STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF CELL MEMBRANE

Model of Cell Membrane’s Development

Molecules in Membrane

Membrane’s Dynamics

Functions of Cell Membrane transport

 What is Cell Membrane ?

Cell Membrane is a structure that

maintain cell structure and its
components and become barrier
between inside and outside of the cell
Development Model of
Cell Membrane
LANGMUIR TROUGH
 OVErtON (1890)
• Overton studied about the outer boundary
layer of a cell at 1890.
• He
In knew
general,
that cell is supported
nonpolar by a tiny
solute dissolved in
nonpolar
structure, solvent much readily
consisting of many thannonpolar
in polar
solvent, and that polat
lipid molecules. Forsolute had time,
the first an opposite
this
solubility.
research noted that cell surface may
• He
besuggested
covered by thata the outer
lipid layer of a cell
layer
contain from lechitin and cholesterol.
gortel & grendel ‘s Model:
Lipid bilayer (1925)
danielli &davson ‘s
Model
robertson’s Model
singer & nicolson’s Model :
‘fluid Mozaic Model’
Molecules in Membrane
Molecules in Cell
Membrane
Phospholipid
Phospholipid

It can be :
 Fosfogliserida
 Sfingolipid
Fosfogliserida

The kinds of
alkohol which can
be head of
phospholipid are
cholin,
ethanolamine,
inositol, serine or
treonin.
Fosfogliserida
 Sfingomielin

SFINGOSIN PHOSPHATE CHOLIN

Amida

FATTY ACID
Cholesterol
 Function Of Lipid Membrane

Cholesterol
At high temperatures,
Phospholipid
making the outer part
as barriers between
of the membrane less
two aqueous
fluid and reducing its
compartments
permeability to small
(outer & inner
molecules. At low
membrane)
temperaturre have
opposite effect.
 Protein

There are 3 kind of

Ada 3 kelompok protein : protein in
1. Integral amfipatik membrane :
2. perifer berikatan dengan permukaan membran
1. Integral Proteins
dengan ikatan nonkovalen 2. Peripheral
3. protein yang berikatan dengan lipid, yang
Proteins
berlokasi di luar membran lipid,
3. pada
Lipid-Anchored
ekstraselular atau sitoplasmik. Proteins
 Integral Protein

 Pass entirely through

lipid bilayer
 Protrude both inner &
outer membrane
 Bounding with
membrane lipid by
hydrocarbon-bound
Pheriferal Protein

 Globular proteins
 Bonding with
integral protein by
non kovalen
bounding
Anchored Protein

 Globular proteins
 The anchorand its
protein is placed in
outer or inner
membrane
T
Y
P
E

A
N
C
H
O
R
E
D

P
R
O
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E
I
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Function of Membrane Protein
 Carbohydrate

Glycolipid Glycoprotein
Glycolipid
Glycoprotein
 Carbohydrate that can bound protein or lipid

• Glucose
• Galactose
• Mannose
• Fucose
• N-asetylglucosamine
• Sialic acid
Membrane’s Dynamics
Asymetric Membrane
• Asymmetric distribution of
phospholipids between the
inner and outer monolayers
of the erythrocyte plasma
membrane.
• The asymmetrical distribution of phospholipids and glycolipids in the
lipid bilayer of human red blood cells.
• Glycolipids are drawn with hexagonal polar head groups (blue).
• Cholesterol is thought to be distributed about equally in both
monolayers.
Membrane Phase Transitions
Flip-Flop
Uncatalized Transverse Diffusion
• Movement from
one leaflet to the
other is very slow
Transverse Diffusion Catalyzed by
Flippase
• Catalyzed by a
flippase; in
contrast, lateral
diffusion within
the leaflet
Uncatalyzed Lateral Diffusion
• Is very rapid
and requires
no protein
catalysis.
Function of Membrane
 Cell Membrane Function

1. Scaffold for biochemical

activities
2. Providing a selectively
permeable barrier
3. Transporting Solute
4. Responding to external signals
5. Intercellular interaction
6. Energy transduction
The Function of the Membrane in
Transport

To keep the equilibrium

concentrations of
molecules and ions inside
cell
TRANSPORTATION ON
MEMBRANE

SMALL
MOLECULES

BIG MOLECULES
Small Molecules PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Simple Difussion
Fasilitated Difussion
 Osmosis

Movement of water

High water Lower concentration

concentration of water
 ACTIVE
TRANSPORT
 Big Molecules

Endocytosis
EKSOSITOSIS