Bostwick & Weber Medical Terminology 2E Chapter 6

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Chapter 6: Skin and Body Membranes

Overview
The skin and body membranes protects the body and helps regulate temperature, excretes waste,
and includes some of the body’s sensors. The skin has three basic layers—the epidermis, dermis,
and subcutaneous, each of which contain sublayers. It is the largest organ of the body.

Learning Outcomes
After completing this chapter, the student should be able to:
6.1 Recall the parts of the skin and body membranes and discuss the function of each part.
6.2 Identify the major word parts used in building words that relate to the skin and body
membranes.
6.3 Recall the common diagnoses, laboratory tests, and clinical procedures used in testing
and treating disorders of the skin and body membranes.
6.4 Define the major pathological conditions of the skin and body membranes.
6.5 Define surgical terms related to the skin and body membranes..
6.6 Recall common pharmacological agents used in treating disorders of the skin and body
membranes.

Lecture Outline
 Case Study (LO 6.1)
o Temperature regulation: The patient has a temperature of 101 F and begins to
sweat.
LO 6.1
 The skin and body membranes includes the skin or integument, the hair, the nails, the
sweat glands (also called the sudoriferous glands), and the oil-producing glands (also
called the sebaceous glands). This system covers and protects the body, helps regulate the
body’s temperature, excretes some of the body’s waste materials, and includes the body’s
sensors for pain and sensation.

LO 6.2
 Word roots and combining terms form medical terms. Medical terms are designed to
describe and provide consistency within health care.

LO 6.3
 Diagnostic, procedural, and laboratory findings assist the health care provider in
diagnosing medical conditions. Often used in combination, these tests lead to a final

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diagnosis and assist in treatment planning.

LO 6.4
 Pathological conditions of the skin and body membranes include lesions, diseases, and
cancers.

LO 6.5
 Surgery within the skin and body membranes includes repair of various conditons. It
may include sutures or staples to hold the skin together. Plastic surgery and skin grafting
are also different types of surgical procedures.

LO 6.6
 Treatment of skin disorders involves the use of various medications. A wide variety of
topical preparations can relieve symptoms and even kill agents that cause disease. Other
treatments involve heat, light, and radiation.

Lesson Plan

Time Activity and Materials Learning

Instruction Outcomes
Introduction 5 minutes Ask the students 5.1
what is the largest
organ of the body.

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Lecture 30 minutes
Structure and 6.1-6.2
Function Lecture outline
1. Discuss the three PPT slides
layers of skin
(epidermis, dermis or
corium, and
subcutaneous or
hypodermis).
Discuss the
sloughing off of dead
cells as new cells are
produced. Mention
keratin as present in
this layer and in
nails. Also discuss
melanocytes and
pigmentation. The
dermis has two
sublayers, the
papillary and the
reticular. Talk about
the role of collagen.

2. Hair grows out of

the epidermis.
Discuss the parts of
hair and the
conditions such as
alopecia. Nails have
a cuticle and a
lunula.

3. Identify and
discuss glands in the
skin and body
membrane system.

Labs and
Diagnostic Studies
1. Discuss tests and 6.3
procedures in text.
Identify the purpose
of each test.

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2. Emphasize the
importance of visual
examination of the
skin for early
detection of skin
cancer.

Pathological
Conditions 6.4
Divide the disease
discussion into
diseases which are
basically cosmetic,
those skin ailments
which are indicative
of another system’s
disorder and injuries
and diseases of the
skin that need
immediate treatment.

Surgical
Procedures 6.5
1. Include the major
surgical procedures
for the skin and body
membranes.
2. Discuss the
different types of
grafts and the
reasons. for and
types of biopsies.

Pharmacological
Terms
1. Give an overview
of the major classes
of drugs for the skin 6.6
and body
membranes.
2. Discuss the
purposes of each
class of drugs.

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Active Learning 10 minutes Any activity below

and Practice
Review 5 minutes Review terminology 6.1-6.6
Assignment Complete questions 6.1-6.6
within and end of
chapter

Discussion Topics
 Identify different types of burns and identify impact on the body for each type.
 Discuss medications and potential impact on the skin and body membranes.

Written Assignments
 Assign a surgical procedure or diagnostic study to each student and have them complete a
one page report on the surgical procedure or diagnostic study in more detail.
 Have students identify how they may use information of skin and body membranes in
their future health care role.
 Have each student choose one part of the integumentary system. Instruct them to use the
library and the Internet to list functions of and potential diseases that may occur in that
part. Have them report to the class if possible.

Group Activities
 Have students discuss their role in their own skin and body membranes health. Have
them identify how hygiene, good nutrition, and avoidance of the sun affect their health.
 Using the combining forms have students build as many words as they can think of in a
class activity.

Internet Activity
 Have students visit the Skin Cancer Foundation’s website (www.skincancer.org) and
learn about the risk factors for skin cancer.

Case Study
 As an end-of-chapter project, have the class build a case study. They can start with a
dermatologist and one or two patients with integumentary system pathologies. Have them
build part of each patient’s file showing doctor’s notes, tests requested, results, and
treatments. Each student may be assigned a role in the development of the case study.

Exercises

Chapter 6: Word-Building
Using the following combining forms, complete the word that best fits the
definition of each word relating to the integumentary system listed below.
Combining forms may be used more than once.
adip(o) ichthy(o) myc(o) steat(o)
dermat(o) kerat(o) onych(o) trich(o)
derm(o) lip(o) pil(o) xanth(o)

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hidr(o) melan(o) seb(o) xer(o)

1. Skin contraction: stenosis. _____________________________________________
2. Study of fungi: logy. __________________________________________________
3. Abnormal nail softness: malacia. ________________________________________
4. Skin hemorrhage: rrhea. _______________________________________________
5. Deficiency of fats: penia. ______________________________________________
6. Inflammation of fatty tissue: itis. ________________________________________
7. Yellowish skin: derma. ________________________________________________
8. Fat cell: cyte. ________________________________________________________
9. Marbled skin: leukoderma. _____________________________________________
10. Dry skin: osis. ______________________________________________________
11. Formation of a horny layer: plasia. ______________________________________
12. Nail biting: phagia. __________________________________________________
13. Scraping procedure used on the skin: abrasion. ____________________________
14. Excessive lip dryness: chilia. __________________________________________
15. Fish-shaped: oid. ____________________________________________________
16. Yellow skin nodule: oma. _____________________________________________
17. Hair examination: scopy. _____________________________________________
18. Overactivity of the sebaceous glands: rrhea. ______________________________
19. Fungal condition: osis. _______________________________________________
20. Scaling of the skin: osis. ______________________________________________

Answer Key
Chapter 6: Word-Building Exercise
1. dermostenosis
2. mycology
3. onychomalacia
4. dermatorrhea
5. lipopenia
6. steatitis
7. xanthoderma
8. adipocyte or lipocyte
9. melanoleukoderma
10. xerosis
11. keratoplasia
12. onychophagia
13. dermabrasion
14. xerochilia
15. ichthyoid
16. xanthoma
17. trichoscopy
18. seborrhea
19. mycosis
20. ichthyosis

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Bostwick & Weber Medical Terminology 2E Chapter 6

Critical Thinking
1. The skin is the largest organ of the body.
2. The epidermis is the outer layer and is made up of several strata.
3. The two major types of procedures are plastic surgery and biopsy.

Clinical Applications
1. Hospital acquired pressure ulcers are no longer reimbursable.
2. A patient can become seriously ill due to a small break in the skin’s integrity.