GRAMMAR

FOR TOEFL
SENTENCE WITH MULTIPLE CLAUSES: COMPOUND
SENTENCE, NOUN CLAUSE AND ADVERBIAL CLAUSE,
PRACTICE
 CONTENTS
TABLE OF
01 COMPOUND
SENTENCE

02 NOUN CLAUSE AND

ADVERBIAL CLAUSE

03 PRACTICE
SENTENCE WITH MULTIPLE
CLAUSES: COMPOUND
SENTENCE, NOUN CLAUSE,
AND ADVERBIAL CLAUSE

01
Problem 1. Use coordinate connectors correctly

Many sentences in English have more than one clause (a group of words containing a subject and a
verb). Whenever you find a sentence with more than one clause, you need to make sure they are
joined correctly. Coordinate connectors include and, but, or, so, and yet.

Example:
• Tom is singing, and Paul is dancing. 7 coordinate connectors
• Tom told a joke, so Paul laughed.
FANBOYS
• Tom is tall, but Paul is short.
• Tom must write the letter, or Paul will do it. For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So
• Tom is tired, yet he is not going to sleep.
Decide if the following sentences are correct or incorrect
and find a clue that tells you if the sentences are joined
correctly.

1. So the quality of the print was not good, I changed the typewriter ribbon.
____

2. The phone rang again and again, so the receptionist was unable to get
much work done. ____

3. The missing wallet was found, but the cash and credit cards had been
removed. ____

4. They are trying to sell their house, it has been on the market for two
months. ____

5. You can drive your car only for another 2,000 miles, or you can leave it
and have it fixed . ____
Problem 2. Use adverb ‘time’ and ‘cause’ connectors correctly

For adverb clauses, pay attention to the

position of the connector. When the connector Time Cause
comes at the beginning of the sentence, a
comma is required in the middle of the 1. After 1. Because
sentence. However, when the connector comes 2. Before 2. Since
in the middle of the sentence, no comma is 3. As 3. As
4. As long as 4. Inasmuch as
used.
5. As soon as 5. Now that
6. By the time
Examples: 7. Once
8. Since
• I will fix the microwave once the equipment 9. Until
arrives. 10. When
• Once the equipment arrives, I will fix the 11. While
microwave.
Problem 3. Use other adverb connectors correctly

Functions Connectors Examples

• If
• In case If you study hard, you are most likely to
Condition
• Unless pass the exam.
• Whether or not

• Although
• Even though John arrived at 2 p.m. while Smith
Contrast
• While arrived one hour later.
• whereas

• As if She walked into the ballroom as if she

Manner
• In that was a princess.

• Where The boy always follows wherever his

Place
• Wherever mother goes.
Decide if the following sentences are correct or incorrect
and find a clue that tells you if they use the correct
connectors or not.

1. We can start the conference now that all participants have arrived. ____

2. The mother is going to be quite upset with her son as long as he misbehaves so much. ____

3. I will wait here in the airport with you whether the plane leaves on time or not. ____

4. We did not go out to dinner even though I would have preferred not to cook. ____

5. No one is admitted to the academy if he or she provides education requirements.

6. This form still needs to be notarized whereas most of the documents are complete. ____

7. As the nurse already explained all visitors must leave the hospital room now. ________

8. Though it was pouring down, everyone got to the ceremony on time. ____
Problem 4. Use noun clause connectors correctly

A noun clause is a clause that functions as a noun. Because it is a noun, it is used in a sentence as
either an object of a verb, an object of a preposition, or the subject of the sentence.

Examples:
• I don’t understand what he said.
• He is thinking of what time he will leave for Canada.
• What you wear shows your personality.

The connectors used in a noun clause are mostly question words:

What, when, where, how, why, etc
Problem 4. Use noun clause connectors correctly
Decide if the following sentences are correct or incorrect
and find a clue that tells you if they use the correct
connectors or not.

1. They talked about where they should go for lunch. _____

2. Why the condition of the patient deteriorated rapidly it was not

explained. ____

3. The professor has not yet decided when the paper is due. ____

4. The schedule indicated if the teams would be playing in the final game.
____
5. He always talked with whomever he pleased and did whatever he
wanted. ____
Problem 5. Use noun clause connectors/subjects correctly

In some cases, a noun clause connector is not just a connector. A noun clause connector can be
the subject of the clause at the same time.

Examples:
• I don’t know what is in the box.
• We are talking about who will go for groceries.
• Whoever comes late must do the dishes.

Noun clause connectors/subjects:

Who, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever.
Problem 5. Use noun clause connectors/subjects correctly
Decide if the following sentences are correct or incorrect
and find a clue that tells you if they use the correct
connectors or not.

1. The employee was unhappy about what was added to his job
description. ____

2. Whoever wants to take the desert tour during spring break signing up at
the office. ____

3. You should buy whatever the cheapest and most durable. ____

4. You can spend your time with whoever is important to you. ____

5. The man was unable to discover who he had struck his car. ____
TOEFL
PRACTICE

02
TOEFL Practice: Part A

1. The president of the United States appoints 2. _________ sucked groundwater from below,
the cabinet members, ________ appointments some parts of the city have begun to sink as
are subject to Senate approval. much as ten inches annually.
A. Their A. Pumps have
B. With their B. As pumps have
C. Because their C. so pumps have
D. But their D. With pumps

3. If ultraviolet radiation enters the earth’s

4. ________ in the first draft of the budget will
atmosphere, _______ generally blocked by the
not necessarily be in the final draft.
ozone concentrated in the atmosphere.
A. Although it appears
A. it
B. It appears
B. It is
C. What appears
C. So it is
D. Despite its appearance
D. Then it
TOEFL Practice: Part B
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.

1. Although a kangaroo normally uses its large feet and strong legs for hopping, but it can also swim.
A B C D
2. Despite they are small, ponies are strong and have great stamina..
A B C D
3. Most scholars are unsure whether the wheel was first used by potters in Mesopotamia and in the central parts of Europe.
A B C D
4. So will be carried in the next space shuttle payload has not yet been announced to the public.
A B C D
5. Scientists are now beginning to conduct experiments on how does noise pollution triggers different sorts of health risks.
A B C D
6. Some neural theories show the relations among neurons, they do not preclude the possibility that other aspects are important.
A B C D
THANK YOU
AND LET’S
DISCUSS