Section –b

12If a, b, c are three vector then prove that [a+b, b+c, c+a] =2[a b c]

Ans) i) By definition [a, b, c] = a.(b x c) 

ii) Also by property, [a, b, c] = [b, c, a] = [c, a, b], taking in the same clock wise order;
however if the order is reversed, then they are not equal; that is [a, b, c] ≠ [a, c, b] 

2) Applying the above, [a+b, b+c, c+a] = (a+b).{(b+c) x (c+a)} 

= (a+b).{(b x c) + (b x a) + (c x c) + (c x a)} 
[Cross product of vectors is distributive over addition] 

= (a+b).{(b x c) + (b x a) + (c x a)} [Since c x c = 0] 

= a.(b x c) + a.(b x a) + a.(c x a) + b.(b x c) + b.(b x a) + b.(c x a) 

= [a, b, c] + [a,b,a] + [a,c,a] + [b,b,c] + [b, c, a] 

= [a, b, c] + [a, b, c] {Since [a,b,a] [a,c,a] and [b,bc]each = 0; they form coplanar vectors} 

= [a,b,c] + [a,b,c] {From 1.(ii) above} 

= 2[a, b, c] 

Thus it is proved that [a+b,b+c,c+a]= 2[a b c]

11. Prove that 4i+5j+k, - j-k, 3i+9j+4k and - 4i+4j+4k are coplanar.
Yes, the given points are CO-PLANAR.

Step-by-step explanation:

The given points are A = 4i + 5j + k ,B = -(j + k) = 0i - j - k , C = 3i + 9j + 4k and D = -4i + 4j + 4k

So

u = AB = ( 0 - 4 , - 1 - 5 , - 1 - 1 ) = ( - 4 , - 6 , - 2 )

v = AC = ( 3 - 4 , 9 - 5 , 4 - 1 ) = ( - 1 , 4 , 3 )
w = AD = ( -4 - 4 , 4 - 5 , 4 - 1 ) = ( -8 , - 1 , 3 )

The given points will be CO-PLANAR if

[uvw]=0

So

[uvw]

=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}-4&-6&-2\\-1&4&3\\-8&-1&3\end{array}\right] \\\\=-4(12+3)-(-6)(-3+24)+(-
2)(1+32)\\=-4(15)+6(21)-2(33)\\=-60+126-66\\=0

Clearly [ u v w ] = 0

So the given points are CO-PLANAR.

18. If r=xi+yj+zk then prove that, div r =3 and curl r = 0

Ans) Del = id/dx + j d/dy + k d/dz
So it's simply the dot product of

Del o r

= dx/dx + dy/dy + dz/dx

=1+1+1

=3

Remember that

ioi=1

ioj=0
i o k =0

joj=1

kok=1

Where i j k are unit vectors perpendicular to each other

15. If r = a cost i+asint j+ t k then finddr/dt and |dr/dt|.

Ans)

14. If r = (1-cos t) i+(t-sin t) j then find dr/dt.

Sectin c

24. Show that the plane 2x-4y-z+3 = 0 touches the paraboloids x2 - 2y2=3z, find the point of contact.
Ans) 1) We have,

2x - 4y - z + 3 = 0 \\ {x}^{2} - 2 {y}^{2} = 3z

Put value of z from plane in Paraboloids,

Then,

{x}^{2} - 2 {y}^{2} = 3(2x - 4y + 3) \\ = > {x}^{2} - 6x - 2 {y}^{2} + 12y - 9 = 0 \\ - - - (1)

If both the graph touches each other, then Discriminant of this quadratic in x must be 0 .

=>

{6}^{2} - 4 \times 1 \times ( - 2 {y}^{2} + 12y - 9) = 0 \\ = > 9 - (12y - 2 {y}^{2} - 9) = 0 \\ = > {y}^{2} - 6y
+ 9 = 0 \\ = > {(y - 3)}^{2} = 0 \\ = > y = 3

2) Substitute value of y in equation. (1) ,

{x}^{2} - 6x + 12(3) - 2( {3}^{2} ) - 9 = 0 \\ = > {x}^{2} - 6x + 9 = 0 \\ = > {(x - 3)}^{2} = 0 \\ = > x = 3

3) Substitute value of x & y in equation. of plane.

2(3) - 4(3) - z + 3 = 0 \\ = > z = - 3

Hence, Point of contact : (3,3,-3)

We got one point of contact of two surfaces,

=> Both curves touch each other at one point.

21. Find the distance of points (1,-2,3)from plane x-y+z = 5 measured parallel to straight. Line: x/2 =
y/3 = (z-1)/-6.
Ans)
23. If vector r×dr = 0, then show that vector r is constant.
Ans)
Then,

Hence Proved.

22. If da/dt = c×a, db/dt = c×b, then show that: d/dt[a×b] = c×(a×b).

SECTION A

1.C

2.B

3.A

4.D

5.C

6.A

7.C
8.B

9.C

10.B