Al Corniche International School

Boys’ Section Licence No.S-251/Girls’ Section Licence No. 4321440071

Vision: Our Vision is to offer the highest quality British education to our Mission: The mission of Al Corniche International School is to provide each
students embedded with the Islamic Values, implemented by the Modern student a diverse education in a safe, supportive environment that promotes
Technology to enhance the thinking skills and creativity in our students. self-discipline, motivation and excellence in learning.

Gr. 10 Bio Revision Sheet Answer Key Semester 2 (2023-2024)

MCQs
1. The diagram shows a part of a simplified DNA molecule.

What does X represent?

A. Organic base B. Carbon C. sugar-phosphate chain D. Protein
2. Water is a good solvent. What does this mean?
A. It dissolves well in many other substances. B. It flows easily through vessels.
C. It is permeable to gases. D. Many substances dissolve well in it.
3. One strand of a DNA molecule contains the base sequence TCG.
What is the base sequence on the other strand of the DNA molecule?
A. AGC B. GAT C. TAC D. AGT

4. The diagram represents enzyme action.

What are parts W, X and Y in this chemical reaction?

5. The diagram represents a chemical reaction.

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 Which diagram represents the enzyme for this reaction?

6. Lactase is a human enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of lactose in milk. At which
temperature does lactase work fastest?
A. 0°C B. 18°C C. 37°C D. 100°C
7. An enzyme from the stomach that digests protein, and cooked egg white that contains
protein, are placed in four test-tubes. When the egg white is digested the mixture becomes
clear. Which tube becomes clear first?

8. The photograph shows two blood cells, X and Y.

What are the functions of cells X and Y?

9. The diagram shows the heart as seen from the front.

Which section shows the heart cut through line P-Q?

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 10. The diagram shows an external view of the human heart.

What is the name of the blood vessel labelled X?

A. coronary artery B. hepatic artery C. pulmonary artery D. renal artery

11. The plan shows the blood system of a mammal.

What does the part labelled X represent? A. heart B. kidneys C. liver D. lungs

12. The list shows four metabolic processes.

Which of these processes occur in muscles?

A. 1 and 2 B. 2 and 3 C. 3 and 4 D. 4 and 1

13. The diagram shows an experiment to investigate the respiration of yeast.

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 Which gas is evolved and which new compound is present after 24 hours?

14. The graph shows the energy released by two animals through respiration as the
external temperature changes.

Which conclusion can be drawn from the graph?

A. Animals 1 and 2 release the least energy at 23°C.
B. Animal 2 always respires faster than animal 1.
C. As the temperature rises, respiration always increases.
D. The rate of respiration is the same for both animals at 23°C.

15. An athlete takes part in a race. The graph shows her breathing rate before, during and
after the race. At which point does her body contain the greatest amount of lactic acid?

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16. How are aerobic and anaerobic respiration similar?
A. Both involve breaking down glucose.
B. Both need a low concentration of oxygen.
C. In muscles, both produce carbon dioxide.
D. In yeast, both produce alcohol.

17. The diagram shows the human urinary system.

Which row shows substances that are present in each of these structures in a healthy person?

18. The diagram shows a kidney and its blood vessels.

In a healthy person, which structures transport glucose?

A. artery only B. artery and ureter C. artery and vein D. ureter and vein

19. The diagram shows a neurone.

Which structures could be found at X and Y?

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20. The diagram shows the muscles which control the size of the pupil in an eye.

How do the muscles make the pupil larger?

Extended Questions
Q. NO: 1. (a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the structures involved in excretion.

Complete Fig. 1.1 by labelling the structures in the spaces provided.

Choose structures from the list:
bladder bronchus heart liver
lung pancreas trachea ureter urethra
Ans: (Label from top to bottom): bronchus; lung; liver; ureter; bladder
(b) Urea is excreted.
(i) State the name of the substance that urea is made from. Amino acids

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(ii) State where in the body urea is made. Liver
(c) Describe the process that produces the carbon dioxide that is excreted by the lungs.
During aerobic respiration Oxygen break-down of glucose / nutrient molecules to
generate energy and as a by-product CO2 is produced. You can write its chemical
equation as well.
(e) State the name of the component of blood that transports carbon dioxide to the lungs.
Plasma
Q. NO: 2. (a) Fig. 2.1 shows a reflex action that involves the eye. A shows an eye in dim
light. B shows the same eye when a bright blue light is shone into it.

Fig. 2.1
(i) Identify the:
• stimulus to which the eye responds
• receptor cells that detect the stimulus
• effector
• response that the eye makes.
Write your answers in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1

(ii) Describe how the nervous system coordinates the response shown in Fig. 2.1.

(b) Adrenaline is secreted by the adrenal glands to prepare the body for dangerous situations.
Extreme sports, such as bungee jumping shown in Fig. 2.2, are an example of such a
dangerous situation.

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 Fig. 2.2
Explain how adrenaline prepares the body for an extreme sport, such as making a bungee
jump.

(c) The response shown in Fig. 2.1 is involuntary. Bungee jumping is a voluntary action.
Describe two ways in which involuntary actions differ from voluntary actions.

Q. NO: 3. Complete the sentences about genetic engineering.

Use words from the list. Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
bacteria crops family insects minerals organism
removing viruses vitamin weeds
In genetic engineering the genetic material of an .............................................. is changed
by .............................................., changing or inserting individual genes. An example of this
is inserting a human gene into .............................................. so that they produce human

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insulin. Crop plants have genes inserted into them to make them resistant to herbicides.
Herbicides kill...............................................
Crop plants can also be genetically engineered by inserting a gene so that they produce
a .............................................. which is a nutrient needed by humans in very small amounts.
Ans: organism; removing; bacteria; weeds; vitamin
Use the given words respectively in the spaces provided.
Q. NO: 4. The glucose concentration of the blood is maintained within the range 80–90mg
per 100cm3 blood. Fig. 4.1 is a flow chart showing how the body responds to changes in the
glucose concentration of the blood after the absorption of a carbohydrate-rich meal and
during strenuous exercise.

Fig. 4.1
(a) Name organ A and hormones B and C.

(b) (i) Name organ D that stores glucose as glycogen.

(b) (i) liver

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 (ii) Suggest why glucose is converted to glycogen rather than kept as glucose
inside the cells.

(c) Name the type of control system used in homeostasis that returns the blood glucose
concentration to 80–90mg per 100cm3.
(c)negative feedback

(d) Animal hormones are used in the production of milk and meat. Bovine somatotrophin
(BST) is used to increase milk production by cows. The hormone is produced by
genetically modified bacteria that contain the cattle gene for making BST. It is used in the
United States but is banned for use in the European Union.
(i) Outline how genes, such as the one for BST, are transferred from the cells of cattle
(cows) to bacteria.

Bacteria are used in many biotechnological processes.

(e) Explain why bacteria are useful in biotechnology.
(e) any three from:
(small so do) not need much space
Rapid reproduction rate, can not make complex molecules, no ethiclal concerns over
use
Idea that genetic code is universal, they have plasmids
Idea that plasmids are used as vectors / in genetic engineering
Simple requirements so easy / cheap tp grow

Q. NO: 5. Heart surgeons may stop the heart beating during operations. While this happens
blood is pumped through a heart-lung machine that oxygenates the blood. Fig. 5.1 is a
diagram showing a heart-lung machine in use.

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 Fig. 5.1
(a) Name the structures labelled A to D.

(b) Name the blood vessels E and F.

(c) The heart-lung machine is used so that surgeons can operate on the arteries supplying
heart muscle. These arteries may be diseased.
Name these arteries and explain how they may become diseased.
name of arteries: coronary arteries
explanation:

Humans have a double circulation system. There is a low pressure circulation and a high
pressure circulation.

(d) Explain the advantages of a double circulation.

Any three from: 1. Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood are kept separate / do not mix /
separated by septum, 2. Ensures efficient supply of oxygen to the body 3. Ensure
efficient supply of (named) nutrient to the body 4. Lower pressure in pulmonary
artery / circuit 4. To prevent damage to (capillary in the) lungs 5. Allows more time for
gas exchange, allow high pressure in the body 6. To ensure efficient blood supply to rest

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of the body 7. To allow filtration in kidneys (for excretion) 8. To allow / maintain a high
metabolic rate / rate of respiration
(e) Some people have Type 1 diabetes. Outline the treatment of Type 1 diabetes.
Any two from: Taking up insulin (ref; to injection / pump
(regular) monitoring of blood glucose concentration
Controlling carbohydrate intake
Regular exercise / maintain a healthy body mass
Q. NO: 6. Define the terms excretion, hormone and genetic engineering mean?
Excretion: removal from the body / organism / cell poisons / toxins / harmful substances
named example OR waste products / of metabolism / respiration / deamination / chemical
reactions in cells or in the body substances in excess (of requirements)
Hormone: A hormone is defined as a chemical substance, produced by a gland and carried
by the blood, which alters the activity of one or more specific target organs.
Genetic modification (engineering): Changing the genetic material of an organism by
removing, changing or inserting individual genes

Q. NO: 7. Fig. 7.1 shows a kidney tubule and the blood vessels associated with it.

Fig. 7.1
(a) Table 7.1 shows some processes that occur in a kidney.
In Table 7.1, write the letter of the part shown in Fig. 7.1 where each process occurs.
You must put one letter in each box. You may use the same letter more than once.
Table 7.1
process Letter
Filtration of blood H
Reabsorption of most of the solutes from C, F
the filtrate
Water is absorbed by osmosis to determine G
the concentration of urine
Unfiltered blood returns to the renal vein D

(b) Table 7.2 lists the components of blood, filtrate and urine.

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 Table 7.2

Complete the table by using ticks ) to show whether or not each

component is present in filtrate and in urine of a healthy person. The first component
has been done for you.

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