addressing Business Recovery through the Lens of
Healthcare Industry

Issue Date:

20–09-2022

Submission date:

15-12-2022

Submitted on:

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 Student Declaration

Student declaration

I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work. I confirm that all texts either quoted
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Student signature: Date: 5-12-2022

 TABLE OF CONTENTS
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 1) PROJECT INCIATION

1.1) BUSSINESS RECOVERY PLAN FOR HEALTH CARE

INDUSTRY AFTER COVID 19

1.1.1) INTRODCUTION

COVID-19 emerged as one of the biggest challenges for the health care sector. COVID-19
occurs as one of the disastrous viruses that pushes almost 6.56 million people into the wall
of death with reported 623 million total cases till date. COVID-19 kick start its journey from
China on the city of Wuhan on 31 December 2019 after the major setback the Health
Industry faces is the shortages of medical equipment’s and kits shortage of quality
equipment (PPE) and lack of coordination as the virus was unexpected and spreading
rapidly. The report will provide a brief analysis of the issues confronting Pakistan's
healthcare sector.

1.1.2) AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

 How to overcome the challenges faced by Pakistan healthcare industry
 Proposal of business recovery plan for the healthcare industry after COVID-19
 Working towards to strength the health care system for effective training sessions
and give them an exposure of modern technology

1.1.3) RESEARCH QUESTIONS

 How the Pakistan healthcare sector tackle the disastrous situation?
 How can the health care industry revive itself after COVID-19?
 How to take primitive measures to handle situations like COVID-19 in future?
 2) PROJECT PLANNING

2.1) WORK BREAK DOWN STRUCUTURE

A work breakdown structure is a tool for organizing and managing work in a systematic manner. It is
a hierarchical structure that takes a piecemeal approach to completing a project. It is a road map for
an individual or a team to keep track of its activities and complete them on time.

BUSSINESS
RECOVERY PLAN

PROJECT PROJECT PROJECT PROJECT

INICIATION PLANNING EXECUTION DELIVERY

Recommendations
Work
Title Breakdown
structure Literature Conclusion
Review
Introduction
Gant chart Self
Aims and Reflection
Objectives Research
Analysis of
Planning
Findings
Research and design
questions
 2.2) GANTT CHART
A Gantt chart is used in project management the chart is graphical representation of a
project schedule. A Gantt chart shows the projects elements, resources, planning with its
timeline.

TASK PROGRESS START END M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T

PROJECT INICIATION

Title 100% 10/3/22 10/4/22

Introduction 100% 10/4/22 10/6/22

Aims and Objectives 100% 10/6/22 10/10/22

Research questions 100% 10/10/22 10/15/22

PROJECT PLANNING

Work Breakdown Strucutre 100% 10/12/22 10/14/22

Gant chart 50% 10/14/22 10/19/22

Research planning and design 60% 10/19/22 10/22/22

PROJECT EXECUTION

Litreature Review 10/18/22 10/23/22

Analysis of Findings 10/24/22 10/28/22

PROJECT DELIVERY

Recommendations date date

Conclusions date date

self reflection date date

 2.3) RESEARCH PLANNING AND DESIGN
2.3.1) RESEARCH PHILOSPHY

Research philosophy deals with the source, nature and development of knowledge. The data about the
phenomenon should be gathered analyzed and used is a belief of research philosophy. The four main
research philosophies are as follows:

 Pragmatism.
 Positivism.
 Realism.
 Interpretivism (Interpretivist)

2.3.2) RESEARCH APPROACH

The plans and procedure from detail methods to broad assumptions of data collection,
analysis and interpretation is known to be research approach. The 3 types of research
approaches are mentioned below.

2.3.2.1) QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Qualitative research is collection and analyzation of non-numerical data for the
understanding of concepts opinions and experiences. It is used to understand the
experience of people in the world (Pritha Bhandari, 19 June 2020). The report consists of
qualitative research with analysis of different articles and reports conducted previously.

2.3.2.2) QUANTATIVE RESEARCH

Quantative research is phenomenon of collecting quantifiable, mathematical and
computational data it allows researchers to collect simple to extremely sophisticated
statically analyzes that aggregate the data.

2.3.2.3) MIXED METHOD RESEARCH

A mixed method research is combination of both qualitative and quantative as it
integrates the benefits of both methods. The method is used in behavioral, health
and social sciences especially in multidisciplinary and complex situation and societal
research.

3) PROJECT EXECUTION
3.1) LIREATURE REVIEW
A literature review is a comprehensive of previous research on a topic. Literature review
provides insight to the researcher/author and the audience with an image of existing
knowledge on the topic. The report conducted a “systematic review” that is focused on the
health care sector of Pakistan during COVID-19.

3.2) CHALLENGES FACED BY HEALTHCARE SECTOR OF

PAKISTAN
3.2.1) OPERATIONAL CHALLEGES
Pakistan is a densely populated country and requires a high level of medical facilities to
support its large population. This makes Pakistan's medical system unsatisfactory.
Compared to more developed countries, Pakistan is financially unstable and preventive
measures concerning the outbreak were not followed completely. This makes it difficult to
contain the outbreak. Pakistan healthcare sector experienced the following consequences in
terms of operational challenges:

3.2.1.1) LACK OF MEDICAL FACILITIES

3.2.1.1.1) TESTING FACILITIES

Pakistan is a poor country in term of economic conditions due to which the country suffers a
lot of problems the real challenge was budget allocation and infrastructure. 25% population
of the country lives below the daily wage. The first testing facility was inaugurated in
Islamabad at national institute of health and was followed by Sindh and Punjab. At the start
the country consists of overall 35 testing facilities which are as follows:

CITIES FIGURES

ISLAMABAD 01

KPK 07

PUNJAB 06

SINDH 04

BALOCHISTAN 10

GILGIT BALTISTAN 04
 AJK 04

3.2.1.1.2) SHORTAGE OF EQUIPMENTS

Face masks became expensive as the infection rate increased. Many of the drugs and
medical equipment that were required at that time were out of stock in medical centers and
pharmacy shops. Doctors become infected by their patients as a result of a lack of PPE kits.
In order to meet basic needs, healthcare resources are insufficient. To test the suspected
cases, the doctors faced a shortage of testing and screening kits. The allocation of financial
resources to the health care sector is the cause of the limited equipment. The state was
suffering from a lack of medical equipment as well as outdated personal infrastructure.

3.2.1.2) DOCTORS AND NURSES DEALING WITH ANXIETY AND

PRESSURES DURING COVID-19
COVID-19 causes stress and anxiety in doctors and nurses not only physically but also
socially, mentally, and economically.

One of the doctors stated that

"While looking up patients infected by the virus, he feels stress and growing fear, and his
fear of visiting patients has grown over time."

3.2.1.3) LACK OF AWARNESS

Due to a lack of public awareness, the government issued strategies and precautions
through news channels and newspapers to avoid public gatherings and maintain hand
washing and social distancing, but many people continue to be arrogant and refuse to obey
government rules. There had been a rush in the markets, and people were violating COVID-
19's preventive measures.

3.2.2) FINANCIAL CHALLENGES

In contrast to more developed nations, Pakistan has a weak healthcare system. There are
not enough facilities to meet the needs of the population. Daily testing was initially
insufficient, but as the infection rate rose, it became more effective. One of the main
concerns during the first and second waves of the pandemic was the provision of healthcare
for illnesses unrelated to COVID-19, including routine immunization and care for mothers
and children. Lockdowns and travel restrictions in various nations disrupted supply chains
caused a shortage of essential vaccines. Prior to the pandemic, labor costs accounted for
more than half of all hospital expenses. The pandemic had a seize able effect on hospital
staffing levels and related expenses. Due to burnout, stressful working conditions, and poor
pay, healthcare workers began to leave their jobs. Pakistan, which has 220 million residents
and a health infrastructure that only provides six hospital beds for every 10,000 people,
Pakistan spends only 2.9% of its GDP on healthcare. Due to a sharp increase in the number
of patients, hospitals were severely short on beds and ventilators.

3.2.3) CASE STUDY

A case study is a thorough, in-depth analysis of a specific case (or cases) in the context of the
real world. A case study can typically highlight almost any person, group, organization,
event, belief system, or course of action.

3.2.4) AGHA KHAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

The AKUH is a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. It was founded in 1985 and now has
over 750 beds with a variety of specialties, modern operating rooms, emergency rooms, and
critical and intensive care units. AKUH also operates over 15 medical centers across Pakistan
that offer urgent care as well as specialty clinics, in addition to over four secondary hospitals
spread across Hyderabad and Karachi. It offers 24-hour emergency services, outpatient
clinics, and an inpatient facility with a 65-bed general pediatric ward, a 24-bed neonatal
intensive care unit (NICU), and an eight-bed pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The report
discussed the financial and operational challenges faced by Agha khan Hospital

3.2.5) OPERATIONAL CHALLENGES

3.2.5.1) FEWER PATIENTS’ INTAKE
Public fear and anxiety are known to increase during widespread events like pandemics or
epidemics. People worried about getting the virus which may account for delays in seeking
treatment for acute or chronic conditions. The number of patients came to Agha Khan
Hospital were decreased as a result of this constant state of fear, as well as the self-
isolation, and national lockdown. In addition, AKUH serves as a tertiary referral hospital for
advanced management and diagnostic procedures. There were significantly fewer referrals
from other hospitals in Karachi and fewer patients from outside the city sought medical
attention. This was due to the closure of public transportation and strict travel restrictions
that followed the lock-down.

3.2.5.2) ANXIETY IN PATIENTS AND PARENTS

Due to the initial closure of outpatient clinics and elective procedures and the subsequent
scheduling of postponed surgeries, patients and parents were placed under an increased
psychological strain. Additionally, they were hesitant to seek treatment at the hospital,
especially when the same faculty is treating COVID-19 cases, due to their concern over the
risk that COVID-19 poses to their children while they visit hospitals and have surgery. 

3.2.5.3) LIMITED CAPACITY PATIENTS

Because of the Agha Khan Hospital's limited capacity and the rising number of COVID cases,
the delivery of routine surgical care was become more difficult. The surgery team cannot
accommodate the same number of patients as it could before the pandemic due to capacity
restrictions. Additionally, due to space restrictions in the CDTZ, children scheduled for
elective procedures must wait longer than other children who require emergency surgical
intervention or those who were screened or tested positive. As the government began to lift
the lockdown and the hospital resumed its regular operations, the space limitations grew
worse and presented more difficulties in the weeks that followed.

3.2.6) FINANCIAL CHALLENGES

3.2.6.1) ISSUES WITH HOSPITAL FINANCES
The majority of private hospitals rely on the income from their various clinical activities,
such as inpatient, outpatient, laboratory, and radiology services, among others, to support
their finances, and elective procedures and outpatient services make up a sizeable portion
of their overall revenue. AKUH is a nonprofit medical facility that gets the majority of its
funding from donations and clinical services. Undoubtedly, the hospital faced financial
difficulties as a result of the postponement of elective services like outpatient, inpatient,
laboratory, and radiology services as well as the decline in emergency services. In addition
to losing money, the hospital spends more to keep its ICU facilities strong. Invests in tele-
clinics, maintains adequate supply of PPE, and mobilize its workforce.

3.2.6.2) RISING COSTS FOR PATIENTS CARE

The development of a complex plan to deliver the best surgical care while ensuring the
safety of all patients and healthcare personnel has been the focus of numerous efforts. The
establishment of a separate COVID screening camp, the assessment of COVID ORs, the
increase in COVID testing capacity, the provision of necessary PPE, and investments in
telemedicine were all part of this plan. Additionally, pre- and post-operative regulations
were established for the entire hospital. In accordance with these regulations, a patient
must undergo screening and testing for COVID at the hospital before surgery. The cost of
the diagnostic tests, in addition to the additional costs incurred by the hospital staff to
follow COVID-specific protocols in the CDTZ and the ORs, resulted in a significant increase in
the overall cost, which was ultimately borne by the patient. Numerous parents
were deterred from seeking prompt medical attention for their children as a result of the
rising cost of healthcare and the ongoing economic downturn.

4) PROJECT DELIVERY

4.1) CONCLUSION

Pakistan is a country with a high population density and needs many medical facilities to
support its large population. Pakistan has faced many issues because of its poor economic
conditions. Budget allocation and infrastructure development posed the biggest challenges.
25% of the population of the nation makes less than the minimum wage. The National
Institute of Health in Islamabad hosted the first testing facility opening, which was followed
by Sindh and Punjab. In hospitals and pharmacy stores, many of the medicines and medical
supplies that were needed at the time were out of stock. There weren't enough testing and
screening kits available for the doctors to test the suspected cases. The lack of equipment is
a result of financial resources being directed toward the healthcare industry. Lack of medical
supplies and outdated public infrastructure plagued the state.  The government issued
strategies and precautions to avoid public gatherings, maintain hand washing, and maintain
social distance due to a lack of public awareness, but many people still had a smug attitude
and refuse to follow the law. People were breaking COVID-19's preventive measures
because of the rush in the markets. To meet the needs of the population, there were not
enough facilities. The provision of healthcare for illnesses unrelated to COVID-19, such as
routine immunization and care for mothers and children, was one of the main concerns
during the first and second waves of the pandemic. More than half of all hospital expenses
were made up of labor costs before the pandemic. Hospitals were severely short on beds
and ventilators as a result of a sharp increase in patients.

4.2) BUSSINESS RECOVERY PLAN

4.2.1) RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the literature review, here are a couple of recommendations for the organization
that has consulted us as a business consultant.

4.2.1.1) RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPLEMENTING FINANCIAL STABILITY

Since more people preferred shopping online, ecommerce has grown significantly over the
past five years and can be a source of increasing sales for organization that are having
financial difficulties. Working from home can spare the company money on extra expenses
like gas, electricity, and water. The company should lay off some employees or reduce their
pay. Strong supplier relationships can result in significant profit margins.

4.2.1.2) RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPLEMENTING OPERATIONAL STABILITY

The IT department should collaborate with managers to determine how much technology is
used to improve production levels. As more employees are on hold, online Zoom meetings
should be held. To increase the organization's sales, the marketing department should
increase advertising. Should have made strong connection with distributors for effective
supply chain of products. Should study competitor market how they making changes with
respect to COVID-19. 50 % work force should work from home so there might be less chance
of risk and smooth operations can be done.

4.2.1.3) EXECUTION PLAN

The company's execution plan is timed to revive business operations for quarterly financial
and operational standards.

QUARTER ACTIONS
Quarter 1  Training sessions for the work force

January-March  Zoom meetings implementation for the guidance

of work from home.
 Product development with respect to covid-19
Quarter 2  Establishment ecommerce stores

April-June  Strong contact with distributors for effective

supply chain of products essentials
Quarter 3  Digitally campaigned the product through

July-September Facebook ads YouTube ads google ads

 Marketing through influencers for target
audiences

Quarter 4  Partner with other organizations for strengthen

October- the value in the market

 More technological machineries be added to
November
reduce workforce and increase workflow.

4.2.1.4) TEAMS FOR PLAN IMPLEMENTATON

 For the plan's execution, various teams should be created, with each team completing its
relevant tasks for its respective department.

4.2.1.4.1) IT DEPARTEMENT:

The IT department is concerned with informing the managers about the use of technology,
how it can be improved, and how it can alter the way the organization's work is done.

4.2.1.4.2) HR DEPARTEMENT

The human resources department should focus on hiring tech-savvy employees and
educating current employees about the organization's evolving work practices.

4.2.1.4.3) FINANCE DEPARTEMENT

To prevent product shortages and budget allocation issues in technology, the finance
department needs to improve relations with suppliers and distributors.

4.2.1.4.4) MARKETING DEPARTEMENT

The marketing division should be responsible for conducting market research, product
development, and running social media campaign.

4.2.1.5) STAKEHOLDER PLAN

STAKE HOLDER TYPE REQUIRMENTS CONCERNS

IT MANAGER internal Implementation of technology for smooth Funds for implementation

work flow till quarter 2 of technology
Online zoom meetings for the work force

HR MANAGER Internal Proper staff training till quarter 3 For the recruitment of
Requirement of work force familiar with skilled workforce
technology

FINANCE Internal Budget allocation to meet the need for Budget allocation in every

MANAGEGR distribution of product and supply chain of department of

 products till quarter 2 organization
MARKETING Internal Product development changing and Product development and

MANAGER marketing campaigns till quarter 4 marketing budget

4.2.1.6) COMMUNICTION PLAN

STAKE HOLDER ENGAGEMENT PLATFORM FREQUENCY

ACTION
CEO Keep informed Face to face meetings Every three weeks

FINANCE Work closely Zoom meetings, face to Daily

MANAGER face meeting, WhatsApp

MARKETING Work closely MS teams Every 3 days

MANAGER
IT MANAGER Work closely Zoom meetings, face to Daily
face meeting, WhatsApp

HR MANAGER Work closely Face to face Every week

BIBILOGRAPHY

 Akram, H. and Aslam, S. (2020) SHORTAGE OF EQUIPMENTS, pdf. Available at:

https://think-asia.org/bitstream/handle/11540/11909/Challenges-to-health-edited-
hina-clean-version-final.pdf?sequence=1 (Accessed: November 28, 2022).
 DEFINITION OF LITERATURE REVIEW (2008) What is a literature review? - Literature
Review - LibGuides at Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania Library. Available at:
https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/c.php?g=318537&p=2127820.
 Literature review - Wikipedia (2014) Literature review - Wikipedia. Available at:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literature_review.
 Challenges for Pakistan in covid 19 (no date) Taylor Francis Online. Available at:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/2331205X.2021.1966179 (Accessed:
December 12, 2022).
 Khalid, A. and Ali, S. (2020) LACK OF MEDICAL FACILITIES, PubMed Central (PMC).
Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7424236/ (Accessed:
November 12, 2022).
 Khalid, A. and Ali, S. (2020) LACK OF AWARENESS, PubMed Central (PMC). Available
at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7424236/.
 Ali, I., Sadique, S. and Ali, S. (2021) Doctors Dealing With COVID-19 in Pakistan:
Experiences, Perceptions, Fear, and Responsibility, Frontiers. Available at:
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.647543/full.
 DEFINITION OF CASE STUDY (2021) Case study - Wikipedia. Available at:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Case_study.
 Qazi, S.H., Saleem, A., Pirzada, A.N., Hamid, L.-R., Dogar, S.A. and Das, J.K. (2020)
AGHA KHAN HOSPITAL CASE STUDY, SpringerLink. Available at:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00383-020-04721-0 (Accessed: December
6, 2022).
 Gantt Charting: Definition, Benefits, and How They’re Used (no date) Investopedia.
Available at: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/gantt-chart.asp (Accessed:
October 31, 2022).