________________________________________________________________________

A Retrospective Review of the Variables

which Lead to Evasion of the School Feeding Program

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title ……………………………………………………… 1

Chapter I: The Problem …………………………………. 3

Introduction………………………………………. 3

Objectives ………………………………………... 5

Significance of the Study ………………………… 6

Scope, Delimitation and Limitation ……………… 6

Chapter II: Review of Related Literature ……………….. 8

Chapter III: Methodology………….……….…………… 12

Chapter IV: Results……………………………………… 15

Chapter V: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation. 23

References / Bibliographies …………………………….. 28

Appendixes: …………………………………………….. 31

Request Letter …………………………………… 32

Certificate of Validation…………………………. 33

Questionnaire …………………………………… 34

CHAPTER I
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THE PROBLEM

Introduction

Malnutrition is a case in which a deficiency or excess of energy or

imbalance causes a measurable adverse effect on the body or tissues in the body. It is

often due to not enough high-quality food being available to eat. This includes under-

nutrition or under-nourishment and over-nutrition. Brazier (2010) referred malnutrition

as, when a person’s does not provide enough nutrients on the right balance of nutrients

for optimal health. The different causes of malnutrition include inappropriate dietary

choices, obtaining food and different health conditions.

Furthermore, according to Streit et. al. (2018), malnutrition refers to getting too

little or too much of certain nutrients. It can lead to serious health issues including stunted

growth, eye problem, diabetes and heart diseases. Malnutrition affects billions of people

worldwide. Some populations have a high chance of developing certain types of

malnutrition depending on the environment, lifestyle and resources.

The malnutrition includes obesity, however, British Association for Parental and

Enteral Nutrition (BAPEN) has focused on the main problem “under-nutrition. Under-

nutrition is a type of malnutrition that occurs when the body does not get enough food

nutrients that can lead to delayed growth and low weight. Undernutrition denotes

insufficient intake of energy and nutrients to meet an individual's needs to maintain good

health. In most literature, undernutrition has used synonymously with malnutrition. To

overcome this, terms such as protein energy malnutrition, specific micronutrient

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deficiencies as well as other descriptive names such as kwashiorkor and marasmus had

used. However, since protein energy malnutrition does not exist in isolation of specific

micronutrient deficiencies, neutral terms such as undernutrition are encouraged because

they encompass both protein energy undernutrition as well as micronutrient deficiencies.

(Malawi, 2006)

Undernutrition contributes to about 8 million children death worldwide. It is still a

major public health problem in the developing countries, especially in the Sub-Saharan

Africa. Schools are uniquely positioned to promote healthy eating behaviors and attitudes

among children; however, school-age children are not commonly included in health and

nutrition surveys and an up-to-date overview of their nutritional status is not

available. (Zenebe et. al., 2018)

As an answer, the School Feeding Program has implemented. According to the

Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nation (FAO), School Feeding Program

(SFP) is a tool which enables children worldwide to attend school. In developed countries

such as the USA, Japan, and the UK, millions of children benefit from SFPs that have

been in place for years. SFP provides benefits for disadvantaged children measured by

indicators of physical growth and cognitive abilities. In addition to reducing

undernutrition, school feeding may also improve school enrollment, dropout and

attendance. School feeding program provide both educational and health benefits to the

most vulnerable children, thereby increasing enrollment rate and improving food security.

(Gebremedhid et. al., 2018)

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This paper discussed the reasons why underweight students deflect from the

program. It also covered the factors that influence the students to avoid the feeding

program and the disadvantages of avoiding it. The researchers chose this topic because

this issue has not given enough attention by the public. They also desire to promote the

health of students in Laiya National High School to improve their performance in

learning and studying.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

This study aimed to determine the reasons why undernourished students evade

feeding program.

Specifically, it answered the following questions:

1. What are the factors that influence the students to avoid feeding program?

2. What are the benefits that the students can get from school-based feeding

program?

3. How does school-based feeding program affect the undernourished students?

4. What types of food has served in feeding section/room?

5. What are the disadvantages of avoiding the school feeding program?

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

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This study focuses on the reasons behind student’s evasion of the school’s feeding

program and how does it affect their nutritional status.

This study is beneficial to the following:

Students. The students will be aware of adverse side effects of refraining to take part of

school feeding program and be able to assess themselves to how their academic

performance and behavior will be affected.

Teacher. Teachers will benefit from this study because they would be able to keep track

and assess the students’ profile, behavior and academic performances especially those

who evade the feeding program.

Parents. The parents will be able to know their children’s health condition and will be

able to coordinate with the teachers to improve the children’s food consumption.

Future Researchers. This study will provide baseline data needed for future researchers

and broadening their interpretation of the evasion of the students to school feeding

program.

SCOPE, DELIMITATION AND LIMITATION

This study covers the factors that cause the evasion of undernourished students to

Laiya National High School’s School Feeding Program. The target of this research is
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students who are undernourished who do not want to undergo the school feeding

program.

In addition, these students had considered appropriate as groups of the study

because they are responsible for accepting and taking the food from the school. The

respondents are given survey validated questionnaire about the effects of the feeding

program and the disadvantages of avoiding it. Other implemented programs and staffs

had excluded from this study.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Numerous countries today face the dual burden of rising rates of female obesity

with continuing high rates of maternal underweight. The latter matters because of ill

effects on the mother and the unborn child. Roughly, 30% of stunting by a child’s third

birthday could attributed to being born small for gestational age. Thus, actions are needed

in all countries, no country is exempt. Adequate nutrition and eradication of hunger

comes at piece but pays for itself in the longer term. The sustainable development goal is

to end hunger and all forms of malnutrition by 2030. (Webb et. al., 2018)

Malnutrition in all forms comprehends under-nutrition especially among young

children is a major problem in most developing countries which deficiency or excess or

imbalance of protein and other nutrients. School Feeding Program is a targeted safety net

program designed to provide educational and health benefits to vulnerable children. The

importance of the School Feeding Program is that it can help to get children into school

and through avoiding hunger and enhancing cognitive abilities. Children’s feeding

program has aimed to reduce child hunger and improve child nutrition. (Hasan, 2016)

Malnutrition is due to lack or over energy or nutrients in the human body. Under

of malnutrition is the under-nutrition. Undernutrition includes stunting, which means

your height is too short for your age and micronutrient deficiencies or insufficiencies,

which means you are lacking vitamins and your minerals your body badly needed.

(Dowdy, 2016)
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Lot of children are suffering from malnutrition here in the Philippines. The

research stated that Philippines has ranked among 100 countries with most chronic

malnutrition in the whole world. The major argumentation of the problem is poverty

which includes poorly distributed economic growth. People who live in extreme poverty

cannot afford to eat three times a day which supposedly the normal number of proper

mealtimes for everyone. To solve this problem, School Feeding program has

implemented. This program provides a nutritious meal to students to lessen the increasing

incidence of malnourishment. The school feeding program helps to address

undernutrition and short-term hunger among public school students. This aims to improve

the nutritional status of undernourished students. (Adb.org, 2009)

According to Bagilkar (2014), malnutrition has become an urgent global health

issue, with undernutrition killing millions of children each year. Malnutrition also

prevents millions of children or more from reaching their full intellectual and productive

potential. The result of his study showed that there is a strong positive correlation

between knowledge and attitude regarding malnutrition among parents of under-five

children (r=0.097) this implies if there is an increase in knowledge, the attitude also

increases.

In the Philippines, malnutrition remains a significant public health concern with a

staggering 3.4 million children who had stunted (short for their age) and more than

300,000 children under 5 years who are severely wasted. This continues to be a serious
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child health problem, with the Philippines being highly disaster-prone. This risk of

malnutrition increases in the aftermath of emergencies. (Caraga.doh., 2016)

The Department of Education (DepEd) and Health and Nutrition of the

Department of Education—Tarlac Province conducted a study on the School-Based

Feeding Program implementation. It has revealed that as to its content, the

implementation was outstanding while the duration and resources are very agreeable and

the financial allocation and facilities are acceptable.

The study conducted that after the 100 to 120 feeding days, there was a very high

acquirement to the School-Based Feeding Program goals particularly 78.29% of the

severely wasted and those who were categorized as “wasted” were rehabilitated to normal

nutritional status and attendance improved to at least 98.86%. Attainment of improving

the children’s health and nutrition values and behavior is also generally high.

Furthermore, the strategies used by the feeding program implementers are

generally very acceptable.

The study also unveiled that there were problems hassled in the implementation of

the School-Based Feeding Program namely: the delayed release of budget for feeding, the

inability of parents to attend regularly in the preparation of foods for School-Based

Feeding Program, addition work in buying commodities with receipts, dislike of pupil

beneficiary. (Academia.edu, 2014)

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Based on the studies presented by the Food and Nutrition Research Institute

(FNRI) at the recent National Nutrition Summit, almost one in every three Filipino

children aged 6-10 years old are underweight and under-height for their age. The

magnitude and severity of underweight school-age children were very high in the

provinces, particularly those in the Bicol region, Western Visayas region and

MIMAROPA (Oriental Mindoro, Occidental Mindoro, Marinduque, Romblon, Palawan).

The study reported that over 30% of children in the country are malnourished. One out of

three Filipino children aged 0-5 was also found to be under-height for their age.

Country’s leading infant and child nutrition companies strived to be a key contributor in

promoting the health and well-being of infants and young children, to help eradicate

malnutrition and reduced infant and child mortality in the Philippines. (Philippine Star,

2012)
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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the research design, methods of data analysis, validation of

the questionnaire, method of data collection and statistical treatment of data.

Research Design

The researcher used a survey method because it best served to answer the

questions and to know the respondent’s point of view.

The survey research is one of the most important areas of measurement in applied

social research. The broad area of survey research and compasses any measurement

produce procedures that involve asking questions of respondents (Trochim, 2020).

Research Instrument

The question was designed for the study of the validation process for face

validity. Face validity is a test of internal validity. A typical application of face validity

occurs when researchers obtained assessments from current or future individuals who

will be directly affected by programs premised on their research findings. (Salkind, 2010)

A copy of the researcher’s questionnaire is given to English teachers as a part of

validation process. These experts checked the research questions and questionnaire

carefully to ascertain appropriateness of the questions to the study. Researchers preferred

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the Likerts scale; Strongly Agree assigned 4 points; Agreee 3 points; Disagree 2 points

and; Strongly Disagree 1 point.

Having validated the questionnaires, a pilot testing was carried out on the study to

be able to understand the ambiguity of some items and had to modify it to the level of

questionnaire.

Data Collection Procedure

1. After the pilot testing and all necessary modifications, the questionnaires had

administered directly to the chosen samples study.

2. The researchers got respondents with the help of Mrs. Raymunda Villanueva who

provided them the list of 40 feeding participants. The remaining 10 participants

had gathered from the previous year. Ma’am Raymunda verified that the students

do avoid the feeding.

3. Fifty copies of the questionnaires that has given out were successfully answered

and returned.

4. The researchers offered a helping hand for retrieving back the questionnaire.

Data Analysis

The questions that has collected from the researcher had analyzed. Statistically,

Likert Scale has used in answering the research questions. Likert scale have the

advantage that they do not expect a simple yes/no answer from the respondent, but rather

allow for degrees of opinion, and even no opinion at all. Therefore, quantitative data has
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obtained, which means that the data can analyzed with relative case. (McLeod, 2019).

The response options in the questions are Likert as shown below:

Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly

4 3 2 Disagree

Which means there is Student accept Student who Student who

nothing that could the idea of the contradict and forcefully object

change the statement and does not accept and does not

undernourished have the same and; support the given

children about statement

Formula used: X= Ʃfx / N

where:

X = weighted mean

Ʃ = sum

F = frequency

x= range

N = total number of respondents

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CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULT

This chapter presents the analysis and interpretation of data gathered from the

students of Laiya National High School in determining the factors that caused the

students’ evasion from the school feeding program.

School Feeding Program is a program wherein undernourished students had fed to

help balance the nutrition they need. This study used a descriptive method and used 50

respondents from Grade 7 to Grade 10 students at Laiya National High School.

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Table 1. Factors that Discourage Students from Attending the

School Feeding Program

Weighted Mean Verbal Interpretation Rank

1. The food is fresh 2.82 Agree 4
2. The food tastes good 2.98 Agree 2
3. The food looks appealing 2.72 Agree 9
4. The food is properly cooked 2.82 Agree 4
5. The quality of food is good 3.08 Agree 1
6. The staff members are 2.84 Agree 3
considerate
7. I get enough food to fill me 2.80 Agree 7
up
8. I can buy other food items if 2.40 Disagree 11
I do not want the meal
9. I have enough time to eat 2.50 Agree 10
10. I am satisfied after I eat 2.76 Agree 8
11. There are enough seats in 2.02 Disagree 12
the dining area
12. Kitchen utensils are clean 2.82 Agree 4
Composite Mean 2.71 Agree

The students have acknowledged that the quality of the food is good as seen from

the results in item number 5, which had the highest weighted mean of 3.08. In fact,

students even admit that the food tastes good in item number 2 with a weighted mean of

2.92. They also recognize that staff members are considerate as proven in item number 6

with the weighted mean of 2.84. Students have complied in item number 1; the food is

fresh, which had a weighted mean of 2.82. Their food has cooked properly as what has

seen in the results of item number 4 with a weighted mean of 2.82. This means that the
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food is not an issue, therefore, it cannot be classified as a factor causing the evasion of

the feeding program. The utensils that had used in the feeding program were all clean and

hygienic as seen from the results of item number 12 with a weighted mean of 2.82. The

amount of food served is enough to fill up the participants as confirmed in item number 7

with a weighted mean of 2.80 and most students are actually satisfied with their meals as

affirmed from item number 10 with a weighted of 2.76. In terms of how the food

presented, most students have admitted that the food looks appealing in item number 3

with a weighted of 2.72.

According to (Webb et. al. 2018) Good nutrition and eradication of children’s

hunger comes at piece, but pays for itself in the long term. The sustainable development

goal is to end hunger and all forms of malnutrition in all forms by 2030.

Most of the respondents concur to all the questions except for item number 8;

being able to buy other food items if they do not want the meal which had a weighted

mean of 2.4 and item number 11; having enough seats in the dining area which had a

weighted mean of 2.02.

The students have sufficient time to eat as verified from the results of item

number 9 having a weighted mean of 2.50. In summary, the only notable factor that could

possibly cause the evasion of the school feeding program is the lack of seats in the dining

area. Other factors such as the food, staff or kitchen utensils are totally fine and are not

issues that are causing the problem.

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Table 2. Benefits of the School Feeding Program

Weighted Mean Verbal Interpretation Rank

1. It helps me save money 2.80 Agree 4
2. It allows me to eat healthy 3.20 Strongly Agree 1
3. It helps me become lively 2.36 Disagree 6
4. It improved my health 2.94 Agree 3
5. It motivates to become healthier 2.98 Agree 2
6. I am no longer a picky-eater 2.42 Disagree 5
Composite Mean 2.95 Agree

The program allows participants to eat healthy foods as it ranked first with the

highest weighted mean of 3.20. Furthermore, students also claimed that it motivates them

to become healthier as shown from the results of item number 5 with the second highest

weighted mean of 2.98. Most students even admit that the program has improved their

health proven by the results from item number 4 that has a weighted mean of 2.94.

Students acknowledged many benefits of the program. However, results on our

study show that the feeding program has no effect on their attitude towards studying as

seen in question number 15; it helps them become lively, with a weighted mean of 2.36.

It also has no effect on picky-eaters in question number 18 with a weighted mean of 2.42.

Lot of children are suffering from malnutrition here in the Philippines. Her

research stated that Philippines ranked among 100 countries with the most chronic

malnutrition in the whole world. The main reason of the problem is poverty which

includes the poor distribution of economic growth. People who live in extreme poverty
________________________________________________________________________
_

cannot afford to eat three times a day where supposedly the normal number of proper

meal time for everyone. (Adb.org, 2009)

That being said, students would benefit from the program because it helps them

save money as shown in item number 1 having a weighted mean of 2.80.

According to Hasan (2016), the school feeding program can help reduce child

hunger and improve child nutrition and cognitive abilities. The program helps to address

under-nutrition and other short-term hunger among public school students. This aims to

improve the nutritional status and behavior of the students.

This all means that the program is indeed a beneficial for the students in terms of

helping them become healthier.

Table 3. Effects of the Feeding Program to the Body

Weighted Mean Verbal Interpretation Rank

1.I became active in class 1.40 Strongly Disagree 5
2. I became physically healthy 2.50 Agree 4
3. I became mentally healthy 2.68 Agree 2
4. It helps me to gain weight 2.72 Agree 1
5. The food helps me to prevent illness 2.62 Agree 3
Composite Mean 2.38 Agree

In terms of effects to the body, data shows that feeding program successfully

improves physical health as concluded from item number 2 with the weighted mean of 2.

It improves mental health as seen in item number 3 with 2.68 as its weighted mean. It has
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improved the student’s weight gain proven by item number 4 with its weighted mean

being 2.72. Not only that, but the program also help them to prevent illness as seen from

the results in item number 5 with 2.62 as its weighted mean. Interestingly enough,

students strongly decline that they became more active in class after participating in the

school feeding program as shown in item number 1 with a weighted mean of 1.40. This

means that the school feeding program may not have any direct impact on the academic

performances of the students who participate in it, but it has tremendous benefits for their

health. Whether it be physical health, mental health, or weight gain, the program provide

many positive improvements with also the addition of helping them prevent illnesses

Table 4. Food Being Served in the School Feeding Program

Weighted Mean Verbal Interpretation Rank

1. Students are served with grow foods 2.72 Agree 5
2. Students are served with glow foods 2.86 Agree 1
3. Students are served with go foods 2.74 Agree 4
4. Foods that supply right nutrients are 2.66 Agree 6
being served
5. Junk foods are excluded from the 2.78 Agree 3
meals
6. Non-healthy meals are not served 2.50 Agree 7
7. The staff ensures that the foods are 2.82 Agree 2
healthy
Composite Mean 2.73 Agree

Regarding the food that are being served, respondents admit that grow foods are

being served seen from the results of item number 1which has weighted mean of 2.72.
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Essential glow foods are surely served as shown from the results of item number 2 which

has the highest weighted mean of 2.86. Go foods are served proven by item number 3

with a weighted mean of 2.74. Junk foods are excluded from meals proven by the results

from item number 5 with its weighted mean 2.78.

According to the Junk Food Ban Act 2013, The World Health Organization

(“WHO”) has promoted the ban on junk foods in schools and playgrounds to promote

healthier diets for children. The banning of junk food in or near schools would deter the

rising incidence of child obesity, and oral, cardiovascular and other health problems.

Healthy eating plays an important role in learning and cognitive development. Similarly,

other non-healthy foods are not served according to the results of item number 6 with a

weighted mean of 2.5. The staff certainly ensures that the foods are healthy backed up by

the results from item number 7 with a second highest weighted mean of 2.82.

Table 5. Disadvantages of Avoiding School Feeding Program

Weighted Verbal Rank

Mean Interpretation
1. I do not have enough energy to 2.28 Disagree 2
participate in class
2. I easily get tired 2.18 Disagree 3
3. I became more undernourished 2.34 Disagree 1
4, I am more prone to diseases 2.06 Disagree 5
5. Lack of nutrients 2.10 Disagree 4
Composite Mean 2.19 Disagree
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Respondents concurred that the feeding program had many advantages and no

disadvantages. Students believe that they will not lose energy in a class by evading the

feeding program proven by item number 1 with a weighted mean of 2.28. Students also

believe that they do not get tired easily seen from item number 2 that has a weighted

mean of 2.18. Number should the students’ idea that they would not become more

undernourished as backed up by and has a weighted mean of 2.34. Neither are they more

prone to diseases as proven from item number 4 with a weighted mean of 2.06.

Finally, according to (Dowdy, 2016) under-nutrition is due to the lack of protein,

vitamins, minerals and nutrients that your body badly needed. However, students do not

lack nutrients by attending the school feeding program as seen from the results of item

number 5 with a weighted mean of 2.10.

To summarize, the respondents believe that the feeding program has only a

couple of disadvantages from the questionnaire. The survey shows that the feeding

program has very few disadvantages for students at all.

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CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions and the

recommendation.

Summary of Findings

This study has taken with the general objective of determining the factors

affecting the malnourished children to evade the school feeding program. With the help

of these, the researchers identified the major logic of why students dodge this program.

The researchers provided a questionnaire with the help of their Statement of the

problem. The result for these were presented below:

1. What are the factors that influence the students to avoid the feeding program?

There are several factors why the students evade the feeding program. One

of them is the freshness of the foods that being served. Another factor which

common to everyone is the taste of the food. Mouthwatering food heightened the

students’ appetite. Garnishing, on the other hand, adds appeal to the foods that

being served. Students as well are interested in the manner of the foods were

cooked.

Based on the results of the research, lot of students actually think that the

quality of food at Laiya National High School is good and that it actually tastes
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good for the students. The foods that being served are freshly cooked and

garnished properly to look appealing to the students. The staff members are

considerate and the students get enough food to fill them up. They have enough

time to eat and the kitchen utensils used are properly clean. However, there have

been a lack of seats in the dining area forcing some students to stand while eating

and possibly discourage others to attend the program.

2. What are the benefits that the students can get from the school feeding program?

When it comes to the benefits, the program can significantly help

participants save money by providing them their lunch free instead of them

buying it from the canteen. Not only that, the program allows its participants to

eat healthy foods that provide their body with the nutrients that they need. It also

improves their health and slowly helps them to get out of malnourishment.

Because of this, students have been motivated to become healthier. Despite all

this, the respondents contradicted that the said program helped them to become

lively and has changed them from being a picky-eater.

3. How does school feeding program affect them?

The respondents oppose that the program has helped them to become

active in class but at the same time, the program has positive effects on their

physical and mental health. It also helps them improve their weight and even

allows them to prevent illnesses.

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_

4. What type of foods served in the school feeding program?

There are various types of meals that were served in the feeding program.

Most of the students comply that the canteen staff serve different kinds of healthy

foods such as go, grow, and glow foods. Only the foods that supplies the right

nutrients are being served, not only that, junk foods are excluded as well as other

non-healthy meals. They also comply that with the help of the canteen staffs, the

food are ensure healthy.

5. What are the disadvantages of avoiding the School Feeding Program?

The respondents oppose that the program does not give them energy to

participate in class. They also contradicted that they easily get tired and became

more undernourished.

Neither are they more prone to diseases nor do they lack the proper nutrients

that their body needs.

Conclusion

Factors that affect the evasion of the school feeding program are the quality of

foods that are being served, the amount of food that is served, facilities and utensils, and

the nutritional values that it provides. The feeding program has positive benefits to their

health but they do not agree that it makes them more energetic and stops them from

becoming a picky eater. The program also supplies the right type of foods that gives the
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_

nutrients needed by the body especially by undernourished students. The respondents

believed that evading the school based feeding program has no negative effect on them.

Generally, the school feeding program has many positive benefits, mostly in

terms of health and weight gain. On the other hand, the participants believe there is no

harm or negative effects on not attending in the said program. A huge variable that lead

students to evade the program is that students does not realize the importance of the

school feeding program, they are not educated in the nutritional benefits it provides. The

lack of seats have also been a catalyst, it discouraged students from attending the

program because most students are forced to stand while eating their meals which was

not a pleasant experience.

Recommendations

In order to build a comprehensive and sustainable school nutrition program that

addresses all forms of malnutrition:

1. Students should learn how to cooperate with the school feeding programs. They

should be aware that this program is a privilege given to them and not just a right.

They should also learn how to value their health by eating healthy foods.

2. The school should invest more resources and money to fill the shortcomings of

the feeding program, it will help encourage undernourished students to attend the
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program. Enough equipment and utensils for the undernourished children should

be provided.

3. Teachers should be a role model of healthy eating and lifestyle. Teachers can

promote the health of students by providing students with information on healthy

food choices and active living and create an environment that encourages being

active.

4. Parents should educate their children to eat healthy foods and motivate them to

become healthy so that the number of malnourished students will decrease.

5. For the future researchers, they can use this study as a reference for similar topics

and expand on the idea.

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“Malnutrition Affects School Performance” (2012) [Online] Available

https://www.philstar.com/lifestyle/health-and-family/2012/07/03/823707/.

Webb, Patrick. (2018) Hunger and Malnutrition in the 21st Century.

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Malawi, Med. (2006) Undernutrition.

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Gebremedhin, Samson et. al. (2018) Inclusion and Exclusion Errors in the Targeted
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Level
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273903306_A_descriptive_study_on_M
alnutrition

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https://www.unicef.org/publicpartnerships/files/NutritionTheCaseForSupport.pdf

Academia.edu (2014) Review of Related Literature

academia.edu/37632092/

McLeod, Saul (2019) Case Study Method

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https://www.simplypsychology.org/case-study.html

“Junk Food Ban Act of 2013” (2013) [Online] Available

https://www.senate.gov.ph/lis/bill_res.aspx?congress=16&q=SBN-269

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Philippines” (2016) [Online] Available
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APPENDIX
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APPENDIX A
Request Letter

APPENDIX B
Letter to Validator

APPENDIX C
Questionnaire
This questionnaire aims to collect information regarding the reasons why the
undernourished students evade the Feeding Program for the basis of this research, A
Retrospective Review of the Variables which Lead to Evasion of the School Feeding
Program.
Please let us know your spontaneous response to the questions. All information
provided by you will be kept confidential and will be used purely for academic purposes.

Kindly give your unbiased, frank and honest opinion.

PERSONAL DETAILS:
Name (Optional):______________________ Sex: [ ] M [ ]F
Grade & Section:_________________ Age: [ ] 12-14 [ ] 15-17 [ ] 18 and above

Strongly Disagree – if the statement is completely incorrect

Disagree – if the statement is not always correct
Agree - if the statement is mostly correct
Strongly Agree – if the statement is completely true
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I. Factors Strongly Disagree Agree Strongly

Disagree Agree
1. The food is fresh
2. The food tastes good
3. The food looks appealing
4. The food is properly cooked
5. The quality of the food is good
6. The staff members are considerate
7. I get enough food to fill me up
8. I can buy other food items if I don’t want the
meal
9. I have enough time to eat
10. I am satisfied after I eat
11. There are enough seats in the dining area
12. Kitchen utensils are clean
II. Benefits
13. It helps me save money
14. It allows me to eat healthy
15. It helps me become more lively
16. It improved my health
17. It motivates to become healthier
18. I am no longer a picky-eater
III. Effects
19. I. I became active in class
20. I became physically healthy
21. I became mentally healthy
22. It helps me to gain weight
23. The food helps me to prevent illness
IV. Foods Being Served
24. Students are served with grow foods
25. Students are served with glow foods
26. Students are served with go foods
27. Foods that supply right nutrients are being
served
28. Junk foods are excluded from the meals
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29. Non-healthy meals are not served

30. The staff ensures that the foods are healthy
V. Disadvantages
31. I don’t have enough energy to participate in
class
32. I easily get tired
33. I became more undernourished
34. I am more prone to diseases
35. Lack of nutrients