Jemarie C.

Lagado N323 – Monday, 2:00-4:00

Mathematics in the Modern World

Lesson 2.3
Learning Tasks/Activities & Assessment

Learning Tasks/Activities

1. Read any civil/criminal case in the Philippines and evaluate how it was decided by the court.
Cite how the lawyers of both parties presented their arguments and reasoning. Justify your
answer. (BONUS)

2. Verify the each of the following statements is a false statement by finding a counterexample
for each. For all real numbers n:

a. n2 > n
n
b. =1
n

Counterexamples:

a. The statement n2 > n is false when n=0, n=1, and n=any positive decimal number.

Examples:
When n=0, the statement n2 > n is false (02 > 0)
When n=1, the statement n2 > n is false 12 > 1
When n is positive decimal number, the statement n2 > n is false (0.52 > 0.5)

n
b. The statement =1is false when n=0, any number that has a numerous 0 is 0, and
n
any number divided by 0 is undefined. Also, 0 divided by 0 is rather undefined and not
equal to one.
Assessment
Solve each problem neatly and systematically.

Problems:

1. Use deductive reasoning to show that the following procedures produce a number that is one
less than twice the original number.

Procedure: Pick a number. Multiply the number by 4, add 8 to the product, divide the sum by 2,
and subtract 5.

Solution:
Let 10 be the original number
Multiply the number by 4: 4(10)
Add 8 to the product: 4(10) + 8
Divide the result by 2: 4(10) + 8/2 = 2(5) + 4
Subtract 5: 2(5) + 4 – 5 = 2(5) + 4 – 5

= 2(5) – 1

Let n be the original number

Multiply the number by 4: 4n
Add 8 to the product: 4n + 8
Divide the result by 2: 4n + 8/2 = 2n + 4
Subtract 5: 2n + 4 – 5 = 2n – 1

Therefore, the answer above shows that the solution started with n and ended with 2n – 1. This
means that the procedure given in this example produces a number that is one less than twice the
original number.

2. Use inductive reasoning to predict the next number in each of the lists.

a. -2, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10

Solution:
-2 + 2 = 0
0+2=2
2+2=4
4+2=6
6+2=8
8 + 2 = 10

b. 1, 2, 5, 10, 17, 26
 Solution:
1+1=2
2+3=5
5 + 5 = 10
10 + 7 = 17
17 + 9 = 26

c. 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, 37

Solution:
26 + 11 = 37
The given numbers is related/corresponds to letter b (previous letter), that results
to 37 as it is added with 11.

3. Verify that the statement is incorrect by giving a counterexample.

a. |x| > 5

Answer: 3 > 5