Completing Sentence

1. Too………. To
Incomplete sentence G adjective/ adverb Gi c~‡e© too _vK‡j D³ incomplete sentence Gi †k‡l
to + msMwZc~Y© verb + A_©en kã/ kãmgwó Øviv sentence wU‡K m¤ú~Y© Ki‡Z nq|
Structure: sub + verb + too + adj/ adv + to + GKwU msMwZc~Y© verb + …………
Example:
The boy is too weak ……….
Ans: The boy is too weak to work.
He is too dishonest ………….
Ans: He is too dishonest to speak the truth.

Note: Incomplete sentence Gi too + adjective/adverb Gi c‡i for + personal object (me, us, you,
them, him, her I †Kvb bvg) _vK‡j Zvi ci to + GKwU msMwZc~Y© verb + A_©en
kã/kãmgwó Øviv sentence wU‡K m¤ú~Y© Ki‡Z nq|

Example:
The load is too heavy for me……….
Ans: The load is too heavy for me to carry.
The problem was too hard for Nooha ……….
Ans: The problem was too hard for Nooah to solve.

2. So ……… that
Incomplete sentence wU‡Z So Gi c‡i adjective/ adverb _vK‡j Zvi c‡i that + Sub +
can/cannot/could not/could + GKwU msMwZc~Y© verb + A_©en kã/ kãmgwó Øviv sentence
wU‡K m¤ú~Y© Ki‡Z nq|

Example:
Shimul was so ill …………..
Ans: Shimul was so ill that he could not move an inch.
Salman is so good at English……………….
Ans: Salman is so good at English that he can speak in English with foreigners.

3. So that
1 To Keep …… In Touch –
Incomplete sentence Gi †k‡l so that _vK‡j Zvi ci cÖ_g subject + may/ can e‡m ev might/ could
+ A_©c~Y© verb +…………

Note: 1g Clause wU Present tense Gi n‡j may/ can e‡m| Avi Past tense Gi n‡j might/ could
e‡m|

Structure: sub + verb + ……..+ so that + 1g subject + may/ can/ might/ could + verb +……….

we:`ª: cÖ_g subject wU Noun n†j so that Gi c‡ii subject wU cÖ_g Noun wUi Pronoun n‡e|

Example:
Nooha reads more so that …….
Ans: Nooha reads more so that he can make a good result.
Salman took shower everyday so that………..
Ans: Salman took shower everyday so that he could keep his body fresh.

Note: So that Gi cwie‡Z© that _vK‡Z cv‡i Ges †m‡ÿ‡Î I GKB wbqg cÖ‡hvR¨| Z‡e wØZxq
Clause wU‡Z Negative A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Z n‡j wb‡Pi wbqgwU e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
cÖ_g Clause + so that +1g subject ev Ab¨ †h †Kvb subject + can not / may not/ could not/
might not + verb +………..

Example:
I closed the door of my room so that ……….
Ans: I closed the door of my room so that he might not enter the room.

1. In order that
So that Gi gZ In order that Gi A_© hv‡Z ev †hb| myZivs G‡ÿ‡Î I wbqgwU So that Gi
gZ|

Example:
Salman went to a hair shop in order that ………she could sell her hair.
Ans: Salman went to a hair shop in order that she could sell her hair.

2. Provided/ Provided that / Providing that

Provided/ Provided that / Providing that - Gi A_© hw` Ges Zv if Gi A_© cÖKvk K‡i
G‡ÿ‡Î Incomplete sentence Gi †k‡l Provided/ Provided that / Providing that _vK‡j Zvi
ci Ggb GKwU sentence ‡hvM Ki‡Z nq hv cÖ_g sentence wUi mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© Ges
Zvi Øviv Òhw`Ó A_©wU cÖKvk cvq|

Example:
The plane will take off in time provided …………
Ans: The plane will take off in time provided the weather is good.

Avcbvi Pvwn`vgZ English-Gi ‡miv Batch wfwËK Ges cÖvB‡fU ‡Kqv‡ii

wbðqZv w`‡”Q MasterMind
3. Lest
2 To Keep …… In Touch –
 Lest k‡ãi A_© Òcv‡Q fq nq †hÓ (for fear that )
Lest negative A_© cÖ`vb K‡i| AZGe Lest Øviv †h Clause Avi¤¢ nq Zv‡Z no ev not e‡m
bv| Bnv Øviv †h Clause ïiæ nq Zvi c‡i should/ might e‡m|
Lest hy³ Incomplete sentence ‡K complete Kivi wbqg: cÖ_g †_‡K Lest ch©šÍ e‡m +
cÖ_g subject e‡m+ should/ might + GKwU msMwZc~Y© verb +…….
Example:
He ran away lest
Ans: He ran away lest should / might be seen.
Note: Lest Gi cÖ_g As‡k GKwU Personal object _vK‡j D³ Personal object wU lest Gi c‡i
subject iæ‡c e‡m|
Example:
Salman was sympathetic to the peon lest ……
Ans: Salman was sympathetic to the peon lest he (person) should go away.

4. Unless
Unless A_© if …. not (hw` bv) | ZvB Unless Øviv †h Clause ïiæ nq †m Clause G not e¨eüZ nq
bv| Unless hy³ Incomplete sentence ‡K complete Ki‡Z n‡j cÖ`Ë Incomplete sentence wU e‡m
+ Gi mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© GKwU sentence ‡hvM Ki‡Z nq|

Example:
Unless you read attentively ………….
Ans: Unless you read attentively, you will fail.
5. Until/ till
Until/ till hy³ Incomplete sentence Gi mv‡_ GKwU full sentence ‡hvMK‡i cÖ`Ë
Incomplete sentence wU‡K complete Ki‡Z nq| Until/ till Gi c‡ii AskwU affirmative nq|

Example:
Wait until ……
Ans: Wait until the rain stops.

6. As long as
As long as hy³ Incomplete sentence wUi mv‡_ GKwU c~Y©v½ sentence ‡hvM K‡i
Incomplete sentence ‡K complete Ki‡Z nq|

Example:
Wait here as long as ………..
Ans: Wait here as long as it rains.

7. Though, although, since, because, if, as hy³ Incomplete sentence ‡K complete Ki‡Z n‡j
G‡`i mv‡_ GKwU A_©en c~Y©v½ sentence ‡hvM Ki‡Z nq|
Example:
Though he is poor ------------- Ans: Though he is poor, he is honest.

8. In spite of, despite

In spite of, despite Gi A_© m‡Ë¡I| G RvZxq kã Øviv simple sentence MwVZ nq|
Incomplete sentence- G In spite of, despite _vK‡j G‡`i wecixZ A_©‡evaK sentence
3 To Keep …… In Touch –
 Øviv cÖ`Ë Incomplete sentence wU complete Ki‡Z nq| G‡ÿ‡Î Incomplete As‡ki mv‡_
sub + verb + …….. e‡m|
Example:
In spite of his poverty,-----------
Ans: In spite of his poverty, Mr. Taher is honest.

9. In stead of, in lieu of

In stead of, in lieu of Gi A_© cwie‡Z©| G RvZxq phrase simple sentence - G e‡m| GKwU
wRwbm ev wel‡qi cwie‡Z© Ab¨wU †bIqv ev cQ›` eySv‡Z G phrase `ywU e¨eüZ nq|

Example:
In stead of ----------
Ans: In stead of history Nooha took English.

10.Because of, on account of, Owing to, due to

Dc‡ii phrase ¸wji A_© ÒKvi‡YÓ ev ÒR‡b&¨Ó| D³ phrase ¸wj simple sentence G e¨eüZ
nq| D³ phrase ¸wj Øviv MwVZ Incomplete sentence complete Kivi mgq sub + verb +
…….. e¨envi Ki‡Z nq|
Example:
Everybody loves him because of his ------------
Ans: Everybody loves him because of his honesty.

11.Would rather/ sooner -------- than (eis/ ZeyI)

Would rather/ Would sooner Gi A_© eis| Would rather/ Would sooner GKB A_© enb
K‡i Z‡e Would rather Gi e¨envi †ewk| Would rather/ Would sooner hy³ sentence G - than
e¨eüZ nq|
Example:
Emon would rather die -------
Ans: Emon would rather die than beg

12.Had better/Would rather

Had better/ Would rather Gi A_© ZeyI / eis fvj| Had better/ Would rather hy³ sentence
past tense- Gi n‡jI Zv g~jZ: past tense bq| Had better/ Would rather - unreal past Bnv
present/ future tense Gi A_© cÖKvk K‡i| Had better Gi ci infinitive to e‡m bv| me©`v
verb Gi base form e‡m|
Structure: sub + had better/ Would rather + verb Gi base form e‡m|

Example:
I had better --------------
Ans: I had better ring him at once.

13.No sooner had --------- than, scarcely had--------- when, hardly had-------- when
G RvZxq Structure Øviv Ò‡h‡Z------------ bv †h‡ZÕÕ Ò‡L‡Z ----------bv †L‡ZÓ
†cŠQv‡Z--------- bv †cŠQv‡ZÓ BZ¨vw` A_© cÖKvk cvq|
Example:
No sooner had I gone out ----------

4 To Keep …… In Touch –
Ans: No sooner had I gone out than Salman came.

14.It is time
‡Kvb KvR Kivi mwVK mgq n‡q‡Q eySv‡Z it is time+ infinitive + ----------- e‡m|
Example:
It is time to ------
Ans: it is time to start the work.

15.It is time
‡Kvb KvR Kivi mwVK mgq BwZg‡a¨ cvi n‡q †M‡Q| myZivs Avi wej¤^ bv K‡i G
gyn~‡Z©B KvRwU ïiæ Kiv DwPZ eySv‡bvi Rb¨ It is time e¨eüZ nq|
Structure: it is time + subject + Past subjunctive + ---------

Example:
It is time we- ------
Ans: it is time we went home.

16.As if / as thought
As if / as thought Ò‡hbÓ A_© cÖKvk K‡i| As if / as thought Gi cÖ_g Ask Present
indefinite n‡j c‡ii Ask past Indefinite nq| Avi cÖ_g Ask past tense n‡j c‡ii Ask Perfect
tense nq|

Example:
He tells the matter as if he ----------
Ans: He tells the mater as if he knew it.

17.Let Alone
‡Kvb wKQz ÒwPšÍv Kiv hvq bvÓ ev Òfvev hvq bvÓ Giæc A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Z Let
Alone e¨eüZ nq| Bnv mvaviYZ negative A_© cÖKvk K‡i|

Example:
He can not pass in the third division, let alone ----------
Ans: He can not pass in the third division, let alone in the first division.

18.Without+ gerund
Without + gerund hy³ incomplete sentence ‡K complete Kivi mgq principal clause Gi
ïiæ‡Z
sub+ verb + -------------- emv‡Z nq|
Example:
Without reading more -----------
Ans: without reading more you can not get A+
19.By + Gerund
By + Gerund hy³ incomplete sentence ‡K complete Kivi mgq principal clause Gi ïiæ‡Z
sub+ verb + -------------- emv‡Z nq|

Example:

5 To Keep …… In Touch –
By reading more -----------
Ans: By reading more we can learn more

24. If clause (Conditional sentence Pvi cÖKvi|)

1.Zero conditional: hw` wPišÍb mZ¨ nq Z‡e if + present indefinite, present indefinite
a) If water freezes, it turns into ice.
b) If sun rises, darkness disappears.
c) Darkness disappears if sun rises

2.first conditional: if + present indefinite, sub + will/can/may/must/will be able to + V1

Sub + will/can/may/must/will be able to + V1 + if + present indefinite
a) If I find his address, I will write him.
b) we will make the negotiation if he wants.
c) If you work hard, you will be able to pass.

3.second conditional: if + past indefinite, subject + would/could/might + V1

Sub + would/could/might + V1 + if + past indefinite
a) If I found his address, I would write him.
b) If you came, I would go.
c) If I had money, I would help the poor.

4.third conditional: if + past perfect, Sub + could/ would/ might + have + V3

Sub + could/ would/ might + have + V3 + if + past perfect
a) If he had come, I would have helped him.
b) If the man had found my address, he would have written me.
c) You could have passed if you had worked hard.

KL‡bv KL‡bv third conditional G if e¨eüZ nq bv| ‡m‡ÿ‡Î had sentence Gi ïiæ‡Z e¨eüZ nq|
‡hgb:-
a) Had I read the book, I would have known many unknown things.
b) Had we taken the decision, you could have fallen in distress.
c) Had he come, I would have met him.

Note: conditional sentence G be verb wnmv‡e me©`v were e¨eüZ nq|

a) If I was a king, I would help you. (incorrect)
If I were a king, I would help you. (correct)
b) If he was in the meeting, we would able to make the negotiation. (incorrect)
If he were in the meeting, we would be able to make the negotiation. (correct)

25.Had + sub + verb Gi past participle

Subordinate clause wU‡Z had + sub + verb Gi past participle wU Perfect conditional nq|

Example:
Had I seen him ------------
Ans: Had he wanted, they would have helped him.

6 To Keep …… In Touch –
 26.The place ----------- where
cÖ`Ë incomplete sentence G ¯’vwb wb‡`©k Ki‡j incomplete sentence Gi †k‡l where +
sub +verb + ------------

Example:
Joldup is the place ---------------
Ans: Joldup is the place where Salman was born.

28.The time ---------- when

cÖ`Ë incomplete sentence G mg‡qi D‡jøL _vK‡j incomplete sentence Gi †k‡l when +
sub +verb + ------------

Example:
Saturday is the day -------------
Ans: Saturday is the day when the week begins.

29.So much / so many

Ans: so much Øviv cwigvY Ges so many Øviv msL¨v eySvq|
So much / so many hy³ incomplete sentence ‡K complete Ki‡Z n‡j incomplete As‡ki
†k‡l that + cÖ_g subject Avev‡iv e‡m + verb + ------- e‡m|

Example:
You have so much intelligence ---------
Ans: You have so much intelligence that you can get a job.

30.Present Perfect tense in the subordinate clause

cÖ`Ë incomplete sentence wU A_¨©r Principal clause wU Present/ future indefinite tense
G _vK‡j Zvi †k‡l when / after _vK‡j Zvi c‡ii subordinate clause wU Present Perfect
tense nq|

Example:
You can go to sleep when ----------
Ans: You can go to sleep when you have taken your dinner.

31.In case
In case Gi A_© hw`| In case hy³ subordinate clause wU Principal clause Gi Kv‡Ri KviY
wb‡`©k K‡i| ZvB In case hy³ incomplete sentence ‡K complete Kivi mgq In case Gi ci
Principal clause Kvi‡Yi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ GKwU subordinate clause MVb Ki‡Z nq|
mvaviYZ: In case hy³ subordinate clause wU Present tense nq|

Example:
I will come tomorrow in case ----------
Ans: I will come tomorrow in case Jamal wants me.

7 To Keep …… In Touch –
 32.Would that / I wish
Am¤¢e B”Qv, AvKv•Lv BZ¨vw` cÖKvk Ki‡Z would that / I wish BZ¨vw` e¨eüZ nq|
G‡ÿ‡Î verb Gi subjunctive past tense nq|

Example:
I wish I --------
Ans: I wish I were a king.
Would that I …………
Ans: Would that I were a king.

33.To be
Feel, suppose, imagine, report, discover, know, judge, assume, BZ¨vw` verb Gi ci To be
ewm‡q incomplete sentence‡K complete Ki‡Z nq|

Example:
I know him to be ----------
Ans: I know him to be honest.

34.As
Conjunction wnmv‡e As KviY ev †h‡nZz A‡_© e¨eüZ nq| wKš‘ ÒgZÓ A_© cÖKvk
Ki‡Z regard, treat, acknowledge, BZ¨vw` verb ¸wji ci As e¨eüZ nq| As Gi ci Adjective ev
Adjective phrase e‡m|
Example:
Mr. Emon was regarded as --------
Ans: Mr. Emon was regarded as pious.

35.Would you mind

Would you mind hy³ incomplete sentence ‡K complete Kivi mgq mind Gi c‡i GKwU
verb e‡m hvi mv‡_ ing ‡hvM Ki‡Z nq + A_©‡evaK GKwU object emv‡Z nq|

Example:
Would you mind --------
Ans: Would you mind taking a cup of tea?

8 To Keep …… In Touch –