PMSCS Program

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka
M. Sc. in Computer Science Final Examination, Fall 2021
PMSCS 663: Digital Image Processing
Full Marks: 30 Duration: 1 hour 30 mins.
[There are four (4) questions. Answer any three (3) questions.]

1 (a) What are the main objectives of image processing ? Mention 6 features in recognizing objects. Also 6
explain broad category of image enhancement techniques.
(b) Describe the algorithm of histogram specification for removing lighting/low-contrast problem in an 4
image.

2. (a) Determine the value of the bold marks pixel of the above image using a 3×3 (i) median and (ii) Laplacian 5
filters.
20 3 200 250
10 50 115 0
10 25 15 0
205 160 70 30

(b) What is texture ? How it can be classified and evaluated ? 5

3. (a) Briefly describe the HSL color model. Also determine the hue of a pixel whose R= 130, G=50, B=230. 6

(b) Perform the erosion operation for the image shown in the following figure. Use a 3×3diagonal 4
structuring element.

0 1 0 0 0
1 1 1 0 0
0 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 0 1 1

4. (a) Why higher-order and lower-order image moment invariants are not suitable for object recognition ? 5
What is affine moment invariant ?

(b) Define edge. What will be the grayscale edge value of the bold marked pixel shown in the following 5
figure if 3×3 Sobel operators operate on it?

0 250 220 140 30

0 70 10 0 30
55 95 50 60 90
200 80 55 0 255
 PMSCS Program
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka
M. Sc. in Computer Science Final Examination, Summer 2021
PMSCS 663: Digital Image Processing
Full Marks: 30 Duration: 1 hour 30 mins.
[There are four (4) questions. Answer any three (3) questions.]

1 (a) Draw a generic image processing flow diagram for recognizing an object. Also show the tasks of three 5
different processing classifications.
(b) Mention the different methods those can be used for removing lighting/low-contrast problem in an 5
image. Explain any one of the them.

2. (a) Write down 3×3 kernels for the (i) max filter, (ii) min filter, (iii) average filter, (iv) Gaussian (weighted 7
average) filter, (v) median filter, and (vi) bandpass filter, (vii) Laplacian Gaussian filter

20 3 200 250
5 50 115 0
10 255 15 0
205 0 70 30

Determine the value of the bold marks pixel of the above image using the above kernels.

(b) Write short notes on image moments and texture 3

3. (a) Briefly describe the color model that is frequently used for object recognition tasks from an image. 5

(b) Perform the erosion operation for the image shown in the following figure. Use a 3×3 5
cross-sized structuring element.

0 1 0 0 0
1 1 1 0 0
0 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 0 1 1

4. (a) Describe the change detection mechanism for a scene. Also mention an application of it. 5

(b) What will be the grayscale edge value of the bold marked pixel shown in the following figure if 3×3 5
Sobel operators operate on it?

0 250 220 140 30

0 70 10 0 30
55 95 50 60 90
200 80 55 0 255
 PMSCS Program
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka
M. Sc. in Computer Science Final Examination, Spring 2021
PMSCS 663: Digital Image Processing
Full Marks: 30 Duration: 1 hour 30 mins.
[There are four (4) questions. Answer any three (3) questions.]

1 (a) Differentiate between lightness and brightness. Draw a generic image processing flow diagram for 5
recognizing an object. Also show different image processing tasks on your diagram.

(b) Explain the histogram specification technique for removing lighting/low-contrast problem of a grayscale 5
image.

2. (a) I have the following 3×3 image in the scale of -20 to 20. Please convert it into an equivalent gray scale 5
image. Finally represent this converted grayscale image to a binary image (assume a threshold of 140).

20 -3 -20

5 -5 -15

10 -1 15

(b) Write down the typical 3×3 kernels for the (i) max filter, (ii) min filter, (iii) average filter, (iv) Gaussian 5
(weighted average) filter, (v) median filter, and (vi) bandpass filter.

3. (a) An color image pixel has R= 130, G=50, B=230. Evaluate its lightness and hue. 5

(b) What are ‘Hitting’ and ‘Fitting’? Perform the erosion operation for the image shown in the following 5
figure. Use a 3×3 cross-sized structuring element.

0 1 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 0
0 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 0 1 1
4. (a) Describe the change detection mechanism for a scene. Also mention an application of it. 5

(b) What will be the grayscale edge values of the bold marked pixels shown in the following figure if 3×3 5
Sobel operators operate on it?

0 250 220 140 30

0 70 10 0 30
55 95 50 60 90
200 80 55 0 255
 PMSCS Program
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka
M. Sc. in Computer Science Final Examination, Fall 2020
PMSCS 663: Digital Image Processing
Full Marks: 30 Duration: 1 hour 30 mins.
[There are four (4) questions. Answer any three (3) questions.]

1 (a) Differentiate between lightness and brightness. Draw a generic image processing flow diagram for 5
recognizing an object.
(b) Mention the different methods those can be used for removing lighting/low-contrast problem in an 5
image. Explain any one of the them.

2. (a) I have the following 3×3 image in the scale of -20 to 20. Please convert it into an equivalent gray scale 5
image.
20 -3 -20
5
5 -5 -15

10 -1 15

(b) Write down 3×3 kernels for the (i) max filter, (ii) min filter, (iii) average filter, (iv) Gaussian (weighted
average) filter, (v) median filter, and (vi) bandpass filter.

3. (a) Briefly describe the color model that can be used for image recognition. 5

(b) Perform the erosion operation for the image shown in the following figure. Use a 3×3 5
cross-sized structuring element.

0 1 0 0 0
1 1 1 0 0
0 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 0 1 1

4. (a) Describe the change detection mechanism for a scene. Also mention an application of it. 5

(b) What will be the grayscale edge value of the bold marked pixel shown in the following figure if 3×3
Sobel operators operate on it? 5

0 250 220 140 30

0 70 10 0 30
55 95 50 60 90
200 80 55 0 255
 PMSCS Program
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka
M. Sc. in Computer Science Final Examination, Spring 2020
PMSCS 663: Digital Image Processing
Full Marks: 30 Duration: 1 hour 30 mins.
[There are four (4) questions. Answer any three (3) questions.]

1 (a) Draw a generic image processing flow diagram for recognizing an object. 5

(b) Describe a histogram equalization operation to enhance the contrast of a bad quality image. 5

2. (a) Write down the equation for generating a sinusoidal grayscale image of VGA size whose horizontal 5
frequency is 7-times lower than its vertical frequency.

(b) What will be the output intensity of the bold marked pixel of the image intensities shown in the following 5
figure if a 3×3 (i) max kernel, (ii) min Kernel, (iii) average kernel, (iv) weighted average kernel, (v)
median kernel operates on it?

0 250 220 140 30

0 70 10 0 30

55 95 50 60 90

200 80 55 0 255

3. (a) Mention the different mechanisms to handle the outside boundary pixels in image in spatial operations? 3

(b) The RGB values of a color image is 40, 60, 140, respectively. What will be their luninance (L), hue (H) 7
and saturation (S) values ?

4. (a) Describe the algorithms for converting a grayscale image to a binary image. 5

(b) What will be the binary edge value of the bold marked pixel of the image intensities shown in the 5
following figure if a 3×3 Sobel Kernel operates on it? Use a suitable threshold value.

0 250 220 140 30

0 70 10 0 30

55 95 50 60 90

200 80 55 0 255