FUNCTIONS

PART 1
(REVISION FROM GRADE 11
ALL 4 GRAPHS)

GRADE 12
PAST EXAM PAPERS
EMAILBY
ADDRESS: melulekishabalala@gmail.com
MR M. SHABALALA CELLPHONE NUMBER: 0733318802 Page 1
@NOMBUSO
 1. STRAIGHT LINE (LINEAR)
A) FORM
 M in g L
 gradient/slope , is a y intercept
 iM
n n
INFORMATION FROM GRADIENT
 ′ ㄲ (g) straight line will be increasing ( / )
 ᆐ ㄲ ( ) straight line will be decreasing ( \ )
 M ㄲ straight line will be horizontal ( )
Distance M �೓ᚘ th ᚘ

 M ambriabm straight line will be vertical )

Distance M ᚘth tᚘᚘt

B) STEPS TO SKETCH OR DRAW

1) Shape if m g ( /) m (\)

2) – intercept , let M and - intercept , let n M and plot

3) Join the points.

C) DOMAIN AND RANGE

 DOMAIN possible values of n
 RANGE possible values of

D) DETERMINING EQUATION

1) Determine the gradient

2) Substitute gradient and another point to solve for L using
( M in g L ) where i is a gradient

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 2

 2. PARABOLA (QUADRATIC)
A) FORM
 M n g tn g L (standard form)
 M n g h g (turning point form)
e.g ੢n⪜ M n g g
Turning point (-3 ; 1)
 To write equation in turning point form we need to complete the square.
B) STEPS TO SKETCH OR DRAW
1) Shape if a g (  happy face) a (  sad face)
2) – intercept , let M and - intercept , let n M
3) Turning point (NEW)
t n mbriaLihr g n mbriaLihr
 Let n M or n M
 Substitute to the original equation.
Examples sketch. M n g ng and Mn ng

C) DOMAIN AND RANGE

 DOMAIN possible values of n
 RANGE possible values of
 coordinate at TP if g
 coordinate at TP if
D) INTERPRETE( EFFECT OF am h)
 ( affect shape if a g (  happy face) and a (  sad face) OR Size if is
bigger the graph gets narrow and if is smaller graph gets wider
 ( Shift graph up or down. gup and down
 h ( NEW Shift graph left or right. gright and left)
 (Will be done in questions) EXEMPLAR 2013 and
NB: MAXIMUM or MINIMUM – coordinate of turning point is responsible for this
If g graph will have a minimum and if graph will have maximum
n mbriaLihr g n mbriaLihr
 nM EXAMPLE NOVEMBER 2013
t
 AXIS OF SYMMETRY nM

E) DETERMINING EQUATION
1) Given Turning point g another point
Substitute turning point to M ੢n g h⪜ g , substitute point to get
2) Given any two points
Substitute both points separates and solve simultaneous.
3) intercepts g point.
Substitute to M ੢n a⪜੢n 萒⪜ and then substitute a point to get

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 3

 3. HYPERBOLA
A) FORM
 M g
ngh
h is the opposite of an asymptote (horizontal shift)
is y asymptote

EXAMPLE
ngl
 M write down the values of p and q and asymptotes
ng

B) STEPS TO SKETCH OR DRAW

1) Draw all asymptotes (values that will make function undefined)
2) Shape if a g ( 1st and 3rd quadrant) a ( 2nd and 4th )
2) – intercept , let M and - intercept , let n M
3) Asymptotes

C) INTERPRETE
EXAMPLE
l
n M
ng
1) ASYMPTOTES
Vertical asymptote M horizontal asymptote M

2) Axis of symmetry
M ng M n 耀 (with Negative gradient)
M ng Mng (with Positive gradient)

3) DOMAIN: h
RANGE : h

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 4

EXAMPLE 1
Given: ೓ M g
Determine:
a) Vertical and horizontal asymptotes.
b) The equation of the axis of symmetry with positive gradient and the one
with negative gradient.
c) Coordinates of n and intercepts.
d) Sketch the graph (NB! Start with asymptotes all the time as dotted lines)
e) Write down the domain and the range of the graph.
EXAMPLE 2(2010)
Given: n M g . The point A is the point of intersection of the asymptotes
n h
of . The graph of intersects the n- axis at ੢ ⪜. D is the -intercept of .

2.1 Write down the equations of the asymptotes of . (2)

2.2 Determine an equation of . (3)
2.3 Write down the coordinates of D. (2)
2.4 Write down an equation of if is the straight line joining A and D. (3)
2.5 Write down the coordinates of the other point of intersection of and . (4)
[14]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 5

EXAMPLE 3(2018)
n
Given: n M
ng

3.1 Show that n M (1)

ng
3.2 Write down the equations of the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of . (2)
3.3 Determine the intercepts of the graph of with the n-axes and -axes. (2)
3.4 Write down the value of L if M n g L is a line of symmetry to the graph of . (2)
[7]

EXAMPLE 4(2016)
Sketched below is the parabola , with equation n M n g ln and
a hyperbola , with equation n h gr M .

 B, the turning point of , lies at the point of intersection of the asymptotes of .

 A is the n-intercept of .

4.1 Show that the coordinates of B are (2)

4.2 Write down the range of . (1)
4.3 For which value(s) of n will ੢n⪜ ? (2)
4.4 Determine the equation of the vertical asymptote of the graph of if
n M ੢n g l⪜. (1)
4.5 Determine the values of h and r. (4)
4.6 Write down the values of n for which n ੢n⪜ (4)
[14]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 6
 4. EXPONENTIAL GRAPH
A) FORM
 M ੢t⪜ngh g
 It has got only 1 asymptote, important to know special features and how to sketch it
using table method.
EXAMPLE
M ੢ ⪜ng g

Asymptote M

h is NOT the asymptote.

B) STEPS TO SKETCH OR DRAW
1) Use table method to sketch

EXAMPLE 2(2013)
n
Given: n M n g ng and n M

2.1 Sketch the graphs of and on the same set of axes. (9)

2.2 Determine the average gradient of between n M and n M . (3)

2.3 For which value(s) of n is n ੢n⪜ ? (3)

2.4 Determine the value of L such that the n axis will be a tangent to the graph

of where n M n gL. (2)

2.5 Determine the intercept of r if r n M n g . (2)

2.6 The graph of is a reflection of about the axis. Write down the

equation of . (1)

[20]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 7

 5. GENERAL QUESTIONS
1) POINT OF INTERSECTION It is where graphs intersect, equate equations and solve
2) VALUES OF WHERE:
 ੢n⪜ ′ (Above the n – axis)
 ੢n⪜ ᆐ (below the n – axis)
੢n⪜
 ੢n⪜ ੢n⪜ ′ or ′ (where both graphs are negative/ both positive)
੢n⪜
੢n⪜
 ੢n⪜ ੢n⪜ ᆐ or ᆐ (where one graph is negative and one is positive)
੢n⪜
 n ੢n⪜ ′ 0 (Where n is positive and graph is also positive)
 n M ੢n⪜ (point of intersection where graphs are equal)
 n n M (point of intersection where graphs are equal)
n M ੢n⪜
 ੢n⪜ ′ ੢n⪜ (Where ੢n⪜ is above ੢n⪜
 n ੢n⪜ ′ (Where ੢n⪜ is above ੢n⪜
੢n⪜ ′ ੢n⪜
੢n⪜
 ੢n⪜ ੢n⪜ ′ or ′ (where both graphs and derivative have same signs)
੢n⪜
3) TRANSFORMATION OF ೓੢ ⪜
 ( ) ( reflect ( ) over y- axis change x)
 ( ) ( reflect ( ) over x- axis change y)
 ( g ) ( ( ) will be horizontally translated p units left ( ࢹ+) or
right ( ‫ܛ ܝ‬ ࢹ−))
 ( )g ( ( ) will be vertically translated q units up (+) or down (−))
 ( ) ( ( ) will be multiplied by a units )
 M ( ) (reflection about the line y = x)
3) AVERAGE GRADIENT AT A POINT
e.g Average gradient of ೓੢ ⪜ at n M and n M
੢ ⪜
gradient M
4) NATURE OF ROOTS FOR ೓ M‫ﰀ‬
Two real roots equal or 1 roots non real roots

‫ﰀ‬ᆐh ‫ﰀ‬Mh ‫ﰀ‬′h

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 8
QUESTION 1 (FEB/MARCH 2010)

Given: n Mn g

1.1 Write down the equations of the asymptotes of . (2)

1.2 Calculate the coordinates of the n- and - intercepts of . (3)

1.3 Sketch . Show all intercepts with the axes and the asymptotes. (3)
[8]

QUESTION 2 (FEB/MARCH 2010)

The graphs of n M n g ͹n g 耀 and n M n g l are sketched below.

and intersect in D and B. A and B are the n- intercepts of .

2.1 Determine the coordinates of A and B. (4)

2.2 Calculate , the n-coordinates of D. (4)

2.3 S n is a point on the graph of , where n 耀. ST is drawn parallel to

the -axis with T on the graph of . Determine ST in terms of n (2)
2.4 Calculate the maximum length of ST. (2)
[12]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 9

QUESTION 3 (NOVEMBER 2010)
Given: n M g . The point A is the point of intersection of the asymptotes
n h

of . The graph of intersects the n- axis at ੢ ⪜. D is the -intercept of .

3.1 Write down the equations of the asymptotes of . (2)

3.2 Determine an equation of . (3)

3.3 Write down the coordinates of D. (2)
3.4 Write down an equation of if is the straight line joining A and D. (3)
3.5 Write down the coordinates of the other point of intersection of and . (4)
[14]

QUESTION 4 (NOVEMBER 2010)

n
Consider the function n Ml .
4.1 Calculate the coordinates of the intercepts of with the axes. (4)

4.2 Write down the equation of the asymptote of . (1)

4.3 Sketch the graph of . (3)

4.4 Write down the equation of if g is the graph of shifted 2 units upwards. (1)
4.5 Solve for n if n M . (You need not to simplify your answer.) (3)
[12]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 10

QUESTION 5 (FEB/MARCH 2011)

Consider the function n Mn .

5.1 Write down the equations of the asymptotes of (2)

5.2 Calculate the intercepts of the graph of with the axes. (3)
5.3 Sketch the graph of (3)
5.4 Write down the range of M ੢n⪜. (1)

5.5 Describe, in words, the transformation of to if n M ng . (2)

[11]

QUESTION 6 (FEB/MARCH 2011)

A parabola intersects the n- axis at B and C and the - axis at E. The axis of symmetry
n ͹
of the parabola has equation n M . The line through E and C has equation n M .

6.1 Show that the coordinates of C are ͹ . (1)

6.2 Calculate the n-coordinates of B. (1)

6.3 Determine the equation of in the form M n h g . (6)

6.4 Write down the equation of the graph of , the reflection of in the n-axis. (1)
6.5 Write down the maximum value of r੢n⪜ if r n M ੢n⪜. (2)

6.6 Solve for n if n M (4)

[15]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 11
QUESTION 7 (NOVEMBER 2011)

7.1 Consider the function: n M

n

7.1.1 Calculate the coordinates of the -intercept of . (2)

7.1.2 Calculate the coordinates of the n-intercept of . (3)

7.1.3 Sketch the graph of in your ANSWER BOOK, showing clearly the
asymptotes and the intercepts with the axes. (4)
7.1.4 For which values of n is ੢n⪜ ′ ? (2)
7.1.5 Calculate the average gradient of between n M and n M . (4)

7.2 Draw a sketch graph of M n g tn g L, where ᆐ tᆐ Lᆐ

and n g tn g L M has only ONE solution. (4)

[19]

QUESTION 8 (FEB/MARCH 2012)

The graphs of the functions n M n g 耀n g and n M are sketched below.

n

G and H are the n-intercepts

of . D is the turning point

of . Points A, B and C are

the points of intersection
of and .

8.1 Write down the equations of the asymptotes of the graph of . (2)
8.2 Determine the coordinates of H. (4)
8.3 Determine the range of . (4)

8.4 Verify that C is the point . (2)

8.5 Determine the coordinates of the turning point of h if h n M ੢ n⪜. (3)

[15]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 12
QUESTION 9 (NOVEMBER 2012)
n
9.1 Consider the function n M

9.1.1 Calculate the coordinates of the -intercept of the graph of . (1)

9.1.2 Calculate the coordinates of the n-intercept of the graph of . (2)

9.1.3 Sketch the graph of in your ANSWER BOOK.

Clearly show ALL asymptotes and intercepts with the axes. (3)
9.1.4 Write down the range of . (1)

9.2 S and T(6 ; 0) are the n-intercepts of the graph of n M n g tn g L

and R is the -intercept. The straight line through R and T represents the graph of
n M n g ㌳.

9.2.1 Determine the value of ㌳ (2)

9.2.2 Determine the equation of in the form n M n g tn g L (4)

9.2.3 If n M n g ln g , calculate the coordinates of the

turning point of . (2)

9.2.4 For which values of will n M have two distinct roots? (2)
n
9.2.5 Determine the maximum value of n M . (3)

[20]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 13
QUESTION 10 (NOVEMBER 2012)
The graph of a hyperbola with equation M ੢n⪜ has the following properties:

 Domain: n n
 Range:
 Passes through the point( ⪜

Determine ੢n⪜. [4]

QUESTION 11 (FEB/MARCH 2013)

Sketched below is the graph of n Mn g .C is the point of intersection

h

of . B is the n-intercept of .

11.1 Determine the equation for in the form n M g (4)

n h

11.2 F is the reflection of B across C. Determine the coordinates of F. (2)

[6]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 14

QUESTION 12 (FEB/MARCH 2013)

S 耀 is the turning point of the graph of n M n g tn g L. P and T are n-intercepts

of . The graph of n M n g 耀 has an n-intercept at T. R is a point of intersection

of and .

12.1 Calculate the coordinates of T. (2)

12.2 Determine the equation for in the form n M n g tn g L. Show ALL

your working. (4)

12.3 If n M n g ln g , calculate the coordinates of R. (4)

12.4 Use your graphs to solve for n where:

12.4.1 ੢n⪜ ੢n⪜ (2)

12.4.2 n g ln ᆐ (4)

[16]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 15

QUESTION 13 (NOVEMBER 2013)

Given: n M n ng

13.1 Write down the coordinates of the -intercept of . (1)

13.2 Determine the coordinates of the n-intercepts of . (3)

13.3 Determine the coordinates of the turning point of . (3)

13.4 Sketch the graph of M ੢n⪜, clearly showing the coordinates of the turning
points and the three intercepts with the axes. (3)
[10]

QUESTION 14 (NOVEMBER 2013)

n ㌳
14.1 A sketch of the hyperbola n M
n h
, where ㌳ and h are constants, is given below.
The dotted lines are the asymptotes. The asymptotes intersect at P and B੢ ) is a point
on

14.1.1 Determine the values of ㌳ and h. (2)

14.1.2 Show that the equation of can be written as M ng g . (2)

14.1.3 Write down the coordinates of P. (2)

14.1.4 Write down the coordinates of the image of B if B is
reflected about the axis of symmetry Mng . (2)
n
14.2 The exponential function, n Mh g has a horizontal asymptote at M

and passes through . Determine the values of h and . (3)

[11]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 16
QUESTION 15 (FEB/MARCH 2014)

Consider: n M g
n

15.1 Write down the equations of the asymptotes of the of . (2)

15.2 Write down the domain of . (1)

15.3 Draw a sketch graph of in your ANSWER BOOK, indicating the intercept(s)
with axes and the asymptotes. (4)
15.4 The graph of is translated to . Describe the transformation in the form (n )

If the axes of symmetry of are Mng and M ng . (4)

[11]

QUESTION 16 (FEB/MARCH 2014)

The graph of n M n h g where h and are constants, is given below.

Points E, F and C are its intercepts with the coordinates axes. A l is the

reflection of C across the axis of symmetry of . D is a point on the graph such that the
straight line through A and D has equation n M n .

16.1 Write down the coordinates of C. (1)

16.2 Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry of . (1)

16.3 Calculate the values of h and . (6)

16.4 If n M n ln g , calculate the n-coordinate of D (4)

16.5 The graph of is reflected about the n-axis.
Write down the coordinates of the turning point of the new parabola. (2)
[14]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 17
QUESTION 17 (NOVEMBER 2014)

The diagram below shows the hyperbola defined by n M ngh g with asymptotes

M and n M . The graph of intersects the n-axis at T and the -axis at .

The line M n intersects the hyperbola in the first quadrant at S.

17.1 Write down the values of h and . (2)

17.2 Calculate the n-coordinates of T. (2)

17.3 Write down the equation of the vertical asymptote of the graph of ,

if n M ੢n g ⪜ (1)

17.4 Calculate the length of OS. (5)

17.5 For which values of will the equation n Mng have two real roots that

are of opposite signs? (1)

[11]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 18

QUESTION 18 (FEB/MARCH 2015)

Given: n M
ng

18.1 Write down the equations of the asymptotes of . (2)

18.2 Calculate:

18.2.1 The -intercept of . (1)

18.2.2 The n-intercept of . (2)

18.3 Draw the graph of , showing clearly the asymptotes and the intercepts with axes.(3)

18.4 Determine the equation of the line of symmetry that has a negative gradient, in

the form M (3)

18.5 Determine the value(s) of n for which ng

n . (2)

[13]

QUESTION 19 (NOVEMBER 2015)

ng
Given: n M 耀

19.1 Write down the equation of the asymptote of . (1)

19.2 Sketch the graph of . Clearly indicate ALL intercepts with the axes as well as

the asymptote. (4)

19.3 The graph of is obtained by reflecting the graph of in the -axis. Write

down the equation of . (1)

[6]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 19

QUESTION 20 (FEB/MARCH 2015)

The graphs of n M n g tn g L; and n M in g are drawn below.

D 耀 is a common point on and .

 intersects the n-axis at and .

 is the tangent to at D.

20.1 For which value(s) of n is ੢n⪜ ? (2)

20.2 Determine the values of t and L. (5)

20.3 Determine the coordinates of the turning point of . (3)

20.4 Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry of if n M n ͹ g (2)

20.5 Calculate the gradient of . (3)

[15]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 20

QUESTION 21 (NOVEMBER 2015)

21.1 The graphs of n M n g 耀 and n M n g tn g L are sketched below

Points P and Q are the n- intercept of . Points Q and R are the n-intercepts of .
S is the turning point of . T is the -intercept of both and .

21.1.1 Write down the coordinates of T. (1)

21.1.2 Determine the coordinate of Q. (3)
21.1.3 Given that n M l at S, determine the coordinates of R. (2)

21.1.4 Determine the value(s) of n for which ੢n⪜ ′ . (2)

21.2 The function defined as M g has the following properties:

ng h

 The domain is n , n ..
 M n g is an axis of symmetry.
 The function is increasing for all n , n ..
Draw a neat sketch graph of this function. Your sketch must be include
the asymptotes, if any. (4)
[12]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 21

QUESTION 22 (JUNE 2015)

The graph of n M ngh g has its turning point at and passes through

the point l. n M n g L is a tangent to the graph of .

22.1 Determine the equation of in the form M ngh g . (4)

22.2 Calculate the value of L. (5)

[9]
QUESTION 23 (JUNE 2015)

The sketch below represents the graphs of h n M n g tn g L and n Mng .

The point S l lies on the axis of symmetry of the graph h and on the line .

A is the turning point of the graph of h. The graphs of h and intersect at D and E.

The - intercepts of h and are C and B respectively.

23.1 Show that M tMl and L M . (6)

23.2 Determine the coordinates of A, the turning point of h. (3)

23.3 Calculate the length of BC. (1)
23.4 Determine the coordinates of D, the point of intersection of h and . (5)
[15]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 22
QUESTION 24 (SEPTEMBER 2015)

The diagram below shows the graph of n M

ngh
g . The line n M and M are

the asymptotes of . P l is a point on and T is the n-intercept of .

24.1 Determine the values of , h, and . (4)

24.2 Calculate the coordinates of T, the n-intercept of . (3)

24.3 If the graph of is symmetrical with respect to the line M n g L, determine

the value of L. (2)

[9]
QUESTION 25 (FEB/MARCH 2016)
n
Given: n M g

25.1 Determine the coordinates of the -intercept of . (1)

25.2 Sketch the graph of , clearly indicating ALL intercepts with the axes as well as
any asymptotes. (3)
25.3 Calculate the average gradient of between the points on the graph where
nM and n M . (3)
25.4 If n M ੢n⪜, write down an equation of the asymptote of (1)
[8]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 23

QUESTION 26 (SEPTEMBER 2015)

The sketch below shows the graph of n M n g ng and n M n g . The graphs

intersect at B and E. The graph of intersect the n-axis at A and B and has a turning point
at C. The graph of intersects the -axis at D. The length of CD is 6 units.

26.1 Determine the coordinates of B and C. (4)

26.2 Write down the coordinates of D. (2)
26.3 Write down the values of and . (2)
26.4 Determine the coordinates of E. (5)

26.5 Determine the value(s) of n for which n ੢n⪜ ′ (4)

[17]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 24

QUESTION 27 (FEB/MARCH 2016)

The graphs of the functions n M ngh g and n M n g a g ㌳ are sketched below.

Both graphs cut the -axis at l. One of the points of intersection of the graphs is

P 耀 , which is also the turning point of . The horizontal asymptote of is M .

27.1 Calculate the values of h and . (4)

27.2 Calculate the values of a and ㌳. (6)

27.3 Determine the value(s) of n in the interval n for which ੢n⪜ ੢n⪜. (2)

27.4 Determine the value(s) of for which n M has two, unequal positive roots. (2)
27.5 Write down an equation for the axis of symmetry of that has a negative gradient.(3)
27.6 The point P is reflected in the line determined in QUESTION 28.5 to give the point
Q. Write down the coordinates of Q. (2)
[19]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 25

QUESTION 28 (JUNE 2016)

28.1 The graphs of n M g and n M in g L passing through the

ng h

are sketched below.

28.1.1 Write down the values of h and . (2)

28.1.2 If the coordinates of B are calculate the value of . (3)

28.1.3 If n is one of the line of symmetry of , determine the equation

. (3)
[8]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 26

QUESTION 29 (JUNE 2016)

The graphs of n Mn n g l and n Mng are sketched below. AB is

perpendicular to the -axis and CD is perpendicular to the n-axis.

29.1 Calculate the coordinates of P, the turning point of . (3)

29.2 If OB M 12 units, determine the coordinates of A. (4)

29.3 If C n is on , D is on , such that CD is always perpendicular to the n-axis,

determine an expression in terms of n for the length of CD. (2)
29.4 Hence, calculate the minimum length of CD. (3)
29.5 If M n g L is a tangent to the graph of , calculate the value(s) of L. (5)
[17]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 27

QUESTION 30 (SEPTEMBER 2016)

The diagram below shows the graph of n M g . The line n M and M are
ng h

asymptotes of . P l l is a point on .

30.1 Write down the values of h and . (2)

30.2 Calculate the value of . (2)

30.3 Calculate the coordinates of the -intercept of . (2)

30.4 If n M ੢n g ⪜, write down the equation of the vertical asymptotes of . (2)

30.5 If the graph of is symmetrical about the line M n g L, determine the

value of L. (2)
[10]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 28

QUESTION 31 (SEPTEMBER 2016)

The sketch below shows the graphs of n Mn n and n M n g . The graphs

intersect at B and D. The graph of intersects the n-axis at A and B and has a turning point

at C. The graph of intersects the -axis at D and the n-axis at B.

31.1 Write down the coordinates of D. (1)

31.2 Determine the coordinates of A and B. (4)

31.3 Write down the values of and . (2)

31.4 Calculate the coordinates of C, the turning point of . (3)

31.5 Write down the turning point of r, if r n M n g . (2)

31.6 For which values of n will n ੢n⪜ ? (2)

[14]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 29

QUESTION 32 (NOVEMBER 2016)
n
Sketched below is the graph of n M ′ . R is the -intercept of . The points P t

and Q t lie on .
耀

32.1 Write down the equation of the asymptote of . (1)

32.2 Determine the coordinates of R. (1))

32.3 Calculate the values of . (2)

32.4 D is a points such that DQ -axis and DP n-axis. Calculate the length of DP. (4)

32.5 Determine the values of for which the equation ng g M will have a

root that is less than . (3)

[11]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 30

QUESTION 33 (NOVEMBER 2016)

Sketched below is the parabola , with equation n M n g ln and a hyperbola ,

with equation n h gr M .

 B, the turning point of , lies at the point of intersection of the asymptotes of .

 A is the n-intercept of .

33.1 Show that the coordinates of B are (2)

33.2 Write down the range of . (1)

33.3 For which value(s) of n will ੢n⪜ ? (2)

33.4 Determine the equation of the vertical asymptote of the graph of if

n M ੢n g l⪜. (1)

33.5 Determine the values of h and r. (4)

33.6 Write down the values of n for which n ੢n⪜ (4)

[14]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 31

QUESTION 34 (FEB/MARCH 2017)

34.1 The sketch below shows the graphs of n Mn n and n Mn .

A and B are the n-intercepts of . The graphs of and intersect at C and B.

D is the turning point of .

34.1.1 Determine the coordinates of C. (1)

34.1.2 Calculate the length of AB. (4)
34.1.3 Determine the coordinates of D. (2)
34.1.4 Calculate the average gradient of between C and D. (2)

34.1.5 Calculate the size of 萒. (2)

34.1.6 Determine the values of for which n M will have two

unequal positive real roots. (3)

34.1.7 For which values of n will n n ′ h (3)

34.2 The graph of a parabola has n-intercepts at n M and n M . n M l is

a tangent to at P, the turning point of . Sketch the graph of , clearly showing

the intercepts with the axes and the coordinates of the turning point. (5)
[22]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 32
QUESTION 35 (JUNE 2017)

The graphs of the functions n M g , n M in g L and n M n are sketched

ng

below. The graphs of , and passes through the origin. The line is a tangent to at O.

P is the point of intersection the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of the graph of

and intersects the horizontal asymptote of at P and T respectively and Mt .

35.1 Write down the value(s) of . (2)

35.2 Determine the equation of . (2)

35.3 Determine the area of POT. (4)

[8]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 33

QUESTION 36 (JUNE 2017)

The sketch below shows the graphs of n M n h g and n M in g r. The graphs

have a common -intercept, T. The graph of intersects the n-axis at ੢͹ ⪜ The graph of
has a turning point at ੢ ). ੢ ⪜ is a point on and R is a point on such that QR is
parallel to the - axis.

36.1 Write down the value(s) of h and . (2)

36.2 Determine the equation of . (4)

36.3 Write down the values of r and i. (2)

36.4 Calculate the length of QR. (2)

36.5 Write down the turning point of h, if h n M n g . (2)

36.6 For which values of will n M have two unequal roots. (2)

[14]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 34

QUESTION 37 (NOVEMBER 2017)

Given: n M n g tn g
͹
37.1 The gradient of the tangent to the graph of at the point is 3.

Show that M and t M 2. (5)

37.2 Calculate the n-intercepts of . (3)

37.3 Calculate the coordinates of the turning point of . (3)

37.4 Sketch the graph of . Clearly indicate ALL intercepts with the axes and the

turning point. (4)

37.5 Use the graph to determine the values of n for which ੢n⪜ ′ . (3)

37.6 Sketch the graph of n M n on the same set of axes as . Clearly

indicate ALL intercepts with the axes. (2)

37.7 Write down the values of n for which n ੢n⪜ . (3)

[23]

QUESTION 38 (FEB/MARCH 2018)

The function, defined by n M g , has the following properties:

ng h

 The range of is
 The graph passes through the origin.
 P g g lies on the graph .

38.1 Write down the value of . (1)

38.2 Calculate the values of and h. (5)

38.3 Sketch a neat graph of this function. Your graph must include the

asymptotes, if any. (4)

[10]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 35

QUESTION 39 (FEB/MARCH 2018)

Below are the graphs of n M n l t and a straight line . A and B are the n-intercepts

of and E is the turning point of . C is the -intercept of both and . The n-intercept of is

D. DE is parallel to the -axis.

39.1 Write down the coordinates of E. (2)

39.2 Calculate the coordinates of A. (3)

39.3 M is the reflection of C in the axis of symmetry of . Write down the coordinates

of M. (3)

39.4 Determine the equation of in the form M in g L. (3)

39.5 Write down the equation of in the form M (3)

39.6 For which values of n will n n h (4)

[18]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 36

QUESTION 40 (JUNE 2018)

Given: n M
ng

40.1 Write down the equation(s) of the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of . (2)

40.2 Determine the intercepts of the graph of with the n and axes. (2)

40.3 Sketch the graph of . (4)

[8]
QUESTION 41 (JUNE 2018)

n M n gng and n M n g are sketched below. and intersect

at P and C. B and C are the n-intercepts of . ADE is perpendicular to the n-axis, with A

on and D on . A is the turning point of .

41.1 Determine the coordinates of A, the turning point of . (3)

41.2 Write down the range of . (2)

41.3 Calculate the length of BC. (4)
41.4 Determine the coordinates of P. (5)
41.5 Determine the equation of if n M ੢n ⪜. Hence, write down the

coordinates of the new turning point of . (3)

[17]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 37
QUESTION 42 (SEPTEMBER 2018)

n
Given: n M
ng

42.1 Show that n M (1)

ng

42.2 Write down the equations of the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of . (2)

42.3 Determine the intercepts of the graph of with the n-axes and -axes. (2)

42.4 Write down the value of L if M n g L is a line of symmetry to the graph of . (2)

[7]

QUESTION 43 (NOVEMBER 2018)

Given: n Mn

43.1 Write down the domain of . (1)

43.2 Write down the asymptotes of . (2)

43.3 Sketch the graph of , clearly showing all intercepts with the axes and any

asymptotes. (3)

43.4 For which values of n will n n h (2)

[8]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 38

QUESTION 44 (NOVEMBER 2018)

In the diagram below, A and B are the n-intercepts of the graph of n Mn n .

A straight line, , through A cuts at C l and the -axis at . M is a point

on and N is a point on such that MN is parallel to the -axis. MN cuts the n-axis at T.

44.1 Show that n Mng . (2)

44.2 Calculate the coordinates of A and B. (3)
44.3 Determine the range of . (3)
44.4 If MN M 6 :

44.4.1 Determine the length of OT if T lies on the negative n-axis.

Show ALL your workings. (4)
44.4.2 Hence, write down the coordinates of N. (2)
44.5 Determine the equation of the tangent of drawn parallel to . (5)

44.6 For which value(s) of will n Mn n and n Mng

NOT intersect? (1)
[20]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 39
QUESTION 45 (MAY/JUNE 2019)

45.1 Given: n M ng g

45.1.1 Determine the equations of the asymptotes of . (2)

45.1.2 Write down the -intercept of . (1)

45.1.3 Calculate the n-intercept of . (2)

45.1.4 Sketch the graph of . Clearly label ALL intercepts with the axes
and any asymptotes. (3)

45.2 Sketched below are the graphs of n M n g tn g L and n M n g l.

Graph has a turning point at 耀 . S is the n-intercept of and .

Graphs and also intersect at T.

45.2.1 Calculate the coordinates of S. (2)

45.2.2 Determine the equation of in the form M ngh g (3)

45.2.3 If n M n ln g , determine the coordinates of T. (5)

45.2.4 Determine the value(s) of n for which ੢n⪜ ᆐ ੢n⪜. (2)

45.2.5 It is further given that is the graph of ੢n⪜.

(a) For which values of n will the graph of be concave up? (2)
(b) Sketch the graph of , showing clearly the n-values of the
turning points and the point of inflection. (3)
[25]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 40
QUESTION 46 (JUNE 2019)

Given n M gL; A is the -intercept of the graph. The asymptotes to the

n t

graph intersects the n-axis at 1 and the -axis at 2 respectively.

46.1 Write down the equation of the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of . (2)

46.2 Calculate the value of . (3)

46.3 Determine the coordinates of a , the image of A, if it is reflected about . (4)

46.4 Determine the equation of if n M ੢n ⪜. (2)

[11]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 41

QUESTION 47 (JUNE 2019)

The graphs of n M n g tn g L; and n M in g are sketched below. The

n-intercepts of are Q and P , and the -intercept is T . The graph of

intersects at T and P. M is the turning point of .

47.1 Show that the values of M , t M 耀 and L M . (4)

47.2 Calculate the coordinates of M, the turning point of . (2)

47.3 Write down the range of . (1)
੢n⪜
47.4 Write down the value(s) of n for which . (3)
੢n⪜

47.5 Determine the values of for which n M has two positive unequal real
roots. (2)
47.6 Determine the values of n for which the graph of is a tangent to . (3)
[15]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 42

QUESTION 48 (SEPTEMBER 2019)
l
Given n M
n

48.1 Write down the equations of the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of . (2)

48.2 Determine the intercepts of the graph of with the axes. (3)
48.3 Draw the graph of . Show all intercepts with the axes as well as the asymptotes
of the graph. (4)
[9]
QUESTION 49 (SEPTEMBER 2019)

In the diagram, the graphs of n M n g n g and n M n g are drawn below.

The graph of intersects the n-axis at B and C and the -axis at A. The graph of intersects
the graph of at B and S. PQR is perpendicular to the n-axis with points P and Q on and
respectively. M is the turning point of .

49.1 Write down the coordinates of A. (1)

49.2 S is the reflection of A about the axis of symmetry of . Calculate the
coordinates of S. (2)
49.3 Calculate the coordinates of B and C. (3)
49.4 If PQ M 5 units, calculate the length of OR. (4)
49.5 Calculate the:
49.5.1 Coordinates of M. (4)
49.5.2 Maximum length of PQ between B and S. (4)
[18]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 43
QUESTION 50 (NOVEMBER 2019)

Below are the graphs of n M n g tn and n M .

ng h
 has a turning point at C and passes through the n-axis at .
 D is the -intercept of both and . The graphs and also intersect each other at E and J
 The vertical asymptote of passes through the n-intercept of .

50.1 Write down the value of h. (1)

50.2 Show that M and t M . (3)

50.3 Calculate the coordinates of C. (4)
50.4 Write down the range of . (2)
50.5 Determine the equation of the line through C that makes an angle of 45 with the

positive n-axis . Write your answer in the form M (3)

50.6 Is the straight line, determined in QUESTION 52.5, a tangent to ? Explain

your answer. (2)
50.7 The function n M i n g has only one n-intercept at n M Determine

the values of i and . (4)

[19]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 44

 FUNCTIONS

PART 2
(INVERSE AND LOGARITHM
FUNCTIONS)

GRADE 12
PAST EXAM PAPERS
EMAILBY
ADDRESS: melulekishabalala@gmail.com
MR M. SHABALALA
CELLPHONE NUMBER: 0733318802
@NOMBUSO Page 45
 NEW GRAPHS GR12
IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS
 FUNCTION -is a special kind of a relation where by one value in an input maps with
exactly one value in an output. Basically an equation is called to be a function if
one x value correspond with exactly one y-value. There are two types of functions
1. ONE-TO-ONE FUNCTION- where by one x-value corresponds with exactly one y value .
E.g. Hyperbola and straight line.
2. MANY-TO-ONE FUNCTION - where by many x-values corresponds/maps with only one y-
value that relation is called a function. E.g. parabola
 VERTICAL LINE TEST/PENCIL TEST- it is the line that used to test if a graph is a
function. It is always parallel to the y-axis. Once it touches the graph in more than
one place, It means that, a graph is not a function…To check a function you just
look at the x-value, once it is repeated it means that graph is not a function.

A) INVERSE FUNCTIONS (3 to be done)

M g , M and M
 INVERSE GRAPH - It is the reflection of the graph about the line (y = x).
o To determine inverse of the graph. We swop/interchange every x and y-
coordinates in every point on the graph
o E.g. coordinates of original coordinates of inverse
graph graph
(2;4) (4;2)
(1;2) (2;1)
(x;y) (y;x)
 Given equation of graph as g(x). In most cases inverse can be expressed as h .
Basically the inverse of g(x) is n .
 NB! this form can be used only if an inverse is a function. If the inverse is not a
function, equation can be written as
(y= …. Or ) Not all inverses are functions.
‘(Source: BOOK MIND ACTION SERIES GRADE 12 was used In the following information)’
1 .INVERSE OF STRAIGH LINE
EXAMPLE 1 DETERMINE THE INVERSE
a) ೓ M b) M g
1 .INVERSE OF PARABOLA
Consider the many- to- one function M
 Draw this graph as well as its reflection about the line y = x using table method

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 46

 Interchange it becomes M but equation must be in terms of y= . There for write y as a
subject of the formula M n provided n

BUT graph of M n is not a function because vertical line test fail, WE NEED TO DO
SOMETHING.
RESTRICT THE DOMAIN and make sure that range remain as it is
e.g n Mn where n

EXAMPLES
a) Sketch both original graph and inverse with restricted domain n M n where n
b) Sketch the following functions and sketch inverses with restricted domain in both ways.
1) n M n 2) n M n 3) n M n
Write down the domain and the range for each graph drawn.

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 47

 B) INVERSE of the EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION
It is called.
LOGARITHMIC FUNCTION (LOG FUNCTIONS)
 Consider the exponential function n M n
and sketch the graph and its inverse

 Inverse n M

 NOW in the inverse n M . The PROBLEM STARTS if you want to make the subject of the
formula, which cannot be done by using any methods you have studied thus far.LOGARITHM

1.Write each of the following exponential equations as logarithmic equations:

a) M ⯲
ㄲ
b) M
h
c) h
Mh
d) M
e) M
2. Convert from the logarithmic form to the exponential form( NIKE approach  )
a) th⯲hh M  64 push up then drop log left 4 e.g h M ⯲h
b) th M
c) th M
d) th M
e) th M

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 48

EXAMPLE

n
Consider the exponential function n M and sketch the graph and its inverse

WE HAVE ONLY TWO TYPES OF LOG FUNCTIONS

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 49

QUESTION 1 (FEB/MARCH 2010)
n
The graph of n M is drawn below.

1.1 Write in the form M (1)

1.2 Sketch the graphs of M ੢n⪜ and M ੢n ) (4)
1.3 Use your graph to solve for n if log ੢n ⪜ᆐ (2)
[7]
QUESTION 2 (NOVEMBER 2010)

The graph of n M n , n is sketched below.

The point P 耀 lies on the graph of .

2.1 Calculate the values of . (2)

2.2 Determine the equation of , in the form M (3)
2.3 Write down the range of . (1)
2.4 Draw the graph of . Indicate the coordinates of a point on the graph
different from . (2)
2.5 The graph of is reflected across the line M n and thereafter it is reflected
across the n-axis. Determine the equation of the new function in the form M (3)
[11]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 50
QUESTION 3 (FEB/MARCH 2011)
n
Consider the function n M .
3.1 Is an increasing or decreasing function? Give a reason for your answer. (2)
3.2 Determine ੢n⪜ in the form M (2)
3.3 Write down the equation of the asymptote of n . (1)
3.4 Describe the transformation from to if n M log n. (2)
[7]
QUESTION 4 (NOVEMBER 2011)
n
The graphs of n M 耀 and n M n g tn g L are sketched below. B and C l
are the -intercepts of the graphs of and respectively. The two graphs intersect at A, which
is the turning point of the graph of and the n-intercept of the graphs of and .

4.1 Determine the coordinates of A and B. (4)

4.2 Write down an equation of the asymptote of the graph of . (1)
4.3 Determine an equation of if n M n g 耀. (2)
4.4 Determine an equation of in the form M (2)
4.5 Write down an equation of h, if h is the reflection of about the n-axis. (1)

4.6 Calculate .Show ALL your workings. (4)

[14]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 51
QUESTION 5 (FEB/MARCH 2012)
n
Given: n M
5.1 Determine an equation for in the form n M (1)

5.2 Sketch the graphs of and , showing clearly ALL intercepts with the axes. (4)

5.3 Write down the domain of . (2)

5.4 For which values of n will n n h (2)

n
5.5 Write down the range of n M l. (2)

5.6 Write down an equation for if the graph of is the image of the graph of
after has been translated two units to the right and reflected about the n-axis. (2)
[13]

QUESTION 6 (NOVEMBER 2012)

The graph of n M ͹n for n is sketched below.

The point P t lies on the graph of .

6.1 Use your graph to determine the values of n for which n t. (2)

6.2 Write down the equation of in the form M include ALL restrictions. (3)

6.3 Sketch , the inverse of , in your ANSWER BOOK. Indicate the intercept(s)
with the axes and the coordinates of ONE other point. (3)

6.4 Describe the transformation from to if n M ͹n, where n . (1)

[9]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 52
QUESTION 7 (FEB/MARCH 2013)
n
The graph of n M is sketched below.

7.1 Write down the domain of . (1)

7.2 Write down the equation of the asymptote of . (1)

7.3 Write down the equation of in the form M (2)

7.4 Sketch the graph of in your ANSWER BOOK. Indicate the n-intercept and
ONE other point. (3)

7.5 Write down the equation of the asymptote of ੢n g ⪜. (2)

7.6 Prove that: ੢n⪜ n M n ੢ n⪜ for all values of n. (3)

[12]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 53

QUESTION 8 (NOVEMBER 2013)
n
8.1 Sketched below are the graphs of n M , where ′ and M ੢n⪜.
is a point on .

8.1.1 Determine the value of . (2)

8.1.2 Give the equation of in the form M (2)

8.1.3 For which value(s) of n is n h (2)

8.1.4 Write down the domain of if n M ੢n ⪜. (1)

8.2 8.2.1 Sketch the graph of the inverse of M . (2)

8.2.2 Is the inverse of M a function? Motivate your answer. (2)

[11]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 54

QUESTION 9 (FEB/MARCH 2014)
Given the graph of n M log n. A is the n-intercept of . P
t
is a point on .

9.1 Write down the coordinates of A. (1)

9.2 Sketch the graph of indicating an intercept with the axes and ONE other
point on the graph. (3)
9.3 Write down the domain of . (1)
[5]
QUESTION 10 (NOVEMBER 2014)

Given: n M log n where ′ . S is a point on the graph of .

10.1 Prove that M . (2)

10.2 Write down the equation of , the inverse of , in the form M (2)
10.3 If n M n determine the equation of . (1)
10.4 Write down the domain of . (1)
10.5 Determine the values of n for which n . (3)
[9]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 55
QUESTION 11 (FEB/MARCH 2015)
The graph of n M n , ′ is shown below. T t lies on .

11.1 Calculate the value of . (2)

11.2 Determine the equation of n if n M ੢ n⪜. (1)

11.3 Determine the value(s) of n for which ੢n⪜ . (2)

11.4 Is the inverse of a function? Explain your answer. (2)

[7]

QUESTION 12 (SEPTEMBER 2015)

Given: h n M log n
12.1 Write down the equation of h , the inverse of h, in the form M (2)

12.2 Sketch in your ANSWER BOOK the graphs of h and h on the same system of

axes. Show clearly all the intercepts with the axes and at least one other point

on each graph. (4)

12.3 Determine the values of n for which h੢n⪜ (2)

12.4 Write down the n-intercept of if n M h੢ n⪜. (2)

[10]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 56

QUESTION 13 (JUNE 2015)

Given the graphs of n M for n ᆐ and n M n for n .

n

13.1 Prove that the graphs of and intersect at the point (4)

13.2 Determine the equation of in the form M (3)

[7]

QUESTION 14 (JUNE 2015)

n ͹
The graph of n M , where ′ and , passes through the point .
耀

14.1 Determine the value of . (3)

14.2 Write down the equation of in the form M (2)

14.3 Determine the value(s) of n for which n M . (2)

14.4 If n M ੢n ⪜, write down the domain of . (1)

14.5 Determine the equation of r if r n M ੢ n⪜. (2)

[10]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 57

QUESTION 15 (NOVEMBER 2015)

Given: n M n for n l. The n-intercept of is Q.

15.1 Determine the coordinates of Q. (2)

15.2 Write down the domain of . (3)

15.3 Sketch the graph of in your ANSWER BOOK, clearly indicating the

-intercept and the end points. (3)

15.4 For which value(s) of n will n M ੢n⪜? (3)

15.5 P n is the point on the graph of that is closest to the origin. Calculate

the distance OP. (5)

15.6 Given: n M ੢n⪜ where is a function defined for n l

15.6.1 Explain why has a local minimum. (2)

15.6.2 Write down the value of the maximum gradient of the tangent

to the graph of . (1)

[19]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 58

QUESTION 16 (FEB/MARCH 2016)

Given: n M n n
l

16.1 Determine the equation of in the form n M (3)

16.2 On the same system of axes, sketch the graphs of and . Indicate clearly the

intercepts with the axes, as well as another point on the graph of each of and . (3)

16.3 Is a function? Give a reason for your answer. (2)

[8]

QUESTION 17 (JUNE 2016)

n
The equation n M ′ passes through the point
耀

17.1 Determine the value of . (3)

17.2 Write down the equation of in the form M (2)

17.3 Determine the value(s) of n for which n ′ . (3)

[8]

QUESTION 18 (SEPTEMBER 2016)

Given h n M n .

18.1 Write down the equation of h , the inverse of h, in the form M (2)

18.2 Sketch in your ANSWER BOOK the graphs of h and h on the same system of

axes. Show clearly all the intercepts with the axes and at least one other point

on each graph. (4)

18.3 Determine the values of n for which h ੢n⪜ (4)

[10]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 59

QUESTION 19 (NOVEMBER 2016)

Given: n M ng and n M log n

19.1 On the same set of axes, sketch the graphs of and , clearly showing ALL

intercepts with the axes. (4)

19.2 Write down the equation of ੢n⪜, the inverse of , in the form M (2)

19.3 Explain how you will use QUESTION 19.1 and/or QUESTION 19.2 to solve the

equation log n Mn (3)

19.4 Write down the solution to log n Mn (1)

[10]

QUESTION 20 (JUNE 2017)

n
The graph of n M passes through the point P l

20.1 Calculate the value of . (3)

20.2 Write down the equation of the inverse of , in the form M (2)

20.3 Determine the values of n for which n ′ . (3)

20.4 Write down the equation of if n M ੢ n⪜. (2)

20.5 Sketch the graphs of and on the same system of axes

(including the line of reflection). (3)

[13]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 60
QUESTION 21 (FEB/MARCH 2017)

The sketch below shows the graphs of n M log n and n M g

n

 T and U are the n-intercepts of and respectively.

 The line M n intersects the asymptotes of at R, and the graph of at V.

21.1 Write down the coordinates of U. (1)

21.2 Write down the equations of the asymptotes of . (2)
21.3 Determine the coordinates of T. (2)
21.4 Write down the equation of , the reflection of in the line M n, in the
form M (2)
21.5 Write down the equation of the asymptote of ੢n ⪜ (1)
21.6 Calculate the coordinates of V. (4)
21.7 Determine the coordinates of T the point which is symmetrical to T about the
point R. (2)
[14]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 61

QUESTION 22 (NOVEMBER 2017)

The diagram below shows the graphs of n M g and n M log n.

ng h
 M is the horizontal asymptote of .
 B is the n-intercept of .
 A r is a point of intersection between and .
 The vertical asymptote of intersects the n-axis at E and the horizontal asymptote
at D . OBM BE.

22.1 Write down the range of . (2)

22.2 Determine the equation of . (2)

22.3 Calculate the value of r. (3)

22.4 Write down the equation of , the inverse of , in the form M (2)

22.5 For which values of n will ੢n⪜ ᆐ ? (2)

22.6 Determine the point of intersection of the graphs of and the axis of

symmetry of that has a negative gradient. (3)

[14]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 62

QUESTION 23 (FEB/MARCH 2018)
n
The graph of n M is drawn in the sketch below. The point S t lies on . T is
the -intercept of .

23.1 Write down the coordinates of T. (2)

23.2 Calculate the value of . (2)

23.3 The graph is obtained by reflecting in the -axis. Write down the equation

of . (2)

23.4 Write down the values of n for which ᆐ log n ᆐ (2)

[8]

QUESTION 24 (JUNE 2018)

n
Given n M passes through the point A
t
.

24.1 Calculate the value of . (2)

24.2 Write down the equation of , the inverse of , in the form M (2)

24.3 Write down the coordinates of any point on the graph of the inverse of . (2)

24.4 Determine the value(s) of n for which n . (2)

n
24.5 Write down the equation of if n M . (2)

[10]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 63
QUESTION 25 (SEPTEMBER 2018)

n M logh n and n M n g tn are sketched below. A is the turning point of

and B is the common n-intercept of and . The point C lies on the graph of .

25.1 Calculate the value of h. (2)

25.2 Write down the coordinates of B. (1)

25.3 If h M , determine the coordinates of A. (3)

25.4 Determine the values of and t. (4)

25.5 Write down the equation of , inverse of , in the form M (2)

25.6 Determine the values of n for which n . (2)

25.7 Determine the values of n for which n ੢n⪜ . (2)

[16]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 64

QUESTION 26 (NOVEMBER 2018)
In the diagram below, the graph of n M n is drawn in the interval n . The graph

of is also drawn. P is a point on and R is a point on .

26.1 Is a function? Motivate your answer. (2)

26.2 If R is the reflection of P in the line M n, Write down the coordinates of R. (1)
26.3 Calculate the value of . (2)
26.4 Write down the equation of in the form M (3)
[8]
QUESTION 27 (MAY/JUNE 2019)
n
Given the exponential function: n M
27.1 Write down the range of . (1)
27.2 Determine the equation of in the form M (2)
27.3 Is a function? Justify your answer. (2)
27.4 The point M lies on .
27.4.1 Calculate the value of . (2)
27.4.2 M , the image of M, lies on . Write down the coordinates of M . (1)
27.5 If n M ng g , write down the coordinates of the image of M on . (3)
[11]
BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 65
QUESTION 28 (JUNE 2019)

Given r n M 耀n

28.1 Write down the equation of r , the inverse of r, in the form M (2)

28.2 Show that r n g M r੢n⪜. (3)

28.3 Sketch r and r in the same system of axes, showing the line of reflection and

intercepts with the axes. (4)

[9]

QUESTION 29 (SEPTEMBER 2019)

In the diagram, the graph of n M log n is drawn.

29.1 Write down the equation of , the inverse of , in the form M (2)

29.2 Write down the range of . (1)

29.3 Calculate the value(s) of n for which n l. (4)

[7]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 66

QUESTION 30 (NOVEMBER 2019)
n
Sketched below is the graph of n M ′ . The point ੢l ) lies on .

30.1 Determine the value of . (2)

30.2 Graph is obtained by reflecting graph about the line M n. Determine the

equation of in the form M (2)

30.3 Sketch the graph . Indicate on your graph the coordinates of two points on . (4)

30.4 Use your graph to determine the value(s) of n for which:

30.4.1 ੢n⪜ ੢n⪜ ′ (2)

30.4.2 n (2)

30.5 If n M ੢ n⪜, calculate the value of n for which n n M . (4)

l

[16]

BY MR M. SHABALALA @NOMBUSO Page 67