Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration

Objective

1. What are the end products of fermentation in human muscle tissues during vigorous
exercise?
A. Lactic acid and carbon dioxide
B. Lactic acid and water
C. Carbon dioxide and water
D. Lactic acid and energy

2. What is produced during the fermentation in both human muscles and yeast?
A. Ethanol C. heat energy
B. Lactic acid D. air

3. What will happen to the blood temperature and lactic acid concentration in the
muscles, during extended period of exercise?

Blood temperature Lactic acid concentration

A. Increase Increase
B. Increase Decrease
C. Decrease Decrease
D. Decrease Increase

4. Which of the following is the product of aerobic and fermentation in muscles?

Aerobic respiration Fermentation

A. Carbon dioxide and water ethanol
B. Carbon dioxide and water Lactic acid
C. Lactic acid ethanol
D. Lactic acid Carbon dioxide and water

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Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration

5. To show that fermentation can occurs in yeast, a boiled glucose solution is added into
yeast after the solution has cooled. The glucose is boiled to
I. Break it down into simple sugar
II. Remove oxygen from the solution
III. Kill the yeast
IV. Kill the bacteria in the glucose solution
A. I and II C. I and IV
B. II and III D. II and IV

6. The oxidation of glucose in the process of cellular respiration to produce 38 molecules

of ATP take places in
A. Cytoplasm only
B. Mitochondria only
C. Chloroplast and mitochondria
D. Cytoplasm and mitochondria

7. Which of the following is the correct equation for the fermentation of yeast?
A. Glucose → Lactic acid + Energy
B. Glucose → Carbon diokside + Ethanol + Energy
C. Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon diokside + Ethanol + Energy
D. Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon diokside + Water + Ethanol + Energy

8. The following equation shows fermentation in muscle cells.

Glucose S + 150kJ
What is S?

A. Water
B. Ethanol
C. Lactic acid
D. Carbon dioxide

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Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration

9. The following equation shows the fermentation that takes place in paddy plant.
Zymase
Glucose Energy + P + Carbon dioxide
What is value of energy produced and substance P ?

A. 38 ATP and ethanol

B. 2898kJ and lactic acid
C. 2 ATP and ethanol
D. 150kJ and ethanol

10. An athlete is running a 100 metres race. The following changes take place in the
athlete’s body during the race.
K: Increase availability of oxygen to muscles.
L: Increased breathing rate.
M: Increased carbon dioxide concentration in the blood
N: Muscular activity produce carbon dioxide.

Which sequence is correct?

A. K→L→M→N
B. L→N→M→K
C. N→K→L→M
D. N→ M → L → K

11. What is aerobic respiration?

A. Breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen to form ethanol, carbon dioxide
and energy.
B. Breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen to form carbon dioxide, water
and energy.
C. Breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen to form lactic acid and energy.
D. Breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen to form carbon dioxide, water and
energy.

12. Lactic acid accumulated in an athlete’s muscles after taking part in 100 m sprint.
Which of the following contributes to the situation?
A. Lactic acid fermentation in muscles increases
B. Lactic acid fermentation muscles decreases
C. Aerobic respiration in muscles increases
D. Aerobic respiration in muscles decreases

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Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration

13. Diagram 9 shows an apparatus set-up in an experiment.

Diagram 9

What conclusion can be drawn from this experiment?

i. Yeast carries out aerobic respiration to produce carbon dioxide.

ii. Yeast carries out alcohol fermentation to produce carbon dioxide.
iii. Yeast carries out respiration to produce energy.
iv. Yeast carries out respiration to produce lactic acid
A. i and ii
B. ii and iii
C. iii and iv
D. i and iv

14. Which of the following activities cause the accumulation of lactic acid in muscles?

15. What is the effect of high accumulation of lactic acid in the muscle during
fermentation?
A. Muscle cramp
B. Muscle swollen
C. Muscle degenerates
D. Muscle contracts rapidly

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Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration

16. Which of the following is a similarity between aerobic respiration and lactic acid
fermentation in human muscle?
A. Oxygen is used
B. Energy is released
C. Lactic acid is produced
D. Carbon dioxide is produced

17. What causes oxygen debt to occur?

A. Increases in heartbeat
B. Rapid breathing
C. High level of carbon dioxide in the blood
D. Oxygen demand exceeding oxygen supply.

18. Which process involves aerobic respiration?

A. Fermentation by yeast
B. Initial stage of seed germination
C. Contraction of heart muscles when person is at rest
D. Growth of paddy plants under waterlogged condition

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Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration

Structure

1. Diagram 7 shows two individuals, Y and Z carrying out two different activities.
Processes R and S occur in the muscle cells of the individuals Y and Z respectively.

Diagram 7
(a) Based on diagram 5, name processes R and S. [2 marks]
Process R:_____________________________________
Process S:_____________________________________

(b) Name the product of acid produced from the process R. [1 mark]
_____________________________________________________________

(c) Write the words equation of process S. [2 marks]

_____________________________________________________________

(d) State two differences between process R and process S. [2 marks]

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

(e) Why breathing rate is faster after the exercise? [2 marks]

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

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Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration

2. The process of aerobic respiration is divided into two main stages, A and B, as
show below.

(a)(i) Name the stage A and B. [2]

A: …………………………………………….…… B: ………………………..……………………

(ii) State two difference between the process reactions in stage A and B. [2]
Stage A Stage B

(b) Diagram 3 shows different yoghurt of different flavours sold at the

supermarket.

Diagram 3
Microorganism A carries out process Y to produce yoghurt.
(i) Name microorganism A and process Y. [2]
Microorganism A : …………………………………………………………………………………
Process Y : ……………………………………………………………………………….…………

(ii) Write a word equation for the process Y.[1]

………….……………………………………………………………………………………………...………

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Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration

Essay

1. Diagram 10 shows two athletes who have just completed the running, both of them
suffer from muscle fatigue and lead to muscle pain.
Athlete A chooses to sit down to wait for the pain to disappear while Athlete B
chooses to walk slowly.

Diagram 10

Explain which athlete will recover faster from the muscle fatigue? (8 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

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Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration

2. Diagram 11 shows two individuals, P and Q in different situations.

Diagram 11

You are a physiotherapist for the Football Association of Malaysia (FAM).

(i) Explain the cellular respiration that occurs in hind leg muscle cells of
individual P and Q. [6 marks]
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

(ii) Explain why individual Q gasp right after completing the activity.
[ 4 marks]
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

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Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration

3. (a) Table 6 shows the breathing rate of a students during resting and during vigorous
activity.

Breathing rate During resting During vigorous activity

(breath per minute) 16 30

Explain why the breathing rate of students is different during resting and during
vigorous activity. (4 marks)

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

(b) Diagram 12 shows the concentration of lactic acid in the blood of an athlete.

Diagram 12

Explain the differences in the concentration of lactic acid in the blood of an athlete
during and after doing vigorous activities. (6 marks)

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

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