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Prof. Ed. 101 Module 2 The Teaching Profession 1
Prof. Ed. 101 Module 2 The Teaching Profession 1
Module No.2
MODULE OVERVIEW
Hence, education during that time was geared toward their needs. Because of colonization by
several foreign countries and several historical events, our education underwent several changes
although we also retained some of the ancient teachings which are practical even during our time.
With the country’s celebration of independence in 1946, scarcely seven decades ago, have come
every aspect of educational system in line with the new status of a new nation seeking to achieve
and maintain political and economic independence and to fashion a nation truly united out of social
and cultural diversities.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
LEARNING CONTENTS
A. Historical Foundations
1. Global
a. Ancient Period - In the ancient system of education, which primarily took place in gurukuls or
ashrams, the students were meant to observe strict discipline. They were meant to follow.
b. Middle/Medieval Period – it was often conducted by the Church. ... Very few girls, if any,
were educated at proper institutions, most girls were taught basic reading and writing at their own
homes. The students were taught seven liberal arts; Latin, grammar, rhetoric, logic, astronomy,
philosophy and mathematics.
c. Renaissance Period- the Humanists of the Renaissance created schools to teach their ideas and
wrote books all about education. ... Education during the Renaissance was mainly composed of
ancient literature and history, as it was thought that the classics provided moral instruction and an
intensive understanding of human behavior.
d. Modern/Contemporary Period- is the implementation of learning activities which draw upon
students' experiences, both in and out of the classroom, thus helping them to recognize that they
are developing specific skills which they perceive to be significant for the world outside of school.
John Amos Comenius is the Father of Modern Education
2. Local
a. Pre-colonial Period- during the pre-colonial period, most children were provided with solely
vocational training, which was supervised by parents, tribal tutors or those assigned for specific,
specialized roles within their communities (for example, the babaylan). The cultural achievements
of pre-colonial Philippines include those covered by the prehistory and the early history (900–
1521) of the Philippine archipelago's inhabitants, the indigenous forebears of today's Filipino
people.
d. Post-colonial Period- U.S colonial rule of the archipelago was loosened during the
Commonwealth Period of 1935-1946, a period after which the Philippines gained its independence.
It is the historical period or state of affairs representing the aftermath of Western colonialism; the
term can also be used to describe the concurrent project to reclaim and rethink the history and
agency of people subordinated under various forms of imperialism. This is also known as
contemporary period.
B. Legal Foundations
It is important for us to be knowledgeable on the legal bases because it serves as a guide for us
teachers on how to properly deal with our students. Legal bases are provisions that gives
limitations to both the teacher and students to avoid instances that may violate the rights of the two
parties. Understanding these legal bases could help us in knowing what are the things that a teacher
must do and vice versa. as we know, innocence does not excuse anyone to the Law. sometimes
teacher do bad or illegal things because they are not aware of the law. but that should not be an
excuse, because as a professional teacher, it is expected to know all the legal basis that is
connected to education. to avoid wrong practices and to be aware of the real goal and meaning of
Education in our country.
1. What is Law?
a. Definition and nature
Law is the system of rules which a particular country or community recognizes as regulating the
actions of its members and which it may enforce by the imposition of penalties. In regards to the
nature of Law, it is an instrument which regulates human conduct/behavior. Law means Justice,
Morality, Reason, Order, and Righteous from the view point of the society. Law means Statutes,
Acts, Rules, Regulations, Orders, and Ordinances from point of view of legislature.
b. Typologies
There are many different branches of law including corporate law, property and
taxation law through to media, environmental health and international law. All types of law have
far-reaching effects and help to shape politics, economics and society in numerous ways.
1. Criminal law
Criminal law concerns itself with finding and punishing people who have broken the law by
committing crimes. The goal of criminal law is to uncover the true perpetrator of a crime and exact
justice. Criminal law includes a wide range of crimes, from homicides to pirating copyrighted
material.
2. Corporate law
Corporate law is the system of criminal justice that makes sure businesses adhere to local
and federal regulations for conducting business legally. Paralegals in this specialty might work for
a single corporation as part of their in-house legal team, or they might work for a firm that works
with many corporate clients.
3. International law
International law governs the interactions between different countries. These laws are
designed to promote trade and to keep all citizens safe. International law often deals with issues
related to preserving the environment, establishing basic human rights and regulating trade.
4. Commercial law
Commercial law—sometimes called trade law or business law—deals with commerce, trade
and consumer transactions. This broad legal field includes areas like bankruptcy, contracts,
mortgages and real estate, consumer credit and banking.
5. Family law
This type of law handles cases related to family relationships, such as divorce and child
custody, adoption and termination of parental rights. These cases often involve children, and some
surround difficult circumstances, such as child abuse or domestic violence.
6. Constitutional law
This area of law includes any legal proceedings related to upholding or interpreting the U.S.
Constitution. Court cases might surround issues like due process, civil rights or freedom of speech.
7. Labor law
Labor laws oversee the relationship between employers and employees. Their goal is to
ensure that employees aren’t taken advantage of by corporations, which typically have more
bargaining power or resources than an individual employee. Labor laws govern issues like
collective bargaining, unionization, benefits dispute and more.
Intellectual property (IP) refers to intangible creative works or inventions that are protected
by copyrights, trademarks or patents. These laws work to protect creators from copyright
infringement.
b.Statutes - including Acts of Congress, municipal charters, municipal legislation, court rules,
administrative rules and orders, legislative rules and presidential issuances.
f. Legal Opinion - also known as an 'opinion letter', a legal opinion is given in the form of a letter
issued by a law firm expressing legal conclusions and/or analysis of a specific transaction. The
recipient of the opinion will then rely on its contents as a basis for entering into the transaction.
The practice of submitting and voting on resolutions is a typical part of business in Congres
s, state legislatures, and other public assemblies. These bodies use resolutions for two purpo
ses. First, resolutions express their consensus on matters of public policy: lawmakers routin
ely deliver criticism or support on a broad range of social issues, legal rights, court opinions
,and even decisions by the ExecutiveBranch. Second, they pass resolutions for internal, ad
ministrative purposes. Resolutions are not laws; they differ fundamentally in their purpose.
However, under certain circumstances resolutions can have the effect of law.
The beliefs and experiences of education today rest on the history of the field of endeavor.
By knowing what accomplishments of leaders in the past, today's educators attempt to build on their
achievements. Therefore, the study of history of education helps teachers in training to appreciate the
various aspects of their past educational process so as to link them to the present. It also gives teachers
in training a solid foundation to plan for our present and future educational development. Likewise,
studying history enables us to develop better understanding of the world in which we live. Building
knowledge and understanding of historical events and trends, especially over the past century, enables
us
to develop a much greater appreciation for current events today.
In terms of legal foundations of education, it is important to know the legal bases of education
as a teacher because it serves as our direction in terms of teaching and on how to address and meeting
with
our pupils. It is also important to know the educational laws for us to know what are the rights,
privileges,
duties and responsibilities as a teacher in the industry of education. It also helps us to know what are
the
things we must consider especially in doing things that are related in education, to know also what are
the
restriction of a teacher with her pupils.
c. Curriculum and Instruction- is a field within education which pursue to research, develop, and
implement curriculum changes that increase student achievement within and outside schools. The
field focuses on how students learn and the best ways to educate.
LEARNING POINTS
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Review Exercises
Activity 1.1 Use Venn diagram in order to differentiate Historical Foundations of education
between the following:
Review Exercises
Activity 1.2 Identification: Write the correct answer before each number.
__________________1. A period after which the Philippines gained its independence where
U.S colonial rule of the archipelago was loosened during the Commonwealth Period of 1935-
1946.
__________________3. During this period, most children were provided with solely vocational
training, which was supervised by parents, tribal tutors or those assigned for specific,
specialized roles within their communities.
__________________5. It is the system of criminal justice that makes sure businesses adhere to
local and federal regulations for conducting business legally.
__________________6. A law governs the interactions between different countries. These laws
are designed to promote trade and to keep all citizens safe.
REFERENCES
Pawilen ,Greg T..Copyright 2019.Teaching Profession Passion and Mission Second Edition.REX Bookstore
Publishing Co.