SPM question (2022)

Table shows the heat of neutralisation of Set l and Set ll

(a) What is the meaning of heat of neutralisation.

State the type of acid of HCl and CH3COOH.[3m]

(b) Write the ionic equation for this reaction.[1m]

(c) In Set l, 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution with 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of

F5 Chemistry
hydrochloric acid. Calculate the highest temperature if the average initial temperature is
29 oC.[4m]
[Specific heat capacity of solution= 4.2 J g-1 oC-1, density of solution = 1 g cm-3]

Chapter 3 : Thermochemistry (d) Draw an energy level diagram for this reaction.[2m]

Note 4 : Heat of Neutralisation

(e) Explain why there is different of value of heat of neutralisation of Set l and Set ll.[3m]

(f) The HCl in Set l is replaced with H2SO4 to react with excess NaOH.
Write a balance chemical equation for the reaction.
Predict the heat of neutralisation for the reaction.[3m]

Prepared by Mr. Brian

Comparing Heat of Neutralisation Question 1

In an experiment to determine the heat of neutralisation, 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid at
26 C is added to 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution which is at 28 C in a polystyrene
o o

Differences Strong acid Weak acid Strong acid Weak acid

and and and and o
cup with cover. The mixture is then stirred and the highest temperature reached is 40 C. Calculate
in strong alkali strong alkali weak alkali weak alkali the heat of neutralisation. Explain why the heat of neutralisation obtained is lower than -57.3 kJ mol-1
o -1
HCl + NH3 CH 3COOH + NH 3 [Specific heat capacity of solution : 4.2 J g-1 C . Density of solution : 1 g cm-3 ]
Solution
Strong acid and Weak acid ionise Weak alkali ionise Weak acid and weak
strong alkali partially in water partially in water alkali ionise partially
ionise completely in to produce lower to produce lower in water to produce
water to produce concentration of concentration of lower concentration
high concentration H+ ions and some OH - ions and some of H+ ions, OH - ions,
of H+ ions and OH - CH3COOH molecules. NH3 molecules. CH3COOH molecules
ions. and NH 3 molecules.
H+ ions and OH - ions H+ ions and OH - ions
H+ ions and OH - ions combine to form combine to form H+ ions and OH - ions
combine to form water molecule and water molecule and combine to form
Question 2
water molecule and this releases heat this releases heat water molecule and
this releases heat energy to surrounding. energy to surrounding. this releases heat
energy to surrounding. energy to surrounding.
Heat energy released Heat energy released
Strong acid and is absorbed by the is absorbed by the Heat energy released 44

strong alkali do not CH3COOH molecules NH3 molecules to is absorbed by the

have any acid to ionise completely ionise completely to CH3COOH molecules
molecule or alkali to complete the complete the and NH 3 molecules
molecule in the neutralisation reaction. neutralisation reaction. to ionise completely
aqueous solution. to complete the
neutralisation reaction. 29

Solution

reactants reactants reactants reactants

- 2 - - 3 -