Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cementing
Cementing
Primary Cementation:
Rubber Plugs
Float Collar
Spacers and flushes are effective displacement aids because they
separate unlike fluids such as cement and drilling fluid.
They can also enhance the removal of gelled mud, allowing a
better cement bond.
Second to drilling fluid conditioning in importance is the need to use
pipe movement (rotation/reciprocation or both) during and after
cementing.
Stage Collar
Operations
Liner Cementation: -
A liner is a standard string of casing, which does not
extend all the way to surface, but is hung off inside
theprevious casing string.
7” Shoe (4000 M)
LINER EQUIPMENT
LINER CEMENTING
Post Job Consideration
Waiting on cement
Compressive strength
• Accelerators: -
Used to shorten the setting time of cement slurry.
e.g.: - Calcium chloride, Sodium chloride, Sodium silicate
• Retarders: -
Used to delay setting time of cement slurry.
e.g.: - carboxy methyl, hydroxy ethyl
cellulose,organic acids (Tartaric acid
and citric acid)
Secondary Cementation:
Any Cementing operation other than Primary
Cementing Operation (Casing/ Liner Cementation) is
referred to as “Secondary Cementation”
Types:
Plug Cementing
Squeeze Cementing
Plug Cementing: -
A cement plug of a specified length is placed acrossa selected
interval in an open or a cased hole. The cement is normally
pumped through open-ended drillpipe or tubing.
Zonal Isolation
Abandonment
Technique: Balance Plug Method
Reasons of Failure
I. Mud Contamination with slurry
II. Improper Displacement
III. Insufficient Slurry Volume
IV. Possible downward movement
Squeeze Cementing: -
The most common remedial method used. The slurry is forced by pressure
to a specifiedpoint in the annulus to cause a seal at the pointof squeeze.
Squeezing techniques
• BRADENHEAD. (Balance plug)
• PACKER SQUEEZE. (Retainer)
Classification by pressure
• LOW PRESSURE SQUEEZING.
• HIGH PRESSURE SQUEEZING.
Squeeze Techniques
Applications:
CASING SPLIT
Summary
• Cementing is one of the most important operation in drilling
& producing a well.
• Cement operation is a “one shot” process with no second
chance, unlike mud is run as a dynamic, continuously
changing process.
• The success of a cementing operation is affected by many
factors.
• Everything, therefore, needs to be done to ensure that the
first attempt is the very best possible job.