Analysis of Renewable Energy Implementation of Blockchain-BIM in Green

Retrofitting Industrial Estates for Reducing Cost

Rizkiawan Pangestu1, Albert Eddy Husin2*

1
Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana, Jakarta, Indonesia
2
Phd of Civil Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana, Jakarta, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: albert_eddy@mercubuana.ac.id

Abstract. Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that cause the greenhouse effect. The gas
occurs naturally in the environment, but can also arise as a result of human activities and during
industrial production cycles. In climate models, an increase in atmospheric temperature due to the
greenhouse effect due to anthropogenic gases will cause an increase in the water vapor content in
the troposphere, with relatively constant relative humidity. Increasing the concentration of water
vapor results in increasing the greenhouse effect; resulting in an increase in temperature; and again
increasing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. This situation continues until it reaches a
point of equilibrium (equilibrium). Based on data submitted by the World Research Institute (WRI),
globally Indonesia is in tenth place in producing greenhouse gas emissions or around 2% of
emissions in the world. So that there is a very significant process of climate change, this is a threat
that is currently sweeping the world, therefore the target of achieving Net Zero Emissions (NZE) in
2060 must be an obligation in all countries. The conversion of Industrial Estates to Green Industrial
Estates is one of the ways to achieve the NZE targets and have a positive impact on the
environment. In the process of standardizing the adjustment using the latest Green Building
Performance Assessment Standard Technical Guidelines through regulations from the Ministry of
Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) No. 1 of 2022. The conversion of an Industrial Estate
requires a large cost, namely > 10%, so it is very burdensome for industrial estate managers. This
research proves that the application of Blockchain-Building Information Modeling (BIM) can
improve cost performance related to the conversion process in Industrial Estates by implementing
the latest Ministry of PUPR regulations. The application of the Blockchain-BIM method can
increase the cost performance of green retrofitting by saving costs of 6.06% and can benefit as an
environmentally friendly and sustainable industrial area.

KEYWORDS: Industrial Estate, Blockchain-Building Information Modelling, Green Retrofitting,

Reducing Cost
1. Introduction
Global warming can cause depletion of the ozone layer, erratic climate change, and increasing
temperatures on Earth. Many things can cause global warming including the narrowing of green
land, the greenhouse effect, and development that does not pay attention to the environment. In
many countries, everyone faces depletion of natural resources, energy and environment.
Meanwhile, the threats posed by climate change and global warming are making the planet less and
less sustainable in meeting the needs and well-being of humanity around the world. The thing that
underlies the importance of the green concept in all aspects of life today is the global warming
issue, namely increasing development followed by economic development resulting in national
energy needs as well. the more increase (Ratnaningsih et al., 2019). According to the Ministry of
Environment & Forestry in India, the Green concept is the process of building structures with
attention to the environment and efficient resources throughout the building's life cycle from design,
construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and deconstruction (Ebrahim & Wayal, 2020).
Green buildings are useful for creating environmentally friendly buildings by integrating
planning methods aimed at reducing the negative impact of buildings on the environment and for
the users of the building itself. Global warming is a major global problem affecting both the private
sector and government agencies, so everyone should create a new business plan focused on finding
solutions to the problem environment (Benamer et al., 2021).
Since the industrial sector is responsible for the majority of greenhouse gas emissions, green
development in the industrial sector will lead to substantial and efficient reductions in global
greenhouse gas emissions. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, the main
sources of greenhouse gas emissions in the US are power generation (30%), transportation (26%),
industry (21%), commercial and residential (12%), and agriculture (11%). Growing awareness of
climate change is driving the development of green buildings that minimize negative impacts on the
environment and use resources efficiently.
Critical success factors help achieve specified goals and are essential to the success of a project.
Determining the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for green concept development is critical to
achieving optimal project performance following a literature review and proposed methodology
(Darko et al., 2017). In the literature reviewed, management support, financial capability, and
design specifications are the top three factors. In addition, critical success factors have a higher
critical level in project costs than project schedule and quality (Hwang et al., 2017).
The real advantages resulting from Green Building buildings are water reduction of around 30-
50% and energy savings of around 20-30%. while the intangible benefits include improving air
quality, natural lighting, health, comfort, and welfare of residents (Ebrahim & Wayal, 2020).
Draft Building Green owns a number of superiority related to economic, social, and creating
environment _ building own draft conservation source Power sustainable ( energy, water, land, And
nature ), efficient source power ( groundwater energy _ and materials), and resource sharing power
( facilities general on transportation And work ) (Indonesia & Technology, 2019), (Sutikno et al.,
2023).
Green building policies are being implemented in various countries, including in support of the
goal of reducing global greenhouse gas emissions in the construction sector. The new definition of a
building certificate is a certificate given to buildings that are newly designed or constructed, or that
are completely demolished and rebuilt.
Many previous studies have discussed the determinants of successful green renovation of
buildings, but there has been no study on green renovation in industrial areas in response to the
Ministry of Construction and Public Housing Technical Directive #1 2022. Regulations are oriented
towards modern greening. Indonesian building. Based on this regulation, there are three ratings.
Main Green Building (80% - 100%) (1), Medium (65% - 80%) (2), Primary (45% - 65%) (3), max
total 165 points.
Green retrofitting includes air conditioning system improvement performance, lighting system
improvement performance, roof system thermal insulation performance, and ventilation system
improvement (He et al., 2019). Green retrofitting is a strategy to increase energy efficiency and
building performance. Some countries have implemented green retrofitting including installing
energy-efficient devices, technological control devices, window and wall retrofitting, advanced
heating and cooling installation technologies, and renewable technologies. A building needs to be
retrofitted to optimize energy savings and minimize payback time (He et al., 2019). The cost of
upgrading existing buildings to green buildings, known as retrofitting, ranges from 10.77% (Sun et
al., 2019).
With the large increase in costs caused by green retrofitting, a method is needed to reduce these
increased costs, one of which is by using the Blockchain-Building Information Modeling (BIM)
method. Blockchain is a technology that enables the exchange of information and transactions
between two or more participants through absolutely secure and irreversible cryptography. This
transmission does not require a central intermediary to identify and authenticate the information, but
instead occurs through multiple independent blockchain network participants (nodes) who register
and verify. Each participant has an exact copy of the information, allowing traceable and pure
trading. This transparency can also be extended to changes in the project model cited in (Sangadji.
2019) (Daffa & Azhar, 2022).
 According to Eastman et al (2008) quoted in (Daffa & Azhar, 2022), BIM is a paradigm shift
with many benefits not only for those working in the construction industry, but for society at large
and better buildings. It is a building under construction and uses less energy, labor and capital. BIM
is a digital platform for creating virtual buildings. When applying BIM, the model must be able to
contain all information about the building. This information is used for collaboration, forecasting
and decision making regarding the design, construction, cost and maintenance stages of buildings.
BIM concepts envision virtual construction before actual physical construction to reduce
uncertainty, increase safety, solve problems and analyze possible impacts.
The first integrated BIM and blockchain application for productivity has been piloted at the
DELFOS project, a technology research and development facility in Spain (Samir, 2020) (Daffa &
Azhar, 2022). Integrated BIM and blockchain technology promises an increasingly secure and
private environment to conduct business with full control over processes. (Lokshina et al., 2019).
Blockchain enables features such as proof of ownership, for example, rights issues; proof-of-
provenance, for example, recording via a traceable ledger that cannot be changed; and reduction of
human errors and irregularities according to Kshetri, 2017 (Lokshina et al., 2019).

2. Literature Study
Continuing from the explanation of the issues and background of the problems in the
introduction section, this literature study section will briefly discuss the basic concepts of
Blockchain–Building Information Modeling (BIM) which are applied in green retrofitting.
Blockchain is a technology that uses cryptography to allow information and transactions to be
exchanged between two or more participants in a completely secure and irreversible manner. This
transmission does not require a central intermediary to identify and authenticate the information, but
is done through multiple independent blockchain network participants (nodes) who register and
verify. Each participant has an exact copy of the information, allowing for traceable and tamper-free
trading. This transparency can be extended to all changes to the project model cited in (Daffa &
Azhar, 2022).
Blockchain therefore guarantees a secure and controlled collaborative ecosystem in BIM
projects. Because blockchain is designed as a distributed database, neither party gets an advantage
over the other, as blockchain ensures fundamental neutrality to changes made to the model.
Blockchain acts as a trusted source for system participants to share information in moments of
security. Blockchain allows you to leave notes that cannot be changed by changes made to BIM
objects. These changes are therefore automatically linked to the author. With the method this
information will be reflected and replicated in all systems and servers (network nodes) with access
to the model, circumventing the problem moment identifying the model editor. With that, there will
be no manipulation of the model itself. Blockchain technology, moment Still in the early stages of
development, has the potential to partially accelerate and optimize big practice design and
development today with many benefits to companies, individuals, industries, customers, and
society. Implementation Blockchain can into effective management solutions and the use of various
tools that will increase efficiency, change industry culture and promote future technology, such as:
1. Building information modeling software for intelligent and collaborative 3D design and
modeling;
2. Cloud technologies make it possible to create and coordinate databases that are visualized in
real-time and serve as a platform for interdisciplinary collaboration;
3. A smart contract, a set of coded instructions that can be executed automatically when certain
conditions are executed;
4. Technology takes the reality that makes it possible to validate and convert digital assets into real
value;
5. Internet of Things (IoT) governance; is a functionally permissible blockchain that facilitates
consensus-based collaboration.
 Blockchain works. Since each block in the blockchain contains information about its
predecessor block, this provides a mechanism to verify data integrity across the blockchain. This
could be a key driver in adopting this technology in the distributed CAD ecosystem. Blockchain is a
solution that enables the exchange of information between users through fully traceable, completely
secure and immutable cryptography. BIM applications and the first integrated blockchain aimed at
productivity have been trialed on the Spanish technology research and development site project
DELFOS (Samir, 2020) cited in (Daffa & Azhar, 2022).

Figure 1. Blockchain Scheme on BIM (Sreckovic et al., 2020)

In an industry where collaboration is based on expert knowledge and a high level of trust, the
potential of blockchain should be explored as best as possible to provide innovative forms of
collaboration between projects and teams. The design system will be automated (run on the
blockchain network), especially saving costs and time for administrative work, reporting,
controlling, monitoring responsibilities, and transferring risks. Thus, integrated BIM and blockchain
technology promise to be even more secure and trustworthy. Blockchain enables features such as
proof of ownership, such as rights issues; proof of provenance, such as record keeping traceable
through immutable records; and error reduction from error human.

Figure 2. Implementation of Blockchain-BIM (Sreckovic et al., 2020)

It has been discovered that blockchain has the potential to address the challenges that prevent
industries from adopting BIM for sustainable design (Liu et al., 2019). The economic benefits of
blockchain applications in construction from some of the literature we have examined; include
reducing transaction costs in the retail industry by 3-7% due to the elimination of transaction
intermediaries (Kfoury, 2021). Transaction costs themselves, according to research conducted by
((Abdel-Galil et al., 2022), concluded that at the pre-contract stage of construction projects, the
average is around 3-4% of the contract value, and the average value for post-contract transaction
costs is around 8-9% of the contract value. The Blockchain-BIM model can guarantee the integrity
and origin of BIM data by adding the blockchain to the current BIM database and facilitating
mobile computing and widespread access to BIM information (Zheng et al., 2019). Blockchain can
offer the capability to apply levels of ‘‘trust’’ to individual BIM objects and a more secure
framework of collaboration across stakeholders (Celik et al., 2023). Blockchain and its potential for
inclusion in the communication between the project participants showed that it is not just about a
standard technology, but for a holistic approach, it requires in-depth knowledge of the design
process of stakeholders in a given area, their interests, and the flow of joint work and the solution is
supported by BIM and Blockchain in scenography (Sreckovic & Sibenik, 2021).

3. Methodology
In this study, researchers discuss the implementation of Blockchain-BIM in green retrofitting of
Industrial Estates based on the Ministry of PUPR's Technical Guidelines No. 1 of 2022. The first
step is to conduct an assessment of the condition of the existing planning for Industrial Estates
concerning the points in Table 1. After that, you will get what points need to be fulfilled so that they
are following the assessment standards. At this early stage, the resulting assessment must meet a
minimum standard point of 74.25 for the Primary level. The cost of upgrading existing buildings to
green buildings ranges from 10.77%, as stated by (Sun et al., 2019). Blockchain, which includes
smart contracts, will reduce costs by 3-7% as stated by (Kfoury, 2021). The research method is
described in Figure 3. About Research Flow Analysis for this study.

Figure 3. Research Flow Analysis

3.1 Technical Guideline based on Ministry of PUPR No. 1 of 2022

The Performance Assessment Standard Technical Guidelines for green buildings in Indonesia,
issued by the Ministry of PUPR of the Republic of Indonesia in 2022, are the latest regulations
when compared to existing regulations, such as Green Buildings from the Green Building Council
Indonesia (GBCI) and Ministry of PUPR Regulation No. 21 of 2021. This latest regulation contains
technical instructions and assessment points that must be met for a building to be included in the
Green building category. In addition to the points listed in Table 1, which total 165 points, the
technical instructions contain points according to the Stages of Area Adaptation; namely the
Utilization Stage and the Demolition Stage. The total points for all stages are 330.

3.2 Blockchain-BIM
Blockchain is a distributed database system that acts as an "open ledger" for storing and
managing transactions (Zheng et al., 2019). Blockchain technology relies on distributed ledger
technology – a shared ledger between all the participants (nodes) within the network (Wouda &
Opdenakker, 2019). With a BIM model that prototypes the actual building design and construction
views, it can produce sufficient information needed by users (Ismail et al., 2021). Lessons learned
include the fact that BIM brings certain benefits to projects while increasing project duration and
improving project costs (Dao & Nguyen, 2021).
Blockchain and its potential for inclusion in the communication between the project
participants showed that it is not just about a standard technology, but for a holistic approach, it
requires in-depth knowledge of the design process of stakeholders in a given area, their interests,
and the flow of joint work. The solution is supported by BIM and Blockchain in scenography
(Sreckovic & Sibenik, 2021). Blockchain provides an efficient way to solve these problems with
distributed, shared, secure, and authorized transaction records (Al-Jaroodi & Mohamed, 2019). It
has been discovered that blockchain has the potential to address the challenges that prevent the
industry from adopting BIM for sustainable design (Liu et al., 2019).
The Blockchain-BIM method is as described in Figure 4, namely green building objects in BIM
format and then converted into a CSV file. A 5D BIM-based .csv or data file is uploaded to the
owner app's back-end (1). Data is sent to the blockchain network via chain code (2).

(B)

BIM Data (A)

(C)
Owner App. Contractor App.

Front End Front End

(4) (5) (5) (4)

(1)
Back End Back End

(3)

(2) Blockchain Network (6)

(6) (3)
Chaincode

Figure 4. Blockchain-BIM Configuration (Ye, 2019)

4. Case Study
In a study done on Region, the industry is located in Bekasi Regency, West Java, Indonesia.
Industrial estates own area of 400,000 m2 with condition Not yet become Green Industrial estates
and already operate. Study This modification process is carried out to become Industrial estates
Green with conduct an assessment based on the Technical Guideline base on the Ministry of PUPR
No. 1 of 2022. Based on the results of the assessment carried out, then obtained 60 points, meaning
that Industrial estates this not yet fulfill the classification Green Industrial estates. So must an
improvement process is carried out so that the minimum standard of assessment is carried out can
fulfill with minimum standard assessment of 74.25 points for ranking Primary can fulfilled. In the
improvement thing to be ranking Primary, there are 7 work items, for becoming ranking Middle
there are 12 work items, meanwhile, for becoming ranking Main there are 13 work items (Table 3),
so Standard Technical Building Green can fulfilled.

Figure 5. Small and Micro Business Buildings Intermediate

Small and Micro Business Buildings Intermediate or so-called MSME building, is provided
building. To support the economy public around. This is the rule point related to building
assessment Green Building based on Instruction Technical Evaluation Green Building PUPR
Ministry Regulation No. 1 Year 2022.

Figure 6. Building Sewage Treatment Plant

Building Sewage Treatment Plant or abbreviated the STP building is a functioning building for
manager waste, where inside building there are STPs. With provided STP building with an area of
30 m2, which is the One building utility support Industrial estates can increase rating points from
condition Industrial estates exists become main category.

Figure 7. Building Cycle Repeat Rubbish

 Building Cycle Repeat Trash, is provided building for cycle repeat rubbish becomes the
product that can produce product with own mark sell. This is the rule point related to building
assessment Building Green based on Instruction Technical Evaluation Green Building PUPR
Ministry Regulation No. 1 Year 2022.

Figure 8. Building Rain Water Catcher

Building Pool Rainwater Catchment or it’s called a pond is a functioning building, to

accommodates and absorbs rainwater, so can reduce happening puddles or flooding inside industrial
estates. With provided pond building with an area of 300 m2, which is the one of building utility
support Industrial estates can increase rating points from condition industrial estates exists become
middle category and main category.

Figure 9. Building Composter Rubbish

Building Composter Trash is provided building for cycle repeat rubbish become fertilizer
compost with own mark sell. This is the rule point related to building assessment Building Green
based on Instruction Technical Evaluation Building Green PUPR Ministry Regulation No. 1 Year
2022.

Figure 10. Charging Station building

 The charging Station building is provided building for charging material burn vehicle
electricity. This is the rule point related to building assessment Green Building based on Instruction
Technical Evaluation Building Green PUPR Ministry Regulation No. 1 Year 2022.

Figure 11. Light Lighting Road with Solar Panels

The light-lighting road is Already available in condition Region Existing, however on condition
the light-lighting road Not yet using solar panels. Because That provider light lighting equipped
road with solar panels based on area assessment and improvement Industry become category
Primary, Middle, and Main based on rules in Instruction Technical Evaluation Building Green
PUPR Ministry Regulation No. 1 Year 2022. With provided building the give impact addition
related costs.

Figure 12. Building Place Shelter Rubbish

Building Place Shelter Rubbish Meanwhile, is provided building manager Industrial estates for
Shelter Rubbish meanwhile. This is the rule point related to building assessment Building Green
based on Instruction Technical Evaluation Building Green PUPR Ministry Regulation No. 1 Year
2022.

Figure 13. Modeling Industrial estates

 After the modeling process is carried out in BIM to obtain more volume calculations accurately
and estimate the costs involved, next all of the outputs implemented in Blockchain with the same
rules using a blank Owner SDK (Software Development Kit) in the interface user application,
testing No will speak about How application interact with blockchain in parts this. Focused
prototype test on structure system when own interface user, and How to handle the obtained CSV
format data from application to blockchain and interface details user for implement the same
function with SDK Owner.
The connection between the two applications and the code chain is shown in Figure 15. Instead
of using processed data determined previously with operate method initLedgedr (ctx) when making
network blockchain, in the Node.js web application, process data is obtained via CSV file format.
To ensure data consistency, only one side of the application (i.e. owner) can upload 5D BIM-
based data. 5D BIM based data is retrieved from file.csv via application client and stored in
blockchain. This method makes the system more flexible and practical. The next subchapter details
how the 5D BIM based data flow takes place in the system.

5. Result and Discussion

Application Application for

file .csv for Owner Contractor

Network
of Blockchain

Figure 14. Whole connection system on the Node.js web application

After creating an a.csv file, 5D BIM-based data is uploaded from the.csv file to the app's back-
end client/owner:
1. the data is sent to the network blockchain through chain code.
2. To get saved in a manner unique on the blockchain, each process data is added with the key so-
called unique process number.
3. the data is then displayed on the second front-end application through the back-end of the
application.
4. Every action-valid data modification that is operated on by the user is sent to the code chain
through the back end.
Application Web Owner Application Web Contractor

Figure 15. Second Front-end Dataless Web Application (Displayed in browser)

Front-end without data from the second application each shown in Figure 17. After clicking the
Import to blockchain button from the indicated client web application in Figure 17, data is imported
from a file in CSV format, sent to blockchain, and sent returned to the second application from
Blockchain.
 Figure 16. Interface from several actions in the app

Figure 17. Implementation from .csv files to the back-end

Figure 18. Implementation from back-end to Blockchain

Figure 19. Implementation from Blockchain to Back-end

Figure 20. Implementation from Back-end to Front-end

Figure 21. Part of transaction logs on Smart contracts

Table 1. Performance Assessment of the Utilization Stage in Retrofitting Region based on the
Minister of PUPR's Technical Guidelines No.1 of 2022
No. Criteria Point No. Criteria Point
1 Public Transportation 1 57 Sharing road equipped with speed bumps 1
2 Vehicle electric battery charging 1 58 Road signs or markers 1
3 Bicycle parking lots 1 59 Min. 50% of road sections share trees 1
4 Environmental Management Documents 1 60 Min. 50% of road sections share trees 1
5 Document on water-saving efforts 1 61 Outdoor Space > 30% of the total area 3
6 Document on energy-saving efforts 1 62 Land by Government Spatial Plan 3
7 Area improvement effort document 1 63 Development of areas not on productive land 2
8 Document on waste management efforts 1 64 Area soil pollution investigation 1
9 Document on waste management efforts 1 65 Land revitalization is negative. 2
10 Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) Doc. 1 66 Retain min. 50% natural landforms. 2
11 Master plan area 1 67 Min. 30% of the area's surface for rainwater. 2
12 Performance management area 1 68 Min. 10% using porous covers 1
13 Inspection of area infrastructure and facilities 1 69 Green vegetation min. 20% area 2
14 SOP emergency response 1 70 Alternative water sources min. 10% 1
15 Maintenance manager training 2 71 Whole area water meters 1
16 Soft skills training 1 72 Min. 1% catchment area 1
17 Local architecture design 2 73 Min. 1 communal wastewater treatment 1
18 Preservation of heritage areas and buildings 2 74 Min. 1 communal garbage 1
19 20% local raw materials (0-20 km radius) 3 75 Min. 1 communal waste composter 1
20 Consumption plants (min. 10% of green space) 1 76 Min. 1 waste collection device 1
21 Drainage with flood ≤ 30cm, receding ≤ 2 hours 1 77 Min. 1 temporary waste storage 1
22 Periodic blackout-free power grid 2 78 Min. 1 Waste recycling 1
23 Information and communication networks. 2 79 Waste management organization 1
24 Facilities are in good condition. 2 80 Infrastructure lighting area 2
25 Min. 10% of the area of the facility 1 81 Facility lighting area 1
26 Maintenance of regional road facilities & 1 82 There is a use of alternative water sources of at 2
infrastructure least 10%
27 Green lanes on-road facilities and infrastructure 1 83 Note of work application 2
28 Path of Sharing in a Residential Environment 1 84 Renewable materials min. 10% of material cost 2
29 Shared beneficial path 1 85 Do not use materials that affect health 2
30 Min. 50 street trees per 10 meters 1 86 Facilities and infrastructure meet the law 1
31 There is >30% green space from the total area of 3 87 Reuse of used materials min. 10% of the total 1
the whole area cost
32 Land area according to Government Spatial Plan 2 88 The entire area uses water meters 1
32 Construction does not interfere with activities 2 89 Not using productive land 1
33 Project innovation toward 'green' area 2 90 There is a soil pollution investigation 1
improvement
34 Efficient construction equipment 1 91 Negative value land revitalization 2
35 Safety against tool use 1 92 Min. 50% natural terrain 2
36 Management of construction waste piles 1 93 Min. 30% infiltration surface area 1
37 Green construction process document 1 94 Min. 10% porous land cover 2
38 Work handover document 1 95 There is green vegetation with a canopy area of 2
min. 20% of the area
39 Government spatial plant drawing document 1 96 Min. 1% water catchment area 1
40 Evaluation of waste management utilization 3 97 There is a communal wastewater treatment 1
plant
41 Evaluation of water consumption utilization 3 98 There is at least 1 communal waste disposal 1
facility
42 Evaluation of local material utilization 3 99 Min. 1 waste composter facility 1
43 Evaluation of electricity consumption utilization 3 100 There is at least 1 polling station 1
44 Evaluation of Outdoor Space function utilization 3 101 There is 1 waste recycling building 1
45 If only 50% of the lights are illuminated, the 2 102 There is an organization that manages the waste 1
score is 1 point." in the area
46 Green lanes on-road facilities and infrastructure 1 103 There is the use of renewable electrical energy 2
as required sources
47 Local architecture for building and area design 2 104 Facilities and infrastructure comply with laws 2
and regulations
48 Preservation of cultural heritage buildings 2 105 Use of 10% reused materials 2
49 20% local materials 2 106 Roads in residential neighborhoods 1
50 Planting of consumption of crops min. 10% 2 107 Sharing the road with speed bumps 1
51 Drainage reliability to manage water logging 2 108 There are road signs 1
52 Regional power grid free of periodic blackouts 2 109 There is a use of renewable electricity sources 2
53 Disruption-free information. and comm. networks 2 110 Project implementation record 1
 No. Criteria Point No. Criteria Point
54 Vehicle electric battery charging 2 111 Min. 10% of the area for MSEs 1
55 Improvements to increase tenant satisfaction 4 112 There are road operations within the area 1
56 Maintenance and care accoding to evaluation 4 113

Table 2. Performance Assessment of Demolition Stage in Retrofitting Region based on the Minister
of PUPR's Technical Guidelines No.1 of 2022
No. Criteria Point No. Criteria Point
1 Min. 30% infiltration surface area 1 4 At least 1 communal waste disposal facility 1
2 Min. 10% porous land cover 2 5 Project implementation record 1
3 There is a communal wastewater treatment plant 1 6 If only 50% of the lights are illuminated 2
Table 3. Work Improvement Cost Base On Green Retrofitting Assessment
Budget Cost Before Budget Cost Become Green Retrofitting Region (IDR)
Work Improvement Base on the Minister of PUPR's
No Green Retrofitting
Technical Guidelines No.1 of 2022 Assessment
Region (IDR) Primary Middle Main
1 SOP Management & Policy Document Work 968,000,000 1,633,000,000 1,633,000,000 1,693,000,000
2 Customization Planning Work 1,400,000,000 1,400,000,000 1,400,000,000 1,760,000,000
3 Area Maintenance and Service Work 300,000,000 972,000,000 972,000,000 972,000,000
4 Regional Road Infrastructure Work 10,203,466,232 10,203,466,232 10,203,466,232 10,203,466,232
5 Regional Drainage Channel Infrastructure Work 10,664,813,790 10,664,813,790 10,664,813,790 10,664,813,790
6 Landscaping Work 96,000,000 96,000,000 96,000,000 120,000,000
7 Area Utility Work:
- Bus stop - - 22,300,000 22,300,000
-Charging Station - - 35,750,000 35,750,000
- Lighting 705,000,000 1,645,000,000 1,645,000,000 1,645,000,000
- Water Storage Pool (Pond) - 780,000,000 780,000,000 1,040,000,000
- Temporary Garbage Shelter 14,750,000 14,750,000 24,750,000 24,750,000
- Waste Management Building (STP) - - - 155,000,000
- Garbage Composter building - - 186,000,000 186,000,000
- Garbage Recycling Building - - 148,000,000 148,000,000
- Mini market / Cooperative Building - - 202,500,000 202,500,000
8 Include Points No. 4-6 Include Points No. 4- Include Points No. 4-6 Include Points No. 4-
Implementation Report
6 6
9 Utilization Evaluation Include Point No. 3 Include Point No. 3 Include Point No. 3 Include Point No. 3
TOTAL (IDR) 24,352,030,022 27,409,030,022 28,013,580,022 28,872,580,022
DEVIATION COST BEFORE GREEN RETROFITTING – BECOME GREEN
3,057,000,000 3,661,550,000.00 4,520,550,000
RETROFITTING (IDR)
DEVIATION (%) 11.15% 13.07% 15.66%
 Table 4. Work Improvement Cost Base On Green Retrofitting Assessment with Blockchain-BIM Method Implementation
Work Improvement Base on the Budget Cost Budget Cost Become Green Retrofitting Region Budget Cost With Blockchain-BIM Method
N Minister of PUPR's Before Green (IDR) Implementation (IDR)
o Technical Guidelines No.1 of 2022 Retrofitting
Primary Middle Main Primary Middle Main
Assessment Region (IDR)
1 SOP Management & Policy Document 968,000,000 1,633,000,000 1,633,000,000 1,693,000,000 1,584,010,000 1,551,350,000 1,579,569,000
Work
2 Customization Planning Work 1,400,000,000 1,400,000,000 1,400,000,000 1,760,000,000 1,358,000,000 1,330,000,000 1,642,080,000
3 Area Maintenance and Service Work 300,000,000 972,000,000 972,000,000 972,000,000 942,840,000 923,400,000 906,876,000
4 10,203,466,232 10,203,466,232 10,203,466,232 10,203,466,23 9,897,362,245 9,693,292,920 9,519,833,994
Regional Road Infrastructure Work
2
5 Regional Drainage Channel 10,664,813,790 10,664,813,790 10,664,813,790 10,664,813,79 10,344,869,376 10,131,573,101 9,950,271,266
Infrastructure Work 0
6 Landscaping Work 96,000,000 96,000,000 96,000,000 120,000,000 93,120,000 91,200,000 111,960,000
7 Area Utility Work: -
- Bus stop - - 22,300,000 22,300,000 - 21,185,000 20,805,900
- Charging Station - - 35,750,000 35,750,000 - 33,962,500 33,354,750
- Lighting 705,000,000 1,645,000,000 1,645,000,000 1,645,000,000 1,595,650,000 1,562,750,000 1,534,785,000
- Water Storage Pool (Pond) - 780,000,000 780,000,000 1,040,000,000 756,600,000 741,000,000 970,320,000
- Temporary Garbage Shelter 14,750,000 14,750,000 24,750,000 24,750,000 14,307,500 23,512,500 23,091,750
- Waste Management Building (STP) - - - 155,000,000 - - 144,615,000
- Garbage Composter building - - 186,000,000 186,000,000 - 176,700,000 173,538,000
- Garbage Recycling Building - - 148,000,000 148,000,000 - 140,600,000 138,084,000
- Mini market / Cooperative Building - - 202,500,000 202,500,000 - 192,375,000 188,932,500
8 Includes No. 4-6 Includes No. 4-6 Includes No. 4-6 Includes No. 4- Includes No. 4-6 Includes No. 4-6 Includes No. 4-6
Implementation Report
6
9 Utilization Evaluation Includes No. 3 Includes No. 3 Includes No. 3 Includes No. 3 Includes No. 3 Includes No. 3 Includes No. 3
28,872,580,02
TOTAL (IDR) 24,352,030,022 27,409,030,022 28,013,580,022 26,586,759,121 26,612,901,021 26,938,117,161
2
DEVIATION COST BEFORE GREEN RETROFITTING –
3,057,000,000 3,661,550,000.00 4,520,550,000 2,234,729,099 2,260,870,999 2,586,087,139
BECOME GREEN RETROFITTING (IDR)
DEVIATION (%) 11.15% 13.07% 15.66% 8.41% 8.50% 9.60%
Conclusion
In this research, a review was carried out regarding cost performance in the retrofitting process
from existing Industrial Areas that were not yet green, to become Green Industrial Areas, with
reference based on the Minister of PUPR's Technical Guidelines No.1 of 2022. After the assessment
process was carried out on the industrial area based on the Minister of PUPR's Technical Guidelines
No.1 of 2022, providing commercial support buildings and supporting buildings related to
renewable energy such as; bus stops, charging stations for electric vehicles, street lighting using
solar panels, water storage ponds, waste storage areas, sewage treatment plans, waste composter
buildings, waste recycling buildings and cooperative buildings. After the assessment was carried
out, each rating had an increase from the existing condition to a primary rating of 11.15%, an
intermediate rating of 13.07%, and a primary rating of 15.66%.
According to (Sun et al., 2019) one of the problems that arise in the application of green
concepts such as the application of energy-saving systems, lighting, conservation and recycling of
water causes an increase in green construction costs (Retrofitting costs) of 10.77%. Based on the
assessment results of all assessment results the rating is above 10.77%, so it is referred to as
retrofitting. To lower the retrofitting costs, the blockchain-BIM method can be applied.
After implementing blockchain-BIM to lower the retrofitting costs of each category. An
increase in green construction costs was obtained for each rating from the existing condition to a
primary rating of 8.41% from the previous 11.15% (reduce 2.74%), medium rating of 8.50% from
the previous 13.07% (reduce 4.57%) and the main rating is 9.60% from the previous 15.66%
(reduce 6.06%). This is by what was stated by (Kfoury, 2021) , that the process reduces costs in
implementing blockchain-BIM by > 3%.
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