DRU MECHANIS INDICAT CONTRAINDICATION ADVERS NURS

DRUG G CLASSIFICATION M OF ACTION IONS S E REACTIONS ING RESPONSIBILITIES

NAME

Generic Name: Antituberculotic May inhibit cell-  First-line  Hypersensitivity CNS: peripheral BEFORE:
Isoniazid s wall biosynthesis therapy of  Acute liver disease neuropathy,
by interfering with active  Previous hepatitis seizures, toxic 1. Perform mycobacterial
lipid and DNA tuberculosis, from isoniazid encephalopathy, studies and susceptibility
Trade Name: synthesis; in memory tests prior to and
INH, Isotamine, Nydrazid bactericidal. combination impairment, toxic periodically during
with other psychosis therapy to detect
Actual Dosage: agents possible resistance.
 Prevention of EENT: optic neuritis
Adults and children age tuberculosis and atrophy 2. Assess for possible
15 and older: in patient allergies and
exposed to GI: epigastric contraindications.
5 mg/kg daily P.O. or active disease disease, nausea,
I.M. in a single daily vomiting 3. Inform the client the
dose, up to 300 mg/day, significance of the drug
with other drugs, Hematologic: and its adverse effects.
continued for 6 months agranucytosis,
to 2 years. aplastic anemia, DURING:
thrombocytopenia,
eosinophilia, 1. Follow the six rights of
hemolytic anemia, medication
sideroblastic administration:
For intermittent anemia
multiple-drug regimen:  Right Patient
 Right Drug
15 mg/kg (up to 900 mg)  Right Dose
P.O. or I.M. up to 3 Hepatic: hepatitis,  Right Route
times a week bilirubinemia,  Right Time
jaundice  Right Documentation

Metabolic: AFTER:
hyperglycemia,
hypocalcemia, 1. Be sure to teach the
hypophosphatemia patient the following
, metabolic acidosis about this medication:
 Skin: irritation at  Take on empty
injection site stomach
 Consume 2-3L of
Other: fluids per day
gynecomastia,  Avoid alcohol to
hypersensitivity prevent hepatic
reactions, toxicity
pyridoxine Pyridoxine(B6) is
deficiency, given to prevent
rheumatic and peripheral neuritis
lupus-like  Withhold drug if
syndromes weakness or jaundice
is occurring
 Report visual
disturbances
 Monitor closely
(Diabetes)
 F/U assessments and
eye exams

DRU MECHANIS INDICAT CONTRAINDICATION ADVERS NURS

DRUG G CLASSIFICATION M OF ACTION IONS S E REACTIONS ING RESPONSIBILITIES
NAME

Generic Name: Antituberculotic Inhibits DNA-  It is used to  Contraindicated  CNS: headache, BEFORE:
Rifampicin s dependent RNA treat TB with allergy to any drowsiness,
polymerase, which (tuberculosis) rifampicin, acute fatigue, 1. Assess for possible
Trade Name: impairs RNA hepatic disease, dizziness, allergies and
Rifadin, synthesis;  It is used to lactation. inability to contraindications.
Rimactane bactericidal stop the concentrate,
spread of  Use cautiously mental 2. Inform the client the
Actual Dosage: meningitis in with pregnancy confusion, significance of the drug
people who (teratogenic generalized and its adverse effects.
carry the effects have been numbness,
Adult: bacteria but reported in muscle DURING:
10 mg/kg P.O. or are not sick preclinical studies; weakness,
I.V. daily in single with the safest visual 1. Follow the six rights of
dose. Maximum disease. antituberculous disturbances. medication
daily dose is 600 regimen for use in  Dermatologic: administration:
mg. pregnancy is Rash, pruritus,
condidered to be urticaria,  Right Patient
rifampin, flushing,  Right Drug
isoniazid, and reddish  Right Dose
ethambutol). discoloration of  Right Route
body fluids—  Right Time
tears, saliva,  Right Documentation
urine, sweat,
sputum. AFTER:
 GI: heartburn,
distress, 1. Prepare patient for the
anorexia, reddish-orange coloring
vomiting gas, of body fluids (urine,
cramps, sweat, sputum, tears,
diaarhea, feces, saliva); soft contact
hepatitis, lenses may be
pancreatitis. permanently stained;
 GU: advise patients not to
hemoglobinuri wear them during
a, hematuria, therapy.
renal
insufficiency, 2. Teach client to take
acute renal drug in a single daily
failure, dose. Take on an empty
menstrual stomach, 1 hr before or 2
disturbances. hrs after meals.
 Hematologic:
eosinophilia, 3. Inform client to take
 thrombocytope this drug regularly; avoid
nia, transient missing any doses; do not
leucopenia, discontinue this drug
hemolytic without consulting the
anemia, health care provider.
decreased Hgb,
hemolysis. 4. Tell client to have
 Other: pain in periodic medical
extremities, checkups, including eye
osteomalacia, examinations and blood
myopathy, test, to evaluate the drug
fever, flulike effects.
symptoms.

DRU MECHANIS INDICAT CONTRAINDICATION ADVERS NURS

DRUG G CLASSIFICATION M OF ACTION IONS S E REACTIONS ING RESPONSIBILITIES
NAME
Generic Name: Antituberculotic May inhibit  Adjunctive for  Contraindicated in CNS: dizziness, BEFORE:
Ethambutol s synthesis of one or pulmonary TB children younger fever,
more metabolites than age 13, hallucinations, 1. 1 Perform visual
Trade Name: of susceptible patients headache, malaise, acuity and color
Etibi, Myambutol bacteria, changing hypersensitive to mental confusion, discrimination tests.
cell metabolism drug, and patient peripheral neuritis.
Actual Dosage: during cell division; with optic neuritis 2. Obtain AST and ALT
bacteriostatic.  Use cautiously in EENT: optic neuritis levels.
Adults and patients with irreversible
children age 13 impaired renal blindness DURING:
and older: function,
cataracts, GI: abdominal pain, 1. Follow the six rights
In patients who recurrent eye anorexia, GI upset, of medication
haven’t received inflammation, nausea, vomiting administration.
prior gout, or diabetic
antituberculotics, retinopathy. Hematologic: 2. Perform visual acuity
15 mg/kg P.O. Irreversible thrombocytopenia, and color
daily as a single blindness has leukopenia, discrimination test.
dose once every occurred. neutropenia
24 hours, AFTER:
combined with Metabolic:
other hyperuricemia 1. Monitor AST and ALT
antituberculous levels every 3-4
therapy Musculoskeletal: weeks
For retreatment, joint pain
25 mg/kg P.O. 2. Monitor uric acid
every 24 hours as Skin: toxic level; observe patient
a single dose for epidermal for signs and
60 days with at necrolysis, symptoms of gout
least one other dermatitis, pruritus
antituberculotics; Other: 3. Ensure any changes
after 60 days, anaphylactoid in vision don’t result
decrease to 15 reactions, from an underlying
mg/kg/day as a precipitation of condition.
single dose every acute gout
24 hours. 4. Tell patient to report
all vision changes
immediately; explain
that eye
examinations will be
 necessary. Advise
patient that visual
disturbances usually
disappear several
weeks to months
after drug is stopped.
Inflammation of the
optic nerve is related
to dosage and
duration of
treatment.

5. Inform patient that

the drug is given with
other
antituberculotics.

6. Stress importance of
compliance with drug
therapy

DRU MECHANIS INDICAT CONTRAINDICATION ADVERS NURS

DRUG G CLASSIFICATION M OF ACTION IONS S E REACTIONS ING RESPONSIBILITIES
NAME
Generic Name: Antituberculotic Pyrazinamide  Initial  Contraindicated Dermatologic: BEFORE:
Pyrazinamide s diffuses into active treatment of with allergy to Rashes, 1. Assessment:
M. tuberculosis active TB in pyrazinamide, photosensitivity
Trade Name: that express adults and acute hepatic History:
Rifater, Tebrazid pyrazinamidase children with disease, lactation, Gastrointestinal: Allergy to pyrazinamide,
enzyme that combined acute gout. Hepatotoxicity, acute hepatic disease,
converts with other nausea, vomiting, gout, diabetes mellitus,
Actual Dosage: pyrazinamide to antituberculo  Use cautiously diarrhea, anorexia acute intermittent
the active form tic with diabetes porphyria, pregnancy.
15 to 30 mg/kg pyrazinoic acid.  Treatment of mellitus, acute Hematologic:
once daily P.O. Pyrazinoic acid can drug-resistant intermittent Sideroblastic Physical:
leak out under TB as part of porphyria, anemia, Skin color, lesions, joint
acidic conditions to an pregnancy thrombocytopenia, status, TB, liver
be converted to individualized adverse effects on evaluation, LFTs, serum
the protonated regimen clotting mechanism and urine uric acid levels,
conjugate acid, or vascular blood and urine glucose,
which is readily integrity CBC
diffused back into
the bacilli and Other: Active gout DURING:
accumulate
intracellularly. 1. Follow the six rights
of medication
administration
2. Administer only in
conjunction with
other
antituberculotics.
Administer once a
day.
3. Discontinue drug if
liver damage or
hyperuricemia in
conjunction with
acute gouty arthritis
occurs.

AFTER:

1. Take drugs once a

day, it will need to be
 taken with other
tuberculosis drugs.
2. Take drugs regularly,
avoid missing doses.
3. Do not discontinue
drug without first
consulting healthcare
provider.
4. Have regular, periodic
medical check-ups,
including blood test
to evaluate drug
effects.

DRU MECHANIS INDICAT CONTRAINDICATION ADVERS NURS

DRUG G CLASSIFICATION M OF ACTION IONS S E REACTIONS ING RESPONSIBILITIES
NAME
Generic Name: Binds to negatively  To treat  Hypersensitivity to CNS: Clumsiness, BEFORE:
Streptomycin Aminoglycoside charged sites on gram- streptomycin, dizziness,
the bacteria’s outer negative other neurotoxicity, 1. Assess for possible
Trade Name: cell membrane, bacillary aminoglycosides, paresthesia, allergies and
Ambistryn-S, disrupting cell bacteremia, or their peripheral contraindications.
Streptomac, integrity. meningeal components neuropathy,
Alendrate Streptomycin also infections, seizures, 2. Inform the client the
binds to bacterial pneumonia, unsteadiness, significance of the
Actual Dosage: ribosomal subunits systemic vertigo drug and its adverse
and inhibits protein infections, effects.
Adults: synthesis. Both and UTI EENT: Hearing loss,
15 mg/kg daily actions lead to  As adjunct to sensation of DURING:
I.M. bacterial cell death. treat active fullness in ears,
tuberculosis tinnitus, vision loss 1. Follow the six rights
Maximum: 1 g  As adjunct to of medication
daily. treat GI: Anorexia, administration
endocarditis nausea, thirst,
Alternatively; caused by vomiting AFTER:
25 to 30 mg/kg Streptococcus
I.M. twice weekly. viridans or E. GU: Decreased or 1. Use in route only:
faecal increased urine give by deep IM
Maximum: 1.5 g  To treat output, injection.
daily. tularemia nephrotoxicity 2. Ensure adequate
caused by hydration of patient
Francisella MS: Muscle before and during the
tularensis twitching therapy.
 As adjunct to SKIN: Erythema, 3. Monitor for hearing
treat pruritus, rash, changes.
brucellosis urticaria 4. This drug can only be
caused by given by injection.
Brucella 5. Report hearing
melitensis changes, dizziness,
 Treat plague pain at injection site,
caused by rash.
Yersinia
pestis
DRUG STUDY
5 DRUGS OF CHOICE FOR TUBERCULOSIS