C5 – Reactions Of Acids

Metal oxides and metal hydroxides dissolve in water. These soluble compounds
are called alkalis. Bases wont dissolve in water

Any extra notes go here: Any extra notes go here:

Acid + Metal Oxide -> Salt + Water
Acid + Metal Hydroxide -> Salt + Water
Salt produces depends on the acid used,
E.g. Hydrochloric acid + copper oxide -> copper
chloride + water.
Acid + Metal Carbonate -> Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
Metal Carbonates are also bases. They react acids to produce a salt, water,
and carbon dioxide.
You can make soluble salts using an insoluble base.

About The Figure

Acids take part in reactions in which salts are
produced. In these reactions, the
hydrogen ions in the acids are replaced by
metal ions.

Extra Notes
1)Use the pipette and pipette filler to add a measured volume of sodium
hydroxide solution to a clean conical flask. 2)Add a few drops of indicator
and put the conical flask on a white tile. 3)Fill the burette with
hydrochloric acid and note the starting volume. 4)Slowly add the acid from
the burette to the alkali in the conical flask, swirling to mix. 5)Stop adding
the acid when the endpoint is reached (when the indicator first permanently
changes colour). Note the final volume reading. 6)Repeat steps 1 to 5
until concordant titres are obtained. More accurate results are obtained if
acid is added drop by drop near to the endpoint.

Key Points Key Words

- A salt is a compound formed when the hydrogen in an acid is wholly or - Titration
partially replaced by metal or ammonium ions. - Acid
- Salts can be made by reacting a suitable metal with an acid. The metal - Alkali
must be above hydrogen in the reactivity series, but not dangerously - Metals
reactive. - Salt
- The reaction between a metal and an acid produces hydrogen gas as well - Water
as a salt. A sample of the salt made can then be crystallised out of - Carbon
solution by evaporating off the water. Dioxide
- 4 The reaction between a metal and an acid is an example of a redox
reaction. The metal atoms lose electrons and are oxidised, and hydrogen
ions from the acid gain electrons and are reduced.