or

Michael J. Pry
r m e n M a r tí n ez Mungaray
Ma. del Ca
1ª edición, 2017

© 2016 Michael John Pryor y María del Carmen Martínez Mungaray

D.R. © 2016 Stepping Stones Publishing

www.step-up.com.mx

ISBN 978-607-9442-54-5

Editorial Página Seis, S.A. de C.V.

Teotihuacan 345, Ciudad del Sol, 45050, Zapopan, Jalisco.
Tel/fax: (33) 3657 3786 y 3657 5045
e-mail: p6@pagina6.com.mx
www.pagina6.com.mx

Se prohíbe la reproducción, el registro o la transmisión parcial o total de esta obra por cualquier sistema
de recuperación de información, sea mecánico, fotoquímico, electrónico, magnético, electro-óptico, por
fotocopia o cualquier otro, existente o por existir, sin el permiso previo por escrito del titular de los derechos
correspondientes.

Impreso y hecho en México / Printed and made in Mexico

CONTENTS
Platform One
My life plans
Start up.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Keep going. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Wrap up.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Platform Two
The world around us
Start up.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Keep going. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Wrap up.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Platform Three
Contributions to society
Start up.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Keep going. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Wrap up.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
 Scope & sequence

START UP
Language functions vocabulary

STEP 1 Describing personal goals Opposite actions

PLATFORM 1
My life plans

Distinguish and establish

STEP 2 • Brainstorm Weather
cause & effect
• Natalie’s plans for next week
• What will happen next?
Hobbies & Free
STEP 3 Discuss future actions • Malala: A hope for the future
Time Activities

STEP 4 Describe future plans Future plans

Giving suggestions
STEP 1 At the workplace
& recommendations
The world around us
PLATFORM 2

STEP 2 Expressing obligations • Brainstorm At the airport

• Cool Google Offices
• Signs
STEP 3 Describing school problems • Extreme airports School problems

Climate
STEP 4 Making speculations & Natural
Phenomena

Establish and report actions

Technology
STEP 1 that started in past
Contributions to society

& Manufacturing
and continue
PLATFORM 3

Sicknesses
• Brainstorm
STEP 2 Describing health problems & Medical
• Vuhl: Mexico’s Supercar Treatment
• Survey: Have you ever…?
Harmful
Analyze and inform • The Most Important Inven-
STEP 3 or Useful
of harmful or useful actions tions in History
Inventions?

Ancient
Describe scientific
STEP 4 Inventions
and social achievements
& Discoveries
KEEP GOING
WRAP UP
reading speaking
language
& listening & writing

How we’ll live The Future

Future: Will
in 100 years will be Cool!

• Project: Me in 10 years
Wonderful What will you do
1st conditional • Logical thinking
Winter Weather if…?
• Competition: what’s going to happen?
What are you • Say it right: ai/ay
Future plans: Daniel Norris:
going to next • Language review
Be going to The Van Man
weekend? • Vocabulary review

Which option My plans after

Plan to …
for my plans? high school

Recommenda- Workplace Workplace

tions: Should advice advice

• Competition: funny laws presentation

Obligations: The Maestra
Rules for Flying • Project: 10 rules and recommendations
Have to, Must Tequilera
• Language review
Prohibitions: Finland: Students • Wonderful words: -ly
You mustn’t
Mustn’t, Can’t, don’t have to do • Say it right: oi/oy
do that!
Don’t have to homework • Vocabulary review
Speculation: Natural
Could, Might, The Kiri Tree Phenomena in
May my community

Mexico:
The Present Technology has
Innovation
Perfect changed a lot
for the World
• Logical thinking: Who invented what?
How long have
Present Perfect: Technology • Project: My favorite invention
you known him/
For/Since in Medicine • Language review
her?
• Competition: unforgettable experiences
Present Perfect: board game
Changing It hasn’t
ever, never, already,
the weather happened yet • Say it right: ph/f - v
still, yet, just
• Vocabulary review
Mexicans
Present Perfect Have you ever
Reinventing
vs Past Simple done that?
Plastic
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We would like to thank all our friends, family, colleagues and

loved ones for their continuous support, not only during this
lengthy project, but at every moment of our professional and
personal lives. Without your encouragement and help, none
of this would be possible. Thank you for being such a special
part of our lives. For Carmen: her sisters and brothers, and
specially her sons Daniel and Fernando and obviously thanks
to God. For Mike; July, Rosie, Jonathan, mum, dad, Charlie, Chris,
grandparents and all the rest.

A special thanks of course to Saúl Davalos, whose vision

and experience has made this project possible. Thanks for
organising everything and pushing us to get to where we are
today. Also to Felipe and David and their team for giving life and
color to our ideas. You have given clarity and order to our messy
ideas and made them even more attractive and appealing than
we could have ever imagined. Thanks for understanding and
complementing us so well!

A special mention and must be made to all our reviewers and

audio collaborators, Stuart Andrews; Ana Caballero; María de
la Luz Salazar Dominguez; Cuauhtémoc Gómez Castellanos;
Azucena Espinoza Guzmán; Ana Erandi Pintor Rivera; Alejandro
Rodríguez Caro and Fabiola Vega Arias.

And last, but not least, to our students. You are our inspiration
and the very reason for this series. We truly hope this material
helps you to achieve your goals and reach your potential. Good
luck, and enjoy!

Mike and Carmen.

 MY LIFE PLANS
Talk
about it

• What is the man doing in the picture?

• Where is he?
• What is he thinking?
• What is he planning for the future?
• What will he do next?

PLATFORM ONE
LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS:
Step 1: Describing personal goals.
Step 2: Distinguish and establish cause & effect.
Step 3: Discuss future actions.
Step 4: Describe future plans.

Platform One 1
 VOCABULARY

BRAINSTORM
START UP

What words do you know from these categories?

• Complete the spaces with all the words or terms you know.
The weather Future plans

Hobbies and free activities Opposite actions

Give
More
• Use the dictionary or internet to help you to complete all the spaces in each
category.
Compare
+ share • Now, compare all your complete boxes with your classmates.
• You can also add any extra words you find useful from your classmates’
answers.

2 Platform One
 NATALIE’S PLANS FOR NEXT WEEKEND

START UP
Warm up
What will you do next week? Do you have any plans?
Will you do anything special or different?
Listen
1 • Listen to Natalie organizing her plans for next week.
What will she do each day and at what time?
• Complete the spaces under each picture with the information you hear.

Day: Day:
Time: Time:

Day: Day:
Time: Time:

Day: Day: Day: Day:

Time: Time: Time: Time:

Day: Day:
Time: Time:
Talk
about it
• With your partner, talk about Natalie’s plans. Will she have an exciting week?
• Which will be her most interesting day in your opinion?

Platform One 3
 WHAT WILL HAPPEN NEXT?
START UP

Warm up

Look at these pictures. What is happening? What are the people doing?
Talk
about it
• What will happen next in these pictures?
Talk about your ideas with your partner:

Compare
+ Share
• Share your ideas with your
classmates. Who was right?
Who had the craziest ideas?

Give
More • Watch a video with your
teacher. Pause the video at
different moments. What will
happen next? Then, watch the
video to check your answers.

4 Platform One
 MALALA: A HOPE FOR THE FUTURE

KEEP GOING START UP

Warm up
What do you know about Pakistan? Where is it? Would you like to visit? Why
(not)? What do you know about Malala? If you don’t know about her, listen to
your classmates or teacher, or investigate on the internet.
Reading
• Read the text about Malala, her extraordinary past,
present and her plans for the future.

Malala: A hope for the future

I
n 2012, Malala Yousafzai was a 15-year-old economics at the world famous Oxford Univer-
schoolgirl in Swat Valley, Pakistan; an area sity in the United Kingdom.
controlled by the Taliban. Here, while she She’s also going to continue with her talks and
studied, she also campaigned as an activist for foundations to help to promote education op-
girls’ rights for an education and wrote on the portunities and initiatives for girls and women
BBC blog about her daily life and fight for equal all around the world.
education opportunities in Taliban controlled And after this? She wants to become prime
areas. minister of her country, Pakistan. “I can spend
This attracted the attention of the Taliban. On much of the budget on education”, she says.
9 October 2012 while she was traveling on her She knows it’s not going to be easy; “I need to
school bus, Taliban gunmen boarded the bus work a lot”, she continued.
and shot her in the head. They obviously want- But with her determination and courage, it’s
ed to kill her, but they didn’t. The bullet entered easy to see that she will make history again.
her head and passed to her neck and shoulder.
After a week in military hospital in Pakistan, doc-
tors transferred her to Birmingham, England, for
further treatment, where she made a full recov-
ery and continued her education and activism to
defend girls and women around the world.
The next year, Malala spoke to the United Na-
tions, Queen Elizabeth and other world leaders.
A year later she received the Nobel Peace Prize
and founded the Malala Fund to help girls around
the world access education. The United Nations
declared 12 July (Malala’s birthday), Malala Day.
And all of this before she became an adult!
Now, Malala has finished high school and is
thinking about what she is going to do in the fu-
ture. She plans to study philosophy, politics and for she social activism in pro
Practice women, I think this don´t like
• Use the information from the text to answer thesetaliban.
questions.

1 Where did Malala live when she was a child? she was lived in the valley
2 Swat,
Why do you think the Taliban wanted to kill her?
for Pakistán
she social activism in pro women I think dont like the taliban
3 Where is Malala living now? In the UK
4 What will Malala do after high school? She plans to study philosophy,politics & economics
5 If Malala becomes Prime Minister of Pakistan, what will she do?

Compare

• Check your answers with your classmates. What impacted you most about
+ share

Malala’s story? What words can you use to describe Malala and her life?
• What do you think Malala will do in the future?

Platform One 5
 VOCABULARY

OPPOSITE ACTIONS
What opposites do you know in English?
Warm up
KEEP GOING

• Think of an action and try to relate an opposite action to it.

Practice
• Share your ‘pairs’ with your partner.
• Put these opposite pairs under the corresponding pictures.

hear / say cover / show lead / follow

open / close save / spend fall / get up
remember/ forget live / die destroy / create

lead follow remember forget live die

fall get up hear say cover show

open close save spend destroy create

Give
More
• Do you know the opposites of these verbs? Write the answer in the space.

go stay eat drink teach learn

win lose turn on turn off push pull
wake up sleep buy sale ask answer
Compare
+Share

• Check your answers with your classmates. More than

one correct answer can be possible in some cases.

6 Platform One
 LANGUAGE

WILL: FUTURE
Hi Yanine. Are you OK? Yes, but I need some help with
my final project. It’s so difficult. I

No, don’t do that, I’ll help you.
I finished my project last week.
That way, you won’t lose any
points for an extension.
Today. I’ll be there
about 4 o’clock.
KEEP GOING
think I’ll talk to the teacher and
I’ll ask for an extension.
Thanks, George! I’ll wait for
you at home after classes.
When will you help me?

We use will to express the future

Predictions: I
Brazil has the best soccer team. you
They’ll win the tournament. he
Look at those clouds. It’ll rain tonight. she
We will (not) verb
it
normally Spontaneous decisions: we
use will you
in these Pete’s sad. I’ll speak to him later.
they
situations: My car has a problem. I’ll call the mechanic.
Promises and offers: • The train will arrive at platform 3.
• Sean won’t take his car to the party.
I won’t tell our secret to anybody.
• Miss Clarkson won’t be at the meeting.
I promise I’ll pay you the money next week.
I’ll call you when I arrive home safe. I
you
Practice he
• Put these words in the correct order to form sentences and she
questions with will. Will verb...?
it
1 you / I / send / an / ’ll / email. we
I´ll send you an email you
they
2 teacher / ? / the / to / speak / will / Jimmy
Will Jimmy to speak the teacher? • Will you finish the project on time?
3 won’t / to / go / with / Frank / us / party / the • When will the baseball game start?
Frank won´t to go the party us • Will your boss be in the office today?
4 high / after / do / what / you / ? / school / will
what will do you after high school We contract will to ’ll in
5 marvelous / be / last day / my / will / at / school affirmative sentences:
my last day be will marvelous at school • We’ll have a great time at the
And you?
AND YOU

• Complete these sentences with your ideas. party tomorrow. It’ll be amazing!

1 I think the next president of Mexico will We contract will not to won’t in
I will best practice in education negative sentences:
2 In my next vacations, I’ll I´ll travel for to other country
3 Next weekend, I won’t lose the show run by checo perez • I won’t speak to Janet because
she won’t be in the office today.
4 My cell phone doesn’t work, so I’ll buy antoher one
Compare
+Share • Compare your answers with your partner. Do you have similar
answers? Who has the most creative answers?

Platform One 7
 HOW WE’LL LIVE IN 100 YEARS
Warm up
Do you think we will live in space next century? How will houses change?
What will people do in their free time next century?
Reading
KEEP GOING

• Read the text and discover if your predictions are similar to what the scientists think.
Practice
• Read the text again and complete these sentences with information from the text.
You can also use your own vocabulary.

H
food from their favorite online designers technology, we will take virtual holidays,
ow will living habits change in the
and chefs. to any place in the world… or the galaxy!
next one hundred years? Will we
Medicine and science Electrodes attached to people’s heads
live on other planets? What will we
eat? How will we work and travel? With our modern, interconnected homes, will generate sounds, senses, movements
These are some of the questions that a you won’t need to visit the doctor. Houses and smells of our ideal vacation destina-
group of scientists are investigating. And will have medical diagnostic equipment tion, on our sofa!
here are their conclusions for life in 100 and your house will scan and send your Life in space
years’ time. personal daily medical details to a central But for those people who want to physi-
system. Then, another interconnected cally travel, we will have space travel for
Life at home
machine in the house will give you the ex- leisure and for permanent residence.
Many or all of
act medicine you need. That’s right. We will utilize or exhaust all
the objects in our
of many of Earth’s minerals and resourc-
home will be inter- Work
es, so companies and governments will
connected, and this We’ll work a shorter week and 3D holo-
look for them on the moon, asteroids and
will change the way grams will create efficient systems to
other areas of the solar system.
we live. For exam- work in different places and attend meet-
As a result, we’ll establish colonies on
ple, each home will ings almost simultaneously. So, we’ll trav-
the moon, then Mars and other planets.
have artificial intel- el less and have more free time.
We’ll start with the moon because of its
ligence help and Free time and leisure
proximity and then Mars because of its
a 3D printer. With this, families will ‘print’ And speaking of free time, what will we
underground water supplies.
their preferred furniture, curtains and even do? Well, with the advances in virtual
Compare
+
Share
• Compare the words or phrases in your spaces with your partner’s answers. If you have
different answers, are they both correct? Discuss them and make a decision.
1 Families will use a 3D printer to build and make their own objects and food at home.
2 In the future, people won’t go to the doctor frequently, because your house will analyze your health
results for you.
3 Workers will stay at home and they’ll attend meetings via a 3d Holograms .
4 People will benefit from virtual reality to ‘transport’ them to destinations at home.
5 Governments and business will investigate for live on other planets, moons and asteroids.
Listen
2
• Listen to these people in interviews about how they think we will live 100 years from now.
Complete the information below with their predictions.

Mila Eliana Julian

We’ll all We won’t Companies will
the trees and many species natural food and we’ll hotels and homes on other
of animals and plants will a new form planets. will
. of government. control some companies and
governments.
Give
More
• Who do you most agree with? Why? Share your opinions with your partner.

8 Platform One
 THE FUTURE WILL BE COOL!
Warm up

Do you think life will be better or worse in the future?

KEEP GOING
Does anything worry you about the futurte? What?
Talk
about it
• Look at these situations and imagine a response, using will. With your
partner, take it in turns to read one of the situations and give your answer.

I can’t move this box, I’ll help you.

it’s very heavy.

Your bedroom’s really dirty. I don’t understand this homework. The baby’s crying.

I’m so hungry! Quick! This man’s having a heart attack! Your phone’s ringing. The pizza’s here.

Don’t forget: it’s mom’s birthday next week. Ouch! I cut my hand. My computer doesn’t work.

Practice
• Look at these predictions of life in the next century. Which of these situations will occur? Which
won’t? Write the approximate year that you think they will happen.

Talk
about it

    People will live to 130 Humans will also live on Mars. Put these predictions
in the order you think
 Everybody in the world will     The Amazon rainforest will they will happen.
have access to clean drinking disappear. Compare your answers
water. We’ll drive in flying cars. with your classmates. Do
    Every house will have its own     Scientists will find a cure for you have the same vision
personal robot. cancer. of the future? Explain your
decisions and reasons to
your classmates.
Write
• Can you imagine the world in 50 years? What will be different?
about it How will we live? Write a short text to describe how the world will
be in 2070. Don’t forget to use will. Use the categories on the right
to help you.

Life in 2070 will language technology

weather politics
houses medicine
cars space travel
transport energy

Compare
+ Share

• Compare your predictions with your partner. Who has the most futuristic vision?

Platform One 9
 VOCABULARY

WHAT’S THE WEATHER LIKE?

Warm up
What’s your favorite type of weather? Do you like the weather
KEEP GOING

in your town/city? Why?

Practice
• Look at these images of weather vocabulary and the phrases used.
Complete the phrases with the correct words in each box.

It’s... foggy snowy cloudy/overcast sunny rainy clear windy

It’s... It’s... It’s... It’s...

It’s... It’s... It’s...

There’s... hail ice snow fog lightning a storm a rainbow

There’s... There’s
There’s... There’s...

There’s... There’s... There’s... There’s...

Practice

• Put these temperatures in the correct spaces on the scale.

Give
cool  hot  cold  warm
More
• What other weather vocabulary do you know?
• What weather do you have in your town/city?

10 Platform One
 LANGUAGE

1ST CONDITIONAL: WHAT WILL YOU DO IF IT RAINS?

Hi Yanine. What are you I’m going to go to the beach
going to do this weekend? with some friends. Do you

KEEP GOING
want to come with us?
No thanks, I have to work. But, have
you seen the weather forecast? No, I haven’t. What does it say?

Well, it says it’s going to rain. Well, if it rains, we’ll stay

What will you do if it rains? in the house and chat
together. And if it’s sunny,
we’ll chat on the beach.

TIP!
If + present… will + verb We use the first conditional
to talk about real, possible
condition effect or probable situations.

Remember
If we have snow tomorrow, we’ll make a snowman.
If it rains, we won’t go to the beach. We can change the order
of the sentence,
If it’s sunny, I’ll go to the park.
I’ll be happy if I pass my final exam. condition + effect
or
My parents won’t be proud if I don’t pass this semester. effect + condition.
I won’t go outside if there’s snow tomorrow.
If it’s cold, I’ll stay at home.
I’ll stay at home if it’s cold.

Practice
Condition or effect?
• Read these sentences carefully. Circle the condition part and
underline the effect part.

1 If it rains tomorrow, I won’t wash my car.

2 We’ll make a snowman if it snows at the weekend.
3 My friends and I will play soccer later if the weather’s good.
4 My plants will grow if there’s a lot of rain this summer.

Practice
• Circle the correct form of the verb to complete each sentence.
1 If it’s hot tomorrow, I use / ’ll use / don’t use the air conditioning.
2 I skate/’ll skate/don’t skate on the ice tomorrow if it’s very cold.
3 If this cold weather continue / will continue / continues, I’ll buy a new jacket.
4 If there’s a rainbow in the sky after the storm, I take / takes / ’ll take a photo of it.
5 I drive / drives / won’t drive my car if there’s a lot of snow on the roads.

And you?
AND YOU
• Complete these sentences with what you will do in these
conditions. You can use will or won’t.
1 If it rains tomorrow, I...
2 If I pass this semester,...
3 If there’s a lightning storm,...
4 If I don’t have homework tonight,...

Platform One 11
 WONDERFUL WINTER WEATHER
Warm up

Do you like cold weather? Would you like to visit the Arctic Circle? Why (not)?
KEEP GOING

Reading
• Look at these two texts about unique creations in difficult winter conditions.
Ice Hotel Sun Mirrors
Welcome to the Swedish village of Do you like the sun? Well, the
Jukkasjärvi, 200 km north of the Arctic inhabitants of a small village in
Circle. This is the home of the world’s southern Norway, like it so much
first hotel made of ice and snow. that they built three enormous
Every spring, the sun shines again and mirrors to bring the sun to them.
the hotel starts to melt and disappear. As you can see from the picture,
Then, in the winter, artists from all across the small village of Rjukan is
the world come to Sweden to make their located in a valley between 2 tall
creations. That’s right: every year, a variety of artists mountains. So, during the winter, the
create hotel rooms which are also works of art. If the snow sun doesn’t arrive down to the village, and
and ice come early, the artists start their creations early. And the residents live in a permanent shadow. That’s
if the sun arrives early in the spring, the hotel closes early. why an artist and local resident called Martin
The artists use blocks of ice from the local Torne River Andersen designed the project to build these
to make the walls of their structures. When the winter mirrors and bring the sun to his hidden village.
arrives, the river freezes and the artists use this ice for their Thanks to this project, during the winter, if it’s
creations. sunny, the mirrors will reflect the light down from
The Icehotel definitely gives its guests a unique experience. the top of the mountains into the village in the
Is this hotel for you? valley. So, even in the winter, the residents can
Practice feel the summer sun.

• Read the texts again and use the information from each text to give the answers.
1 What two materials do the people use to build the 1 Where is the village of Rjukan located?
IceHotel?
2 Who builds the IceHotel? 2 Why doesn’t the sun arrive to the village in the winter?
3 Why do they build the hotel again every year?
3 What did Martin Andersen do?
4 Where do they get the ice for the hotel from?
4 What do the mirrors do?
Compare
+ Share

• Check your answers with your partner. Do you have the same answers?
Listen
3
• Listen to these weather forecasts for cities in Mexico, Britain and Canada.
Complete the reporter’s notes with the missing information you hear.

Cambridge, UK Toronto, Canada Monterrey, Mexico

Temperature now: °C Yesterday, it was , Today’s weather conditions:

At the moment it’s , with a temperature of °F Temperature: °C
Tomorrow, the weather will be Today, there’s It’s and
and Tonight, it’ll be Tomorrow’s weather conditions:
Tomorrow’s temperature: and . Temperature: °C
°C It’ll be and

Compare
+ share • Check your answers with your partner. And you?
AND YOU • Which city’s weather do you prefer?
Make any changes or listen again if Why? Which city has similar weather
necessary. conditions to where you live now?

12 Platform One
 WHAT WILL YOU DO IF…?
Warm up

What’s the weather like now? What will you do if the weather changes?

KEEP GOING
Talk
about it
• In pairs, select one of the phrases below. One student finishes the sentence,
using will. The next student asks him/her a question in 1st conditional to continue
the sequence. The other student answers the question in 1st conditional. Try to
continue the sequence as long as possible.

If it rains this evening… If you fail your English exam…

If it’s snowy tomorrow… If there’s lightning/a storm today…

If the teacher doesn’t come If there’s a rainbow…

to class tomorrow…
If your favorite soccer team loses
If there’s hail and ice tonight… their next match…

If it rains this evening, What will you do if you

I won’t go to the park. don’t go to the park?

If I don’t go to the What will you do if you

park I’ll stay home. stay at home?

Student 1 Student 2

Write
about it
• Now, choose another phrase from above and continue the story. Remember to use
the 1st conditional in all your sentences to continue the sequence. Write a minimum
of 6 sentences.

If it rains this evening, I’ll get wet. If I get wet, I’ll be sick. If I’m sick, I won’t go to
class tomorrow. If I don’t go to class tomorrow, I won’t do the exam...

If...

Write
about it
• Look at the map of Mexico and write a weather report.
Include the relevant parts of the country.

In the north-east it’s…

Compare
+ share

• Check your report with your partner. Make any changes if necessary.

Platform One 13
 VOCABULARY

HOBBIES + FREE TIME ACTIVITIES

Warm up
What do you like to do in your free time?
KEEP GOING

Are you a sociable person?

Practice Do you prefer to spend time with friends and family, or on your own?
• Put these words and phrases under their corresponding image.

go to the mall have a coffee do exercise/go to the gym

clean your bedroom go to a party hang out/meet up with friends
watch a movie have lunch visit friends or family
go for a walk go shopping spend time with your boyfriend/girlfriend

And you?
AND YOU • Which of these activities do you Give
More • Which of these activities
like to do in your free time? are you going to do next
• Which of these activities are you weekend?
going to do next weekend?

14 Platform One
 LANGUAGE

BE GOING TO: FUTURE PLANS

Hey George! We’re going to
graduate next month. What are I don’t know. I’m going to work

KEEP GOING
you going to do after high school? with my uncle for six months
in his factory. And you?

I’m going to study business

administration at the Autonomous Wow! That sounds interesting. But,
University, in Mexico City. where are you going to live?

Well, my aunt and uncle live there,

so I’m going to stay with them. Well, maybe I’ll visit you there.
You can show me the sights.
Of course!

be + going to + verb
 I am (not) going to study.
TIP!
 He/she/it is (not) going to work.
We use be going Remember
to to talk about  We/you/they are (not) going to play.
plans in the Don’t forget the correct form
future or future  Am I going to eat? of to be, or its contraction:
predictions I’m going to travel.
based on facts/  Is he/she/it going to decide? We’re going to eat.
evidence.  Are we/you/they going to move? She’s going to pay.

Practice
• Complete these sentences with the missing word necessary.
1 Next weekend, my friends and I going to visit the beach.
2 you going to buy a new cellphone soon?
3 The hospital workers are going work through the holiday weekend.
4 Alan’s to travel South America this summer.
5 Erick’s children aren’t going volunteer after high school.
Practice
• Put these sentences and questions in the correct order.
1 another / learn / Amy / to/ going / language /not / is

2 the holiday weekend / what / to / are / you / going / do / on / ?

3 university / ? / study / James / is / where / to / going

4 the local factory / Denise / get / is / going / work experience / to / at

And you?
• Complete the answers to the questions with your personal information.
AND YOU

1 What are you going to do after high school? After high school, I’m going to...
2 What are you going to do next weekend? Next weekend, I’m...
3 What are you going to do this evening? This evening...
4 What is your best friend going to do this afternoon? He/she...

Platform One 15
 DANIEL NORRIS: THE ‘VAN MAN’
Warm up Who is your favorite celebrity or famous person?
Do you like to follow the lives of celebrities? Why (not)?
KEEP GOING

Are there any famous people who you admire? Why do you admire them?
• Think of sports stars and choose 3 adjectives to describe them in general.
• Share your descriptions with your classmates. What is similar
or different about your opinions of famous sports people?

Read • Read this text about the famous baseball

player Daniel Norris and his surprising
free time activities.

Daniel Norris: The ‘Van Man’

M
eet Daniel Norris, pitcher for the Detroit Tigers
team in the USA’s Major League Baseball. Be-
fore he started his professional baseball career
with the Toronto Blue Jays in 2011, Norris lived with his
family in their bicycle repair shop in Tennessee. There,
he learned the importance of living in contact with na-
ture and appreciating the small and simple pleasures
of life.
When he received $2 million to sign with the Blue Jays, poor”, he says. "I like to explore so sometimes I'll just
he immediately bought the vehicle of his dreams: a stop at the side of the road and look around. There's no
1978 Volkswagen camper van. He called the van Shag- plan involved."
gy, like the Scooby Doo character. Daniel also loves to take photos of the beautiful views
This is where he lives for many months each year. He he enjoys every day and share them on Instagram with
has a bed, a small kitchen and everything he needs to his fans.
live a simple, peaceful life, just the way he likes it. But don’t get confused: baseball is the most important
After the baseball season ends, Daniel takes his van thing in Daniel’s life. The way he sees things, if he’s go-
and drives… anywhere he wants. He loves to travel, hang ing to have a great baseball season, he needs to start
out and enjoy a simple life, where he lives on just $800 out happy and balanced. That’s why his pre-season trav-
a month: “I'm actually more comfortable being kind of els and minimalistic lifestyle are so important to him.

Practice
• Read the article again and answer these questions with information from the text.
And you?
1 Why do people call Daniel the ‘Van Man’? AND YOU

2 Why did Daniel call his van ‘Shaggy’?  What’s

3 Why does Daniel only spend $800 a month? your opinion
4 What does Daniel do in his van? of Daniel and his
5 According to Daniel, how does this simple, minimalistic life help his baseball? ‘unconventional’
lifestyle?
Listen
4
• Listen to these 5
people talk about what
they’re going to do next
weekend. Complete the Grace Lila Leo Audrey Joseph
sentence to describe She’s going to She’s He’s She’s He’s
what each person is
going to do.

16 Platform One
 WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO NEXT WEEKEND?
Warm up
What are you going to do in your next vacations?

KEEP GOING
Where are you going to go? Who are you going to be with?
And you?
AND YOU

• Complete this diary with the things you’re going to do next

weekend. Add as many details as possible.

My diary ’s diary

Morning Morning
Friday

Friday
Afternoon Afternoon

Evening Evening

Morning Morning
Saturday

Saturday
Afternoon Afternoon

Evening Evening

Morning Morning
Sunday

Sunday

Afternoon Afternoon

Evening Evening

Talk
about it
• Now, ask your partner questions about what he/she is going to do next weekend.
• Be sure to ask full questions and answer with full sentences and details.

What are you going to I’m going to have lunch with

do on Friday afternoon? my friends in the mall.

Write
about it
• Who is going to have the most exciting weekend? Choose your or your partner’s
diary for this weekend and describe what you or he/she is going to do in a short
text. Add all the extra details and include 2 negatives.

Next weekend, _

Compare
+ share

• Check your writing with your partner, paying special attention

to the uses of be going to. Make any changes if necessary.

Platform One 17
 VOCABULARY

FUTURE PLANS
Warm up
What plans do you have for the future? What are you going to do next month?
KEEP GOING

Next year? In the next five or ten years?

Practice
• Look at the pictures. What are the people planning to do in each image? Put the
words and phrases in the bubble under the corresponding image.

Volunteer

Get work experience Work part-time

Learn to cook Travel

Learn another language Learn a new skill

Go to university Work as a nanny

Tutor children Take an internship

Give
More And you?
AND YOU
• Which of these plans do you
• With your classmates, think of have? What will you do?
other plans some of you have
• Talk specifically about your
for the future after high school.
plans with your partner.

18 Platform One
 LANGUAGE

FUTURE PLANS: PLAN TO

Hey George. What are you doing? I’m looking at university brochures.

What university do you plan to attend?
Well, I don’t plan to study
anymore. I want to travel and get
work experience in a workshop. I
want to be a mechanic.
KEEP GOING
I’m thinking of UNAM in Mexico
City. And you? What do you plan
to do after high school?
Sounds interesting. But,
you also need to study to
be a mechanic, remember!

When we have 2 I don’t plan to work in a workshop after university.

verbs together, we
normally put the We need to talk about the problem with Stacey.
second verb in the George doesn’t want to travel around Europe.
infinitive form. The Next week, I’ll start to look for an internship.
infinitive form is
to + verb. What do you want to eat for lunch?

Practice

• Put these words in the correct order to form sentences and questions.
1 doesn’t / to / children / the / Abigail / primary school / want / tutor / from

2 plan / to / to / ? / do / university / high school / you / go / after

3 this summer / will / learn / a / Lucas / new / skill / to / start

4 a / as / to / for / in / a year / plans / Ellie / Canada / nanny / work

Practice
• Use the verbs from the box to complete these sentences. Read the sentence carefully
to choose the most appropriate verb and don’t forget to add ‘to’ between the verbs!

travel  volunteer  work  learn  take

1 Mason and Lily want around South America and discover the ancient ruins after high school.
2 I plan at a hospital on the weekends and help the sick people.
3 Emily will start an internship at an accounting firm because she really likes numbers.
4 I need part time at a supermarket, because I need some money, urgently!
5 I want to cook, because when I go to live in another city, my mom won’t cook for me.

And you?
AND YOU

• Answer these questions about you. Don’t forget to add to between the 2 verbs.
1 What do you need to do this week? I need to
2 What will you start to do next semester? I’ll start to
3 What do you want to do this weekend?
4 What do you plan to do after high school?

Platform One 19
 WHICH OPTION FOR MY PLANS?
Warm up

If you want to do something new, where do you look for opportunities? Why?
KEEP GOING

Reading
• Look at these 4 students’ personal statements about their plans after they leave
high school. Pay attention to the key words to help you understand and detect their
needs. Decide on the best ad from the 8 options on the right, according to each
person’s plans. Don’t repeat the ads. Put the letter in the circle of each description.
You won’t use all the options.

A Canadian Nanny Services Wyatt Dunkins, 17 Alice Taylor, 18

If you love kids this is the I want to help I love kids and I want
option for you! We need male people. I have my to help them. I’m a
and female nannies to look university course good student and I
after children of all ages. ready (I’ll start to often help my friends
study medicine in with their home-
B Cookery classes
September). I need to work if they have
feel useful and I like to make peo- problems or they don’t understand
Learn the basics, from salads
ple happy. I don’t want any money things.
and sandwiches to soufflé!
for what I do.

C Worldwide Travel Agen

cy
Scarlett Lewis, 17 Julian Hall, 18
We organize trips, tours and I don’t know what I I don’t want to work,
excursions to the most amazing and want to do after high but I want to have
fascinating corners of the planet! school, I have no new skills, because
idea! I can’t find any- I only know how to
thing interesting on use a computer. I
D Volunteering Services the internet. I think want to learn new
I need to get practical experience things, because I need to have
Want to help others in need? This
in different areas. The extra money more practical, everyday abilities.
is the place for you. We visit and
can also help!
help the poor, sick and elderly.

E Business Internships F Students Helping Students G Learn Something New

We have contacts in more Would you like some extra We offer more than 1,000 courses to learn
than 50,000 companies. We money teaching younger a wide variety of skills —you choose!
can offer you an internship students? We need tutors for Painting, horse-riding, languages, etc.
in any company you need! all subjects.
H Work experience opportunities
We offer you work experience in factories,
Give
More • Underline the key words in each person’s stores, laboratories, etc. You get experience
descriptions. Do these key words match in the field and some extra money!
with the option you selected for them? Why?
Listen
5
• Listen to these 4 students talk
about their plans and choose
the advert that describes what
they plan to do next summer.
Write the letter in the circle
next to each person.
Leah Logan Nora Carter

20 Platform One
 MY PLANS AFTER HIGH SCHOOL
Warm up
Are you certain about your future?

KEEP GOING
Do you know exactly what you want to do after high school?
Do you have your plans organized?

And you?
AND YOU
• Look at the table below about your plans after high school.
• Check the boxes that correspond to your plans and give any details where possible.

Plans after Me My partner

high school Details Details
Go to university?

Travel?

Learn a new skill?

Volunteer?

Work part time

Take an internship

Tutor children

Other: specify

Talk
about it
• Now, ask your partner about his/her plans. Remember to ask full,
complete questions and give full answers.

Do you plan to go
to university? Yes, I plan to go to the Autónoma
University. I want to study architecture.

Do you want to travel?

Yes. I want to travel to
Chiapas and Oaxaca.
Write
about it
• Now, write about your plans for after high school. What do you plan to do?
Where do you plan to go? Try to give as much information as possible.

After high school, I plan to

Compare
+ share

• Check your writing with your partner and make any changes if necessary.

Platform One 21
 PROJECT

ME IN 10 YEARS
Warm up

What plans do you have for the future? Where will you live?
Where will you work? Will you have a family?
Talk
about it

• Imagine yourself in 10 years from now. What will change? What plans do you have?
• Share your ideas with your classmates.

• Write a short description or a poster with images of how you see yourself in 10
WRAP UP

Write
about it
years from now. Include your plans for your studies and education, your job and
your family.

• Remember to include the following points in your description or poster:

 Min. 2 examples of will

 What you’ll study
 Min. 2 examples of be going to
 A description of your profession/job
 Min. 2 examples of plan to
 A description of your family
 Where you’ll live

Compare
+ share

Present your description to your classmates. What similarities and differences

did you find? What things about your classmates’ future surprises you?

22 Platform One
 LOGICAL THINKING: IF…
Warm up
Are you a logical thinker? Do you read texts carefully? Do you pay lots of
attention to all the details when you read?
Reading
• In this exercise, you have to read all the sentences in each question very carefully.
The sentences will guide you to the answer. In each question, the answer is a letter.

• Try to complete the activity as fast as possible.

WRAP UP
I
f Mexico is a country south of the PANCAKES EVERY MORNING. The
USA, the answer is a letter in the word answer to this question is not in any of
MEXICO. If you are not Japanese, the these words: ALPHABET, CONFIRMED,
answer is a vowel. If you are studying X-RAYS, KING, QUEEN, ORGANIZE, VIOLET,
English, the answer is in the word FRIEND. WHITE, REFRIGERATOR or OCCUPATION.
If you think that the capital city of Canada
is Ottawa, the answer is in the word
The answer to this question is a letter in
ANSWER. If you think that China is not a
the name of the country where you live. If
country in Asia, the answer is not in the
you think that the capital city of France is
word HELLO.
Paris, the answer to this question is in the
If you think that the number of players word FRANCE, but not in the word PARIS.
in a basketball team is more than 4 If the first word of this sentence is IF, the
and less than 6, the answer to this answer to this question is not in the word
question is a letter in this combination: PHRASE, but it is in the word LOGIC.
OUEXCUENMCBVNZMQ. If you think The answer to this question is a conso-
that the number of players in a soccer nant, but it is not in the words SNOW, ICE,
team is more than 10, the answer to CLOUDY or LIGHTNING. You can find this
this question is not in this combination: answer only three times in the sentence:
REQPWDJNVMFLAK. The answer to this MEXICO HAS WARM WEATHER AND
question is the last letter of the alphabet. SOMETIMES IT HAS STORMS. If you think
that Mexico is a country south of the USA
If you think that humans have two eyes, and north of Guatemala, the answer is in
two ears, two elbows, two ankles and the word HAIL.
one stomach, the answer to this question
is in the word BODY. The answer to this
question is in the word QUESTION, but not
in the word ANSWER. The answer to this
question is not in these words: SPEAK,
BREAK, FURNITURE, WRITE.
You can find the answer to this question
one time in the phrase: WE DRINK
ORANGE JUICE AND EAT SWEET
Compare
+ share • Compare your answers with your classmates. Do
you have the correct answers? Who completed it the
fastest? Who’s the best logical thinker?

Platform One 23
 COMPETITION

WHAT’S GOING TO HAPPEN?

Presentation

• Watch the presentation of these funny situations. What’s going to happen next? In
teams, invent a funny, creative sentence to describe what’s going to happen next in
each picture, be sure to form the sentence in the future tense correctly. The team
with the funniest, most imaginative (and correct) sentence will win the point.

COMPETITION

NATIONAL WEATHER FORECAST

Practice
• In teams, look at these weather symbols. What weather conditions do they
represent? Check with your classmates.

Practice
• Look at the
map below. Do
you know all
the states of
the country?
Check with your
classmates.
Listen
6
• Listen to the national weather forecast and put the weather symbols in the correct
position on the map. Be as pr-ecise as possible.
• Pay attention! You will have to work together because there’s a lot of information,
very fast. The team with the most accurate map with all the symbols in the correct
places will win.

24 Platform One
 SAY IT RIGHT: AI/AY
Listen We can combine the vowel a + -i or -y to create a specific sound
7
• Listen to the pronunciation of these words:

brain paint rain play day bay

train chair Spain pay way pray

ai ay
Practice
• Now, practice the pronunciation of these words. Ask
your classmate to check your pronunciation.
Give
More • Make a list of other words you know with ai/ay.

Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers with your classmates. Add any extra words you find.

FIND THE SOUND!

Listen
8 The ai/ay sound is similar (but different) to the e sound.
• Listen and compare the sounds:
sail-sell  main-men  fail-fell  aid-ed

Practice
• Practice pronouncing these different pairs of words.
Pay attention to the different pronunciations.
Listen
9 • Listen carefully and circle the words you hear.
1 tail tell 5 jail gel
2 raid red 6 hair her
3 hail hell 7 mail mel
4 waist west 8 bait bet

Platform One 25
 LANGUAGE REVIEW
• Put these words in the correct order to write different sentences and questions in the future.
1. work / Landon / to / needs / get / experience
2. in / the local café / part-time / plans / to / Nora / work 
3. snowy / be / tomorrow / cold / will / it / and
4. want / next / ? / does / year / Isaac / to / travel
5. next / study / my / medicine / semester / brother / won’t
WRAP UP

6. if / rains / the park / won’t / go / I / to / it
7. you / to / weekend / what / going / ? / do / next / are
8. will / there’s / tomorrow / snow / ? / do / if / what / you 
9. high school / doesn’t / to / to / university / Camilla / after / go / plan
10. are / to / movie / a / the / girls / going / watch / this afternoon
/10

• Circle the correct answer to complete these conditions. Pay attention to the cause and the consequence.

1. If there’s a storm I go out tomorrow.

(a) don’t  (b) won’t  (c) not  (d) am

2. Mr Young will speak to the manager if he time.

(a) have  (b) has  (c) will  (d) will have

3. If there’s a vacancy at the local supermarket, Jack part-time.

(a) work  (b) works  (c) will  (d) will work

4. We’ll the bus if my car doesn’t work.

(a) not  (b) will  (c) take  (d) takes

5. If fog tomorrow morning, Ms Carter won’t drive to work.

(a) there  (b) will be  (c) there’s  (d) won’t be

6. Owen and Evelyn will go for a walk in the park next weekend if Owen work.
(a) do not  (b) won’t  (c) will  (d) doesn’t

7. If he has time, Ryan lunch with Scarlett and Mila tomorrow afternoon.
(a) will  (b) have  (c) will have  (d) has

8. The Conner family won’t go to the beach if cloudy and overcast tomorrow.
(a) it’s  (b) it will be  (c) it won’t be  (d) isn’t

9. If I homework today I won’t go to the cinema.

(a) has  (b) have  (c) will have  (d) won’t have

10. Logan will ask his teacher for help if he him in school.
(a) will see  (b) won’t sees  (c) see  (d) sees
/10

• Change these future sentences to negative.

1. Carter and Layla are going to hang out at the mall.
2. The high school students plan to pass the final semester.
3. Mitchell’s going to have a party this weekend.
4. Malala plans to be prime minister of her country one day.
5. I’ll help you with your assignment after my baseball training.
6. Sophie needs to buy a new computer for her design class.
7. Mr and Mrs Baxter want to travel to South America next year.

26 Platform One
8. With my new part-time job, I’ll save a lot of money for my next vacations.

9. The teacher’s going to show us a lot of useful tips in class today.

10. We’ll start to organize the graduation party in the general meeting today.
/10
• Read and analyse these sentences carefully. In each sentence, one word is missing.

WRAP UP
Fill in the spaces with the missing word.
1. Natalie has a problem with her car, she’ll speak to her mechanic.

2. You going to have a lot of difficult decisions in the future, son.

3. The company plans close their offices in Houston because of financial problems.

4. Andrew will make an appointment with his doctor he feels sick.

5. Hannah wants help Gabriel and Ellie with their relationship problems.

6. Grace not going to participate in the science presentation.

7. The coach cancel the training session if there’s a storm.

8. Cameron needs learn another language for his new job in an international accounting company.

9. The students are going attend an important conference about new medical techniques.

10. I’ll stay at home if there ice on the roads, because driving conditions are dangerous.
/10

SELF-ASSESSMENT
I need more almost a piece
Language functions: practice perfect of cake!

STEP 1: Describing personal goals

STEP 2: Distinguish and establish cause & effect
STEP 3: Discuss future actions
STEP 4: Describe future plans

GRADE YOURSELF!
• Give yourself a grade out of 10 for the language from this unit

Language: Vocabulary:

Future: Will /10 Opposite actions /10

1st conditional /10 Weather /10
Future plans: Be going to /10 Hobbies & free time activities /10
Plan to… /10 Future plans /10

Platform One 27
 VOCABULARY REVIEW
• Unscramble these words and phrases to correctly write the vocabulary from these
unit. You can use the previous pages to help you.

Hobbies and free time activities The weather

WRAP UP

og to a typra loco
nalce ruyo romebod gof
chawt a emvio tho
densp meti tiwh ruyo flirreding cei
od sceerexi ilah
og fro a kawl troms
veah clunh dloc
stivi dernifs ro yamfil recal
ganh tou tihw serndif nynus
og ot het laml aryin
heav a efefoc marw
og phipongs ydwin
dulcoy
gogyf
Opposite actions wobrain
yowns
memebrer thilinggn
yas
teg pu
wosh Future plans
eavs
dale og ot surnytivei
evil kwor trap-meit
noep lavter
dertsoy ranel tarnohe ungeagal
edi keat na pintershin
lalf ralen ot koco
areh erolnetvu
recov korw sa a ynann
seloc teg rowk ricepeenxe
wololf turot crinheld
trefog renal a wen lilks
denps
artcee

28 Platform One
 THE WORLD AROUND US
Talk
about it
• Where is this picture?
• What are the people doing?
• Would you like to visit this place?
• Why?

PLATFORM TWO
LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS:
Step 1: Giving suggestions & recommendations.
Step 2: Expressing obligations.
Step 3: Describing school problems.
Step 4: Making speculations.

Platform Two 29
 THE COOLEST OFFICES IN THE WORLD?
START UP

Warm up

What items do you normally find in an office?

What do you normally do in an office?
Would you like to have an office job? Why (not)?
Talk
about it • Look at the pictures below. What can you see?
Choose some adjectives to describe the images.
• What can you do in these places? Where do you think these offices are?
Listen
10
• Listen to the descriptions of some of Google’s offices from around the world.
Which picture are they describing? Where is the office? Write the number and
location of each image.

Location: Location:

Location: Location:

Location: Location:
Give
More • Why do you think Google design their offices this way? How do you think the
workers there feel? Is this the future of offices? Can you imagine this in Mexico?
Why (not)?

30 Platform Two
 SIGNS

START UP
Warm up

What signs are there in your classroom? In your school? What type of signs
are they? Are they prohibitions, obligations or recommendations? Do they
have symbols, images or colors?
Reading
• Look at these signs and decide where you could find it and what type of sign it is: a
recommendation, a prohibition or an obligation. Pick the correct answer.

1 2 3

Where can you find the sign? Where can you find the sign? Where can you find the sign?

Recommendation Recommendation Recommendation

Prohibition Prohibition Prohibition
Obligation Obligation Obligation

4 5 6

Where can you find the sign? Where can you find the sign? Where can you find the sign?

Recommendation Recommendation Recommendation

Prohibition Prohibition Prohibition
Obligation Obligation Obligation

7 8 9

Where can you find the sign? Where can you find the sign? Where can you find the sign?

Recommendation Recommendation Recommendation

Prohibition Prohibition Prohibition
Obligation Obligation Obligation

Practice
• Read and analyze the signs form above and write the number or numbers of the
sign or signs that corresponds to the description.
1 This sign protects people from electrical accidents.
2 This sign protects people who can’t swim well.
3 This sign recommends that people walk in another space.
4 This sign wants you to protect the delicate contents inside.
5 This sign is for drivers.
6 This place is only for authorized people.
7 This sign wants to protect the clean air.
8 If you want to enter this space you must have specific safety equipment.
9 In this space, you probably have to be quiet.

Platform Two 31
 VOCABULARY

BRAINSTORM
START UP

What words do you know from these categories?

• Complete the spaces with all the words or terms you know.
At the office At the airport Problems at school

Climatic conditions Workplace activities Natural disasters

Give
More

• Use the dictionary or internet to complete all the spaces in each category.
Compare
+ share • Now, compare all your complete boxes with your classmates.
• You can also add any extra vocabulary you find useful from your classmates’
answers.

32 Platform Two
 EXTREME AIRPORTS

START UP
Warm up
• Have you traveled by plane? Are you scared of flying? What is the scariest
part of traveling by air?
• What does a pilot have to do? What skills does a pilot have to have?
Reading
Being a pilot is a difficult, stressful and sometimes dangerous job. If you have problems
parking a car in a small space, imagine trying to land an enormous plane with hundreds of
passengers on a runway surrounded by water, beaches or mountains! These are some of
the most dangerous airports in the world.

Princess Juliana Airport, Saint Martin Lukla Airport, Nepal

This airport is located on a
This is the closest airport to
small, idyllic island in the Carib-
Mount Everest, located in the
bean Sea. Because the island
Himalayan Mountains, at an
is so small, the runway ends
altitude of 2,900 meters. As
at the beginning of the popular
you can imagine at such a
Maho beach. Pilots pass just
dangerous location, the brave
10 meters above the tourists on
pilots must negotiate a runway
the beach: a great opportunity
with the base of a mountain
for some amazing photos. Of course, being in so close to
at one end, and a 1,000 meter drop into a valley on the other
airplanes and their jets is extremely dangerous, so there are
end. Not good if you’re afraid of heights!
some (very important) signs to protect visitors!

Barra Airport, Scotland Courchevel Airport, France

This part-time ‘airport’ is on Another mountain location,
the beach of an island in this time in the French Alps.
north-west Scotland and it This very short runway has a
uses the sandy beach for a gradient of 18.5% and often
runway! When the sea is high, the pilot has to battle against
the runway doesn’t exist, fog and clouds, so he must
because it’s underwater! The use all his experience and
local inhabitants have to training to arrive safely.
put wooden poles and signs
in the sand to mark the runway when planes are arriving. At
Practice
night, they have to illuminate the runway with their car and
truck lights.
• Write the name of the airport(s) that
correspond to each question.
Gibraltar Airport, Gibraltar
1 Which airport(s) is on an island?
Gibraltar Airport, Gibraltar
Another small island airport,
the runway passes through 2 Which airport(s) is temporary?
the middle of the main street
of the city. Here, pilots don’t 3
have to worry about large
Which airport is surrounded by mountains?
obstacles like mountains, but
they have to negotiate cars, 4 Which airport has bad weather conditions?
buses and trucks! Local traffic must stop every time a plane
lands or takes off.
5 Which airport is in the center of the city?

Give
More And you?
• What new vocabulary did you learn
AND YOU

• Which airport is the most frightening for

in these texts? Underline the words.
you? Why? Share your opinion with your
What is their meaning? Check your
classmates. Do you have the same fears?
answers with your classmates.

Platform Two 33
 VOCABULARY

IN THE WORKPLACE
Warm up
Would you like to work in an office? Why (not)?
Would you prefer to be a manager or a worker? Why?
KEEP GOING

Do you have any work experience? Where have you worked? Did you like it? Why?
Practice

• Put the words from the box under the correct picture.

meeting room manager reception desk colleagues/coworkers

employee workstation an interview attend meetings
work overtime apply for a job fired/sacked have a conference call
resign/quit type a report secretary/receptionist private office

People

Office spaces

The employment process

Office activities

Give
More Compare
+ share
• Share your extra
• What other words vocabulary with your
related to office work
classmates. Add
do you know? Write
any new words you
them in the space.
learned.

34 Platform Two
 LANGUAGE

RECOMMENDATIONS: SHOULD
Hi Josh, you look smart! Big date? No, I have an interview in a
couple of hours, so I wanted to

KEEP GOING
make a good impression.
Well, in that case, you should
relax and be yourself.
Thanks. Should I
wear a tie with this?
No, I think it’s fine. You
shouldn’t exaggerate things. But
you should change that shirt. Thanks.

Good luck!

Remember I  A good student

You should always do his/her
We use should to give
recommendations or He homework.
suggestions. She should verb
It  A good manager
We should listen to his/her
Practice • Read the sentences carefully and decide They coworkers.
if should or shouldn’t makes more sense.
Circle the correct answer. I
You  A good student
1 If you have a problem with your colleagues, He shouldn’t talk in class
you should / shouldn’t speak to the manager. She shouldn’t verb  You shouldn’t wear
2 It casual clothes to a job
You should / shouldn’t dress formally if you
We interview.
want to make a good impression at your job They
interview.
I
3 All students should / shouldn’t study before you  What clothes should I
important exams at school. he wear to the interview?
4 Employees should / shouldn’t interrupt their Should she verb…?  Should I tell my
manager. it teacher about this
5 A good teacher should / shouldn’t listen to we problem?
they
his/her students.

Practice Give
• Put these sentences and questions in the correct order. More • What other
things should a
1 evaluate /good / should / manager / a / employees / regularly good employee
do? What
2 to / the interview / ? / what / should / wear / I shouldn’t they
do? Share your
3 answers with
arrive / not / late / workers / all / should
your partner.
4 I / this / should / finish / today / report / urgent

5 time / ? / what / should / arrive / we / the meeting / at

6 not / employees / should / in / social networks / the office / use

Platform Two 35
 WORKPLACE ADVICE
Warm up

Are you good at listening to people’s problems and giving advice?

KEEP GOING

Listen
11 • Listen to these people asking Nathan Harris for advice about workplace problems.
• Complete the spaces in the texts with the words you hear.

H
i, I’m Dr. Nathan Harris, the workplace conflict expert. There are many con-
flicts in the office that we can solve with some assertive .
So, if you’re having problems with your boss or , drop me a
line. Explain your difficult situation and I’ll try to give you some advice to improve
your workplace blues.

Hi Nathan! I’m an office worker at a large

company in Chicago.
My boss is a bully! Every day, he makes
jokes about me to the other people in
the office. He laughs at my clothes, my
, even my voice. Now, some
of my colleagues are also making fun of
me.
What do you recommend? Yanine.
Hi Nathan. I hope you can help me, be-
cause at the moment, I my
job!
My boss always notices the bad things
I do, and she never notices all the good
things I do, every day! If I arrive 5 minutes
late, she will notice. If I take more than 10
minutes in the , she will
look for me! I’m a good worker, but she
thinks I’m so bad. What should I do? Joe.

Hello Nathan. I’m having big

with my co-workers. Every
time I do something good at work, one of
my colleagues takes my
and shows it to my boss, and they say it’s
their idea! So now, they receive the credit
for my work. What should I do? Mark.
Hello Nathan. I need your help, desperately.
I can’t at work, because
the worker next to me is annoying. He has
so many different bad habits. He inter-
Reading
• Now, read the rupts me when I’m on
texts and answer important telephone calls, he takes things
the questions on from my desk. I just don’t know what to
the next page.
do. Please help! Caroline.

36 Platform Two
Practice
• Complete the table by checking the box of the person/people it describes.

KEEP GOING
Yanine Mark Caroline Joe

1 Who has problems with his/her boss?

Who has problems with his/her

2
colleagues?

3 Whose colleague irritates him/her?

Whose boss ridicules him/her and

4
makes him/her feel small?

5 Who is a victim of bullying?

Whose co-workers steal their ideas

6
and present them to the boss?

Who feels that his/her boss has an

7 incorrect opinion of what he/she
does in the office?
Write
• Choose one of the 4 people above and invent Nathan’s reply. Remember to use
should in your advice.
Reply
Dear…. (4)

Compare Talk
about it • Invent another school or workplace
• Find a classmate who wrote to
+ share

problem and describe it to your partner.

the same person. Compare your
Your partner will give you advice, using
advice with your classmate.
should. Then change the roles.

Platform Two 37
 VOCABULARY

Warm up
AT THE AIRPORT
Do you have an airport in your town/city? Have you gone to the airport?
Have you traveled by plane? What do you have to do to fly?
Practice
KEEP GOING

• Look at these 5 steps to traveling by plane. Put the words from the box in
the correct space in the images. Check the meaninng of some words.

passport X-ray machine flight attendant conveyor belt

document luggage security officer boarding gate suitcase screen
airline official seat boarding pass luggage cart
metal detector passenger airplane storage compartment

Check-in Security

On the plane

Boarding Baggage claim

And you?
AND YOU

• When you last traveled by plane, which of these steps did you do?
• Which of these items did you use?

38 Platform Two
 LANGUAGE

OBLIGATIONS: MUST / HAVE TO
Hey Olivia. What are you doing?
I’m applying for my visa. I want
to go to the USA on vacation.

And, what do you have to do?
No, I don’t. I’ve only traveled in
Mexico. I don’t have a passport.
Yes, I know. I must get
my passport quickly.
KEEP GOING
You have to apply online, and then
pay the fee. Do you have a visa?
You should get your passport.
You must have a passport if
you want to travel outside
Mexico, you know.

I
We use must or have to for obligations You
He
have a boarding pass
She must
You have to pass security before boarding the plane. to fly.
It
You must have a passport to travel. We
They
The pilot has to check the plane before take-off.
I
What do I have to do for a visa? You
have to
Do you have to pay for extra baggage? We
Does the security officer have to inspect my bags? They pay a fee for a visa.
He
She has to
Practice It
• Circle the correct options to complete these I
obligations. you
1 Mexicans must / has to 3 A pilot must / have to he check in
Do
she have to before you
present a visa to enter the complete many years of Does
it fly?
USA. practice to fly a plane. we
2 they
All passengers has to / 4 You must / has to put
have to pass security your bag in the storage Give
More
before they board a plane. compartment. • Complete these sentences with
your own ideas.
Practice

• Put these words in the correct order to form obligations. 1 At the airport, all passengers must
.
1 present / my / ? / do / to / I / pass / have / boarding 2 If you want to go to the USA, you have
to .
2 I / show / to / have / at / my / the airport / passport 3 Before you board the plane, you must
.
3 my /does / have / airline / suitcase / ? /document / to / the / official 4 When you check-in at the check-in desk,
4
you have to .
pass /through / laptop / your / must / the x-ray machine
5 All the people at the airport have to
.

Platform Two 39
 THE MEXICAN MAESTRA TEQUILERA
Warm up
Do you know any women managers in companies in Mexico? Or in other
countries? What things does a manager have to do?
Reading
KEEP GOING

• Read this text about a successful female Mexican entrepreneur

and her typically Mexican product.

Mexico’s First Maestra Tequilera

M
eet Bertha González Nieves, the Mexi-
can founder and manager of Casa Drag-
ones Tequila, a luxury tequila made from
blue agave which costs USD$275 per bottle.
As you can imagine, as a manager of a Forbe’s
Mexico Top 50 business, she has to do a lot of
things as part of her job. She’s from Mexico City,
but she lives in New York and travels more
than 120,000 miles (about 190,000 kilome-
ters) every year.
She has to visit clients in Los Angeles,
Dallas, Miami, Mexico City or Monterrey,
to check that the client is satisfied with
her product. Then, often she has to go to
Europe to present the new tequila to lux-
ury markets, including 5-star hotels, restau-
rants and exclusive bars and clubs, which
means she must spend hundreds of hours a
month on airplanes.
Practice
As a true Mexican, Bertha also makes it a prior-
ity in her business to visit the farmers in Jalisco
where the agave comes from. When she pres-
ents her tequila to new clients, she must know
the product perfectly, and where its unique fla-
vour comes from. So, every 6 weeks, she spends
some days with the agave farmers in Tequila,
Jalisco. There, she has to participate in all the
agave growing process, like a normal worker. So,
she has to wake up early and help the farmers.
While in Jalisco, she also gives classes at the
Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara (UAG),
where she teaches on the university’s first
course on the tequila making process.
With all of this knowledge, Bertha is now the first
Maestra Tequilera expert. If you want to be a
Maestro Tequilero, you have to study for twelve
years! So, this Mexican woman is a real symbol
of the best of Mexico for the world!

• Read the text again and complete the sentences with information from the text.
1 Where is Bertha from? She’s from…
2 Where does she live? She lives in…
3 In what types of places is Casa Dragones Tequila sold? It’s sold in…
4 What does Bertha do in the agave farms? She…
5 What does she do at the UAG? She…
6 How many years do you need to study to be a Maestro Tequilero?
You have to study…
Give
More
• Underline all the obligations Bertha has to do in the text.
Listen
12 • Listen to these airport announcements and conversations and
complete the sentences with the information you hear.
1 All passengers for flight EY215 must go to .
2 Mr and Mrs Allen have to report to immediately.
3 All passengers must use a in the baggage claim area.
4 Passengers of flight GO510 from Aukland, New Zealand must collect their bags on
conveyor belt .
5 Passenger Mr Mark Young must present his and
to any airline official.

40 Platform Two
 RULES FOR FLYING
Warm up
• Do you pay attention to the security announcements at the airport or
on a plane? Why (not)?

KEEP GOING
Talk
about it
• Discuss these questions with your partner or classmates.

What do passengers have to do at security at the airport?

What does the airline official have to do when you check in?

What do passengers have to do at check-in?

What do passengers have to do at the boarding gate?

What do passengers have to do on the plane?

Compare
+ share • Share your answers with your classmates. What other things do
people have to do at an airport?

Write
about it • Now, write a short description of the obligations people have in
an airport (you can include the passenger, pilots, airline officials,
security officers, etc.)
• Remember to include a minimum of 5 obligations. You can use
your answers from the exercise above to help you.
• Remember to include the airport vocabulary you learned.

RULES AT THE AIRPORT

Compare
+ share

• Check your text with your partner. Are the obligations correct? Make any
changes if necessary.

Platform Two 41
 VOCABULARY

SCHOOL PROBLEMS
Warm up
Does your school have a lot of problems? What are some of the most
common problems in your school? How can you fix them?
KEEP GOING

• Look at these pictures showing some typical problems in the

classroom or at school.
• Unscramble the letters below each picture to describe the
problems and complete the phrase.

lyblu tache ronige kapse

a classmate in a exam the teacher in class

sims pyco varire sipersdetc

a class from a classmate late the teacher

seu tofreg lifa thifg

your your books an exam with a classmate
cellphone in class

And you?
AND YOU • Which of these problems is the most Give
More
• Who is responsible for these
serious in your opinion? Why? problems?
• What other problems do you have in
• Which of these problems do you have? your school?

42 Platform Two
 PROHIBITIONS: CAN’T, MUSTN’T/ DON’T HAVE TO
Hey Olivia. How’s your Badly. My teacher discovered
assignment going? that I copied my homework

from the internet. We mustn’t
Wow! That’s bad. What
happened? Do you have
to repeat all of it?
Why not?
Well, you know that copying
and pasting is prohibited
in school assignments. You
mustn’t be dishonest.
KEEP GOING
copy information.
No, I don’t have to repeat all
of it, but now I have to write
about a different topic, and I
can’t use the internet.
Because the teacher says I
might copy again.

We use can’t and mustn’t to We use don’t have to to explain there is no

give prohibitions. obligation or prohibition (it’s optional).
Students can’t use cell phones during class. Students don’t have to write the page number
You mustn’t speak in your exam. on their homework. (But if you want to, you can).
Passengers can’t smoke on a plane. I don’t have to go to the library after school. (But
Remember I want to).
With 1 person (he, she, it) You don’t have to pay to enter the museum. It’s
• Compare these we use doesn’t have to. free. (There’s no obligation to pay).
sentences: With I, you or plural (we,
they) we use don’t have to.

Classes start at 7:10 a.m. • Complete these sentences with can’t/mustn’t

Practice or don’t have to/doesn’t have to. Read the
Students must arrive before 7:10 context carefully to help you decide if it’s a
obligation prohibition or something optional.
Students mustn’t arrive after 7:10
prohibition 1 The concert starts at 10:00. So please, you
Students don’t have to arrive at 6:50 be late!
option (they can if they want to) 2 Last year, Mike and Julie won the lottery, so
now they work.
And you?
AND YOU
• Complete these phrases about your classroom 3 All the students who failed the exam have to
or school experience: repeat it for extra homework. Allan got 81% so
he repeat it.
1 In our school, all students mustn’t
4 The rules here for teachers and students
are very strict about smoking. You
2 In the classroom, students can’t smoke on the university
campus.
3 At my school, teachers don’t have to 5 The maximum limit for renting books
in the library is 6 per person. You
4 Our teachers mustn’t take home more than 6
books.
Compare
+ share
• Compare your answers with your classmates. 6 Now with modern technology, you
Do you have the same answers? Do you agree fly to a city to see its
with their version of prohibitions and options in architecture. You can also use Google Maps on
your school? your computer.

Platform Two 43
 FINLAND: SMART STUDENTS MUSTN’T DO HOMEWORK!
Warm up

How much homework do you do every day? Why do teachers give students
Reading
homework? What do you know about Finland? Where is it?
KEEP GOING

• Look at the title of the text below. What does it mean? Discuss what you think
that the text will say with your classmates. Read the text to understand more.
Finland: The smartest students in the world, with no homework!

S
ince 2001, Finland —a country of just
5.5 million inhabitants— has been in
the top 5 nations in all international
education tests and statistics. The ques-
tion is, how do they do it?
There are many reasons for this success,
and professionals, politicians and report-
ers from all corners of the world are vis-
iting Finland to discover their secret, but
the Finnish say that you don’t have to do
anything extra special to help students
succeed. ‘More play, less work’ is their
general answer.
Start late, play more
The main philosophy behind the Finnish
education project is the focus on play.
That’s why students don’t have to start
school until 7 years of age. These first
years in primary school are full of play and
teachers mustn’t give children any home-
work. That’s because students must learn
through play, not work. And they don’t have
to do any test for the first 6 years of their time, they have to play with their students,
education. who have 75 minutes of recess a day. And
In fact, the only test that students in Fin- the teachers don’t have to follow a strict
land have to take is at 16, with the oblig- national educational program or curricu-
atory national test at the end of high lum. That’s right: they can change or adapt
school. their classes, according to their students’
Focus on teachers needs.
Teachers in Finland have the same sta- All of this means that through a surprising
tus as lawyers and doctors, and receive a educational model, students in Finland re-
similar salary, too. This is why everybody ceive the best education in the world.
here wants to be a teacher! For example, A model to follow for Mexico?
in 2010, 6,600 people applied for just 660
primary school teacher vacancies. So, all
potential teachers must be from the top
10% of the university graduates.
All teachers in Finland must have a Mas-
ter’s degree (but this is subsidized by the
government, so the teachers don’t have
to pay). They must also take 2 hours of
professional development each week and
they mustn’t spend more than 4 hours in
the classroom every day. The rest of the

Practice • Read the text again carefully and underline all the
obligations (must, have to), the prohibitions (mustn’t, can’t)
and the options (don’t have to) in the text.
• Now answer these questions with the information from the text.
1  Why are professionals, reporters and politicians 4  If you want to be a teacher in Finland, what do you
visiting Finland? have to do at university?

2  According to the article, why mustn’t primary 5  Apart from the 4 hours per day in the classroom,
school students do homework? what do Finnish teachers have to do?

3  What must Finnish school students do at the age of 6  Do teachers have to respect all the national
16? educational program? Why (not)?

Give
More
Do you agree with this educational model? Could this work in Mexico? Why (not)?
Listen
13 • Listen to the teacher giving his students the rules for his classroom this semester.
Complete this student’s notebook with the information that you hear.
Calculus rules, semester 3
Teacher’s name: All students must write , date and title on all
assignments. I must not or in classroom. I cannot accumulate more than
absences in the semester. is optional for the class, but prohibited for
. Final date for all assignments:

44 Platform Two
 YOU MUSTN’T DO THAT!
Warm up

Can you think of some prohibitions for different places or situations in

KEEP GOING
society?
Share your ideas of common prohibitions with your classmates. What is the
most common prohibited action?
Talk
about it
• Look at these places and situations below and choose one.
• Give 3 or 4 prohibitions for people in these situations. Your classmates have to
guess the place you selected.

at a library on an airplane in the classroom

H
at an airport in a hotel driving a car in a restaurant

You mustn’t speak

here.

You can’t write on the It’s a library!

books.

You mustn’t eat or

drink near the books.

Write
about it
• Think about some of the school problems
on the previous pages. Are these actions
prohibited in your school?

• Write a short text showing a minimum of 5 things that students at your school
mustn’t or can’t do and 2 things they don’t have to do (but they can do it if they like).

In my school, students

Compare
+ share • Check your text with your partner. Check the language and the rules. You
study in the same school… do you have the same rules? Make any changes
if necessary.

Platform Two 45
 VOCABULARY

CLIMATE & NATURAL PHENOMENA

Warm up

What natural phenomena does your country suffer from? In your part of the
KEEP GOING

country, what was the last natural phenomenon that hit your region/area?
What’s global warming? What’s your opinion of global warming?
Practice

• Look at these pictures and put the words from the box under the correct image.

a drought an earthquake a hurricane

a flood/flooding a tornado a tsunami a forest fire
a snowstorm/ blizzard a heatwave a volcanic eruption

Give
More
• Which of these are related to the weather? Which could be related to global
warming? Which of these are common in your region of the country?

46 Platform Two
 LANGUAGE
SPECULATION/POSSIBILITY: COULD, MIGHT, MAY
Hi Olivia. You have a lot of
books. What are you doing?
Sure. You could talk about
the health problems.
Or, what about the different
weather effects? Like droughts,
flooding, forest fires, etc.?
Exactly! And you could also mention
all the effects in the flora and fauna.
We use could, might or may to talk about
a possibility:
This heat wave might cause forest fires across the state.
Electric cars may help solve our pollution problems.
We also use could, might or may
to make speculations:
Daniel’s not at school today. He might be sick.
Scientists think that this discovery could come from old
Mayan civilizations.
Practice
• Put these words in order to form sentences and questions:
1 eruption / kill / may / the / thousands / people /
volcanic /of
2 the government / this problem / not / fix / and /
companies / might
Practice
• Circle the correct options to answer these
sentences best.
1 Look at Simon and Paula! They look very
friendly and happy together. They could / may
not be boyfriend and girlfriend.
2 Sharon loves science and mathematics.
She could / might not study engineering at
university.
3 The political candidate has very low
popularity, so he may / may not win the
elections next month.
I have to write an assignment about the
effects of global warming. But I don’t
KEEP GOING
have any ideas. Could you help me?
No. That might be boring.
That could be more interesting! And
I could talk about the problems of
the recent heat wave in Mexico.
Thanks a lot for your help.
We add not to talk about possibilities
or speculate in negative:
If global warming continues, some beaches and
islands may not exist in 20 years.
Other scientists think that global warming might not
be responsible for so many natural disasters.
Humans couldn’t be responsible for the earthquake.
In questions, we change the order
of the subject and could/might/may:
Could global warming cause this natural disaster?
When might scientists discover a solution for global
warming?
3 hit / not / the / city / tornado / the / may
4 create /? / could / the / a / earthquake / tsunami
5 might / wave / heat / the / fires / forest / cause
Give
More • Look at these sentences and think what
might happen in each sentence. Look at
the example to help you.
1 Fred works at the university.
He might be a professor.
2 That car is abandoned in the middle of the
street.
3 The teacher wants to speak to me, urgently.
4 I called Ethan five times and he isn’t answering
his phone.
Platform Two 47
 COULD THIS TREE SAVE THE PLANET?
Warm up

What factors contribute to global warming?

KEEP GOING

Reading
How and why are trees important for the environment?
• Read this text about a special species of tree and answer the questions.
The Kiri Tree: A Savior Against Global Warming?

F
or centuries, people in Japan have appreciated
the many benefits of the Kiri tree, but now, many
scientists in the West think that this tree might
help the future of humanity and it could fight against
the effects of global warming.
What is the Kiri Tree?
The Kiri tree is also known as
the Japanese Empress Tree and
produces fragrant pink flowers in
April or May. The leaves can be
used to prepare tea and could
help against many sicknesses,
thanks to its high protein content.
The tree is so useful because not
only is it the fastest growing tree
on earth, it also survives well
in toxic soils and waters, and
actually purifies the land while it grows.
Practice
The Kiri and the Environment
But the most important characteristic which could
transform our planet is the Kiri’s ability to clean our
air. As we know, trees absorb carbon dioxide and ex-
pel oxygen, a vital process to cleaning pollutants and
compensating dangerous carbon
dioxide levels from factories, traf-
fic and other sources of pollution.
And this is where the major ben-
efit of the Kiri tree could change
our planet… drastically. Kiri trees
absorb ten times more carbon
dioxide and expel a massive
amount more oxygen than any
other tree on the planet!
This is why scientists believe
that enormous plantations of Kiri
trees could provide the solution to the world’s pollu-
tion and global warming problems.

• Use the information in the text to complete these sentences about the Kiri tree.
1 The Kiri tree has been popular in for hundreds of years.
2 The leaves of the Kiri tree have a high level of and could give health benefits.
3 The Kiri tree faster than any other tree on the planet.
4 The tree toxic soils and water where it is located.
5 Trees and plants absorb and expel in the process of photosynthesis.
6 Kiri trees clean times more air than any other variety of trees.
Listen
14 • Listen to these news reports talking about natural disasters from around
the world and complete the reporter’s notes with the missing information.

Yokohama, Japan Central Europe Bangladesh:

Natural disaster: Climate problem: Climate problem:
Time of impact: People most at risk: Problem started:
No. of people affected: Health recommendations: Expected end:
Government recommendations: Possible reasons for problem:
Other possible problems:

Compare
+ share

• Compare your notes with your partner. Do you have the same answers?
Now listen again to confirm.

48 Platform Two
 NATURAL PHENOMENA IN MY COMMUNITY
Warm up
Have you ever been in an earthquake? What happened?
Have you suffered from any other natural disasters?

KEEP GOING
Describe it to your classmates.
What consequences could global warming bring to your country in
the next twenty or fifty years? What could be the consequences?
Talk
about it
• Look at these 2 pictures. What do you think happened? What could be the reason
for this? What natural disaster(s) could be responsible for this?

1 2

Give
More
• Think of a creative title to describe the situation in each image. Share your little
with your classmates. Who has the most imaginative title?
Compare
+ share
• What could the local people and/or government could do to fix this situation now?
• Share your answers with your classmates. Remember to use could or might.

The government could Local people could use

send the army to help. other roads to travel.

Write
about it animals and their habitats infrastructure
• What effect of global warming emergency and rescue services housing
or natural phenomenon affects
your area?
• Is the community prepared One natural phenomenon that may affect my
enough for a natural disaster? area is              .
• What could you and your
community do to protect In the community, we could
against a natural disaster?
• Think of the concepts in the
green concepts to help you.
Use a dictionary or the internet
to investigate key vocabulary.

Give
More
• How could we fix global warming? Who • With your classmates, discuss how
is responsible for global warming and these elements of society could help
its effects? Why? fix global warming.

businesses schools the government you

Platform Two 49
 COMPETITION

Warm up
CRAZY LAWS
Listen
Do you know any crazy or silly laws or rules in Mexico or other countries?
15
• Listen to these strange laws from around the world and watch the presentation.
Presentation
• Then choose the sign in the presentation (or from the papers your teacher gives
you) that correctly describes the law you hear. The first team to give the letter of
the correct answer wins a point!
WRAP UP

Give
More • For extra points, watch the presentation again and write the number
of each law in the correct place on the map.

And you?
AND YOU

• Which of the laws is the craziest, in your opinion?

• Why do you think this law exists?

50 Platform Two
 PROJECT

10 RULES AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Warm up

What places do you go where rules are important?

Why are the rules important in these places?
Talk
about it • Look at the 3 topics below. With your partner or classmates, choose one of the 3
topics. Talk about the rules, recommendations, prohibitions and obligations for the
people in these circumstances:

WRAP UP
Traveling abroad Workplace guidelines
A good school environment

Practice
• Now, look at the 3 imaginary situations related to the previous topics.
Choose the situation that corresponds to the topic you choose.

Traveling abroad
Imagine you are the manager of an online traveling website.
You want to design a list of tips, rules and recommendations
for travelers who are traveling abroad.

A good school environment

You are the principal of a new language school in your area.
You are in charge of the rules for students and teachers.
Make a list of 10 rules and recommendations for them.

Workplace guidelines
You are the human resources manager for a local
office company. The manager has asked you to
design the 10 guidelines for all employees and
managers in the office.
Investigate

• Investigate the actions necessary for the situation you selected.

Write
about it • Now, design a poster, leaflet or any other format to show the 10 rules and
recommendations for the situation you chose.
• Be sure to include all of the following points in your project:
2 suggestions or recommendations in positive (should)
2 suggestions or recommendations in negative (shouldn’t)
2 obligations (must, have to)
2 prohibitions (mustn’t, can’t)
2 things you don’t have to do (optional)
2 signs or symbols to visualize some of your rules

• Compare your rules with your classmates who chose the same situation. Do you
have the same rules? What is different? Why? Who has the best 10 rules? Why?

Platform Two 51
 LANGUAGE REVIEW
• Read these sentences carefully and circle the correct option to complete each sentence.
1. Scientists think that the tornado affect four different states in the south of the USA,
but they’re not completely sure.
(a) should  (b) must  (c) might  (d) don’t have to  (e) doesn’t have to
2. Hailey take the train to work tomorrow because the mechanic is fixing her car.
(a) have to  (b) mustn’t  (c) couldn’t  (d) don’t have to  (e) has to
WRAP UP

3. Passengers smoke on an airplane, because it’s a potential danger.

(a) have to  (b) mustn’t  (c) might  (d) don’t have to  (e) must
4. Ryan has a horrible job. I don’t understand why he works there. He quit immediately.
(a) have to  (b) mustn’t  (c) should  (d) don’t have to  (e) shouldn’t
5. The cause of the recent forest fires be a cigarette, a glass bottle
or other garbage. The fire department are investigating, but they don’t know.
(a) have to  (b) mustn’t  (c) shouldn’t  (d) don’t have to  (e) may
6. Normally, we don’t use cell phones in school. But tomorrow, I take it
because we have to record a project on our phones.
(a) couldn’t   (b) may not  (c) might  (d) have to  (e) shouldn’t
7. Aubrey is having problems with a colleague at work. I think that she
speak to her manager about the situation and explain the problem.
(a) should  (b) mustn’t  (c) might not  (d) don’t have to  (e) doesn’t have to
8. All students completely an obligatory English course before graduation.
(a) has to  (b) must  (c) might  (d) may  (e) doesn’t have to
9. For this job, workers have any tattoos or piercings,
because the worker’s image is extremely important.
(a) have to  (b) mustn’t  (c) should  (d) doesn’t have to  (e) may
10. Madelyn looks really sad. She have some family problems.
(a) should  (b) mustn’t  (c) might  (d) don’t have to  (e) doesn’t have to /10

• Put the words in the correct order to form sentences and questions.
1. a / hit / town / my / ? / tornado / could
2. quit / job / Zoe / her / should / horrible
3. not / the / Mr Lewis / fire / should / receptionist
4. job interview / I / should / ? / for / the / wear / what
5. pass through / passengers / at / all / must / the airport / security
6. not / students / must / smoke / in / the / all / school area
7. with / to / I / have / attend / ? / do / the meeting / the manager
8. your / in / you / to / passport / present / have / the airport
9. do / this school / to / wear / at / students / not / a uniform / have
10. don’t / apply for / to / have / Great Britain / a visa / for / Mexicans

• Use the options below to describe the correct use for all these modals verbs. /10

should (not) must not / can’t

could (not) / might (not) / may (not)
don’t have to / doesn’t have to must / have to / has to

1. We use these words to express an obligation.

2. These words express a prohibition.
3. These words show that the action is not necessary.
4. We use these words for a possibility or to speculate.
5. These words show a recommendation or suggestion. /5

52 Platform Two
 • In all these sentences, one word is incorrect. Change the word to make the necessary correction.
1. As a sign of respect, you might look at the person who is speaking to you.
2. On Sunday, I don’t have any obligations, so I doesn’t have to wake up early.
3. Safety is a priority in large construction sites. So, all workers may wear protective clothing and follow strict rules.
4. Doctors recommend that children should eat a lot of sugar because it can cause diabetes and obesity.
5. Entrance to the museum is free. All visitors doesn’t have to pay admission.
/5

WRAP UP
• One word is missing in each sentence. Add the correct missing word. In some cases, there can be more than one correct answer.
1. In this office, the workers don’t have wear a uniform.

2. If you don’t pass this semester, you have to repeat it next year.

3. Work starts at this company at 9.00 and workers have a 10 minute tolerance policy. So, you must arrive later than 9.10.

4. You have to change your clothes for the party. The clothes you’re wearing at the moment are fine.

5. Doctors recommend that people should be in the sun for long periods of the day without protection, especially during the summer.

6. I won’t wash my car today because it rain later. It’s very overcast.

7. I found a phone on the school bus. It be Emily’s because she lost her phone yesterday.

8. International airplane pilots to speak English, because all air traffic controllers communicate in English.

9. This meeting is obligatory for all new students of the college. Existing students can come to the meeting if they want to, but they have to.

10. It’s 8p.m. and Mr Anderson isn’t at home. He be in the office, because he works a lot of overtime in his job.

/10
SELF-ASSESSMENT
I need more almost a piece
Language functions: practice perfect of cake!

STEP 1: Giving suggestions & recommendations

STEP 2: Expressing obligations
STEP 3: Describing school problems
STEP 4: Making speculations

GRADE YOURSELF!
• Give yourself a grade out of 10 for the language from this unit
Language: Vocabulary:

Recommendations: Should /10 At the workplace /10

Obligations: Have to, Must /10 At the airport /10
Prohibitions: Mustn’t, Can’t, Don’t have to /10 School problems /10
Speculation: Could, Might, May /10 Climate & Natural Phenomena /10

Platform Two 53
 WONDERFUL WORDS: -LY
Warm up

What words do you know in English that end in –ly?

What type of words are they?

An adjective describes a noun (person, animal or object)

We add –ly
to the end of The office is large (describes the office)
WRAP UP

adjectives to My manager is happy (describes the manager)

convert them An adverb describes a verb (action)
in adverbs.
My manager speaks quietly (describes the action: ‘speak’)
The construction company builds slowly (describes the action: ‘build’)

Write
about it
adjective + - ly = adverb
• Complete this table to quick + -ly =
form adverbs from these
adjectives: + -ly = sadly
bad + -ly =
+ -ly = carefully
+ -ly = easily
professional + -ly =
difficult + -ly =
emotional + -ly =
happy + -ly =
+ -ly = safely
Adjective or adverb?
Practice
• Read the sentences and circle the correct option, depending on if the required word
is an adjective (describes the noun) or an adverb (describes the action of the verb).

1 All of the workers in the office are
100% professional / professionally.
2 The doctors operated on the patient
very careful / carefully because it was
a difficult/difficultly operation.
3 The company recommends that all
its truck drivers drive safe/safely to
avoid accidents.
Give
More
• Try to use the other adjectives or adverbs in sentences,
to demonstrate their correct use.
4 The man spoke emotional/
emotionally at the conference about
his addiction problems.
5 The teacher was happy/happily with
her students’ exam results: they all
passed, and they finished the exam
quick/quickly. The students said the
exam was easy/easily.

54 Platform Two
 SAY IT RIGHT: OI / OY
Listen We can combine the vowel o + -i or -y to create a specific sound.
16
• Listen to the pronunciation of these words:

WRAP UP
boil voice foil employee loyal soya

coil point cowboy oyster

oi oy
Practice

• Now, practice the pronunciation of these words.

Ask your classmate to check your pronunciation.

Give
More What other words do you know with oi/oy?
• Make a list below. You can use the pictures and the internet or a dictionary to help you.
oi oy

Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers with your classmates. Add any extra words you find.
Listen
17
• Listen to the words you hear and write them below. Pay attention to the spelling.
1 5
2 6
3 7
4 8

Platform Two 55
 VOCABULARY REVIEW

School problems Climate and natural disasters

ch   n  n  x m dr ght
WRAP UP

b lly   cl ssm t f r st f r

gn r  th  t ch r h tw v
sp k  n cl ss fl d ng
f rg t y r b ks rthq k
f l  n  x m v lc n c  r pt n
rr v  l t t rn d
s  y r c llph n   n sn wst rm
cl ss h rr c n
f ght w th cl ssm t ts n m
d sr sp ct th  t ch r

At the airport
In the workplace
scr n
c nv y r b lt
m n g r
l gg g  c rt
pply f r   j b
s tc se
typ    r p rt
s c r ty  ff c r
h v    c nf r nc  c ll
ch ck- n
pr v t   ff c
st r g  c mp rtm nt
w rkst t n
s t
r c pt n d sk
fl ght  tt nd nt
mpl y
p ssp rt
m t ng r m
X-r y m ch n
r s gn
b rd ng g t
s cr t ry
b gg g  cl m
c ll g s
rl n  off c l
tt nd m t ngs
p ss ng r
nt rv w
rpl n
s ck d
b rd ng p ss
w rk  v rt m
d c m nt l gg g
m t l d t ct r

56 Platform Two
 CONTRIBUTIONS TO SOCIETY
Talk t it
abou

• Where is this? (Be as specific as possible)

• What can you see in the picture?
• What can’t you see in the picture?
• What is happening?
• What does this image represent to you?

PLATFORM THREE
LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS:
Step 1: Establish and report actions
that started in past and continue.
Step 2: Describing health problems.
Step 3: Analyze and inform of harmful or useful actions.
Step 4: Describe scientific and social achievements.

Platform Three 57
 THE VUHL: MEXICO’S SUPERCAR
START UP

Warm up

What is your favorite car in the whole world?

Reading • Look at the picture of this car below. Would you like to have this car?
• Read the article about this surprising new supercar.

Meet the VUHL – Mexico’s luxury sports car

Car specs

Top speed 245 km/h

Horsepower 385 bhp
Weight 695 kg
Cylinders (turbo)
Valves 16
Acceleration 0-100 km/h – 3.7s

T
his is the VUHL 05, a lightweight, luxury supercar
designed and made in Mexico, by Mexicans.
These cars are the brainchild of two brothers,
Guillermo and Iker Echeverría.
So, why VUHL? VUHL means ‘Vehicles of Ultra-Light-
weight and High Performance’ and they have performed
in many high-profile races around the world, impressing
millionaires and racing fans around the world.
The company has showrooms in Miami, Kuwait, London
and France, and they have also recently opened in Mex-
ico City.
They have been in operation since 2010, when the
brothers first started work on this luxury sports car.
They have grown a lot in the last 7 years, and famous
F1 championship winners and drivers have driven their
cars, including Jensen Button, Sebastian Vettel and the
Mexican, Esteban Gutiérrez.
Practice
Chassis material aluminum
Price from US $109,000
‘I was not expecting this,
I am really quite impressed’.
Esteban Gutiérrez, Mexican F1 driver, 2013
Because this is an exclusive, personalized item, the
company has never produced more than 50 cars a year.
In fact, at the moment, they only produce 25 cars a year,
but they could expand to a maximum of 100 annually.
So, why don’t they want to produce more? They would
prefer to invest the extra money in technology and inno-
vation, to produce an even better car in the future.
This is the face of Mexican technology and innovation,
recognized across the world.

• Use the text to answer these questions.

1 What is VUHL?
2 When did the VUHL company start?
3 How many cars a year does the company produce?
4 VUHL have offices in 5 countries. What are they?
5 Why don’t they want to produce more than 100 cars a year?

Compare
+ share • Check and compare And you?
AND YOU • What do you think of the VUHL 05. Do you like it?
your answers with your • Have you heard of this car before?
classmates. • How do you feel that it is produced in Mexico?

58 Platform Three
 VOCABULARY

BRAINSTORM

START UP
What words do you know from these categories?
• Complete the spaces with all the words or terms you know.

Ancient inventions Technology Dangerous inventions

The manufacturing
Sicknesses Medical treatment and cures and production process

• Now, compare all your answers with

Give
More • Use the dictionary or internet to Compare
+ share your classmates.
help you complete all the spaces • You can also add any words you find
in each category. useful from your classmates’ answers.

Platform Three 59
 SURVEY: HAVE YOU EVER…?
START UP

Warm up
Have you done a lot of things in your life?
Have you had a lot of incredible experiences?
Who is the most extreme person in your class?

Talk t it
abou
• Answer these questions about your own experiences and then ask 3 classmates.
• Check the corresponding boxes and ask them
for more details about any interesting answers!

Have you Me Classmate Classmate Classmate

ever… 1 2 3

…met a famous
person?

… traveled to
another country?

… seen a ghost?

… broken a bone?

… eaten a strange
or disgusting
food?
… been in an
earthquake or
hurricane?

… travelled
by boat?

… been on TV
or radio?

… lied to
your parents?

… been in a car
accident?

• Compare the results of your survey

with your other classmate and share
Compare your interesting experiences.
+ Share

• Who has the most surprising

experience or story?

60 Platform Three
 THE MOST IMPORTANT INVENTIONS EVER

START UP
Warm up
In your opinion, what has been the most important and significant invention
in history? Share your idea with your classmates.
In general, what was the most common answer? Do you agree?
Give
More
• Look at the names, dates, places and phrases in the box below. Which invention do
they correspond to? Try to put them in the correct spaces on the factsheet.
Listen
18 Alexander Graham Bell 1879 Charles Babbage 3500 BC 600 BC
• Now, listen to
London USA The 1970s Alexander Fleming Johannes Gutenberg
this university
class to check
your answers
and complete
the factsheet
with the
information
you hear. The wheel The printing press The computer The light bulb

Where? Central Europe/ Germany England USA

Mesopotamia
When? 1440 1833

Who? Thomas Edison

Uses transport, literature, art, religion, work, work, domestic,

agriculture, toys information entertainment illumination

The internet Electricity Penicillin The telephone

Where? USA Greece

When? 1928 1892

Who? a group of British and the ancient Greeks

American scientists
Uses telecommunications, lighting, work, medicine communication
work, entertainment domestic

Give
More • In small teams, think of another 5 important inventions or discoveries. What can
you say about them? Who invented them? Where? When?
• Why did you choose these 5?
Compare
+Share
• Share your team’s inventions with the • Now, as a whole group, decide on
your 5 most important inventions.
rest of the class. Listen to the other
Give as much information as
teams’ descriptions and reasons.
possible about each one.

Platform Three 61
 VOCABULARY

TECHNOLOGY + MANUFACTURING
Warm up
What technology do you use?
KEEP GOING

How does technology affect your daily life?

What do you know about the manufacturing or production process?
What products are produced in your country? In your area?
Practice
Would you like to work in a factory? Why (not)?

• Put the words from the boxes under the corresponding image in each category.

innovation cutting edge log into touchscreen equipment

Technology
gadgets develop impact

factory raw materials tools parts engineer

Manufacturing + production
pack warehouse assembly line

Give
More • What other vocabulary do you know related to each topic? Add any extra terms here.

62 Platform Three
 LANGUAGE

PRESENT PERFECT
Hi Sophie. Look! Have you
seen my new phone? Now, I haven’t seen it. What is it?

KEEP GOING
Oh, of course. I’ve heard about
It’s the new XS-900. Have you seen the it on the radio. The company
commercials on TV or in the street? have used new, cutting edge
technology with this phone, right?
That’s right. They’ve included
some amazing features. I’ve used They’ve also developed a new
some of the new apps, and I love it. supersensitive touchscreen.

We use the present perfect

in these situations: To talk about experiences:
• I’ve visited New York.
To describe an action in an unspecified point in the past:
• I’ve seen a helicopter.
have/has + past participle
To describe an action that started in past but continues
I seen and is relevant in present:
you heard • I’ve installed some new apps on my phone.
have (n’t)
we made
they visited In questions, we change the position of have/has and the subject:
he used • I have seen that new phone. Have you seen that new phone?
she has (n’t) installed • She has bought a new dress. Has she bought a new dress?
it developed

Practice
• Complete these 1 The internet (change) humanity and our
sentences with the access to information.
present perfect. 2 This company (develop) a new kind of
Remember to use have technology.
or has and the past 3 I (eat) insects. Have you?
participle of the verb. 4 The car company (build) a new factory in
• You can use the verb
lists on pages 86 and 87 San Luis Potosí.
5 Pete and Liam (travel) to many countries in
to find the correct past
participle. Europe and Asia.
6 Mr Reed (win) $15 million in the lottery.
And you?
AND YOU • Complete these Practice

sentences with your own
personal information.
1 I have visited
haven’t visited
2 I have never
3 I’ve seen
• Use these words to form questions in present perfect.
1 you/see/the new Scarlett Johansson movie?
but I
2 the computer company/develop/new gadgets?
.
.
3 the school/buy/new equipment for the computer lab?
.

Give • Now, answer these 4 you/visit/other countries?

More
questions. Use full
sentences with the 5 you/hear/the news about the president?
present perfect.

Platform Three 63
 MEXICO: INNOVATION FOR THE WORLD
Warm up What do you know about technology and innovation in Mexico?
KEEP GOING

Have you visited Zacatecas or Aguascalientes? What do you know about

these states?
Reading
• Look at these 2 articles about scientists from Mexico who have created cutting
edge technology and innovation that could impact the world.

Gasoline from garbage A battery for life

Have you seen the price of gasoline recent-
ly? Expensive, right? Well, that might change,
thanks to Gerardo Martinez Nungaray.
After 10 years of investigation, Gerardo has
discovered a system to produce gasoline
from plastic waste. That’s right: his new ma-
chine takes nearly all types of plastics, in-
cluding bags, food packaging, soap bottles,
car parts, carpets, even nylon and polyester
clothing, and converts it into gasoline, diesel
and oil.
Gerardo has used this gasoline in his car, and
it works perfectly!
At the moment, Gerardo’s machine is in his house, close to the
municipal garbage dump of Guadalupe, in Zacatecas. Here, in
the garbage, Gerardo finds his raw material to produce the new
fuel, which could be cheaper than normal gasoline.
Now, Gerardo and his company, EcoInnova, need $18 million to
build a ‘microrefinery’ factory near the garbage dump. He has
received some help from different science and government
organizations, but he hasn’t received all the money he needs.
How much money have you paid over in your life for batteries?
How many batteries have you used? How many batteries have
you thrown in the garbage, where their acid contaminates wa-
ter supplies?
Well, this could be a thing of the past, with
Mexican scientist Arturo Solis Herrera’s new
invention, the Bat-Gen.
Arturo has developed a system to create a
battery that can last for 100 years. It consists
of a biochemical process that mixes water
and melanin and liberates energy again and
again.
Arturo has worked for twenty years on this
innovation and has received a patent for the
Bat-Gen, in Russia, New Zealand, Australia,
Brazil, USA and of course, his native Mexico.
He hopes that very soon, his battery could
power the new generation of electric cars in
Mexico and around the world.

Practice
• Read the texts again and check the box
of the corresponding inventor.
• You might check both boxes in some cases. Gerardo Martínez Arturo Solís
EcoInnova Bat-Gen
1 He has worked on this technology for a decade.
2 He has worked on this technology for two decades.
3 This invention uses trash.
4 This invention could help transform transport.
5 This invention can have a positive impact on the environment.
6 This invention needs more money to make the product on a large scale.
Listen
19
• Listen to this news reporter talking about another Mexican innovation that could
help the environment. Complete the information sheet below.

Company name:
Offers gasoline mixed with .
The fuel is and traditional gasoline.
It costs % cheaper.
Compare
+Share
At the moment, you can buy it in states of Mexico.

• Check your answers and spelling with your partner and listen again if necessary.

64 Platform Three
 TECHNOLOGY HAS CHANGED A LOT
Warm up

Can you remember the technology that existed when you were a baby?

KEEP GOING
What has changed? What technology did your parents generation have?
Talk t it
abou
• With your partner, talk about what changes have happened in Mexico and the
world in the last 20 or 50 years in these areas. Remember to use present perfect
to describe what has changed.

Transport Medicine
Food and eating
Work Telecommunications
School
Music TV and entertainment

The internet has impacted TV companies have developed

our lives. better screens with high definition.

Investigate

• Now, select one of these topics and write about how things have changed and
advanced in that area. Be sure to use the present perfect.

• Use the internet or your dictionary to investigate the changes

and some key vocabulary items.

My topic: 
Key vocabulary: 

Changes in the last 50 years

Compare
+Share
• Check your text with your partner, paying attention to the correct use of the
present perfect. Make any changes if necessary.

Platform Three 65
 VOCABULARY

SICKNESSES
Warm up

When was the last time you felt sick? What was the problem?
KEEP GOING

Practice
Did you see the doctor? Did you take any medicine?

• Complete this medical dictionary with the sicknesses from the first aid box below:

Common symptoms
a stomachache a sore throat nausea a fever
a headache a runny nose a cold a cough

Practice

• Now, complete this part with these treatments and cures from the first aid box below.
Cures and treatment
get a vaccine/shot take cough syrup have an x-ray
take medicine get a blood test take homeopathy

And you?
AND YOU • Which of these symptoms have you had? Which of these treatments have
you taken?
• What treatment do you usually take when you’re sick?

66 Platform Three
 LANGUAGE

PRESENT PERFECT: FOR / SINCE

Hi Amy, you don’t look so good. No, I’m feeling really sick, I think I have a cold.

Do you have a sore throat? No, but I’ve had a cough and a

It could be an infection.
Well, you should go to
the doctor, anyway.
I hope you feel better soon.
KEEP GOING
runny nose for the last 48 hours.
I don’t think so, because I haven’t
had a fever or a headache.
Yes. I have an appointment at
8:30 tomorrow morning.
Thanks!

We use for and since to talk about time.

We use for with a period of time I have felt sick for two days.
We use since with a point in time in the past I have had a headache since yesterday.

Practice
• Put these phrases in the correct column. Are they a point
in time (since) or a period of time (for)?

3 years last month a long time 2 or 3 months 2009

some weeks Wednesday yesterday a couple of days I was in primary school

for since
Practice
• Put for or since in the spaces.
• Pay attention to the time reference after the
space to help you.
1 Dr Smith has worked in this hospital
more than a decade.
2 If you have had these symptoms
more than 48 hours, you should see your
doctor. TIP!
3 I haven’t seen Polly the party at We use how long to ask about a period of time.
Joe’s house. I think she’s sick. • How long have • How long have you
4 you felt sick? studied English?
My sister’s been in the hospital four • I’ve felt sick since • I’ve studied for
days. She’s had stomach problems yesterday. about 6 years.
she was a baby.
Practice

• Put these sentences in the correct order.

And you?
AND YOU
• Complete these sentences with your own
personal information. Remember to use 1 have / stomachache / a / I / since / had / last night.
for or since.
2 a / ? / you / long time / fever / had / have / for / a
I haven’t felt sick since
I’ve studied English for 3 not / my son / has / two / eaten / for / days
I’ve lived in this town for
I’ve known my best friend since 4 since / seen / Christmas / not / I / sister / have / my
I’ve had my cellphone for

Platform Three 67
 TECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE
Warm up

How has medicine improved since last century?

KEEP GOING

What have been the most important medical advances?

Reading
• Look at these 2 texts about recent medical advances
and answer the questions below.

This girl has had four hearts Robotic legs help paralyzed people walk
The Toyota Motor company has introduced a robotic leg to
Chloe Nardonne, a thirteen-year-old girl from England, has
help partially paralysed patients learn to walk again.
become the first teenager to receive an artificial heart. Chloe
The Welwalk WW-1000 system attaches a motorized mechan-
has suffered with a severe heart condition since she was born
ical frame to the patient’s leg from the knee down. The patient
in 2003. Her heart didn’t work efficiently and she desperately
can then practice walking on a special machine and adapts to
needed a new heart.
help the patient learn again.
In 2015, at the end of her primary school, Chloe started to feel
Japanese hospitals have adopted 100 of these systems to
sick and have problems breathing. She received a heart trans-
help patients of paralysis, which is a common problem among
plant in November that year but it didn’t work. She was dying.
old people in the country.
So, a brave heart surgeon, André Simon, decided to
The robotic leg detects the pa-
give Chloe an artificial heart and make histo-
tient’s movements and helps them
ry on May 1st, 2016, when she became the
to practice correct walking tech-
youngest girl to receive an artificial heart.
niques. “It helps just enough” said
The operation was a success and Chloe
one doctor at the Fujita Health Uni-
survived with the artificial heart for some
versity. The idea is that with this
weeks until she received a human heart,
device, patients can learn to walk
which has worked well in her body since
independently after some months,
last year.
without the need for a robot.
Chloe and her family know clearly that she
is only alive thanks to the amazing doctors
and medical staff: it’s a “miracle”, they say.

Practice
• Read the texts again and answer these questions with the information from above.
1 How long has Chloe suffered with heart problems?
2 What happened on May 1st, 2016?
3 How is Chloe’s heart working now?
4 What does the Welwalk WW-1000 do?
5 Why is this invention so useful in Japan in particular?
6 Will patients have to use the robot for the rest of their lives? Why (not)?
And you?
AND YOU

• Which of these texts is the most surprising and inspiring for you? Why?
Listen
20 • Listen to these patients talking to their doctor about their sicknesses.
Complete the patient’s report form with the information you hear.

1 Patient report form 2 Patient report form

Patient name: Patient name:
Symptoms: Symptoms:
Symptoms start date: Symptoms start date:
Treatment: Treatment:
Instructions: Instructions:
Compare
+ Share
• Check your answers (and your spelling) with your partner.
Do you have all the information?

68 Platform Three
 HOW LONG HAVE YOU KNOWN HIM/HER?
Warm up

Do you change friends or possessions often?

KEEP GOING
And you?
AND YOU What is your favorite possession? How long have you owned it?
• Answer these questions about yourself with the correct time period or point in time.

We use ‘how Classmate Classmate

How long have you… Me
long’ to ask for 1 2
a period of time.
…studied English?
…lived in your house?
…had that hairstyle?
…known your teacher?
…attended this school?
…owned your present cell phone?
…been awake today?
…had your email address?
…had those shoes?
…known your best friend?
Talk t it
abou

• Now, ask the same questions to 2 of your classmates and write down the answers.
Write Remember to give full sentences with the present perfect.
about it

• Use some of this information to describe one of your classmates or your best
friend. You can also use some other information you know about him/her.
• Be sure to include a minimum of 2 examples of for
and since with the present perfect in your text.

I’ve known
since

Compare
+Share
• Check your writing with the person you described. Is this a good
description of your classmate? Check the uses of for and since.

Platform Three 69
 VOCABULARY

HARMFUL OR USEFUL INVENTIONS?

Warm up Can you think of something that is useful, but also causes problems
KEEP GOING

or is dangerous?
What do you think has been the worst invention in history? Why?
Practice
• Look at the pictures and dictionary definitions below and put the
words for these inventions in the correct space.
aerosols vaccinations videogames artificial intelligence
gunpowder cars gasoline genetically modified food
rockets insecticides social networks nuclear energy

Give
More • Good or bad?
Which of these
inventions are good
for society? Which
are bad? Circle
the corresponding
symbol for each
invention based on
your opinion.

SCIENTIFIC DICTIONARY

A liquid under pressure in a can, it comes out in gas form in a spray.

Fruit or vegetables that have some elements scientifically changed to create specific
favorable characteristics.
A website or app on electronic devices to interact and share with other users.
A cylindrical projectile that travels far and fast in the sky.
Definitions

A chemical applied or sprayed on plants to kill insects.

An explosive powder used in guns, fireworks and dynamite.
A liquid fuel from oil, used to power a variety of machines.
An injection applied to people (especially babies) to prevent sicknesses.
A vehicle with four wheels, used to transport people.
Energy (normally heat, converted to electricity) which comes from the reaction in the
nucleus of an element.
An electronic game played on a device, console or screen, typically with a hand controller.
A system to develop computers, robots, etc. than think and lean independently.

Compare
+ Share

• Compare your opinion with your classmates. Do you agree? Give your reasons.

70 Platform Three
 LANGUAGE

PRESENT PERFECT: TIME MARKERS

Hey Bill. Have you ever eaten No, I’ve never eaten GM
genetically modified food? food. I prefer organic food.

KEEP GOING
I’ve just done my ethics project The Ethics project! I
about it. It’s a complicated topic. haven’t started it yet! I still
haven’t chosen a topic.

I can help you. I’ve already Thanks a lot. I’ve already failed
investigated a lot of information. two classes this year, so I want to
get a good grade.

We use a variety of the markers with the present perfect to complement our
information. Look at the different uses and locations of the time markers:

 Ever- in questions to
Have you ever eaten insects?
emphasize, any 1 time:   Remember:
 Never- in sentences to Pay attention to
I’ve never eaten insects.
emphasize, not any 1 time: the position
 Already- in sentences to of the markers.
Pete’s already finished the exam. • Yet at the end
emphasize it is finished:
of a negative
 Just- in sentences to sentence.
emphasize very recently Sally’s just had an accident. Please call an ambulance. • Already, just,
finished: never between
have/has and
 Still- in negatives to emphasize past participle.
it has not happened up to and It’s 11:30 now and I still haven’t had breakfast. • Still after
including this moment: the subject
in a negative
 Yet- in negatives to explain
sentence.
something not happened up I haven’t seen the new movie yet.
• Ever after the
to now:
subject in a
Practice
question.
• Put these words in the correct order no form sentences.
Pay attention to the position of the time markers.
1 never / I / eaten / food / strange / have
2 done / has / his / Nick / homework / already
3 spoken / have / just / I / teacher / the / to
4 still / not / we / read / book / have / the
5 flown / an / in / you / ever / ? / have / airplane
6 yet / not / has / finished / Paul / high school
Practice
• Put the correct time marker in the space.
1 I haven’t cleaned my bedroom .
2 Have you been to Canada?
3 It’s 9:17. The class finishes at 9:15. So, the teacher has left the classroom.
4 I have a meeting in an hour and I haven’t prepared my report.

And you?
AND YOU • Complete these 1 I’ve never
answers with your 2 I’ve just
information. 3 I still haven’t

Platform Three 71
 CHANGING THE WEATHER
Warm up

Have you ever wanted to change the weather? Do you think it’s possible to
KEEP GOING

change the weather, artificially? How could we do this?

Reading

• Read this article about a new Chinese initiative to manipulate the weather.

China: changing the weather

C
hina has started a $168 million project to control
the weather and bring rain to the driest parts of
its large nation.
At some point, we have already imagined this type of
possibility, and the ancient Aztecs even asked Tlaloc
—the god of rain— to help with the weather. But we have
never seen it as a reality… before now.
That’s right. They’ve developed a new technology called
cloud seeding, which involves shooting thousands of
bullets of salt and minerals into the sky. The bullets con-
tain silver iodide, which helps ice and water particles to
form in clouds and consequently create rain or snow.
The country’s government is investing millions of dol-
lars to make it a reality. Their Weather Modification De-
partment employs 35,000 people all across the country
and has already created billions of tons of artificial rain.
There are also some reports that the Chinese govern-
ment used this technology during the 2008 Beijing
Olympics to clean the notoriously dirty and smog-filled
skies of the city by forcing the rain to come early.
However, China is not the only country that has used
this technology. Other nations have also experimented
with similar, smaller schemes to bring
or stop the rain, depending on their re-
quirements.
The problems for most scientists are
many, including: does this really work?
And, what are the dangers and side-ef-
fects of playing god with the weather?
Can we really expect to control the
weather and not receive any danger-
ous consequences in the long term?

Practice
• Use the information in the text to circle the correct answers.
1 China wants to create dry/sunny/rainy weather.
2 Cloud seeding is a new technology that creates silver/rain/minerals.
3 The Weather Modification Department hasn’t/has produced man-made rain.
4 The government used cloud seeding before the Beijing Olympics to create
smoggy/clean/dirty air.
5 No/Some other countries have already used this technology.
Give Listen
More 21
• Listen to this report about a Mexican biochemical engineer who has designed a way
to improve one of Mexico’s most famous exports.

Has a Mexican scientist improved the avocado?

Dr Luis Rafael Herrera Estrella, a scientist from , has already
studied and developed transgenic versions of and green
, among other vegetables.
Now, he has focused on avocados.
He wants to change three key aspects: to create a tree which
needs less to grow; to create an avocado of better quality and
more , so companies can export it to .

Compare
+ Share • Compare your answers with your partner. Give
More • What dangers or problems
Do you have the same information? Did could this modification cause?
you spell the words correctly? Is it a good idea?

72 Platform Three
 IT HASN’T HAPPENED YET
Warm up

What have you just done? What have you still not done?

KEEP GOING
Be creative with your answers
Talk t it
abou • Look at these phrases. With your partner, complete these sentences, using the
present perfect and one of these words: ever, never, just, already, still or yet.
Remember to place the words in the correct order. Be imaginative!

It’s 11:35 am and…

Nathan is 14 years old…
Scientists are developing artificial intelligence, but…
Class starts in 5 mtinutes…
There are more than 12 billion cars on the world’s roads…
Veepy is the latest social network…
Mrs Mitchell has been in the dentist’s waiting room for more than an hour…
Vaccinations are now a common part of modern medicine, but…
Harry sent his application for a job at the law firm last week…
Gunpowder was invented thousands of years ago in ancient China…

Compare
+ Share

• There can be more than one correct answer for each sentence. Share your answers
with your classmates. Who has the most imaginative sentences?
Write
about it • Choose any of the inventions and discoveries on page 70 and describe the effects
it has had on human civilization. In your descriptions, include at least 1 example of
each of these words: never, already, yet, still, with the present perfect.

Compare
+ Share
• Check your writing with your partner, paying special attention to
the use of the present perfect and the key words.

Platform Three 73
 VOCABULARY

ANCIENT INVENTIONS + DISCOVERIES

Warm up

What discoveries and inventions do you know from before the 20th century?
KEEP GOING

How do you think life was without electricity and computers?

Practice
• Look at the inventions and discoveries in the box below.
Put them under the corresponding picture.

the wheel the alphabet the compass money

clocks the plow cement optical lenses
nails paper fire the printing press

Give
More
• With the information of these inventions and discoveries, put them in
chronologic order. Start with the oldest, and finish with the most recent.

oldest

most
recent
And you?
AND YOU
• Which of these are inventions and which are discoveries?
In your opinion, what’s the difference?
• Which of these 12 inventions or discoveries have
changed the most over time? Which haven’t changed?

74 Platform Three
 LANGUAGE

PRESENT PERFECT VS PAST SIMPLE

Hi Bill. Have you heard about No, I haven’t. I prefer proper
the new electronic money? money. It feels more authentic.

Well I think it’s really interesting
and we all need money!
No, I didn’t see it. What did it say?
I haven’t thought about that.
What did people do before
they invented money?
KEEP GOING
That’s true. Did you see a
documentary on TV last night
about new forms of money?
It talked about the history
of money and how it has
changed through time.

What’s the difference between present perfect and past simple?

• Look at these sentences to help you:
Present perfect Past simple
Specific
I have been to the USA. I went to the USA last year.
points
I have eaten caviar. I ate caviar last Christmas. in past.
I haven’t studied French. I didn’t study French in secondary school.

 An action that started in past

 Finished, completed actions in past
and continues in present.
 An action in a specific point in past
 An action in an unspecified point in past.

Present Past
Practice
• Look at these sentences perfect simple
and the conjugation of the
1 I’ve never visited the USA
verb. Is the sentence in past
simple or present perfect? 2 Have you seen the new Emma Watson movie?
Use the time markers and 3 I finished the project last night
the context of the phrase to 4 Did you see the tornado?
help you. Check the correct 5 I’ve studied English for 5 years.
column. 6 I went to California in 2012.
Practice
• Read these sentences and circle the correct conjugation of the verb. Pay special attention to the
context to help you decide if the verb is present perfect or simple.
1  Scientists created/have created a new type of vaccination for children.
2  Videogames caused/have caused many addictions in children since the 1980s.
3  The government used/has used this rocket in 1996.
4  Social networks helped/have helped people from all over the world keep in touch with others.
5  Before gasoline, some cars used/have used steam energy. Today, cars became/have become the
most popular from all transport.
And you?
AND YOU
• Answer these questions about yourself,
using the present perfect or past simple.
1  What have you done recently? I’ve
2  What did you do last weekend? I’ve
3  What have you done today? I’ve
4  Where did you go yesterday? I went to

Platform Three 75
 MEXICANS REINVENTING PLASTIC
Warm up
Plastic is one of the most common and useful inventions of the 20th century.
KEEP GOING

Can you name 20 things made of plastic?

• Share your answers with your classmates. Do they have any surprising answers?
Reading
• Read these 2 articles about new, degradable and environmentally friendly options
to reinvent plastic, invented by Mexicans.

12-year-old boy creates corn cups
What did you do when you were twelve years old? What have
you done to clean up the millions of tons in Mexico’s streets
every day?
Well, when Isaí Pérez, a primary school student from Mexico
City, saw all the used corn cob cen-
ters in the street one day, he had
an idea: use this material to make
molds for cups or glasses.
The corn material is perfect be-
cause it is completely degradable
(in about a month) and it doesn’t
change the flavor or smell of the
water in the recipient. Plus, it’s ex-
tremely cheap, because it uses nat-
ural, waste materials.
Isaí has received help from the government’s PAUTA program
and is waiting for more help to make his product on a large
scale.
Tamarind seeds can replace styrofoam
How many times have you used a Styrofoam or Unicel cup or
plate at a party or at home? They’re a cheap, convenient alter-
native to washing dozens of glasses after a party, but they cre-
ate massive amounts of garbage
and pollution.
Two Mexican scientists from
UNAM University in Mexico City
have created a new biodegrad-
able foam material, made from
the tamarind tree! They have
developed a way to extract the
glucose from the seeds and
have converted it into a material
which degrades in just months.
Mexico produces 39 thousand tons of tamarind a year, but a
third of this is the seeds, which previously we have thrown into
the trash. Now, these scientists have possibly found an innova-
tive use for this previously useless part of the tree.

Practice
• Read the texts again and check the box that corresponds
to the correct product. Tamarind
Corn cups Styrofoam
1 This product comes from a natural process.
2 This product is totally bio-degradable.
3 He has received some help from the government.
4 The product comes from previously ‘useless’ parts of the plant.
5 This product could reduce pollution.
6 A Mexican has designed this new product.
Listen
22
• Listen to these 2 news articles about other new,
environmentally-friendly options to plastic.

Plastic from shrimp shells Eat your water bottle!

Scientists from Egypt’s Ooho is the first product from this innovative
University and the University of Nottingham laboratory in .
in have developed a They have developed a new packaging for
new type of plastic made from shrimp shells. water made from . This is
The scientists buy the shrimp shells from than plastic and they have
local fishermen, and created ‘ ’ of water with this
. material that you can ‘eat’!
Last year, Egypt imported They have received many awards since
tons of shrimp, and produced , when they founded the company.
tons of garbage. Find out more at website www. .com

76 Platform Three
 HAVE YOU EVER DONE THAT?
Warm up

Have you had a very strange or unforgettable experience?

KEEP GOING
What happened? Who was with you?
Talk t it
abou • With your partner, take turns asking and answering these questions. Remember
to say if you have or haven’t done the action in present perfect. Then give specific
details in the past tense. You can use pages 86 and 87 to check the conjugations
of the verbs.

Have you ever changed your look?

Have you ever fallen asleep in a strange place?

Have you ever done something embarrassing?

Have you ever camped? Compare

+Share • Choose one of
your partner’s
Have you ever gone on a diet?
answers and
describe it to
Have you ever been to a wedding?
your class.
Remember to
Have you ever cheated in an exam?
use he/she
and present
Have you ever forgotten your mom’s/
perfect/past
dad’s/brother’s/sis ter’s birthday?
simple tenses
appropriately.
Have you ever ridden a skateboard/horse/motorbike?
• Who has the
most interesting
Have you ever seen a crime/accident?
story?

Write
about it
• Now, answer any of the questions above in writing. Give more specific details about
exactly when and where it happened. Use both the past simple (specific points in
time, finished actions) and present perfect (continues to present, undefined point in
past). Also add one example of for, since and never (with present perfect).

My experiences

Compare
+ Share
• Check your writing with your partner. Pay attention to the different uses and
conjugations of present perfect and past simple. You can check the correct verb
form on pages 86 and 87.

Platform Three 77
 LOGICAL THINKING: WHO INVENTED THAT?
• Read these sentences to complete the descriptions of each new invention.
You must read all the information carefully to complete the puzzle.
WRAP UP

Inventor’s name: Dr Murphy Inventor’s name: Prof. Reed Inventor’s name: Prof. Edwards
Name of invention: Name of invention: Name of invention:
Year of invention: Year of invention: Year of invention:
Field/uses: Field/uses: Field/uses:

The XFly4U is the most

expensive invention.
Dr Morgan made the cheapest
invention 2 years after Prof.
Edwards made the CUNowBox. Inventor’s name: Dr Melvins Inventor’s name: Dr Morgan
The IC3000 is an invention in Name of invention: Name of invention:
the field of entertainment. Year of invention: Year of invention:
Field/uses: Field/uses:
The oldest invention has been
in the market since 1975.
The RevoFutura was made in
2014.
The Homefix2K costs $99.
The XFly4U was invented 6
Prof. Edwards’ invention costs years after the HomeFix2K. Prof. Reed’s invention costs
$85 more than the RevoFutura. $5,999.
Dr Murphy’s invention
The CUNowBox is an invention costs $300 more than the The RevoFutura costs $65 and is
in the communications field. CUNowBox. useful in the field of medicine.
The Homefix2K is a useful Dr Melvins made his invention The XFly4U is an invention in
invention in the domestic field. in 2010. the field of transport.

Compare
+Share
• Who completed the puzzle first? Do you have the same answers?

78 Platform Three
 PROJECT

MY FAVORITE INVENTION
In your opinion, what has been the most important invention in history?
For you, what is the most useful invention or discovery?
Present this favorite invention to your class.
Investigate
• Use the internet to discover more about it and complete the factsheet below.
My favorite invention

WRAP UP
Name of inventor(s)

Place of discovery

Date/year of invention

Materials used

Uses

Practice
• Now, with the information from above, present your invention to the group,
using the format your teacher gives you (a flyer, presentation, poster, news
report, etc.). Remember to include the following information:

Checklist
Min. 2 examples of present perfect
Min. 1 example of since
Min. 1 example of for
Min. 3 adjectives to describe invention
How invention is useful for society
Pictures of people using the invention
Details of the creation of the invention
How you use this invention in your daily life
Why is the invention so important?
Compare
+Share

• Present your favorite invention and description to the class.

Give
More
• Imagine the world without your invention! What would you do without it?
What wouldn’t you do? Discuss your ideas with your classmates.

Platform Three 79
 LANGUAGE REVIEW
• Put the words in the correct order to form questions and sentences.
1. this / seen / new / have / invention / you / ?
2. gotten / vaccine / has / a / just / Oliver
3. medical / discovered / the / ? / what / scientists / have
4. this / our / already / discovery / has / changed / diets
5. blood / ? / gotten / have / a / ever / you / test
WRAP UP

6. eaten / genetically / ’ve / never / I / food / modified

7. last / this / scientists / medicine / year / new / created
8. had / have / long / black / you / that / how / ? / dress
9. a / weekend / Riley / had / fever / since / last / ’s
10. 2008 / in / has / since / factory / Matt / the / worked
/10
• Add the word from the box below to complete the sentences.
yet already ago for already
since never still just for

1. Jonny is a very extreme young boy. He’s only 12 years old and he’s swum with sharks
and done a bungee jump! But, he’s ridden a horse.
2. Don’t come in here with those dirty shoes! I’ve cleaned the floor!
3. I haven’t seen Phil more than three years! What’s he doing now?
4. Olivia has been sick a week and she hasn’t been to the doctor.
She says she doesn’t need any medicine.
5. Rich only started his history project an hour ago and he’s finished it. He’s a fast worker.
6. Katie moved house last month, but I haven’t seen it .
7. Martha has been in love with her boyfriend she met him in primary school, eleven years
.
/10

• Circle the correct option to complete the sentences. Pay attention to all the context to help you.
1. Ryan believes in traditional medicine. He’s taken homeopathy.
(a) ever  (b) not  (c) for  (d) never  (e) still

2. I’m really hungry. I haven’t eaten anything more than eight hours.
(a)  still  (b) since  (c) just  (d) already  (e) for

3. Luke fell off his bike and is in the hospital. He’s had an X-ray. Fortunately, he didn’t break any bones.
(a)  not  (b) for  (c) ever  (d) just  (e) has

4. Mason got a blood test yesterday, because he’s had a strange sickness he was a child.
(a) still  (b) since  (c) just  (d) already  (e) for

5. I’m not a very adventurous person. I’ve climbed a mountain or flown in a helicopter.
(a) ever  (b) not  (c) for  (d) never  (e) still

6. My sister is a famous singer and she’s sung in some of the largest stadiums in the state of
Chihuahua.
(a) still  (b) since  (c) ever  (d) already  (e) for

7. Arthur is nineteen years old and he hasn’t learnt to ride a bicycle.

(a) ever  (b) not    (c) for  (d) never  (e) still

8. Have you seen a camel?

(a) ever  (b) since  (c) yet  (d) seen  (e) for

80 Platform Three
9. It’s 5:30 and I haven’t had lunch . I’ve been so busy, I forgot to eat!
(a) not  (b) for  (c) yet  (d) just  (e) never

10. Mr Gray has been a computer programmer more than twenty years.
/10
(a) ever  (b) not  (c) for  (d) never  (e) still

• Are these sentences in the simple past or present perfect tense?

WRAP UP
• Read the dialogue between two friends carefully and conjugate the missing verbs correctly,
in present perfect or past simple. Pay attention to the time markers to help you.

Grace: Hey Abigail. How are you? Where you (go) last
weekend?
Abigail: I went to the mall with my boyfriend. He (buy) me a dress for my
graduation.
Grace: I still (buy, not) my dress. I have to go next week. I
(go, not) shopping since last Christmas. you
ever (buy) clothes online? My sister’s just bought a beautiful jacket from a
website. It was really cheap.
Abigail: No, I (buy, never) anything online. I prefer to look in all the shops.
Grace: That’s true. Do you want to go with me next weekend?
Abigail: I’m sorry, I can’t. I have a big final project for math class and I (start, not) it
yet.
Grace: I can help you. I’ve already finished my project. I (do) it three days ago. It’s
easy. And you know that I really like math.
Abigail: Great! Thanks very much. We can help each other: you’ve already finished your math project, but
you still (buy, not) your dress and I’ve already bought my dress but I
(start, not) my math project yet.
/10

SELF-ASSESSMENT
I need more almost a piece
Language functions: practice perfect of cake!

STEP 1: Establish and report actions that started in past and continue
STEP 2: Describing health problems
STEP 3: Analyze and inform of harmful or useful actions
STEP 4: Describe scientific and social achievements

GRADE YOURSELF!
• Give yourself a grade out of 10 for the language from this unit
Language: Vocabulary:

The Present Perfect /10 Technology & Manufacturing /10

Present Perfect: For/Since /10 Sicknesses & Medical Treatment /10
Present Perfect: ever, never, already, still, yet, just /10 Harmful or Useful Inventions? /10
Present Perfect vs Past Simple /10 Ancient Inventions & Discoveries /10

Platform Three 81
 COMPETITION

UNFORGETTABLE EXPERIENCES BOARD GAME

Warm up
• Divide the class into teams of 4-6 players and design your player piece for the
game. You also need a dice (or a dice app on your cell phone) for your team.
Talk t it
abou • With the dice, play the game answering the questions. You must answer the
question fully and correctly to advance. Remember to use past tense or present
perfect correctly. Your classmates will check our answer. If your answer is
complete enough, you can advance.
WRAP UP

OOPS! You
What did What have Name 3 have a fever
you do you already sicknesses and a sore
Start yesterday? done today? you have had. throat. Miss a
turn to rest and
get better.

Complete this
Name Talk about What is a more
the 5 most something important phrase: I’ve
Describe your important you have invention: know my best
last vacation. inventions or never done. The wheel or friend since…
discoveries in Why haven’t the computer? Give some more
your opinion. you done it? Why? details about your
friendship.

Who has helped

Name 1 What’s or influenced
Talk about the invention your most your country Talk about
last time you that has been memorable more: something you’ve
were sick. negative for experience? Benito Juarez, just done.
humanity. Explain. Miguel Hidalgo
or Pancho Villa?
Why?

Describe 1 Extreme What are the

product that accident. What has been What was the
your biggest good and
is produced or You create bad points of best moment
manufactured a dangerous mistake in life? of your life?
genetically
in Mexico. new disease. Explain. Explain.
modified food?
Miss a turn.

Complete What has been

Name the sentence: When was the the biggest
something I’ve studied last time you problem or
English for… took some
that you still
Give details medicine?
obstacle to Finish
haven’t done progress
today. about your Explain. in Mexico?
learning Explain.
process.

Give
More
• What interesting or funny things did your learn from your classmates?
What was the most surprising thing you heard?

82 Platform Three
 SAY IT RIGHT: PH/F
In English, we combine p + h to create a specific ph sound.
Listen The ph sound is identical to the f sound.
22

• Look at the spelling of these words and listen to their pronunciation.

WRAP UP
microphone physics autograph apostrophe

Practice nephew triumph graphics geography

• Now, practice the pronunciation of the words. Ask your classmate to check
your pronunciation.
• Make a list of other words you know with ph.
Use the pictures or the internet to help you.

• Compare your answers with your classmates. Add any extra words you discover.

FIND THE SOUND!

Listen The ph/f sound is similar (but different) to the v sound.
23 Practice

• Listen and compare the sounds: • Practice pronouncing these different

pairs of words. Pay attention to the
file-vile  fan-van  vary-fairy different pronunciations.

Listen 1 fail veil 4 fast vast

24
2 fine vine 5 fin vin
• Listen carefully and circle the words you hear. 3 fat vat 6 volley folly

Platform Three 83
 VOCABULARY REVIEW

blood test alphabet plow

log into
sore throat nails compass

tools
car
vaccination
artificial intelligence headache medicine cough

pack
money X-ray raw materials parts

stomachache
cold engineer cough syrup
WRAP UP

GM food
cement

printing press
fire
insecticide
runny nose warehouse
clocks
rocket

nausea factory

fever
wheel

vaccine
videogame cutting edge homeopathy
paper
optical lenses
gasoline

aerosols
gunpowder impact
assembly line social network
innovation
nuclear energy develop
touchscreen
equipment gadget

Manufacturing Manufacturing

Sicknesses

Ancient inventions

Harmful inventions

Technology

Medical treatment

84 Platform Three
 VERB LIST
Regular past verbs Regular past verbs

Present Simple past Past participle Present Simple past Past participle
answer answered answered log into logged into logged into
apply applied applied look looked looked
arrive arrived arrived love loved loved
ask asked asked measure measured measured
attend attended attended miss missed missed
board boarded boarded need needed needed
bully bullied bullied offer offered offered
call called called open opened opened
change changed changed own owned owned
cheat cheated cheated pack packed packed
check checked checked pass passed passed
clean cleaned cleaned plan planned planned
climb climbed climbed play played played
close closed closed prepare prepared prepared
copy copied copied pull pulled pulled
cough coughed coughed push pushed pushed
cover covered covered rain rained rained
create created created receive received received
cry cried cried recommend recommended recommended
cycle cycled cycled remember remembered remembered
design designed designed reserve reserved reserved
destroy destroyed destroyed resign resigned resigned
develop developed developed rest rested rested
die died died sack sacked sacked
discover discovered discovered save saved saved
disrespect disrespected disrespected serve served served
dive dived dived show showed showed
document documented documented speculate speculated speculated
fail failed failed start started started
finish finished finished stay stayed stayed
fire fired fired study studied studied
follow followed followed travel traveled traveled
happen happened happened try tried tried
hope hoped hoped turn turned turned
ignore ignored ignored tutor tutored tutored
impact impacted impacted type typed typed
influence influenced influenced use used used
innovate innovated innovated visit visited visited
invent invented invented volunteer volunteered volunteered
investigate investigated investigated wait waited waited
jump jumped jumped walk walked walked
laugh laughed laughed want wanted wanted
like liked liked watch watched watched
live lived lived work worked worked
 Irregular past verbs Irregular past verbs

Present Simple past Past participle Present Simple past Past participle
be was/were been lead led led
become became become learn learnt learnt
begin began begun leave left left
bite bit bitten let let let
break broke broken lose lost lost
bring brought brought make made made
burn burnt burnt meet met met
buy bought bought pay paid paid
catch caught caught put put put
choose chose chosen quit quit quit
come came come read read read
cost cost cost ride rode ridden
cut cut cut ring rang rung
do did done run ran run
draw drew drawn say said said
drink drank drunk see saw seen
drive drove driven sell sold sold
eat ate eaten send sent sent
fall fell fallen shoot shot shot
feel felt felt shut shut shut
fight fought fought sing sang sung
find found found sit sat sat
fly flew flown sleep slept slept
forget forgot forgotten speak spoke spoken
forgive forgave forgiven spend spent spent
get got gotten stand stood stood
give gave given steal stole stolen
go went gone swim swam swum
grow grew grown take took taken
hang out hung out hung out teach taught taught
have had had tell told told
hear heard heard think thought thought
hide hid hidden throw threw thrown
hit hit hit understand understood understood
hold held held wake up woke up woken up
hurt hurt hurt win won won
keep kept kept write wrote written
know knew known
CREDITS

Platform 1
Page 5 teenvogue.com
theguardian.com
independent.co.uk
Wikipedia.org

Page 8 samsung.com
interestingengineering.com

Page 12 icehotel.com
bbc.com

Page 16 mnn.com
wikipedia.org
diariodecolima.com
yahoo.com
businessinsider.com

Platform 2
Page 30 archdaily.co*
archdaily.mx**
fastcodesign.com
businessinsider.com
theurbandeveloper.com
networkworld.com

Page 33 10mosttoday.com

Page 40 bbc.com
wikipedia.org
forbes.com.mx
casadragones.com.mx

Page 44 citypopulation.de
takepart.com
wikipedia.org
oecd.org
businessinsider.com
smithsonianmag.com
nytimes.com
 Page 48 positive.new es-us.noticias.yahoo.com
wikipedia.org yahoo.com
Page 70 content.time.com
Page 50 dumblaws.com therichest.com
telegraph.co.uk listverse.com
dailymail.co.uk purbat.com
businessinsider.com
thoughtcatalog.com Page 72 businessinsider.com
science.howstuffworks.com
Platform 3 ira.cinvestav.mx
conacytprensa.mx
Page 58 vuhl05.com wikipedia.org
es-us.noticias.yahoo.com Page 74 theatlantic.com
topspeed.com
caradvice.com.au Page 76 harmonia.la
capitalmexico.com.mx
Page 61 livescience.com pauta.org.mx
startupguide.com revistayei.com
geniusstuff.com unotv.com
telegraph.co.uk jornada.unam.mx
famousscientists.org dgcs.unam.mx
listwoo.com voanews.com
cnn.com
Page 64 elfinancieo.com.mx popsci.com
mexiconewsnetwork.com newatlas.com
saudicaves.com aseanbreakingnews.com
yahoo.com.mx skippingrockslab.com
Page 68 theguardian.com oohowater.com

*Malhão, D. (2013). Google Madrid / DDOCK [fotografía]. Recuperada de http://www.archdaily.

co/co/02-314716/google-madrid-hq-jump-studios
*Jensen , A. (2014). Google Amsterdam / DDOCK [fotografía]. Recuperada de http://www.arch-
daily.co/co/02-350532/google-amsterdam-ddock
**Velazquez , E. (2014). Google Mexico / DDOCK [fotografía]. Recuperada de http://www.arch-
daily.mx/mx/02-356391/google-space
**Sikolski, I. (2013). Oficinas de Google en Tel Aviv / DDOCK [fotografía]. Recuperada de http://
www.archdaily.mx/mx/02-240625/oficinas-de-google-en-tel-aviv-camenzind-evolution
*Wurmli, P. (2013). Google Campus Dublin / DDOCK [fotografía]. Recuperada de http://www.
archdaily.co/co/02-273021/google-campus-dublin-camenzind-evolution-henry-j-lyons-architects
**Penson. (2013). Nuevas Oficinas de Google / DDOCK [fotografía]. Recuperada de http://http://
www.archdaily.mx/mx/02-182327/nuevas-oficinas-de-google-penson
 Publisher: Saúl Dávalos Morales
Diseño: David Pérez
Diagramación: Cecilia Lomas e Irene Conde
Captura del texto: Fernanda de Ávila
Cuidado del texto: Michael John Pryor
Fotografías: Thinkstock, Pixabay y Pexels

Step Up 3 se terminó de imprimir en mayo de 2017

en los talleres de Visual e Impresos S.A. de C.V.
Calle 54 núm. 814, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.