1.What is the term for fish species that possess both ovaries and testes?

Answer: Hermaphroditic

2.Which family of fish species is primarily known for protogynous hermaphroditism?

Answer: Labridae

3.In protogynous hermaphroditism, which sex changes to the other as they grow?

Answer: Females change to males

4.What triggers sex change in some fish species, according to the information provided?

Answer: Environmental factors

5.In true hermaphrodite fishes, what happens within the gonads?

Answer: Eggs and sperms develop in the same gonad.

6.What triggers spermiogenesis in fish?

Answer: Hormonal fluctuations

7.What is the primary function of Leydig cells in the testes?

Answer: Synthesizing male hormones

8.What type of testis structure is found in some teleosts, where lobules project individually from the
sperm duct?

Answer: Tubular type

9.In viviparous fishes, what do the oviducts develop into?

Answer: Uteri

10.What is the outermost layer of the ovarian wall called?

Answer: Germinal epithelium

11.Which cells in the ovary eventually develop into ova?

Answer: Oogonia

12.What process is responsible for the development of oocytes in the ovary?

Answer: Oogenesis

13.What is the process of transforming spermatids into mature sperm called?

Answer: Spermiogenesis

14.In which type of testis, spermatogonia are restricted to the distal end of the tubule?

Answer: Tubular type

15.What happens to cysts containing spermatogonial cells as maturation proceeds?

Answer: They enlarge and rupture.

16.What type of cell division produces secondary spermatocytes?

Answer: Meiosis

17.What is the function of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?

Answer: Transporting sperm

18.Which family of fish is NOT mentioned as a common group exhibiting hermaphroditism?

Answer: Poeciliidae
19.What is the role of the mesorchium in the male fish's reproductive anatomy?

Answer: Attaching testes to the body wall

20.In which fish family is the tubular type of testis found?

Answer: Atheriniformes

21.What is the primary factor that triggers sex change in some fish species?

Answer: Hormonal changes

22.Which part of the female reproductive system gives rise to the uteri in viviparous fishes?

Answer: Oviduct

23.What is the term for fish species that change sex after spawning?

Answer: Protandrous

24.What is the term for fish species that have separate ovaries and testes in two different individuals?

Answer: Gonochoristic

25.What is the physiological basis for sex reversal in different groups of fishes?

Answer: Different physiological changes

26.What is the primary role of the mesovarium in the female fish reproductive system?

Answer: Suspending the ovaries from the body wall

27.What triggers the ripening of testes in most fish species?

Answer: Hormonal changes

28.In which family of fish is protandry, the change from male to female, known to occur?

Answer: Polynemids

29.What factor has been suggested to trigger sex change when there is a great disproportion in the
number of males and females?

Answer: Sex-ratio threshold

30.What is the process of eggs being set free and passing into the oviduct through the ovarian funnel
called?

Answer:Oviposition