Joint Classification

Week

Date

Difficulty

Exam Date

Files

Notes

Notes 1

Reviewed For Exam

Functional Class Structural Class Joint Description Example

movement on the
Ginglymus
diarthrosis Synovial saggital plane (flex, Fetlock, Elbow
(hinge)
extend)
gliding movement
Carpal bones,
diarthrosis Synovial Plane between flat,
vertebrae
opposed surfaces

rotation around one

diarthrosis Synovial Trochoid (pivot) atlanto-axial (C2)
axis -ototoid

head fitting into

Spheroid (ball
diarthrosis Synovial socket, universal Shoulder and Hip
and socket)
movement
convex condyles
articulates with temporomandible
diarthrosis Synovial Condylar concave surface, joint, femorotibial
flex and extension joint
(little rotation)

biaxial joint fitting

Ellipsoid Atlanto-occipital
diarthrosis Synovial into concavity of
(ginglymus) joint
another bone

synarthosis Fibrous suture interlocking seams cranial bones

Joint Classification 1
 Functional Class Structural Class Joint Description Example

between teeth
synarthosis Fibrous gomphosis peg-and-socket
and sockets

between
hyaline cartilage diaphysis and
synarthosis cartilaginous synchondrosis
joint epiphysis in long
bone

ligamentous joint by joint of tibia and

amiphiarthosis fibrous syndesmosis
fibrous tissue fibula

intervertebral
fibrocartilage is a
amiphiarthosis cartilaginous symphysis discs, pubic
cushion
symphysis

Joint structure
Overall name Joint name Articulation Movement
class

Universal
scapula (glemoid (flexion,
Scapulohumeral
Shoulder cavity) and extension,
(glenohumeral) joint
humerus head rotation,
circumduction)

cubital (humeroradial) flexion,

Elbow
joint extension
radius and ulna
antebrachiocarpal
Carpal with proximal More
joint
carpal bone

two rows of
Carpal middle carpal joint
carpals

distal row carpals

Carpal carpometacarpal joint Less
and metacarpals

metacarpophalangeal, Between
Proximal metacarpals and flexion,
Digits (fore)
interphalangeal, distal P1, P1 and P2, P2 extension
interphalangeal and P3

consists of
between wings of
Pelvis sacroiliac immobile cartilaginous
sacrum and ilium
and synovial

Joint Classification 2
 Joint structure
Overall name Joint name Articulation Movement
class

between pubic fused by

symphysis and cartilage when
Pelvis Pevlic symphasis Immobile
ischiatic young, then
symphysis bone as adult

acetabulum of hip
Hip coxofemoral Universal
and femur fovea

Genual (knee), flexion,

Stifle femur and tibia
femorotibial extension

restricted
Stifle femoropatellar femur and patella
movement

tibia and tarsal

Tarsal Hock (tibiotarsal)
(talus)

proximal tarsal
proximal intertarsal (calcaneus and
Tarsal
joint talus) and central
row of tarsals

between central
Tarsal distal intertarsal tarsal and distal
tarsal

between distal row

Tarsal tarsometetarsal of tarsals and
metatarsal

metatarsophalangeal, between
proximal metatarsal and P1,
Digits (hind)
interphalangeal, distal P1 and P2, P2 and
interphalangeal P3

between
mandibular fossae
Meniscus Temporomadibular of temporal bone
condylar
(menisci) joint and condyloid
process of
mandible

between femur provides

Meniscus stifle joint
and tibia cushion

Joint Classification 3
 Joint structure
Overall name Joint name Articulation Movement
class

frontal-parital,
maxilloincisive,
skull sutures suture
zygomaticomaxilla,
temporalzygomatic

cushion with
anulus fibrous
intervertebral intervertebral disc between vertebrae fibrous
and necleus
pulposus

between c1 and
Vertebrae/skull atlanto-occiptal Yes joint ellipsoid
occipital bone
vertebrae atlanto-axial between c1 and c2 No joint pivot/trochoid

Injection landmarks

Site for injection Landmark Landmark Landmark Placement of needle

distal to patella and

Synovial capsule Patellar Tendon Patella tibial crest medial or lateral to
patella tendon

greater in between hip and

Hip - lateral
trochanter femur space

Acromion below the acromion

Scapula - lateral scapular spine humerus
process process
below epicondyle
medial
Medial - R, elbow Tendon of tricep between ulna and
epicondyle
humerus
Medial collateral between tarsal bones
Media - R, Hock calcaneus lateral malleolus
ligament and tibia

extend/flex to find
Carpus
space

flex to find end of

Digit
structure

Joint Classification 4