Q1. Write approximating function for Rayleigh Ritz method.

If u = 7 at x = 5 and u = 0 at x = 3,
what are ϕ1, ϕ2 and ϕ0?

Ans: The approximating function for Rayleigh Ritz method is given by,

∑ ( ) ( )

For x = 5, u2 = 7 and for x = 3, u1 = 0

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )

Q2. Derive and draw Hermite shape function .

Ans: Hermite shape functions are used in Beam formulation. In beam problem, in one element,
there are four degrees of freedom, i.e. ̂ * + , where ̂ is the dependent variable
vector.

( )

Now we have to decide the shape function such that

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

We assume,

( )

( )

( )
( )