EULOGIO “AMANG RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE

OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila

MASTER OF ARTS IN TEACHING SCIENCE

COURSE: MASTER OF ARTS IN TEACHING SCIENCE

SUBJECT: MSCI-101 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
TOPIC: ENVIRONMENTAL AREAS OF CONCERN
(AIR QUALITY AND POLLUTION)
REPORTER: MRS. PRIMELYN D. WAGAS
DATE OF REPORT: MAY 28, 2022
PROFESSOR: DR. ELEONOR T. SALVADOR
STUDENT NO.: 211-20035M

I. INTRODUCTION:

Air pollution is the contamination of the atmosphere's atmosphere by

compounds that are dangerous to the health of people and other living
things, or that impair the climate or materials. Gases, particles, and
biological molecules are just a few of the various sorts of air pollution.

II. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students will….
❑ define air pollution.
❑ identify the five pollutants that harm human health and the
environment.
❑ identify the risks of indoor and outdoor air pollution.
❑ identify ways to reduce air pollution.

III. CONTENT
Air pollution
● contamination of the Earth’s atmosphere by harmful substances.
● introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals, and particulates that
cause discomfort, disease to humans, damage other living things such as
food crops or damage the natural environment or built environment.
Types of Pollution
1. Water Pollution
2. Land Pollution
3. Noise Pollution
4. Air Pollution
Examples:
Household combustion devices
Motor vehicles
Industrial facilities
Forest fires
 EULOGIO “AMANG RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila

MASTER OF ARTS IN TEACHING SCIENCE

Major Air Pollutants

➢ Particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5)

➢ Ground-level ozone (O3)
➢ Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
➢ Carbon monoxide (CO)
➢ Sulphur dioxide (SO2)

Particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5)

➢ is made up of particles (tiny pieces) of solids or liquids that are in the air.
➢ can cause short-term health effects such as eye, nose, throat, and lung
irritation, coughing, sneezing, runny nose, and shortness of breath.

Ground-level ozone (O3)

➢ a colorless and highly irritating gas that forms just above the earth's surface.
➢ two primary pollutants are nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic
compounds (VOCs).
➢ can trigger a variety of health problems including chest pain, coughing,
throat irritation, and congestion. It can worsen bronchitis, emphysema, and
asthma.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)

➢ one of a group of highly reactive gases known as oxides of nitrogen or
nitrogen oxides (NOx).
➢ NO2 primarily gets in the air from the burning of fuel.
➢ cause damage to the human respiratory tract and increase a person's
vulnerability to, and the severity of, respiratory infections and asthma.

Carbon monoxide (CO)

➢ odorless, colorless gas formed by the incomplete combustion of fuels.
➢ the most common symptoms of CO poisoning are headache, dizziness,
weakness, upset stomach, vomiting, chest pain, and confusion.
Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
➢ a gaseous air pollutant composed of sulfur and oxygen. SO 2 forms when
sulfur-containing fuel such as coal, oil, or diesel is burned.
➢ affects the respiratory system, particularly lung function, and can irritate the
eyes.

Types of Air Pollution

• Indoor Air Pollution
 EULOGIO “AMANG RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila

MASTER OF ARTS IN TEACHING SCIENCE

• Outdoor Pollution

Effects of Indoor and Outdoor Pollution

Human Effects
• Diseases
✓ stroke
✓ ischaemic heart disease
✓ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
✓ lung cancer
✓ pneumonia

Environmental Effects
• Acid rain- is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds
like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air.
• Haze- fine dust, smoke, or light vapor causing a lack of transparency in the
air.
• Wildlife- toxic pollutants in the air, or deposited on soils or surface waters,
can impact wildlife in a number of ways.
• Ozone Depletion- gradual thinning of Earth's ozone layer in the upper
atmosphere is caused by the release of chemical compounds containing
gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities.
• Crop and forest damage- reduced growth and survivability of tree
seedlings, and increased plant susceptibility to disease.
• Global Climate change- influences outdoor air pollutant concentrations in
many ways; temperatures, cloudiness, humidity, the frequency and
intensity of precipitation, and wind patterns, each of which can influence
air quality.
 EULOGIO “AMANG RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila

MASTER OF ARTS IN TEACHING SCIENCE

REFERENCES

Managing Indoor Pollution

✓ Identify sources of pollution.
✓ Home test kits and detectors.
✓ Increase the ventilation in your home.
 EULOGIO “AMANG RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila

MASTER OF ARTS IN TEACHING SCIENCE

Outdoor Air Pollution

Effects of Outdoor Air Pollution

Number of human health effects including;
• heart attacks
• asthma attacks
• bronchitis
• hospital and emergency room visits
• work and school days lost
• restricted activity days
• respiratory symptoms
• premature mortality
 EULOGIO “AMANG RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila

MASTER OF ARTS IN TEACHING SCIENCE

Top 10 Countries with the Worst Air Pollution - PM2.5 exposure (µg/m³) – AQI 2020
1. Bangladesh
2. Pakistan
3. India
4. Mongolia
5. Afghanistan
6. Oman
7. Qatar
8. Kyrgyzstan
9. Indonesia
10. Bonsia & Hezegovina

What is the air quality in the Philippines?

The Philippines was said to have 17.6 ug/m3 of PM2. 5 – holding the
57th place as the country with the worst air quality.
 EULOGIO “AMANG RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila

MASTER OF ARTS IN TEACHING SCIENCE

Air quality
• measure how clean or polluted the air is.
• measured with the Air Quality Index or AQI.
EULOGIO “AMANG RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila

MASTER OF ARTS IN TEACHING SCIENCE

 EULOGIO “AMANG RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila

MASTER OF ARTS IN TEACHING SCIENCE

REFERENCES:

o Environmental Science & Technology Referencing Guide

o Air Quality Expert Group (2005). Particulate matter in the UK:
summary. London: Department for the Environment, Food and
Rural Affairs.

o Air Quality Expert Group (2005). Particulate matter in the UK:

summary. London: Department for the Environment, Food
and Rural Affairs.
o ACAP (Arctic Council Action Plan to Eliminate Pollution of the
Arctic). 2005a. Arctic Mercury Releases Inventory: Reduction
of Atmospheric Mercury Releases from Arctic States.
Copenhagen, Denmark: Danish Ministry of the Environment,
Danish Environmental Protection Agency.
o National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.
2010. Global Sources of Local Pollution: An Assessment of
Long-Range Transport of Key Air Pollutants to and from the
United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies
Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/12743.