MANDATORY ASSIGNMENT SUBMISSION – APS I: HEALTH PARADIGMS

TEACHER:

STUDENT'S SURNAME AND FIRST NAME:

Commission :

GERM STAGE - EMERGENCE OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ERA

NOTE:

-BASED ON THE FUNDAMENTALS AND GUIDELINES THAT WERE PLANNED DURING THE GERM STAGE,
ALSO CALLED BACTERIOLOGICAL ERA. READ THE TEXT AND THEN ANSWER EACH ITEM.

- THE ACTIVITY IS DELIVERED, IN WORD FORMAT, WITH A MAXIMUM OF 2 LANES.

1) READ THE TEXT CAREFULLY

2) LIST THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THIS PERIOD.

Disadvantages:

1) Microbiology was created very late in relation to other sciences in the biological area.

2) The late recognition of the multiple activities deployed by microorganisms, attributed to the lack of
tools and techniques relevant to the use of tools.

3)The morbidity and mortality of the populations was determined by contamination of water, air and
land.

4) Suggesting that diseases were caused by microscopic organisms was a controversial opinion in the
19th century and opposed the accepted theory of "spontaneous generation."

5) The lack of knowledge, at that time, of the microbiological bases of infectious diseases delayed the
continuation of Jenner's studies for almost a century (I did studies on the importance of conducting
clinical follow-up studies of immunized patients)

Advantages:

1) The recognition of the microbial origin of fermentations.

2) The definitive abandonment of the idea of spontaneous generation.

3) A series of reliable experimental strategies appear (sterilization, pure cultures, improvement of
microscopic techniques, etc.).

4) The triumph of the germ theory of disease.

5) Several fundamental methodological advances

6) Technical innovations (culture methods, microscopy and staining)

7) It was Koch who demonstrated the principle of biological specificity of the infectious agent, that is,
each specific infectious disease is caused by a different type of bacteria.

8) Fleming developed and showed that not all bacterial species were equally sensitive to penicillin.

9) In the Bacteriological Era, the first vaccine was obtained based on attenuated microorganisms.

10) There was immunization against rabies.

11) Creation of the Pasteur Institute, which brought together a select group of scientists who would
focus their efforts on various aspects of immunizations and their biological bases.

3) CONSIDERING THE ESSENTIAL BASES AND THE CRITERIA OF THE APS. NOTE THAT FUNDAMENTAL
ASPECTS OF PRIMARY PREVENTION WERE CONSIDERED AND CARRIED OUT IN THIS PERIOD.

Considering the essential bases, Primary Health Care aims to promote and protect the population, a way
to anticipate the disease through preventive actions. Among them are Health Education, Immunizations
and Environmental Sanitation. As stated in the text, we can identify fundamental aspects of primary
prevention that were considered and carried out in this period.

- Attention to the protection of drinking water. (Environmental Sanitation)

- A process of heating foods such as (milk, wines, and other foods) called Pasteurization. (Protection
against microorganisms)

- Proper disposal of wastewater. (Environmental Sanitation)

- Elimination of insects and stagnant water. (Protection against insects and Environmental Sanitation)

- The simplification of complex problems both for prevention and cure.

- Technical innovations (culture methods, microscopy and staining) and the creation of the vaccine (La
Immunization)

With this we have some events in the Bacteriological Era that show us that since that time in society
there were already fundamental aspects of Primary Health Prevention.