GRAMMAR

Grammar is a system of rules and regulations used in language to form correct and effective sentences.

Grammar Formulas in English

a. Subject + Verb + Object (SVO).

b. Subject + Verb + Adverb + Object (SVOA) .

c. Subject + Verb + Adjective (SVA).

d. Subject + Verb to be + Adjective (SVA) .

e. Subject + Verb to be + Complement.

f. Subject + Modal verb + Base verb(using modal verbs such as "can", "could", "should", etc.)

g.Infinitive Phrase - infinitive (the base form of the verb) to describe the purpose or intent of the action.

h. Gerund Phrase - uses gerunds (the -ing form of verbs) to describe actions that take place.

Part of speech is the basic parts of a sentence in grammar. There are 8 commonly used grammars in English,
namely:

a. Verb

Verbs are used to show events or activities that occur in a sentence.

Examples of verbs: hope, ride, sing, eat, cook, write, erase, bring, remove, sleep, drink, play, ride, clean, fall,
catch and others.

b. Adverb

An adverb is a word used to explain a verb, adjective, or adverb. Adverbs give information about how, where,
when, and how an event or situation happened.

Examples of adverbs: between, above, behind, through, then, more, around, yesterday, the day before, only,
very, even, back and others.

c. Adjective

An adjective is a word used to describe a noun or pronoun.

Examples of adjectives: wonderful, quick, spicy, salty, ugly, small, helpful, beautiful, great, happy, dumb,
clever, stupid, black, blue, white, and others.

d. Noun

A noun is a word used to refer to people, places, things, events, thoughts, ideas, and so on. Nouns can be
seen by the naked eye or not, and they can also be counted or not.
Examples of nouns: paint, water, tile, dog, teacher, baby, table, bottle, water, remote, bathroom, bike,
cupboard, mouse, computer, etc.

e.. Preposition

Prepositions are used to show direction, location, or time.

Examples of prepositions: in, of, on, to, across, after, against, along, among, on top of, onto, and others.

f. Conjunction

Conjunction is a word used to connect words, phrases, and sentences.

Examples of conjunctions: because, before, how, although, as, that, though, till, until, and others.

g. Pronoun

Pronouns are used to replace or refer to nouns.

Examples of pronouns: I, he, him, you, we, him, her, yours, theirs, someone, everyone, etc.

h. Interjection

Interjections are used to show one's attitude or reaction to a situation.

Examples of interjections: ah, hurray, yuck, meh, mhm, wow!, oh!, oops!, omg, yeah, whoops, yikes, and
others.

i.Exclamination

is a word used to express strong and expressive feelings.

Examples:“Wow!”, “Great!”, “Awesome!”.

Sentence Structure

Sentence Structure is a part of grammar that explains how sentences in English are formed and organized.
There are several important elements in sentence structure, including:

1.Subject:For example, in the sentence "The cat chased the mouse." The subject is "cat

2.Predicate:For example The cat chased mouse." The Predicate is "chased the mouse"

3.Direct Object: Example "The cat chased mouse." Direct object is "mouse."

4.Indirect Object: Example "She gave the book to her friend." Indirect object-nya is"her friend."

5.Complement: Example "The sky was blue.' Complement nya is "blue."

 Sentence Types in English Grammar

1. Affirmative Sentence: Example "She is beautiful."

2.Negative Sentence: Example "She is not beautiful."

3.Interrogative Sentence: Example "Is she beautiful?"

4.Imperative Sentence: Example "Close the door."

5.Exclusive Sentence: Example" Is the sky blue or green?"

6.Alternative Sentence: Example "Do you like tea or coffee?"

7.Declarative Sentence: Example "The sky is blue."