Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CHAPTER 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Autodesk Revit is building information modeling software for architects, structural engineers,
MEP engineers, designers and contractors developed by Autodesk. It allows users to design a
building and structure and its components in 3D, annotate the model with 2D drafting elements,
and access building information from the building model's database. Revit is 4D BIM capable
with tools to plan and track various stages in the building's lifecycle, from concept to
construction and later maintenance and/or demolition.
Revit is Building Information Modeling (BIM) software for Microsoft Windows developed by
Autodesk. It allows the user to design with parametric modelling and drafting elements with a
fully integrated database. There are three software packages within the Revit BIM family of
software: Revit Architecture, Revit Structure, and Revit MEP. Each package is targeted toward
the architectural, structural, and mechanical/electrical/plumbing disciplines respectively.
Autodesk purchased the software from Massachusetts-based Revit Technologies in 2002.
Autodesk has a proprietary, censored, wiki as part of their Community Learning including a
Revit manual based on the earlier extensive help system documentation. The wiki can only be
edited by users handing their works over to Autodesk. Unlike this manual it may not be freely
reproduced.
construction sector).With funding from venture capitalists Atlas Venture and North Bridge
Venture Partners, Raiz and Jungreis hired several software developers and architects and began
developing Revit in C++ on the Microsoft Windows platform. In 1999 they hired Dave Lemont
as CEO and recruited board members Jon Hirsch tick, founder of SolidWorks, and Arol
Wolford, founder of CMD Group.
From the outset, Revit was intended to allow architects and other building professionals to
design and document a building by creating a parametric three-dimensional model that
included both the geometry and non-geometric design and construction information, which is
also known as Building Information Modeling or BIM (1975 Eastman C.). At the time, several
other software packages such as ArchiCAD and Reflex allowed working with a three-
dimensional virtual building model, and allowed individual components to be controlled by
parameters (parametric components). Two key differences in Revit were that its parametric
components were created using a graphical "family editor" rather than a programming
language, and all relationships between components, views, and annotations were captured by
the model so that a change to any element would automatically propagate to keep the model
consistent. For example, moving a wall would update the neighboring walls, floors, and roofs,
correct the placement and values of dimensions and notes, adjust the floor areas reported in
schedules, redraw section views, etc., so that the model would remain connected and all
documentation would be coordinated. The concept of bi-directional associativity between
components, views, and annotations was a distinguishing feature of Revit for many releases.
The ease of making changes inspired the name Revit, a contraction of Revise-It. At the heart
of Revit is a parametric change propagation engine that relied on a new technology, context-
driven parametrics that was more scalable than the variational and history-driven parametrics
used in mechanical CAD software. The term Parametric Building Model was adopted to reflect
the fact that changes to parameters drove the whole building model and associated
documentation, not just individual components.
The company was renamed Revit Technology Corporation in January 2000, and Revit version
1.0 was released on April 5, 2000. The software progressed rapidly, with version 2.0, 3.0, 3.1,
4.0, and 4.1 released in August 2000; October 2000; February 2001; June 2001; November
2001; and January 2002, respectively.
The software was initially offered only as a monthly rental, with no option to purchase.
Licensing was controlled by an entirely automatic process, an innovation at a time when human
intervention and manual transmission of authorization codes was required to buy other types
of design software.
Autodesk, best known for its AutoCAD line of products, purchased the Massachusetts-based
Revit Technology Corporation for US$133 million in 2002. The purchase allowed more
research, development and improvement of the software. Autodesk has released several
versions of Revit since 2004. In 2005 Revit Structure was introduced, then in 2006 Revit MEP.
After the 2006 release Revit Building was renamed Revit Architecture.
Since Revit 2013 the different disciplines have been rolled into one product, simply called
Revit.
In 2012 Revit LT became the newest version of Revit on the market. It is a light version of
Revit with a number of features such as rendering and multi user environments removed.
With their Revit platform, Autodesk is a significant player in the BIM market together with
Nemetschek (makers of ArchiCAD, All Plan and Vectorworks), and Gehry Technologies with
CATIA based Digital Project.
1.3 PRODUCTS
Since Revit 2013 all Revit functionality is available in one product. In 2013, Autodesk released
the feature limited Revit LT for the entry level market alongside the full featured Revit 2013.
That same year, Autodesk began introducing rental licensing for some of their products,
including Revit.
Autodesk sells Building Design Suites which each include a different selection of software
packages. Revit is included in the Premium and Ultimate suites. With the release of Revit 2015
Autodesk dropped support for 32-bit Windows.
1.5 MODELING
The Revit work environment allows users to manipulate whole buildings or assemblies (in the
project environment) or individual 3D shapes (in the family editor environment). Modeling
tools can be used with pre-made solid objects or imported geometric models. However, Revit
is not a NURBS modeler and also lacks the ability to manipulate an object's individual polygons
except on some specific object types such as roofs, slabs and terrain or in the massing
environment.
There are many categories of objects ('families' in Revit terminology), which divide into three
groups:
System Families, such as walls, floors, roofs and ceilings which are built inside a project
Loadable Families / Components, which are built with primitives (extrusions, sweeps,
etc.) separately from the project and loaded into a project for use
In-Place Families, which are built in-situ within a project with the same toolset as
loadable components
An experienced user can create realistic and accurate families ranging from furniture to lighting
fixtures, as well as import existing models from other programs. Revit families can be created
as parametric models with dimensions and properties. This lets users modify a given
component by changing predefined parameters such as height, width or number in the case of
an array. In this way a family defines a geometry which is controlled by parameters, each
combination of parameters can be saved as a type, and each occurrence (instance in Revit) of
a type can also contain further variations. For example, a swing door may be a Family. It may
have types describing different sizes, and the actual building model will have instances of those
types placed in walls where instance-based parameters could specify the door hardware
uniquely for each occurrence of the door.
Due to the copyright nature of project work, it is rare and impractical to be able to buy fully
3D modelled Revit project models. Indeed as most projects are site specific and bespoke,
obtaining an existing model is in many instances unsuitable. However, there are circumstances
where new practices or students that are training to learn Revit, do have a need to refer to
completed models. Sources for these are limited, however they can be purchased at websites
like BIM Gallery and downloaded from websites like Grab Cad. Revit model files have also
been located using Google search string "index of" + rvt" + "central" -html -htm -php .
Although Revit software comes with a range of families out of the box (OOTB), they are
limited, so users can find a need to build their own families or buy them from online stores
such as Plan-sort, Bimbandit or Andekan. A number of websites offer families for free
including Revitcity, Augi and National Bimlibrary.
In 2011 Dynamo was released in beta form allowing first glimpses of directly programming
the behavior of hosted components through a drag and drop node interface. This is similar to
the way the visual programming language Grasshopper 3d works on objects in Rhinoceros 3D.
1.6 RENDERING
When a user makes a building, model, or any other kind of object in Revit, they may use Revit's
rendering engine to make a more realistic image of what is otherwise a very diagrammatic
model. This is accomplished by either using the premade model, wall, floor, etc., tools, or
making her or his own models, walls, materials, etc. Revit 2010 comes with a plethora of
predefined materials, each of which can be modified to the user's desires. The user can also
begin with a "Generic" material. With this, the user can set the rotation, size, brightness, and
intensity of textures, gloss maps (also known as shine maps), transparency maps, reflection
maps, oblique reflection maps, hole maps, and bump maps, as well as leaving the map part out
and just using the sliders for any one (or all or none) of the aforementioned features of textures.
Cloud-based rendering with the experimental plug-in dubbed Project Neon, located on
Autodesk Labs is in the beta phases and allows for the user to render their images through their
Autodesk account instead of locally through their own computers. Revit models may also be
linked directly into Autodesk 3ds Max (release 2013 and later) for more advanced rendering
and animation projects with much of their material and object information maintained.
An ad-Din available for Revit called Enscape3D allows live 3D rendering walkthroughs and
flyarounds. It permits live updates and also allows for sound sources to be added so that
acoustics may be tested.
1.7 SCHEDULES
Schedules are just another view of the Revit Architecture model. A change to a schedule view
is automatically reflected in every other view and vice versa. Functionality includes associative
split-schedule sections and selectable design elements via schedule views, formulas, and
filtering.
Use Parametric Components for the most elaborate assemblies, such as cabinetry and
equipment, as well as for the most elementary building parts, such as walls and columns. Best
of all, no programming language or coding is required.
CHAPTER 2
2.1 INSTALLATION
To install AutoCAD Revit Purchase AutoCAD Revit from your approved software dealer or
download it from the internet and follow the installation instruction. Before beginning the
exercises, install the software and register it as either demo or subscription. Demo mode serves
as a no-cost viewer, allowing you to export, print, or plot projects that have not been edited.
ix. Status Bar: At the lower left corner of the drawing area is the Status Bar, which
displays the status of the current command or the name of a highlighted element.
information, articles, tips, and product support information. For more information, see
the Revit Architecture help.
xiii. Getting Started: Now that you have explored the interface, you can start your first
project. In this project, you use some of the basic commands found in Revit
Architecture. The exercises show how easy it is to design a simple building with no
previous experience.
Fig.2.8: Levels
4. Rename levels:
a. Double-click the Level 1 text, enter 00 Foundation, and press ENTER.
Use a number as a prefix to the name so the plans are sorted by level.
b. In the alert dialog, click Yes to rename corresponding views.
The floor and ceiling plans for Level 1 are renamed 00 Foundation.
c. Using the same method, rename Level 2 and its corresponding views as 01 Lower
Level
d. In the drawing area, highlight the 01 Lower Level line; when a dashed line is
displayed above the level line, click to create a level (Level 3).
e. Using the same method, create a level above Level 3.
f. On the Design Bar, click Modify to end the command.
6. Rename the new levels and all corresponding views:
a. Level 3: Rename as 02 Entry Level
b. Level 4: Rename as 03 Roof
7. Double-click the level dimensions, and enter new values:
a. 0'0'' [0mm]: Change to -14'0'' [-5250mm]
b. 10'0'' [4000mm]: Change to -10'0'' [-3050mm]
c. 20'0'' [7000 mm]: Change to 0'0'' [0 mm]
d. 30'0'' [10000 mm]: Change to 10'0'' [3050 mm]
8. On the Design Bar, click Modify.
9. Save the project file.
Fig.2.10: Foundation
1. In the Project Browser, under Floor Plans, double-click 00 Foundation to open that view in
the drawing area.
2. On the Design Bar, click Wall.
3. In the Type Selector, select Basic Wall: Retaining - 12'' Concrete [Basic Wall: Retaining -
300mm Concrete].
4. On the Options Bar:
a. Click (Draw).
b. For Height, select 02 Entry Level.
c. For Loc Line, verify that Wall Centerline is selected.
d. Verify that Chain is selected.
5. In the drawing area, draw walls on the foundation level:
a. Click in the lower right quadrant to select the wall start point.
b. Move the cursor to the left, enter 40' [12000 mm], and press ENTER.
NOTE you do not need to specify the unit; Revit Architecture uses the units specified
in the project template.
c. Beginning at the new endpoint, move the cursor up, enter 22' [6900 mm], and press
ENTER.
d. Move the cursor to the right, enter 40' [12000 mm], and press ENTER.
6. On the Design Bar, click Modify to exit the command.
7. In the Project Browser, under Floor Plans, double-click 01 Lower Level.
8. On the Design Bar, click Wall.
9. In the Type Selector, select Basic Wall: Foundation - 12'' Concrete [Basic Wall:
Foundation -300mm Concrete].
10. On the Options Bar, for Depth, select 00 Foundation.
11. Draw walls on the lower level:
a. In the drawing area, click the right endpoint of the south wall as the wall start point.
b. Move the cursor to the right, enter 6' 6'' [1950 mm], and press ENTER.
c. Move the cursor up, enter 5' [1500 mm], and press ENTER.
d. Move the cursor to the right, enter 10' 6'' [3150 mm], and press ENTER.
e. Move the cursor up, and select the intersection with the extension of the north wall.
f. Select the right endpoint of the north wall to complete the chain and connect the
walls.
12. On the Design Bar, click Modify.
13. Save the project file.
A 3D view is created. The view you create may differ slightly from the illustrations shown in
the exercises because of minor variations in camera placement. Drag the blue circular controls
that display on the crop region of the resulting view so that you can see the building.
3. In the Project Browser, expand 3D Views, right-click 3D View 1, and click Rename.
4. In the Rename View dialog, enter To Building, and click OK.
5. Create a graded building site:
a. In the Project Browser, under Floor Plans, double-click Site.
b. Click the Site tab of the Design Bar, and click Toposurface.
c. On the Options Bar, for Elevation, enter -0' 6'' [-150 mm].
d. Add points to the left of the building, as shown in Fig.2.14 (A)
e. The order of the point selection is not important.
(A) (B)
Fig.2.14: Create of Building Site
f. On the Options Bar, for Elevation, enter -10' [-4000 mm].
g. Add points near the center of the building, as shown in Fig2.14 (B)
h. Contour lines are displayed.
The Height setting defines how tall the wall is and establishes a relationship between the walls
and the roof. After you draw the walls, if you change the roof height, the height of the walls
will also change.
e. Beginning at the bottom right, trace the interior of the 3 existing retaining walls by
selecting endpoints.
f. On the Design Bar, click Modify.
2. Add walls to the lower level:
a. Open the 01 Lower Level floor plan.
b. On the Design Bar, click Wall.
c. On the Options Bar, for Height, select 03 Roof.
d. Beginning at the left endpoint of the north foundation wall, trace the interior of the
foundation walls by selecting endpoints.
e. On the Design Bar, click Modify.
Notice that the foundation walls are now visible at the right of the plan, so that you can trace
them.
3. Open the To Building 3D view.
4. Save the project file.
a. On the Options Bar, click (Pick Lines), for Offset, enter 3' [900 mm], and clear
Defines slope.
b. In the drawing area, highlight the west wall; when a dashed line is displayed on the
exterior of the wall, click to place the roof line. Repeat for the north and east walls.
4. Use the Trim/Extend tool to close the roof sketch:
3. Enter ZR, and zoom in to the top right corner of the model.
If the floor lines do not create a closed sketch, the sketch is invalid and you need to clean the
lines up. To be valid, the sketch must be a closed loop with no disconnected or crossing lines.
i. Move the cursor to the left, enter SZ to find the loop endpoint, and select the endpoint
to complete the floor sketch.
\Imperial\Families\Windows [Metric\Families\Windows].
f. Select Casement 3x3 with Trim.rfa [M-Casement 3x3 with Trim.rfa], and click Open.
g. Add 2 windows, approximately as shown. You will position them and align them
with the top of the retaining wall later. If either of the windows spans an internal wall,
a warning about the conflict is displayed; close the warning. You will resolve any
conflict by moving the windows while in a floor plan view.
d. On the View toolbar, click to activate thin lines so that element lines maintain
their true thickness in the zoomed view.
e. On the Design Bar, click Window.
f. On the Options Bar, verify that Tag on Placement is cleared.
g. In the Type Selector, select Casement 3x3 with Trim: 36'' x 72'' [M-Casement 3x3
with Trim: 0915 x 1830mm], and place 3 windows on the outside edge of the west
wall, as shown.
g. On the Standard toolbar, click (Undo) once to restore the top wall to the original
dimension.
10. Select the dimension line, and press DELETE. In the warning dialog, click OK to delete
the line but maintain the constraints.
11. Zoom as desired, and open various plan, elevation, and 3D views to display the model
results thus far.
12. Save the project file.
f. Select the left side of the horizontal railing, and then select the vertical railing.
g. On the Design Bar, click Finish Sketch.
c. Begin the section on the left side of the model and end it on the right side, making
sure it cuts through the stairs.
g. On the Standard toolbar, click (Undo) to restore the wall to its original
dimension.
h. Reopen the 02 Entry Level floor plan and verify the wall has changed.
a. Under Settings, for Place, click , select a city near your location, and click OK.
b. For Date, enter 20/6/2017.
c. For Time Interval, select 15 minutes.
d. Clear Ground Plane at Level so that the shadows fall on the terrain.
e. Click Apply, and then click OK.
8. In the Advanced Model Graphics Settings dialog, click Apply, and then click OK.
9. On the View Control Bar, click Shadows On ➤ Preview Solar Study.
CHAPTER 3
CONCLUSIONS
Revit Architecture software provides interior designers with a unified environment for
conceptual design, design development, visualization, rendering, and documentation without
requiring duplication of effort or replication of model information. The Revit parametric
building modeler coordinates this information across all representations and design options of
the project – giving designers, and their clients, confidence in the accuracy and reliability of
their interior design documentation and information. For interior designers, as for architects
and other building design professionals, building information modeling is a powerful tool for
thinking and communicating about design and is a strong competitive advantage for interior
design businesses.
From conceptual studies through the most detailed construction drawings and schedules,
applications built on Revit help provide immediate competitive advantage, better coordination
and quality, and can contribute to higher profitability for architects and the rest of the building
team.
At the heart of the Revit platform is the Revit parametric change engine, which automatically
coordinates changes made anywhere — in model views or drawing sheets, schedules, sections,
plans… you name it.
The intent of this thesis report was to explore the redesign of particular systems of the
Millennium Science Building utilizing an Integrated Project Delivery Method and Building
Information Modeling. Integration and Communication among disciplines was key to the
success of the project. At the start of the project, overall goal were established and developed
using the BIM Execution Plan.
REFERENCES
1) Fox, L. & Balding, J. (2005). Introducing and Implementing Autodesk Revit. New York:
Clifton Park.
2) Ibrahim, M. J. & Krawczyk, R. (2003). The level of knowledge of CAD objects within the
building information model. Proceedings of the ACADIA, Indianapolis, Indiana.
3) Khemlani, L. (2006). Use of BIM by facility owners: an “Expotitions” meeting.
URL http://www.aecbytes.com/buildingthefuture/2006/Expotitions_meeting.html
4) ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality
5) ASHRAE Standard 90.1‐2007: Energy Standard for Buildings except Low‐Rise
Residential Buildings. American
6) The IESNA Lighting Handbook: Reference & Application, 9th Edition. Illuminating
Engineering Society of North
7) America. New York, NY. 2000.
8) National Electric Code: 2008. National Fire Protection Association. Quincy, MA. 2004.
9) Uniform Construction Code (UCC)
10) International Building Code (IBC), 2006 Edition
Some images of a Hospital Building and Bed rooms which I made during
short term training.
Bed Rooms
KHALD AKBAR SHAH
B.Tech final year Civil engineering
9469265222/8715053153
kasshah777@gmail.com