DEPARTMENT: MARITIME STUDIES

QUALIFICATION(S): BSC NAUTICAL SCIENCE

SEMESTER/YEAR: 1 X 2 Year
ASSESSMENT TYPE:
E.G. MID-TERM TEST FINAL ASSESSMENT MEMORANDUM

SUBJECT NAME: ANNEXURE(S): 1 PAGES:6

MARINE NAVIGATION 1B
TIME:
3 Hours
SUBJECT CODE: DATE: MARKS
NVG151S NOV 2021 200

EXAMINER:
MS NK MTHETHWA
MODERATOR
(INTERNAL): MR F CONRADIE

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS:
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Copying is a serious offence.

With my signature I confirm that I will abide by the rules of examination

(to be inserted on Assessment book cover)
NAVIGATION 1 − NVG151S

QUESTION 1

Solving PZX  for Hc & Zn of Alpheratz on 30 August 1979:

05h 42m 22s (H) DR 15°30’N 114°45’E

Zone Time 30 Aug 79 05h 42m 22s (H)

Zone Diff (H) − 08h 00m 00s
UT (GMT) 29 Aug 79 21h 42m 22s (Z)

Tab GHA ϒ 292° 28,1’

HA Inc ϒ + 10° 37,2’
SHA  Alpheratz + 358° 09,7’ Dec  Alpheratz N 28° 58,7’
GHA  Alpheratz 301° 15,0’ DR Latitude 15° 30,0’ N
E Longitude + 114° 45,0’ Lat & Dec Same
LHA  Alpheratz 56° 00,0’

Nav Remarks PZX STO Degrees ° ZX = acos (cos P ∙ sin PZ ∙ sin PX + cos PZ ∙ cos PX)

LHA  ∠P A 56,00000° Latitude Z North = acos (0,60086) = 53°04’05,6”

90° − DR Lat PZ B 74,50000° Pole Used N-Pole ∠Z = acos ((cos PX− cos PZ ∙ cos ZX) / (sin PZ ∙ sin ZX))

90° − Dec  PX C 61,02167° T Azimuth N θ°W = acos (0,42050) = 65°08’01,1” ⇒ 65° (to nrst ½°)
Zenith Dist  ZX D 53,06823° Polar Angle LHA Calculated Altitude = (90° − CZX) = 36°55’54,4” 

Azimuth Angle ∠Z E 65,13364° True Azimuth = N 65°W = (360° − 65°) = 295°T 

Alt = 90° − ZX Hc F 36,93177°

True Azimuth Zn G 294,86636°

[20]
QUESTION 2

Sight Reduction − Marq St Hilaire − Sun − Gyro Error − True & Compass Courses:

Observation  Sun ± Ship Time 18.04.1979 15h 30m 00s (R)

Chron (given) 08h 29m 24s Zone Diff (R) + 05h 00m 00s
Chron (PM) 18.04.1979 20h 29m 24s ± GMT/UT 18.04.1979 20h 30m 00s (Z) (PM)
Error (slow) + 03m 26s
GMT/UT 18.04.1979 20h 32m 50s (Z)
sin Hc = cos LHA ∙ cos L ∙ cos D − sin L · sin D
Tab GHA  120° 09,4' or sin Hc = (cos LHA − 1) ∙ cos L ∙ cos D + cos (L+ D)
HA Inc  + 8° 12,5'
W Longitude − 79° 45,0' LHA < 180° sin Hc = (0,47814)
LHA  48° 36,9' West of Ship HC = 28° 33' 50,2''
Tab Dec  N 10° 49,8' HC ≈ 28° 33,8'
(d + 0,9') Corr + 0° 00,5'
Dec  N 10° 50,3' d.lat = Int · cos Zn = (− 7,5 · cos 303°) = 4,1' S
DR Latitude 28° 50,0' S dep = Int · sin Zn = (− 7,5 · sin 303°) = 6,3' E
Lat + Dec 39° 40,3' N ML = DR Lat + ½ d.lat = 28° 52' 02,5" S
Lat and Dec S/N Diff (− ) d.long = dep / cos ML = 7,2' E

A 0,48509 N ITP Latitude 28° 54,1' S


B 0,25517 N ITP Longitude 079° 37,8' W
C=A+B 0,74026 N LOP Direction 033°T ~ 213°T 
θ 57,03708° LOP Ship Time 18.04 ∙ 15h 33m (R)
Zc N 57° W (Nearest ½°)
Zn 303°T (Nearest ½°) Observed Brg 300°G
True Azimuth 303°T
SA (Hs)  LL 28° 21,8' Gyro Error 3°L 

IE (on) − 0° 03,2' Gyro Course 091°G

OA  LL 28° 18,6' True Course 094°T 
Dip (13,6m) − 0° 06,5' Variation 10° E
AA  LL 28° 12,1' Magnetic Course 084°M M St Hilaire SR (30)
TC  LL (Apr) + 0° 14,2' Deviation 2°W LOP Direction (12)
TA  (Ho) 28° 26,3' Compass Course 086°C  Gyro Error (2)
CA  (Hc) 28° 33,8' True Course (2)
7,5 miles Comp Course (4)
Intercept
Away Total Marks [50]
Ho< Hc

[50]
 QUESTION 3

Upper Meridian Passage − Spica − Accurate Ship Time − Sight Reduction − Observed Latitude:

Observation  Spica
Tab ± LMT (AM NT) 19.02.1979 03h 34m (54°S)
Lat Correction − 06m (2°/ 1°/ − 12m)
± LMT (AM NT) 19.02.1979 03h 28m (55°00'S)
E Longitude − 03h 02m
± GMT/UT (AM NT) 19.02.1979 00h 26m (Z)
{or}
± Ship Time 19.02.1979 03h 26m (C)
Zone Diff (C) − 03h 00m
± GMT/UT 19.02.1979 00h 26m (Z)

LHA  at UMP 360° 00,0'

E Longitude − 045° 30,0'
SHA  Spica − 158° 58,5'
GHA  at UMP  155° 31,5'
Tab GHA  − 148° 20,9' ⇒ Tab GMT/UT 19.02.1979 00h 00m 00s (Z) ⇒ Dec  Spica S 11° 03,2'
HA Increment  7° 10,6' ⇒ Time Increment + 28m 38s
∆ HA  (00h –01h) 15° 02,5' GMT/UT UMP  19.02.1979 00h 28m 38s (Z)
Zone Diff (C) + 03h 00m 00s
Ship Time UMP  19.02.1979 03h 28m 38s (C) 
GMT/UT (6)
Ship Time (2)
SA (Hs)  46° 18,8'
IE (on) − 0° 01,2'
OA  46° 17,6'
Dip (11,6m) − 0° 06,0'
AA  46° 11,6'
Refraction − 0° 00,9' N Zn = 000°T
TA  (Ho) 46° 10,7' Q
MZX  (ZX) 43° 49,3' Looking North X QZ = QX+ ZX
Dec  (QX) S 11° 03,2' Z
Latitude for LOP 54° 52,5' S  S
Longitude for LOP 045° 30,0' E
Direction LOP 270°T ~ 090°T 
Ship Time LOP 19.02 ∙ 03h 29m (C)

Observed Lat (10)

LOP Direction (2)

Total Marks [20]

[20]
QUESTION 4

Compass Error & Deviation − True Amplitude − Setting Sun :

Tab ± LMT 18.08.1979 17h 48m (Sunset) (20°00'S) ± Ship Time 18.08.1979 17h 20m (V)
Lat Correction − 00h 06m (10°/ 5°40'/ − 11m) Z-Diff (V) + 09h 00m
± LMT 18.08.1979 17h 42m (25°40'S) ± GMT/UT 19.08.1979 02h 20m (Z) (AM)
W Longitude + 08h 41m
± GMT/UT 19.08.1979 02h 23m (Z) (AM)

Observation Setting Sun

Chron (given) 02h 16m 00s
Chron (AM) 19.08.1979 02h 16m 00s
Error (slow) + 03m 17s
GMT/UT 19.08.1979 02h 19m 17s (Z)

Tab GHA  209° 03,2' sin θ = sin D / cos L

HA Inc  + 4° 49,3' sin θ = (0,24980)
W Longitude − 130° 15,0' θ = 14,46551°
LHA  83° 37,5' θ ≈ 14½° (nearest ½°)
Tab De c  N 13° 01,0'
(d − 0,8') Corr − 0° 00,3' or
Dec  N 13° 00,7'
DR Latitude 25° 40,0' S Tabulated θ = 14,5°
Lat and Dec SN Diff (−) θ ≈ 14½° (nearest ½°)

Setting Amp  W θ°N

Setting Amp  W 14½°N
True Amp  284½°T
Obs Bearing  273½°C
Compass Error 11°E 
Variation 16°E
Deviation 5°West 

Compass Error (14)

Deviation (2)
T Co (2)
Compass Course (2)
Total Marks [20]
QUESTION 5

North Atlantic Ocean − Meridian Sailing − ML Plane Sailing − Parallel Sailing − GC Sailing − Algeciras to Barbados:

Algeciras: A - 36°09'N 005°23'W

Pta Carnero: B - 36°02'N 005°23'W by meridian track
Isla de Tarifa: C - 35°58'N 005°36'W by short rhumb track
Cape Trafalgar: D - 35°58'N 006°12'W by parallel track
Barbados: E - 13°06'N 059°39'W by great circle track

Remarks ~ M.Trk MS STO MT Data Latitude A 36°09' N Meridian Sailing - Algeciras to Punta Carnero

d.lat A to B  A 7,00' S Latitude B 36°02' N d.Lat = {Lat A− Lat B}

d.long A to B  B Nil d.lat A-B 00°07' S d.Lon = {Long A− Long B}
Departure A to B  C Nil Longitude A 005°23'W Dep = d.long × Cos ML
True Course  D 180° T  Longitude B 005°23'W T Co = South ∴ True Course = 180° T
Distance  E 7,00 M  d.long A-B 000°00' S Dist = d.latitude in Meridian Sailing
MS Co & D (12)

Remarks ~ S.RL PS STO RL Data Latitude B 36°02' N ML Plane Sailing - Punta Carnero to Isla de Tarifa

d.lat B to C  A 4,00' S Latitude C 35°58' N d.Lat = {Lat B− Lat C}

d.long B to C  B 13,00' W d.lat B-C 00°04' S d.Lon = {Long C− Long B}
M Latitude  C 36,00° N Longitude B 005°23'W ML = {Lat B+ Lat C} / 2
Departure B to C  D 10,52 M W Longitude C 005°36'W Dep = d.long × Cos ML
Course Angle  E 69,17676° d.long B-C 000°13'W Tan θ = dep ÷ d.lat
True Course  F 249° T  Mean Lat 36°00' N T Co = SW ∴ T Co = S θ°W ∴ True Course = 249° T
Distance  G 11,25 M  SRL Co & D (18) Dist = d.lat ÷ Cos θ in ML Plane Sailing

Remarks ~ PS PS STO RL Data Latitude C 35°58' N Parallel Sailing - Isla de Tarifa to Cape Trafalgar

d.lat C to D  A Nil Latitude D 35°58' N d.Lat = {Lat C− Lat D}

d.long C to D  B 36,00' W d.lat C-D 00°00' S d.Lon = {Long D− Long C}
M Latitude  C 35,97° N Longitude C 005°36'W ML = {Lat C+ Lat D} / 2 = Lat C = Lat D
Departure C to D  D 29,14 M W Longitude D 006°12'W Dep = d.long × Cos ML
True Course  E 270° T  d.long C-D 000°36'W T Co = W ∴ True Course = 270° T
Distance  F 29,14 M  Mean Lat 35°58' N Dist = Departure in Parallel Sailing only
PS Co & D (16)

Remarks ~ GC ∆ STO Degrees° Long D 006°12'W Great Circle Sailing - Cape Trafalgar to Barbados

d.long D to E ∠P A 53,45000° W Long E 059°39'W DE = acos (cos P · sin PD · sin PE + cos PD · cos PE)

90° − Lat D PD B 54,03333° d.long D-E 053°27'W = acos (0,60256) = 52°56'46,3" ≈ 52°56,8'

90° − Lat E PE C 76,90000° Lat D North ∠D = acos ((cos PE − cos PD · cos DE) / (sin PD · sin DE))
GC Distance Arc DE D 52,94619° Pole Used N-Pole = acos (− 0,19699) = 101°21'40,6" ≈ 101½° (nearest ½°)
Initial GC Co Angle ∠D E 101,36127° GC Track E←D ∠E = acos ((cos PD − cos PE · cos DE) / (sin PE · sin DE))
Final GC Co Angle ∠E F 54,55780° Initial T Co N θ° W = acos (0,57988) = 54°33'28,1" ≈ 54½° (to nearest ½°)
Final T Co S α° W GC distance = 60 ⋅ DE = 3176,77 miles 
GC Distance (8) Initial course = N101½°W = 360°− 101½° = 258½° T 
I GC T-Co (8) Final course = S 54½°W = 180°+ 54½° = 234½° T 
F GC T-Co (8)

Total Marks [70] [70]

 FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT

QUESTION 6 {See the accompanying plot for the position by running fix}

Transfer vector for TLOP1: 050°T at 19 kn for + 00:18:57 = 050°T x 6 M on  TLOP1 - Alphard (2) (2)
Transfer vector for TLOP2: 050°T at 19 kn for + 00:09:29 = 050°T x 3 M on  TLOP2 - Procyon (2) (2)
Transfer vector for TLOP3: 050°T at 19 kn for + 00:00:00 = 050°T x 0 M on  TLOP3 - Rigel (2) (2)

Baker’s PL Chart : Plotted Fix: 42°53,0’S 047°08,2’W - Good

Graph Paper : Plotted Fix: 42°53,0’S 047°08,2’W - Good (2) (6) [20]

Total Marks [200]