Professional Documents
Culture Documents
U 4 Ohnotes 18 F 2005
U 4 Ohnotes 18 F 2005
The Elements
Li Na
1+ 1– 2–
2+
H + –
As we go ,
He + + – – more coulombic
attraction, no new
energy level,
more pull,
smaller size
shielding effect: kernel e– “shield” valence e–
from attractive force of the nucleus
v.e– v.e–
Li K
TOUGHER
EASIER
TO REMOVE
TO REMOVE
Ca Ca2+ Cl Cl1–
As we go , electronegativity decreases
As we go , “ increases