BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4

WEEK 7

Ar. Don G. De Vera, uap

 Covered under previous lecture:
• General Requirements
• Civil Works
•Excavation
•Backfilling and Compaction
• Concrete Proportion
• Estimate on Concrete Slab
• Estimate on Reinforced Concrete
• Estimate on Post and Footing
• Estimate on Rectangular Beam and Girder
• Estimate on Masonry
• Estimate on Cement Mortar
• Estimate on Plastering
• Estimate on Reinforced Concrete Hollow Blocks
• Estimate on Tie Wire for Concrete Hollow Blocks Reinforcement
• Estimate on Independent Footing
• Estimate on Lateral Ties
 ESTIMATE
(RECTANGULAR BEAM AND
GIRDER)
 Find the volume of the beam
Volume Volume = Thickness X width X Length
V = 5pcs x .25x .40x 8.00 span
V = 4cubic meters

GIRDER Find the volume of the girder

V= 2pcs x .40x .60 x 16.00m span
16.00M V = 7.68 cu.m
Total number of beam and girder
8.00M

V = 4+7.68
V = 11.68 cubic meters

BEAM

GIRDER
40
25
Using 40kg Cement class A mixture
40 60
Cement:11.68x 9.0 = 105.12 bags
Sand: 11.686x 0.50 = .5.56cu.m
Gravel: 11..68 x 1.0 = 11.68 cu.m
BEAM GIRDER
 By Linear meter Find the length of the beam
5pcs x 8.00m = 40.00 meters
method Refer to table of beam and girder column
size 25x40cm under 40kg class A
GIRDER concrete
Cement:40x 9.0 = 36 bags
16.00M Sand: 40x 0.050 = 2 cu.m
Gravel: 40x .100 = 4 cu.m
8.00M

Find total length of the girder

16m X 2pcs = 32meter

Use table beam, girder size 40x60 cm under 40kg class A

BEAM Cement:32x2.160= 69.12 bags
Sand: 32x .120 =3.84 cu.m
Gravel: 32 x .240 = 7.68 cu.m

Summarized
GIRDER Cement:36+69.12 = 105.12 or 106bags
Sand: 2+3.84 = 5.84cu.m
40 Gravel: 4 x 7.68 = 11.68 cu.m
25

40 60

BEAM GIRDER
QUANTITY OF CEMENT, SAND and GRAVEL FOR POST
BEAM AND GIRDER PER METER LENGHT
 ESTIMATE
(STIRRUPS FOR BEAM AND
GIRDER)
 Specify the use of 10mm open stirrups
spaced as shown. If there are 16 beams
with same design, find the materials
required for the stirrups

SOLUTION:
- Direct counting

There are 17 stirrups at 99cm long or

1.00 meter

Find the total number of stirrups

17x 16 beams = 272pieces

Using commercial standard

6/1.00 = 6pieces

272/6 = 45.3 or 46pcs @10mm X

6.00meters long

Stirrups on Beam
 ESTIMATE
(One way Slab and Two way slab)
In reinforced concrete construction, the slab is an extensively used
structural element forming floors and roofs. A concrete slab is the
plane element having the depth d much smaller than
its span and width.

It may be supported by reinforced concrete beam,

by masonry wall or directly by column.

Types of Slabs
Slabs are classified according to the system of supports as:
1. One-way slabs,
2. Two-way slabs,
3. Flat slabs supported directly on the column
without beams,
4. Circular and non-rectangular slabs,
5. Grid or Waffle slabs.
One way Slab
Reinforced Bar can be computed
1. Direct Counting
2. Area Method

Determine the floor area:

Area: 5.70 x 5.50 = 31.35 square meters

Using 6.00 meters long steel bars at 15cm spacing distance

31.35 x 2.584 = 81 pieces

@12mmx6.00meters
 Solving the Tie Wires at .30cm long
1. Direct Counting
2. Area Method

Determine the floor area:

Area: 5.70 x 5.50 = 31.35 square meters

Using 6.00 meters long steel bars at 15cm spacing distance

31.35 x .228=
7.15 or 8kg #16 GI
wires
Two way slab
 ESTIMATE
(FORMS, SCAFFOLDINGS AND
STAGING)
Plywood thickness: 4, 6,12, 20, 25mm

Size: .90x1.80 and 1.20x2.40 meters

Formula for square and rectangular form: P= 2(a+b) +.20

P= Lateral perimeter of the column

a= shorter side of the column
b= the longer side of the column
.20 = constant value for the lapping of form joints
1. Formula for square and rectangular form:
P= 2(a+b) +.20
If 2”x2” wood frame will be used,
P= 2 (.30+.30) +.20 multiplier is 29.67 board foot
P = 1.40m
2 Multiply P by column height and number of column If 2”x3” lumber – multiplier is
A = 1.40x 4.00x 6 coulmns 44.50 board foot
A= 33.6 sq.m
3. Divide by 2.88
33.6/ 2.88 = 11.7 or 12pieces
 FORMS for Circular Column
Formula : C= 3.1416 x diameter x Height x no. Of columns
1. Solve the circumference of one column
C= 3.1416 x .60m = 1.88 meters

2. Multiply by column height

A= 1.88 x 4.00 = 7.52 sq.m

3. Find the area of the 8 columns
Total surface area = 7.52x 8 = 60.16sq,m
4. Find the number of sheet using 1.20x2.40 black
sheet
No. Of sheet: 60.16x .347 = 21 pieces
5. Find the number of vertical support at 15cm
spacing distance
Vert. Support : 60.16x25 = 1504 meters
6. Convert commercial length if steel bars say 6.00
meter long
1504/ 6 = 251 pieces
7. Circumferential Ties
Ties: 60.16x 9.52 = 572.7 or 573 meters
8. Convert commercial length say at 6.00
573/6.00 = 95.5 or 96 pieces
FORM FOR BEAM AND GIRDER

Formula for Beam and Girder P= 2(d)+b +.10

P= Perimeter of two sides form

d= the two side forms
b= the bottom forms
.10 = constant value for the lapping of form
10 concrete beams with cross section of
.30x.60 has a uniform clear span of
4.50meters. Using ¼” 4’x8’ plywood form
on 2”x2” lumber frame.

1. Find the lateral perimeter of the beam:

P= 2(d) +b +.10

P= 2 (.60) + .30 + .10

P = 1.60m
2 Multiply P by length and number of beams
A = 1.60x 4.50x 10 beam
A= 72 sq.m
3. Divide by 2.88
72/ 2.88 = 25 pieces

4. Solving 2”x2” wood frame

under column beam using 6mm ¼”
thick plywood on 2”x2” frame
25x25.06 = 626 bd.ft.

Order: 25 pieces 1/4 “ x 4’x8’ plywood form

626 board foot 2”x2” lumber
 Scaffolding
Given: Scaffolding for concrete slab
9 Reinforced concrete column Area of concrete slab
4.00 meters height A= 4.5x4.00x 4 units = 72sq.m
Determine: required scaffolding – Using table: 2”x3” support
2”x3” vertical support 72x9.10 = 655bd.ft
2”x2” Horizontal and Diagonal Braces
Floor Slab forms
1. Scaffolding for Columns Find the floor area:
Total length of 9 columns A= (4.50x4.00x4 units) = 72sq.m
4.00x9 (columns) = 36 meters
2. Using table: 2”x3” vertical support By 2.88 covering of one plywood
36 x 7.00 = 252 Bd.Ft (2”x3”x14ft) 72/2.88 = 25pcs 4’x8’ marine plywood
3. Using table: 2”x2”
36x21 = 756bd.ft (2”x2” lumber)
4. Using table for diagonal braces
36x11.7 = 421 bd.ft 2”x2” lumber

Scaffolding for beams

Find the total length of beams
(4.50x6) + (4.00x6) = 51 meters
vertical support using 2”x3” lumber
51x6= 306bd.ft
Horizontal support using 2”x2”
51x4.70 = 240bd.ft
ESTIMATE ARCHITECTURAL
(TILE WORKS
Given:
10x20cm glazed wall tiles
20x20cm unglazed floor tiles
cement for mortar
white cement for joint filler

1. Solve for wall area

A= 1.50x (5.00+3.00) = 12sq.m

Area of tiles .10x.20 = .02sq.m

divide wall area

12/.02 = 600 pieces 10x20 (4”x8” glazed tiles)

2. Same with floor tiles (A= 15sq.m) = 375 pieces

3. Solving for Cement Mortar

Total area of wall and floor = 12+15 = 27sq.m

Use table for cement mortar

Cement Mortar: 27x .086 = 2.3 or 3 bags
White cement filler: 27x.50 = 13.5 or 14 kg.
Given:
7.00x9.00
30x30 vinyl tiles

1. Solve for floor area

A= 7.00x 9.00 = 63sq.m

using 30x30 vinyl tiles

63sq.m x 11.11 = 700 pieces

Solve for the adhesive

63x .042 = 2.65 or 3 gallons

 FINAL PLATE
1. Structural
2. Architectural
3. Electrical
4. Plumbing
f3

f3

f3 f3
1 2 2

1 1

1
B2 - girder