SOESDYKE SECONDARY SCHOOL LESSON PLAN

Subject: Integrated Science Grade: 9

Topic: The Microscope Time:

Date: Week 1

Previous Knowledge: Students have a fair knowledge about microscopes.

Specific Content Teacher’s Learner’s Resources Evaluation

Objectives Activity Activity
With the use  View Science In Worksheets
of a slide and microscope Daily Life
at the end of slides and Book 1
the lesson samples to
students will observe, Youtube.com-  A research
be able to allowing The project
answer at least them to Microscope- where
2 of the practice Amoeba students
following: using a Sisters investigate a
microscope specific use
1). Definition An optical instrument **Introduction:** and apply of
of a used for viewing very - Discuss the what microscopes
microscope small objects, such as importance of in science or
they've
mineral samples or studying objects industry and
too small to be learned
animal or plant cells, present their
typically magnified seen with the
naked eye. findings to
several hundred times.
- Explain that the class.
microscopes are Completion
essential tools for of
scientists to worksheets
explore the
microscopic
world.
- Mention the Drawing
historical and labeling
development of
of the
microscopes.
microscope
 **Types of
2). State types Microscopes:**
of
microscopes 1. **Light
Microscopes:**
   - Use visible light to
magnify specimens.
   - Suitable for observing
living cells and larger
objects.
   - Explain the basic
parts of a light
microscope: objective
lens, eyepiece, and stage.

2. **Compound
Microscopes:**
   - Have multiple lenses
for higher magnification.
   - Discuss the function
of the objective lenses
and how to switch
between them.
   - Explain the total
magnification (eyepiece
magnification × objective
magnification).

3. **Electron
Microscopes:**
   - Use electron beams
instead of light.
   - Discuss Transmission
Electron Microscopes
(TEM) and Scanning
Electron Microscopes
(SEM).
   - Mention their
extremely high
magnification
capabilities.
**Using a
Microscope:**
- Demonstrate
how to prepare a
**1. Prepare the microscope slide
Microscope:**
    - Place the microscope with a sample.
on a clean, stable surface. - Explain proper
   - Ensure the focusing
3). Outline the microscope and slide are techniques
correct steps in clean and free of dust. (coarse and fine
which to use a adjustment
**2. Turn On the knobs).
microscope
Microscope:** - Emphasize the
   - If it has a light source, need for careful
turn it on and adjust the handling of
intensity as needed. microscope slides
to avoid damage.
**3. Choose the Right
Objective Lens:**
   - Start with the lowest- **Applications:**
power objective lens - Discuss various
(usually 4x) for initial fields where
viewing. microscopes are
used: biology,
**4. Place the Slide:** medicine,
   - Carefully place your materials science,
prepared microscope forensics, and
slide on the stage. Use more.
the stage clips to secure it - Share examples
in place. of what can be
observed with
**5. Adjust the Stage:** microscopes, such
   - Use the coarse as cells, bacteria,
adjustment knob to raise and
the stage until the nanomaterials.
objective lens is close to
the slide but doesn't
touch it.

**6. Look Through the

Eyepiece:**
   - Look through the
eyepiece and focus on
the specimen using the
coarse adjustment knob.
Keep both eyes open for
better comfort and depth
perception.

**7. Refine the Focus:**

   - Use the fine
adjustment knob for
precise focusing until the
image is sharp and clear.

**8. Change Objective

Lenses (Optional):**
   - If higher
magnification is needed,
switch to a higher-power
objective lens (e.g., 10x,
40x, 100x) while keeping
the specimen in focus.

**9. Adjust the

Lighting:**
   - Adjust the light
intensity if necessary to
optimize the brightness
of the specimen.

**10. Observe and

Record:**
   - Carefully observe the
specimen, noting its
details and structures.
   - If desired, use a
pencil to sketch what you
see or take photographs
through the eyepiece.

**11. Return to Low

Power:**
   - Before turning off the
microscope, switch back
to the lowest-power
objective lens.

**12. Turn Off the

Microscope:**
   - Turn off the light
source (if applicable).
   - Power off the
microscope.

**13. Clean Up:**

   - Remove the slide
from the stage and return
it to its storage.
    - Clean the lenses with
lens paper to remove any
residue.
   - Cover or store the *Importance of
microscope properly to Microscopes:**
protect it from dust and - Explain how
damage. microscopes have
revolutionized
science by
enabling the
discovery of
Important for: previously
4). State the *drug development, unknown
importance of education, forensics, structures and
a microscope historical/archaeological organisms.
research, revealing the - Discuss their
unseen and for medical role in medical
diagnostics diagnosis and
treatment.

Explain the
function of each
part accordingly

5). Label the

1. **Eyepiece (Ocular
parts of a Lens):**
microscope    - Function: The
and state the eyepiece is where you
function of look through to observe
about 4 parts the specimen. It typically
provides 10x
magnification.

2. **Objective Lenses:**
   - Function: Objective
lenses are located on a **Conclusion:**
rotating nosepiece and - Summarize the
provide various levels of key points of the
magnification (e.g., 4x, lesson.
10x, 40x, 100x). They - Encourage
are used to zoom in on students to
the specimen. appreciate the
significance of
3. **Nosepiece microscopes in
(Revolving Turret):** scientific
   - Function: The research.
nosepiece holds and
allows you to switch
between different
objective lenses easily,
changing the
magnification.

4. **Stage:**
   - Function: The stage is
a platform where you
place the microscope
slide (with the specimen)
for observation.

5. **Stage Clips:**
   - Function: These clips
secure the microscope
slide in place on the
stage, preventing it from
moving while you
observe the specimen.

6. **Coarse Adjustment
Knob:**
   - Function: The coarse
adjustment knob moves
the stage up and down,
allowing you to focus on
the specimen initially.

7. **Fine Adjustment
Knob:**
   - Function: The fine
adjustment knob
provides precise focusing
by making small,
incremental adjustments
to the focus.
8. **Diaphragm (Iris
Diaphragm):**
   - Function: The
diaphragm controls the
amount of light passing
through the specimen,
regulating its brightness
and contrast.

9. **Condenser Lens:**
   - Function: The
condenser lens focuses
light onto the specimen,
enhancing illumination
and image quality.

10. **Light Source

(Illuminator):**
    - Function: The light
source (usually a bulb or
LED) provides the
illumination needed to
view the specimen.

11. **Base:**
    - Function: The base
provides stability and
support for the entire
microscope.

12. **Arm:**
    - Function: The arm
connects the base to the
head and allows you to
carry and hold the
microscope.

13. **Rack and

Pinion:**
    - Function: The rack
and pinion mechanism
helps raise and lower the
stage for coarse focusing.

14. **Body Tube:**

    - Function: The body
tube connects the
 eyepiece to the objective
lenses, maintaining the
proper distance for
focusing.

15. **Revolving
(Rotating) Head:**
(Common in some
microscopes)
    - Function: In
microscopes with
binocular heads, the head
can rotate to
accommodate different
users.

Signature of Teacher: Joshua Banwarie Date: 04 September 4, 2023

Signature of Head of Department: ____________________ Date: _____________________