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‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺔ ﻋﻘﺪ ﺍﻻﺋﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻣﺴﺎﻃﺮ‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻟﺔ‬


‫‪− -  . ,* * *K S- e, 73-17 yC T.$  %,-)* V 8 3  −‬‬
‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺔ ﻋﻘﺪ ﺍﻻﺋﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻣﺴﺎﻃﺮ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪ 73.17‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻟﺔ‪ :‬ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺿﻮﺀ ﻣﺴﺘﺠﺪﺍﺕ‬
‫‪. 2-34‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬
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55 - Cour de cassation française arrêt commercial 1er juillet 1997 bulletin civil 4 n°210 p104

89

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