Bahan Kuliah TK5031

Topik-topik Pemodelan Sistem Proses

Case Study:
Vapor Compression Refrigeration System

Scope of Study:
• Single stage refrigeration cycle.
• Two stage refrigeration cycle.
• Three stage refrigeration cycle.

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 2 Case Study : Vapor Compression Refrigeration System

CS 01A : Single Stage Refrigeration Loop (1)

Single stage vapor compression refrigeration cycle using pure propane
as the refrigerant.
Problem 01A.1:
Assuming min. T =
7 C for the heat
transfer, determine
the operating press.
of the evaporator for
the target tempera-
ture range of -23 C
to 7 C.
Note: Use Hysys fea-
ture : stream attach-
ment → prop. Table!

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 3 Case Study : Vapor Compression Refrigeration System

CS 01A : Single Stage Refrigeration Loop (2)

Problem 01A.2:
For the refrigeration load of 100 kW @ evaporator temp of –20 C and
refrigerant condensing @ 40 C, determine:
a. Refrig. Flow : …………. kgs/h.
b. Cond. Duty : …………. kW.
c. Comp. Duty : …………. kW.
d. COP : ………

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 4 Case Study : Vapor Compression Refrigeration System

CS 01A : Single Stage Refrigeration Loop (3)

Problem 01A.3:
For the problem 01A.2, evaluate the effect of evaporating temperature in the
range of -20 C to 0 C at constant condensing temp of 40 C.

Problem 01A.4:
For the problem 01A.2, evaluate the effect of condensing temperature in the
range of 30 C to 45 C at constant evaporating temp of -20 C.

Problem 01A.5:
For the problem 01A.2, evaluate the effect of evaporating temperature in the
range of -20 C to 0 C and condensing temperature in the range of 30 C to
45 C.

Note:
Use Hysis feature for sensitivity analysis : Databook → Case Studies.

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 5 Case Study : Vapor Compression Refrigeration System

CS 01B : Two-stage Refrigeration Loop (1)

Two-stage vapor compression refrigeration cycle using pure propane as
the refrigerant.

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 6 Case Study : Vapor Compression Refrigeration System

CS 01B : Two-stage Refrigeration Loop (2)

Problem 01B.1:
For the refrigeration load of 100 kW @ evaporator temp of –20 C and
refrigerant condensing @ 40 C, determine:
a. Refrig. Flow : …………. kgs/h.
b. Cond. Duty : …………. kW.
c. Comp-1 Duty : …………. kW.
d. Comp-2 Duty : …………. kW.
e. Total Duty : …………. kW.
f. C.O.P : ............

Note:
The intermediate pressure is set such that both compressor stages
have the same pressure ratio.

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 7 Case Study : Vapor Compression Refrigeration System

CS 01B : Two-stage Refrigeration Loop (3)

Problem 01B.2:
For the problem 01B.1, evaluate the effect of intermediate pressure in
the range of 3 to 13 bar to the following parameters :
a. Refrigeration Flow (kgs/h).
b. Condenser Duty (kW).
c. Compressor Stage-1 Power (kW).
d. Compressor Stage-2 Power (kW).
e. Compressor Total Power (kW).
f. C.O.P.

Note:
1. Calculate the total power by summing up the stage-1 & stage-2 powers
using “mixer” unit operation.
2. Use Hysys Optimizer to determine the optimal intermediate pressure.

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 8 Case Study : Vapor Compression Refrigeration System

CS 01B : Two-stage Refrigeration Loop (4)

Problem 01B.3:
As in problem 01B.1, determine:
Refrig. Flow : …………. kgs/h. Cond. Duty : …………. kW.
Comp-1 Duty : …………. kW. Comp-2 Duty : …………. kW.
If Evap-1 Duty = 100 kW and Evap-2 Duty = 50 kW.

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 9 Case Study : Vapor Compression Refrigeration System

CS 01C : Three-stage Refrigeration Loop (1)

Three-stage vapor compression refrigeration cycle using pure propane
as the refrigerant.

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10 Case Study : Vapor Compression Refrigeration System

CS 01C : Three-stage Refrigeration Loop (2)

Problem 01C.1:
For the refrigeration load of 100 kW @ evaporator temp of –20 C and
refrigerant condensing @ 40 C, determine:
a. Refrig. Flow : …………. kgs/h.
b. Cond. Duty : …………. kW.
c. Comp-1 Duty : …………. kW.
d. Comp-2 Duty : …………. kW.
e. Comp-3 Duty : …………. kW.
f. Total Duty : …………. kW.
g. C.O.P : ...........

Note: The intermediate pressures are set such that each compressor stage has
the same pressure ratio.

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11 Case Study : Vapor Compression Refrigeration System

CS 01C : Three-stage Refrigeration Loop (3)

Problem 01C.2:
As in problem 01C.1, determine:
Refrig. Flow : …………. kgs/h.
Cond. Duty : …………. kW.
Comp-1 Duty : …………. kW.
Comp-2 Duty : …………. kW.
Comp-1 Duty : …………. kW.
C.O.P. : ...........

If Duties for
Evap-1 = 100 kW,
Evap-2 = 75 kW, and
Evap-3 = 50 kW.

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12 Case Study : Vapor Compression Refrigeration System

CS 01C : Three-stage Refrigeration Loop (4)

Simulation PFD for Problem 01C.2:

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Closing Remarks
1. Apply this refrigeration cycle as the cooling utility for the LPG Plant.
2. Self-study:
✓ Cascade refrigeration.
✓ Multicomponent refrigeration.

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