Standard Focus

AA.GSR.7: Develop an introductory understanding of the unit circle; solve trigonometric equations
using the unit circle.

Mild Intellectual Impairment

Low Tech Tool Options

Models and Manipulatives: The use of models and manipulatives of the unit circle and special
triangles could provide struggling students with a geometric understanding which words and algebra
may struggle to convey. It could be of particular use for struggling students who are lost during
lectures.

Personal Whiteboards: Teachers could provide students with personal whiteboards to give more
opportunities to express thinking and problem solve with the unit circle. This could allow teachers to
better aid students with mild intellectual impairments by giving insight into misunderstandings and
difficulties students are having so that targeted assistance can be given.

High Tech Tool Options

Online Assessment Tools: If a teacher employs the use of online assessment tools, it could both
provide rich data for the teacher to analyze student learning progress in addition to providing more
practice and feedback for students who need it.

Video Conferencing Tools: Where further student assistance is needed, it may help to employ video
conferencing tools to tutor struggling students virtually outside of normal class time. This could help
with students who need help that may not be able to stay after school in person.

App Options

Tinkercad: Allows students to directly interact with math manipulatives and express their intelligence
in multiple ways. In other words, it opens multiple gateways of entry and exits.

Kahoot: Gamifies assessment of the unit circle and solving trigonometric expressions/equations. In this
context, I may tweak the Kahoot to ask more conceptual questions that provide more than one answer,
allowing the students to go into discourse about their answer.

Universal Design Ideas

(UDL Wheel)
- Provides learners with as much discretion & autonomy as possible by providing choices in
level of challenge, types of tools used, and sequence or timing of tasks.

(UDL Wheel)
- Break long-term goals into reachable short-term objectives.
Attention Disorder

Low Tech Tool Options

Geometric Shapes: Providing students with manipulative geometric shapes is a good way to aid in a
visual and geometric understanding of the unit circle in absence of technological options.

Flashcards: The creation and use of flashcards can be a great way to remember critical values on the
unit circle. This could be especially valuable for students who struggle to remember from lessons alone
and need some extra repetition.

High Tech Tool Options

Visual Math Presentations: While teaching lessons on the unit circle, it may be particularly effective
to employ visual math presentations especially when introducing the content. Making important visual
connections early builds a foundation for understanding students can think back to during more word
and notation heavy parts of the unit where attention may waver.

Gamification Platforms: Using gamification platforms to help students study the unit circle may
particularly help students who struggle with attention otherwise. Gamification can provide rapid
feedback while aiding in student motivation.

App Options

Desmos: The online graphing calculator Desmos can be used to provide clean visual representations for
the unit circle, and experienced users can even create interactive class activities through the platform.
The clarity gained through a visual understanding relies less on prolonged attention than algebra and
case by case memorization.

Kahoot: The website Kahoot can be used as a fun and engaging way to quiz students on the unit circle.
The competition and gamification Kahoot offers can motivate and hold the attention of students much
better than traditional formative assessments or worksheets do.

Universal Design Ideas

Difficulty Differentiation: It may help with the sustained effort and persistence from students to give a
variety of problem difficulties to students for the unit circle and trigonometry. Multiple points of entry
can help sustain attention both from high achieving students bored by simple problems and struggling
students who may be discouraged when starting with difficult ones.

Problem Solving Autonomy: Giving students open ended problems with autonomy in how to solve
them can help recruit interest that could easily be lost through repetitive guided work. Solving for
unknowns in an initially ambiguous situation may require strategic thinking rather than just procedural
execution.

Physical Impairment
Low Tech Tool Options

Alternative Grip Tools: Having pencil grips or marker grips are a great tool for students with physical
impairments as it allows students to hold and grasp a pencil or marker without as much difficulty and
can write their notes or answers to equations.

Non-Slip Mats: These can be put under a students notebook and allows for a student with physical
impairment to have their work space stabilized and will not let their pencils roll off the desk.

High Tech Tool Options

Interactive Math Software: When learning a concept in this case the unit circle having a visual and
auditory representation right in front of a student who has Mobility problems allows the student to
access it where they are without moving.

Touchscreen Devices: a touchscreen device does not need fine motor skills to operate thus allowing
students with Mobility problems an ease of access to use other programs and software to help
understand concepts being taught.

App Options

Assistive Touch: Assistive Touch offers virtual buttons that allow users to navigate a device without
actually having to touch it. Virtual home buttons, back buttons, screenshot buttons, and volume control
— even turning the device on and off — are suddenly simple tasks to perform. Available for Android
and iOS users.

Google Voice Access: A basic but very effective program located in most devices. This changes the
function of the device from being used via touch to being operated via your voice. This gives students
many voice commands for Basic navigation, Controlling the current screen and Text editing and
dictation.

Universal Design Ideas

(UDL Wheel) Options for Expressive Skills and Fluency:

- Compose in multiple medias such as text and speech
- Uses web-applications

(UDL Wheel) Options for Physical Action:

- Provides alternatives in the requirements for rate, timing, amplitude, and range of motion
action necessary to interact
- Provides alternatives for physically responding
- Uses alternative commands for navigation
Auditory Sensory Impairment

Low Tech Tool Options

Trigonometric Tables: Having a reference table of the equations used allows for a student with
auditory problems to not mishear what the formula they are using for an equation is and gives a visual
of the formula.

Math Manipulatives: Having a visual representation that a student with auditory problems can
manipulate and make connections of what is being taught to a physical object and can visualize what
the teacher means when they say adjacent or hypotenuse and thus can grasp the words mentioned to
them.

High Tech Tool Options

Noise-Canceling Headphones: When doing class work or taking a test allowing a student with
Auditory problems to wear noise canceling headphones will let students not get distracted by the noises
in the classroom.

Visual Math Presentations: While teaching any unit to a student with Auditory problems having a
visual presentation on the topic at hand in this case the unit circle with pictures allows for the student to
have a visual to connect the words being said back to thus the student can follow along to the words
without misunderstanding the information given.

App Options

Otter: Is an app on the phone which will record and transcribe what is being said in real time allowing
a student with Auditory problems to get real time captioning to follow along with what the teacher is
saying in the classroom.

Tinkercad: An online app/program that allows students to manipulate a virtual form of any shape
which can allow students with Auditory problems to have a visual representation of what the teacher is
explaining when it comes to a certain shape, in this case a right triangle or unit circle when doing
trigonometry.

Universal Design Ideas

(UDL Wheel) Options for Perception:

- Provide written transcripts for videos or auditory clips
- Provide visual diagrams, charts, notations of music or sound
- Use text equivalents in the form of captions or automated speech-to-text for spoken language

(UDL Wheel) Options for Language & Symbols:

- Present key concepts in one form of symbolic representation with an alternative form
Visual Sensory Impairment

Low Tech Tool Options

Handheld Magnifiers: To help students get a closer view of the symbols. Helps students focus on a
smaller scope of words/symbols instead of a broader view. This is very useful for getting precise
measures of a unit circle.

Math Manipulatives: That do not involve a lot of colors and they can directly interact with the
mathematics. As long as students are familiar with symbols and basic shapes, then they can use
physical math manipulatives to follow along in uncovering the coordinates of a unit circle.

High Tech Tool Options

Interactive White Boards: Students have full access to take notes, use UI in a way which helps them
learn. Interactive whiteboards are fully adaptable to most students which allows them to express their
mathematical ideas about deriving the unit circle and also solve trigonometric equations using it in
multiple means of representations.. It also creates multiple means of engagement. People with visual
sensory impairment also benefit from this since they can adapt the interactive white board to fit their
needs to express their ideas.

Learning Management System: Can make automated recommendations based off the user profile. So
students who have visual sensory impairment can get specific courses catered to them. For example,
they may get a different type of homework assignment that is similar to what the other students may do
but it would be very specific for them.

App Options

Audio recording software: Allows students to listen to the lecture. Allows students with severe Visual
Sensory Impairment to have an audio representation of the lecture and I could use it to go over steps of
deriving the unit circle.

Math Melodies: Allows students to engage with mathematics musically. Can use this to help them
engage with the material.

Universal Design Ideas

(UDL Wheel) Options for Perception:

- Use text equivalents in the form of captions or automated speech -to -text for spoken language

(UDL Wheel) Options for Language & Symbols:

- Clarify unfamiliar syntax (math formula or symbols) or underlying structures (in diagrams,
graphs, and illustration).
Second Language Learners

Low Tech Tool Options

Problem-Solving Journals: For students with difficulty understanding a process in one language, the
use of this particular journal aids them by letting them from the unit circle in their own words. A good
tool if technology is limited or non-existent for this particular unit.

Whiteboard: Having a whiteboard available for demonstration lets students with language barriers
physically see what is being demonstrated. A valuable tool to let students who want to ask questions in
another language to show where a point of confusion is located on the board for all to see.

High Tech Tool Options

Tablets and Laptops: With the use of Tablets and Laptops, many of these devices bring a plethora of
uses for students with language barriers. Whether it be for translating words of the teacher, seeing
examples online to correlate the lesson, or to learn via a program that speaks their primary language,
these technologies aid in any form of learning. This applies to the unit circle and solving for them.

Video Conferencing Tools: A good tool inside and outside of class. This lets students interface and
talk to peers/teachers inside and outside of the classroom so pacing can be maintained. This lets
students ask questions to the teacher anywhere and lets the teacher translate where needed or explain a
concept as needed.

App Options

Delta Math: Delta math is a phenomenal program that gives questions to students to answer and give
immediate feedback. As the program goes, it finetunes and adjusts as the student needs. For example, if
the student understands the unit circle well, they will advance to higher order questions and connect to
the next lesson. If not, the program will slow down and explain more thoroughly the lesson and give
more questions to see if the student understands. This lets those who understand better advance and
give more time for those who need it.

Nearpod: A program used to aid students in learning via use of videos, diagrams, and games to learn
from one single platform! This aids students who are multilingual to see connections made in the lesson
to help see the full picture. This can help students see the connections made from the unit circle and see
the basics.

Universal Design Ideas

(UDL Wheel) Options of Perception

- Use text equivalents in the form of captions or automated text-to-speech
- Provides visual diagrams to assist
- Varies the display of information via language

(UDL Wheel) Options for Recruiting Interest:

- Provides choices in the level of challenge the student want
- Provides tasks that ask for active participation