名词性从句

连接词
连接词不作任何句子成分，不可省略，只引导从句； that, if, whether
连 接 代 词 作主语、宾语、表语： what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever,
whomever
连接副词作状语：when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however

一．主语从句
主语从句在句子中作主语，在主语的位置上，或在句末，用形式主语 it 代替。
从句作主语时，谓语动词为单数。
What I do is a kind of legwork.
That she wants me to be dead worries me a lot.
Why he loves me is unknown.
When and where he will eat is important.
It is a pity that he hates me.
It remains to be seen whether/if he loves the girl.
Tips: 主语从句的 that 绝对不能省去。

1. It 作形式主语—— 代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构。
2. 用 it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It + be + 名词 + that 从句

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 It is a pity/ a shame/ a fact / an honor / common knowledge / no wonder that …
(2) It + be + 形容词 + that 从句
It is necessary/ important/ likely/ certain/ natural / strange that…
(3) It + be + 过去分词 + that 从句
It is told/ reported /said / has been proved that…
It is suggested/ advised/ requested/ required/ ordered/ insisted that...(should) + do...
(4) It + 不及物动词 + that 从句
It seems / appears / happens / matter / remains to be done that…
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的情况：
(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首.
(2) It is said (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前.
It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right)
That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong)
(3) It happens…/It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前.
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right)
That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong)
(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前.
It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right)
Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong)
(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前.
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right)
Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong)
【练习】
【2021·新高考 I 卷】 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
1. What

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二．宾语从句
作宾语的名词性从句，常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。
黄金法则：一看引导词，二看语序，三看时态。
She think that I am a woman.
Teachers always tell me that life is 10% what happens to you and 90% how you react to it.
You are what you say.
That will depend on whether they can get the chance.
Whether I will have the time I am not sure at the moment.
The boy knew when and where the girl would say the worst words.
1. 作动词的宾语
(1) 由 that 引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略)：
I heard that he wanted to watch Death Note.
(2) 由 what, whether (if)等 引导的宾语从句：
She did not know what had happened.
I wonder whether you can fly on the moon.
(3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句：
She told me that Adam was the first man.
2. 作介词的宾语：
Our success depends upon how much health we have.

3. 作形容词的宾语：
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.
注意：that 引导的宾语从句常跟的形容词：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined,
glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied,
content 等。
也可以将此类词后的 that 从句看作原因状语从句。

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4. it 可以作为形式宾语
it 可作形式主语，还可作形式宾语而真正的宾语 that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句
子中。
(1) 动词 find /feel /make/ think/ consider + it + adj/n + that 从句...
(2) 动词 hate/ dislike/ enjoy/ appreciate + it + that 从句...
(3) 短语动词 see to / depend on / rely on + it + that 从句...
(4) 固定搭配 take it for granted / owe it to sb + that 从句...
We heard it that she would get married next month.
5. Whether 和 If 引导的宾语从句
(1) whether 和 if 引导的宾语从句，不能省略，不作任何句子成分，但是有具体意义，意味“是否”
(2) 宾语从句中有 or not, 只能用 whether
(3) whether 引导的从句可以放在介词后，if 不能。
(4) 不定式前用 whether
6. 否定前移
谓语动词 think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine 等，宾语从句若含有否定意
义，要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。
I don’t think I lost her for ever.
【练习】
1. 【2021·天津】It seemed that I had become my parents had wanted me to be.
A．when B．where C．what D．whether
2. C
2. 【2021·浙江】Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak
she could do so remotely
3. whether##if
3. 【2021·北京】The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about she lived．
4. where
4. 【2020·浙江】Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on could be hunted or
gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
5. what

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5. 【2020·天津】My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish I put my
mind to.
A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．whichever
6. B

三．表语从句
一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。
特殊连接词 ： as if, as though ，because
引导表语从句的 that 一般不可省略, if 不能引导表语从句。
1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.
2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people.
3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.
4) You are what you say.
1. 连系动词有 be, seem, appear, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, keep, stay, remain, 等。
2. 常用的表语从句结构：
the reason is that… 和 the reason why...is that...
It/ That / This is because + 表语从句 (表原因)
It/ That/ This is why + 表语从句 (表结果)

【练习】
【2021·天津】What puzzles Lily's friends is she always has so many crazy ideas.
A．whether B．why C．what D．when
7. B

四．同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1. 同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由 that 引导，
1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.

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 2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
2. 同位语常跟的名词
常用的名词有 advice, news, fact, hope, idea, promise, question, suggestion,thought, truth, wish, word,
conclusion, doubt 等
3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
（1） 同位语从句是对先行词的进一步陈述，含义相同的同等关系，说明具体内容。
定语从句是对先行词的修饰或限制，不说明具体内容。
（2） 同位语从句的“ that ” 不能省略。定语从句的关系代词“ that ” 在从句中作宾语时可以省略。

【练习】
【2020·江苏】It is not a problem we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
A．whether B．why C．when D．where
8. A

【连接词用法总结】
1. that
that 在名词性从句中不作任何成分, 引导宾语从句时有时可以省略, 引导主语从句、表语从句和
同位语从句时不能省略。
2. whether 与 if 引导的名词性从句
引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般用 whether, 不用 if。
3.

意为“无论谁”, 相当于 anyone who, 可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句,

whoever 在名词性从句中作主语或宾语, 无疑问的意思。

who 可引导名词性从句, 在句中作主语或宾语, 意为“谁”, 有疑问的意思。

意为“任何(事物), 无论什么东西”, 相当于 anything that, 可引导名词性从句或让

whatever 步状语从句, 在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或定语, 表示无范围的选择。

what 可引导名词性从句, 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语, 表示无范围的选择。

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 意为“任何人, 无论是谁”, 可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句, 在名词性从句中作
whomever 宾语。

whom 可引导名词性从句, 在从句中作宾语, 意为“谁”。

whichever 意为“无论哪个、哪些”, 可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句, 表示有范围的选择。

可引导名词性从句, 意为“哪一个”, 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语, 表示

which 有范围的选择。

练习：用 who 、whoever、what 、whatever 填空。

1. Sarah hopes to become a friend of shares her interests.
2. he witnessed in China aroused much interest among his countrymen.
3. you choose to wear should be clean.
4. will come to help with my English hasn’t been decided.
5. In texts, you don’t have to declare you are or even say hello.

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【语法练习】
名词性从句做题两步骤:
第 1 步判断是否属于名词性从句;
第 2 步判断名词性从句中的连接词;
① 若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语, 用连接代词：what which who whom whoever whomever 等;
② 若缺少状语就用连接副词 when where why how ;
③ 如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整, 是否需要用 whether/if;
④ 如果不缺少成分且意思完整用 that。

【基础练习】
名词性从单句语法填空 50 题
1. It is our responsibility, so I don't want now is to push it to the students.
2. Research suggests an increase in voice is a signal someone is lying.
3. The small mountain village we spent our holiday last month lies in is now part of
Hubei. （定语从句+名词性从句）
4. His family members gave some examples of his drinking and smoking had affected the
family.
5. It has been proved several new kinds of medicine have a positive effect on the cure of H7N9.
6. It is no use doing you like, you have got to like you do.
7. He jumped out of bed and ran to the door to see the parcel was for.
8. You can complain, but I doubt it will make any difference.
9. The bride and groom gave attended their wedding some gifts to share their happiness.
10. Helen has just heard the news from her father her boyfriend David will come back soon.
11. The message of Saving Private Ryan is humans want peace, not war.
12. There is still some doubt the system will work even though all the factors have been
considered.
13. John seemed puzzled about the question meant.
14. The teacher won't explain it is that makes his students so fascinated by his lessons.
15. It is announced that big prizes will go to finishes the assignment on time.
16. The news we won the game is exciting.

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 17. I have no idea he will come back home.
18. The thought came to him Mary had probably fallen ill.
19. We should consider the students’ request the school library provide more books on popular
science.
20. The fact is we have lost the game.
21.That’s just I want.
22. This is our problem lies.
23. That is he didn’t come to the meeting.
24. The reason he was late was he missed the train by one minute this morning .
25. The little girl who got lost decided to remain she was and wait tor her mother.
26. The last time we had great fun was we were visiting the Water Park.
27. He has told me will go to Shanghai tomorrow.
28. I want to know has told you.
29. She will give needs help a warm support.
30. he companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in
the 21st century.
31. Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?
32. there is life on the moon is an interesting question.
33. The fire destroyed was in the
building.
34. We know little about the young lady except you told
me.
35. I know nothing about her except she is from
Canada.
36. The question he asked was the electrical equipment should be stored.
37. there is life on another planet is almost
impossible.
38. Please give the book to wins the first
prize.

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39. The chance he will attend the meeting is very little.
40. It so happened I had no money on me.
41. Mark wondered you thought of the new film.
42. Some of the scientists held the view that the book said was right.
43. He was driving at I thought was a fantastic speed.
44. It has not been decided yet the meeting will start at the hall.
45. What we feel excited is we are passing the flame in Shenzhen now.
46. It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants
47. I am very interested in he has improved his pronunciation in such
a short time.
48. It is pretty well understood controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and
out the atmosphere today.
49. We have plenty of books here. You may take one you like best.
50. I know nothing about her except she is from Canada.

答案
1 .what 2.that 3.where,what 4.how 5.that 6.what,what 7.who
8.whether 9.whoever 10.that 11 .that 12.whether 13.what 14.what
15.whoever 16. that 17.when
18.that 19.that 20.that 21.what 22.where 23.why 24.why that 25.where 26.who
27. who 28.who
29.whoever 30.what 31.whoever 32.whether 33.whatever 34.what 35.that 36.that
37.that 38.whoever 39.that 40.that 41.how 42.whatever 43.what 44.when
45.that 46.whatever 47.how 48.what 49.whichever 50.that

【加强练习】
1. A sports guideline for China’s preschool children was published on June 9, 2018 in Beijing, saying
daily exercises for those in the age group should be no less than 180 minutes a day.
2 ．— Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale
University yesterday?
—Yeah, but I have no idea he did it; that’s one of his favorite universities.

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3 ． Some people believe has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself
in the
future
.
4 ． By boat is the only way to get we arrived.
here, which is

5．If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate is below the water surface. Often there
are rocks or branches hidden in the water.

6 ． Reading her biography ， I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had
achieved in
literature
.
7. He has heart disease. That is he has been smoking too much.
8. The family was rather poor but the honest man decided to give the bag to its owner. He gave it back to
Sam and asked him to check the bag had 50 gold coins.
9. Following the decline in house prices in many small and medium-sized cities, there are now signs
house prices in major cities may also be set for a slide.

10. The bride and groom gave attended their wedding some gifts to share their happiness.
11 ． New plans for the college entrance examination in Zhejiang are students have to
be tested
on Chinese, math, English and another three subjects as they
prefer.
12. mathematics is one of the most useful sections in human knowledge is widely accepted.
13. Li Bai ， a great Chinese poet ， was born is known to the public ， but some won’t
accept it.
14. We must find out Karl is coming ， so we can book a room for him.
15. —I wonder Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
16. You have to know you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.

17. We have learned from the story that is most valuable is not what we have in our lives but
we have in our lives.
18. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s I got wet through.
19 ． These wild flowers are so special I would do I can to save
them.
20. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the

monkey exactly he wants.

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21. If you often feel tired and can’t focus your attention, that is you have to stop working too hard
and to have a rest.

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22 ．— What impresses you most about your
hometown?
—The street, the length of which is four times it was eight years ago ．

23 ． There is no doubt he will pass the tomorrow’s

exam.
24 ． The department manager promised told her who stole the necklace would be
rewarded. To her
surprise, no matter she said, there was no response.

25．The newly-built café, the walls of are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us,
especially after hard work.

26 ． The new shopping mall will be located in used to be a wasteland and a huge
garden will
be constructed there were numbers of tombs
27. —Jane looks down today. What’s up?

—Well, happened between Jane and me is none of your business.

28. Air pollution is most Chinese people are concerned about nowadays, because their health is
being threatened.

29. girls can be they would like to be, whether it is a pilot or an astronaut, is being accepted
all around the
world.

【名词性从句在写作中的运用】

一、主语从句常用句型

1. What impressed / embarrassed / excited me most was

that ....
我印象最深刻 / 最尴尬 / 最兴奋的事儿
是……

2. What we all know is that .... = What is known to us all is that ... = It is well-known to us all that ...

众所周知，
……

3. It is generally accepted / acknowledged / admitted / recognized

that....
人们普遍认
为……
4. It’s likely that ... = The chances are
13
that ... （表从）
很可
能……

5. It’s a pity / shame

that ....
令人遗憾 / 惭愧的
是……

6. It occurred to me that .... = It hit/ struck me that ...

我突然想
起……

7. It dawned on me that ...

我开始明白
了……

8. It is necessary / important / essential that ... should +v. 原形

…… 是必要的 / 重要
的

二、宾语从句常用句型

8.I would appreciate it if ...

如果……，我将不胜感激。

9. I’m convinced that ... = I firmly

believe that ...
我坚
信……

10. I suggest / advise that you should ...

我建议，你应
该……

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11. Please keep in mind that ... = Please remember
that ...
请记住…

12. I became aware that ...

我意识
到……

三、表语从句常用句型

13.It looks/ seems/ appears as if ...

似乎 / 好
像……

14.The reason why sb. did sth…is that 从

句…
某人之所以做某事的原因是因
为 ...

四、同位语从句常用句型

15.There’s no doubt that ...= There is no

denying that ...
毫无疑问；毋庸置疑

16. There is a possibility that ...

很可
能……

17. There is no chance that ... = There is no possibility that ...

不可
能……

18. Nothing is more important than the fact

that ....
没有什么比……更重要了

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19. Despite the fact that ... = In spite of the fact that ...

尽
管……

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20. Word came that ... /News reaches me
that...
消息传
来 .........

21.The fact /thought that...astonished/hurt/surprised sb. （写人记叙

文）
The fact that she didn't like me really hurt
me.

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