07

rlaIK kS;sh
Law of Insurance

mqoa.,hkaf.a Ôú; yd foam, úúOdldrfha ndOdjkag" wúksYaÑ;;djhkag iy wjOdkï j,g

ksr;=rej ,lafõ' fufia Ôú; j,g yd foam, iïnkaOfhka mj;akd wúksYaÑ;;djh yd
wjOdkï lrk fldgf.k ´kEu wjia:djl§ tajd hï wk;=rlg m;aùfuka ydks isÿúh yelsh'
Ôú; j,g yd foam, j,g isÿjk ydks urKh" yÈis wk;=re" .skak" .xj;=r" l=Kdgq" iq<s iq<x"
N+ñ lïmd jeks fya;+ka ksid isÿ úh yelsh' fïjd wúksYaÑ; isoaëka jk w;r tajd isÿùfuka
mqoa.,hkaf.a Ôú; j,g yd foam, j,g ydks isÿfõ'

tneúka by; isoaëka ksid Ôú; j,g yd foam, j,g isÿúh yels wjOdkï j,ska wdrCId ùug
fyda isÿ jk ydks wju lr.ekSu msKsi we;s ms<shu jkafka zzrlaIKhhsZZ' rCIKfhys wruqK
jkafka wúksYaÑ; isoaëka isÿùu fya;= fldg f.k mqoa.,hl=g oeÍug isÿjkakdjQ ydks fyda
mdvq j,ska Tyqj wdrCId lsÍuhs' ta wkqj rCIKh hkq wdrCIdj ñ,§ .ekSu (Insurance is the
purchase of Security) f,i yeÈkaúh yel' fuys§ isÿ jkafka rCIKh ,nkakd tkï rCIs;
;ukag uqyqK§ug isÿúh yels wúksYaÑ; wjOdkula" hï uqo,la f.ùfuka tu wjOdkfï
j.lSu Ndr .ekSug leue;af;ka isák rCIl (Insurer) fj; mejÍuhs'

rCIK .súiqu (Contract of Insurance)

rCIK .súiqula fufia ks¾jpkh l< yel' zzhï ;eke;af;l=g rCIKh lsÍug ysñlula we;s
hï foam,la fyda Ôú;hla iïnkaOfhka isÿúh yels ydks j, wjOdku ±Íug uqo,auh
m%;sIaGdjla u; ;j;a a;eke;af;l= úiska Ndr .ekSuhs'ZZ

fï wkqj rCIKh ,nk wh rCIs; (insured or assured) jYfhkao" hï m%;sIaGdjla hgf;a

wjOdku i|yd jkaÈ f.ùu Ndr .kakd md¾Yjh rCIl (Insurer/assurer) jYfhkao yeÈkafõ'
rCIs; yd rCIl w;r mj;sk .súiqu rCIK Tmamqj (Insurance Policy) hkqfjka yeÈkafõ'
rCIK .súiqul§" rCIs; ;udg isÿúh yels wdmodjkaf.ka wdrCIdj ,nd .ekSf ï iy hï
wk;=rla isÿ jqjfyd;a Bg jkaÈ ,nd .ekSfï woyiska rCIlf.ka" rCIKhla ñ<§ .kshs'
rCIKh ñ,§ .ekSfïÈ rCIs;" rCIl fj; f.jk ñ, fyda m%;sIaGdj rCIK jdßlh (Insurance
Premium) f,i yeÈkafõ' fuu rCIK jdßl udislj" ff;%udislj fyda jd¾Islj f.jkq ,efí'

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YS% ,xldfõ rCIK kS;sfha uq,dY%

YS% ,xldfõ fhfok rCIK ks;sh .ek i,ld neÆ úg fmfkkqfha 1852 " wxl 5 orK bx.S%is
kS;sh ,xldjg y÷kajd§fï isú,a kS;s wd{d mkf;a ^3& j.ka;shg wkqj cSú; rCIK (life
insurance), .sks rCIKh (fire Insurance) yd kdúl rCIKh .súiqï md,kh flfrkafka bx.S%is
kS;s uQ,O¾u u.sks' ta wkqj cSú; .sks rCIK yd kdúl rCIK lghq;= ,xldfõ jHjia:d
1962$wxl 25 orK rCIK md,k mk; yd 1961$wxl 2 ork YS% ,xld rCIK ixia:d mkf;a
wvx.= úêúOdk j,g wkqj isÿfõ' ta iïnkaOj bx.S%is kS;sh fhfoa'

tfiau Y%S ,xldfõ yÈis wk;=re rCIK (Accident insurance) lghq;= iïnkaOfhka frdau
,kafoais kS;s uQ,O¾uhka wod, jk neõ Haniffa v. Ocean Accident Gurantee Co. Ltd ^1933& -
ykS*d t' ´Ika welaisvkaÜ .erkaá iud.u ^1933& kvqfõ§ ;Skaÿ úh' tys§ isÿ jqfha fld<U
msysá rCIK iud.ul rCIKh lr ;snQ f,dßhla uykqjr§ yÈis wk;=rlg Ndckh ù ydks
isÿúh' rCIK iud.u w,dN f.ùu m%;slafIam l< fyhska iud.ug úreoaOj kvq mjrkq ,eîh'
kvqj úi§ug wêlrK n,h we;af;a fld<U Èia;s%la Widúhgo ke;skï uykqjr Èia;%sla
Widúhgo hk m%Yakh mek keÕ=ks' ,xldfõ yÈis wk;=re rCIK lghq;= frdau ,kafoais kS;sh
hgf;a md,kh jk nj ;Skaÿ lrkq ,enQ wêlrKh" frdau ,kafoais kS;h
s g wkqj Khysñhd
uqo,a .ekSu i|yd Khlre fj; hdhq;= úh' rCIK iud.u fld<U msysá fyhska f,dßh
whs;slre ^Khysñ& iud.ug úreoaOj ^Kh.e;s& kvq mejßh hq;af;a uykqjr wêlrKfha fkdj
fld<U Èia;%sla Widúfha njg ;Skaÿ úh'

rCIKh yd wdrCIKh w;r fjki (Insurance Contract & Contract of Assurance)

ft;sydislj .;a l< m%:ufhkau Ndú;hg meñKsfha zzwdrCIKhZZ hk jpkhhs' ta wkqj Ôú;
rCIKh" wdrCIK f,i;a wfkl=;a rCIK .sks" kdúl" fidrlï wdÈh zzrCIKhZZ hk
jpkfhka yeÈkajqks' kuq;a j¾;udkfhaoS zzrCIKhZZ hk jpkfhka cSú; rCIKho we;=<;aj
ish¨u rCIK l%u yÿkajd fokq ,efí'

kuq;a zzwdrCIK .súiqïZZ yd zzrCIK .súiqïZZ w;r we;s fjkialï lsysmhla we;' tajd kï"

i. Ôú; rCIKfha§" wúksYaÑ; isoaêh wksjd¾fhkau isÿfõ' kuq;a th isÿ jk wjia:dj

l=ula±hs ksYaÑ;j mejish fkdyel' kuq;a rCIKfhaÈ wod, wúksYaÑ; isoaêh
wksjd¾hfhka isÿjkafka ke;'
ii. .sks" kdúl yd yÈis wk;=re rCIKfhaÈ isÿjkafka ydksmQ¾Kh lsÍuhs' fï hgf;a jkaÈ
f.jkafka foam, j,g isÿjQ ydksfha m%udKhgh' kuq;a cSú; rCIKfhaoS fuu ydksmQ¾K
uQ,O¾uh wod, fkdjk w;r ydksh weia;fïka;= fkdfldg uq¿ rCIs; jákdlu
f.jkq ,efí'

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iii. Ôú; rCIK .súiqï wLkavj meje;afjk §¾>ld,Sk tajd jk w;r wfkl=;a .súiqï j,
j,x.= ld, mßÉfþoh fndfyda úg jirls'
iv. Ôú; rCIKh hgf;a rCIs; úIh jia;=j zzukqIH Ôú;hlsZZ' wfkl=;a rCIK .súiqï
hgf;a rCIs; úIh jia;=j jkafka zzfoam,ZZhs'
v. Ôú; rCIK .súiqula wdrCIdj imhk w;r wdfhdackhlao fõ ' kuq;a wfkl=;a rCIK
l%u yqfola wdrCIdj muKla imhhs'

m%Odk rCIK uQ,O¾u (Fundamental Principles of Insurance)

rCIK .súiqï j,g mokï ù we;s m%Odk rCIK uQ,O¾u lsysmhls' tajd kï"

Wmßu úYajdih ms<sn| uQ,O¾uh (Principle of Utmost Good Faith)

ish¿u j¾.fha rCIK .súiqï Wmßu úYajdih u; mokï jQ tajdh' fuu Wmßu úYajdih hk
ixl,amh ,;ska isoaOdka;hla jk "Uberrimae fidei" hkafkka ìysjQjls'

fomd¾Yajhla .súiqulg we;=,;a ùfï§ .súiqug wod, hï hï oE ms<sn|j fy,s orõ lsÍu isÿfõ'
fuh lreKq lshd mEu (representation) f,i ye¢kafõ' kuq;a jxpksl lreKq ±laùula
(Misrepresentation) isÿù we;akï" wysxil md¾Yajhg wod, .súiqu m%;sfCIam lsÍfï whs;h
s
;sfí' kuq;a idudkHfhka .súiqulg wod, lreKq iïmQ¾Kfhkau fy,sorõ fkdlsÍu u;
muKla .súiqula m%;sfCIam lsÍug kqmq¿jk' Bg fya;=j" .súiqulg t<fUk tla md¾Yajhla Bg
wod, jk iEu lreKla ms<sn|ju wfkla md¾Yajh fj; fy,sorõ lsÍug ne£ fkdisàuhs'
tkï" .eKqïlre

m%fõiï úh hq;=h' (Caveat emptor) hk isoaOdka;h .súiqï kS;sh iïnkaOfhka b;du;a jeo.;a
jkakdjQ isoaOdka;hls' kuq;a fuu isoaOdka;h fjk;a .súiqï j,g n,mEj;a" rCIK .súiqï
j,g wod, fkdfõ'

idudkH .súiqï j,§ fomCIh w;r wjxl úYajdihla mej;sh hq;= njg kS;sh woyia lrhs'
kuq;a rCIK .súiqï j,§ wjxllu (bona Fidei) muKla ;sîfuka kS;sh iEySulg m;a fkdfõ'
rCIK .súiqula iïnkaOfhka mej;sh hq;= jkafka Bg jvd Wiia úYajdijka;Ndjhls' tkï
Wmßu úYajdihls' (Utomost Good Faith)

rCIK .súiqula iïnkaOfhka Wmßu úYajdih f,i woyia lrkafka" rCIs; úiska rCIK
.súiqug wod, jk ;ud okakd ish¿u jeo.;a f;dr;=re fkdiÕjd rCIl fj; ±kqï Èh hq;=
w;r wfkla w;g rCIl úiska okakd rCIK .súiqu iïnkaOfhka jeo.;a jk ish¿ f;dr;=re
rCIs; fj; bÈßm;a l, hq;=h' fjk;a jpk j,ska lshf;d;a rCIK i|yd bÈßm;a lrk j.lSu
Ndr .; hq;=o ke;skï m%;sfCIam l, hq;=o hkak ;SrKh lsÍug rCIlg wjYH jk iEu
f;dr;=rlau rCIs; úiska fkdiÕjd ±laúh hq;h
= '

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Wmßu úYajdih ms<sn| uQ,O¾uh Ôú; rCIKh we;=¿ wka ish¿u rCIK j¾. flf¾ tlfia
n,mdhs' th rCIK kS;shg wod, fmdÿ kS;shls'

rCIK kS;shg wkqj rCIK .súiqug we;=,a ùug fmr rCIs; úiska fhdackd m;%hla iïmQ¾K
lr rCIl fj; bÈßm;a lrhs' rCIl tu fhdackd m;%h ms<s.;fyd;a túg rCIK .súiqu
iïmQ¾K fõ' fhdackd m;%fha i|yka jk m%Yak j,g ms<s;=re §fï§" rCIs; úiska ksjerÈ
f;dr;=re iemhsh hq;=h' kuq;a rCIK .súiqug wod, jeo.;a lreKla iïnkaOfhka wi;H
f;dr;=re" rlaIs; úiska bosßm;a lr ;sfí kï tjeks jfgl wod< .súiqu wj,x.= lsÍug o
Tmamqj hgf;a l< hq;= hï f.úula meyer yeÍug o rlaIlg whs;sh ;sfí'

rCIK ysñlu (Insurable Interest)

iEu whs;sjdislulau fyda foam,lau rCIKh l< yels neõ kS;sh úiska ms<s.kq fkd,efí'
hful=g" hï foam,la fyda mqoa.,hdf.a meje;au fya;= fldg f.k uqo,ska ueksh yels hï
jdishla iy th ke;s ùu fya;= fldg f.k uqo,ska ueksh yels w,dNhla isÿúh hq;=h' fuh
rCIK ysñlu f,i ye¢kafõ' fufia hï mqoa.,fhl=" ;j;a mqoa.,fhl=f.a Ôú;hla fyda
foam,la rCIKh lsÍug kï wksjd¾fhkau ta iïnkaOfhka kS;suh iïnkaO;djhla mej;sh
hq;=h'

ta wkqj hï foam,l ysñlrefjl=g" tu foam, iïnkaOfhka rCIK ysñlula mj;shs' wfkla

w;g hï mqoa.,fhl=" wod, foamf,a ysñlre fkdjqk;a" tu foam, meje;au fya;= fldg f.k
;udg hï wdldrhl uqo,ska ueksh yels jdishla isÿfõ kï" tu ;eke;a;dgo Tyq tu foamf,a
kshu ysñlre fkdjqk;a" ta ms<sn|j rCIK ysñlula mj;shs'

ydksmQ¾Kh ms<sn| uQ,O¾uh (Principle of Indimnity)

ydksmQ¾Kh hk jpkfhka woyia jkafka isÿ jQ mdvqj iïnkaOfhka wdrCIdj ie,iSu hkakhs'
tkï hï rCIs; foam,la wk;=rg m;a ùfuka" hï mdvqjla ±Íug rCIs;g isÿ jqjfyd;a" Tyq
mQ¾j wk;=re ;;a;ajhg m;a lsÍu i|yd isÿjQ ydkshg iudk jkaÈ uqo,la rCIl úiska rCIs;
fj; m%odkh lsÍuhs' idudkHfhka Ôú; rCIK iy yÈis wk;=re rCIKh yerekq úg wfkl=;a
iEu rCIK .súiqï j¾.hla i|ydu ydksmQ¾K uQ,O¾uh wod< fõ'

tkï hï foam,la iïnkaOfhka rCIK Tmamqfõ i|yka hï fya;=jla ksid Bg ydks isÿjqj
fyd;a tu isÿjq ydkshg iudk uqo,la jkaÈ jYfhka m%odkh lsÍuhs' fuysoS ,nd .; yels Wmßu
jkaos uqo, jkafka rlaIKh lrk foamf,a jákdlu f,i rlaIK Tmamqfõ i|ykaj we;s w.hhs'

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wdikaku fya;=j (Causa Proxima)

hï foam,la fyda cSú;hla iïnkaOfhka ydkshla isÿjQ úg ta i|yd jkaÈ ,nd .; yelafla "
rCIK Tmamqfõ i|ykaj we;s hï fya;=jla wdikak jYfhka tlS Ôú;h fyda foam, úkdYù
hdug fya;= jQ úg§ h' fuu wdikaku fya;=j hk moh ,;ska isoaOdka;hla jk ''Causa proxima
non remota spectaur'' ;=,ska ìys jQjls' rCIs; foam,g ydks isÿ ùug wdikak;u f,i fya;=
jQfha rCIK Tmamqfõ i|yka hï fya;=jla kï tjeks úgl tu foam, ydksùu iïnkaOfhka
rCIs; fj; jkaÈ msßkefï' hï ydkshla isÿùu iïnkaOfhka fya;= lsym
s hla ;sìh yel' kuq;a
fuys§ tu ydksh isÿùu jvd;a fõ.j;a lsÍug n,mE fya;=j l=ulao hkak ms<sn|j wjOdkh
fhduq lrkafka ke;' fuys§ i,ld n,kafka wod, ydksh isÿùug fya;=jQ kshu ldrKdj l=ulao
hkak ms<sn|j hs'

wdfoaYkh ms<sn| uQ,O¾uh (Principle of Subrogation)

zzwdfoaYkhZZ hkqfjka woyia jkafka tla wfhl= fjkqjg ;j;a wfhl= wdfoaY lsÍu hkakhs'
fuh rCIK .súiqï iïnkaOfhka o wod, fõ' tkï hï ydkshla rCIs; foamf,a úIh jia;=jg
isÿjq úgl§" rCIs; ;ud iy f;jk md¾Yjh w;r we;s ish¿u whs;sjdislï yd m%;sl¾u
iïnkaOfhka l%shd lsßfï n,h ;ud fjkqjg rCIl fj; mejÍuhs'

tkï rCIK Tmamqfõ úIh jia;=jg hï Wmøjhla ksid isÿjQ ydksh i|yd rCIK wdh;kh
rCIs; fj; jkaÈ f.jd ;sfí kï" tjeks úgl§ f;jk md¾Yjhka iuÕ we;s ish¿ whs;sjdislï
iy m%;sl¾u ls%hdjg kexùfï n,h rCIs; úiska rCIK wdh;kh fj; mejÍuhs' tkï rCIK
wdh;kh" rCIs; fjkqfjka" f;jk md¾Yjhg tfrysj kvq mjrd jkaÈ ,nd .ekSuhs'

kuq;a fuu uq,O¾uh" Ôú; yd yÈis wk;=re iïnkaOfhka wod< fkdfõ' fujeks rCIK .súiqï
hgf;a rCIs; fyda Tyq úiska kï lrk ,o ;eke;a;dg rCIk wdh;kh iy f;jk
md¾Yajfhkao ^w,dN isÿl< md¾Yajh& isÿjQ ydksh i|yd jkaÈ ,nd .; yel'

odhl;ajh uQ,O¾uh (Principle of Contribution)

hï foam,la" rCIK wdh;k lsysmhla fj; rCIKh lr we;s úg " tu foam,g hï ydkshla
isÿjqjfyd;a tu ydksh wkqmd;slj rCIK wdh;k lsysmhla úiska fnod .ekSuhs' ta wkqj fuu
uq,O¾uho " ydksmQ¾k uQ,O¾uh hgf;a tk Wm uQ,O¾uhla f,i ie,fla' fuh l%shd;aul l<
yelafla tlu úIh jia;=j iïnkaOfhka rCIK .súiqï folla fyda lssysmhlg rCIs; t<ô
we;s úg§h' kuq;a tu úIh jia;=j" rCIlhka lsysm fofkl= fj; rCIKh lrkq ,enqj;a
rCIs;g jkaÈ ,efnkqfha isÿjQ ydksfha m%udKhg muKs' fuys§ isÿjQ ydksh i|yd uq¿ jkaÈ uqo,
rCIs;hd fj; tla rCIK iud.ula úiska f.jkq ,nk w;r rCIs;g fjk;a rCIlhka fj;ska
jkaÈ ,nd .ekSfï wjia:dj wysñ fõ' bka wk;=rej odhl;ajh uQ,O¾uh ls%hd;aul jk w;r
tu úIh jia;=j rCIKh l< ish¿u rCIlhka tl;=ù f.jQ jkaÈh wkqmd;slj fnod .kq ,efí'

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fuu uQ,O¾uh ðú; rCIKh iïnkaOfhka wod< fkdfõ' fuu uQ,O¾uh ls%hd;aul lsßu
i|yd my; fldkafoais imqrd,sh hq;=h'

i. ish¿u rCIK Tmamq iïnkaOfhka " rCIs; tlu mqoa.,fhl= úh hq;=h'

ii. rCIKh lrk ,o úIh jia;=j" ish¿u Tmamq iïnkaOfhka tlla úh hq;=h' kuq;a
rCIKh lrk ,o jákdlu Tmamq tlssfklg fjkia úh yel'
iii. rCIKh lrk ,o isoaëka fyda wjOdkï ish¿u Tmamq iïnkaOfhka iudk úh hq;=h'
iv. wod< ydksh isÿ jk úg ish¿u Tmamq j,x.= mej;sh hq;=h'

Y%S ,xldfõ mj;sk úúO rCIK l%u

rCIKh lrkq ,nk foamf,ys iajNdjh wkqj rCIK j¾. rdYshla ls%hd;aul fõ' fuu úúOjQ
rCIK j¾.hka m%Odk jYfhka fldgia 02 lg fnÈh yel'

1. Ôú; rCIKh (Life Insurance)

2. idudkH rCIKh (General Insurance)

cSú; rCIKh

ukqIH ðú;h iïnkaOfhka t<fUkq ,nk rCIK .súiqï fï j._hg wh;afõ' ðú; rCIK
.súiqula hkq rCIs; úiska jdßlh jYfhka f.jkq ,nk uQ,Huh m%;sIaGdjlg rCIs; fj; fyda
rCIs; úiska kï lrk ,o ;eke;af;l=g"rCIs;f.a urKh isÿ jQ wjia:dj fyda wod, rCIK
Tmamqj l,a msrekq wjia:dj hk isoaëka foflka m<uqfjka isÿ jk isoaêh lrk fldgf.k
.súiqï .; uqo,la rCIl úiska f.ùug tlÕjkakdjQ .súiquls'ðú; rCIK .súiqï j,
úfYaI;ajhla jkafka tajd iïnkaOfhka rCIKfha tk ydksmQ¾Kh uQ,O¾uh wod, fkdùuhs'
ukao ukqIHfhl= urKhg m;aùfï mdvqj uqo,ska weia;fïka;= lsÍug fkdyel'fï wkqj
ðú;hla ke;sùu ydksmQ¾Kh l< fkdyel' ta wkqj ðú; rCIK .súiqula ydksmQ¾K .súiqula
fkdjk w;r fuysÈ rCIl rCIs; fj; fmdfrdkaÿ jkafka rCIs;f.a urKh fyda Tmamqj l,a
msÍu fya;= fldg f.k .súiqï.; uqo, " rCIs; fj; fyda hefmkakka fj; f.jkq ,nk njhs'

mjdrK w.h (Surrender Value)

fuh Ôú; rCIK Tmamq iïnkaOfhka jeo.;a jkakdjQ ixl,amhls' Ôú; rCIK Tmamqjl
mjdrK w.h f,i ie,flkafka Ôú; rCIK Tmamqjla iïnkaOfhka jdßl f.ùu" Tmamqj l,a
msÍug fmr hï rCIs;fhl= w; yer ±uqjfyd;a" f.ùug tlÕjk uqo,hs' fuu whs;sjdislu"
hï rCIs;fhl=g ysñ jkafka Tyq hï wju ld,mßÉfþohla Wfoid wLKavj jdßl f.jd ;sfí
kïh' fuu ld,mßÉfþoh ms<sn| rCIK Tmamqfõ i|yka fõ' fuu mjdrK w.h .Kkh lrkq
,nkafka f.jk ,o uq¿ jdßl j, jákdlfï m%;Y
s ;hla f,ih'

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f.jd ksñ w.h (Paidup Value)

fuho" Ôú; rCIK Tmamq iïnkaOfhka .;a l< b;d jeo.;a jkakdjQ ixl,amhls' Ôú; rCIK
Tmamqjl f.jd ksñ w.h f,i ye¢kafjkafka" hï Ôú; rCIK Tmamq ysñfhl= Ôú; rCIK
Tmamqjla Wfoid iEfyk ld,iSudjla ^mjdrK w.h& jdßl f.jd we;s úg§ iy Tyqg ;jÿrg;a
jdßl f.ùug fkdyels kï tjeks úgl uQ,sl rCIK Tmamqfõ jákdlu" f.jd ksñ w.h olajd
wvq lrkq ,efí' túg Ôú; rCIK Tmamqfõ jákdlu jkafka uQ,sl rCIK Tmamqfõ jákdlu
fkdj Tmamqfjys f.jd ksñ w.hhs'

kuq;a Tmamqfõ f.jd ksñ w.h rCIs; fj; ,nd fokafka Tmamqj l,a msrekq úg§ fyda rCIs;
ñh .sh úg§ hk isoaëka foflka uq,ska isÿ jkakdjQ isoaêh fya;= fldgf.kh'

idudkH rCIKh

fï hgf;a m%Odk rCIK j¾. 03 la ;sfí' tkï" .sks rCIKh" kdúl rCIKh iy úúO fjk;a
rCIK j¾.hka h'

.sks rCIKh (Fire Insurance)

.sks rCIK .súiqï iïnkaOfhka Y%S ,xldfõ wod, jkafka bx.%Sis kS;s uQ,O¾uhs' .sks rCIK
Tmamqjla hkqfjka ye¢kafjkafka rCIs; úiska f.jkq ,nk jdßlh kï uqo,a m%;sIaGdjla Wfoid
hï ksYaÑ; ld,mßÉfþohla ;=,§ we;s jQ yÈis .skakla fya;=fldgf.k rCIs;f.a rCIKh
lrk ,o foam, j,g isÿjQ ydksh i|yd jkaÈ uqo,la" hï ksYaÑ; Wmßu iSudjlg hg;aj
f.ùug rCIl tlÕ;ajh m<lsÍuhs'

fuu .súiqï" rCIs;f.a foam, j,g .skak ksid isÿ jQ ydksh mQ¾Kh lsÍu Wfoid we;s lrk
,o .súiqï j¾.hls' yÈis .sks .ekSula ksid rCIs;f.a foam,g ydkshla isÿ jqjfyd;a" tys§
m%odkh l, yels Wmßu jkaÈ uqo, fldmuKo hkak rCIK Tmamqfõ i|yka fõ' kuq;a .sks
rCIK Tmamqfõ i|yka jQ jákdlug jvd jeä ydkshla foam, j,g isÿ jqjfyd;a túg" rCIl"
rCIs; fj; f.jkqfha rCIK Tmamqfõ olajd we;s m%udKhg wod, jkaÈ uqo, muKs'

.sks rCIK Tmamqjla hgf;a" jkaÈ ,efnkqfha iDcqju .skak ksid isÿ jQ ydks j,g iy .skafkys
m%;sM,hla f,i isÿjQ ydks i|yd muKs' fuys§ .skafka m%;m
s ,hla f,i we;s jk ydks hkq"
 .skak uev meje;aùug W;aidy lsÍfï§ isÿjk ydks
 .skafkka foam, fírd .ekSfï fÉ;kdfjka tajd bj;a lsÍfï§ isÿ jk ydks
 .skak ksid wi,ajeis ksjilg isÿ jk ydks
 .skak w;r;=r isÿjk fidrlï jeks oE

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kdúl rCIKh (Marine Insurance)

kdúl rCIKh ke;fyd;a uqyqÿ Wjÿre rCIKh f,i ye¢kafjkafka rCIs; f.jkq ,nk
jdßlh kñka ye¢kafjk uqo,auh m%;sIaGdjlg rCIs;f.a kej fyda tys f.k hk NdKav j,g
uqyqÿ Wjÿre fya;=fjka isÿ jkakdjQ ydks i|yd jkaÈ f.ùug rCIl úiska tlÕjkakd jQ
.súiquls' fuu rCIK .súiqï j¾.ho ydksmQ¾K .súiqï .Khg jefÜ' fuys§ uqyÿq Wjÿre fya;=
fldg rCIs;f.a kejg fyda NdKav j,g isÿjkakdjQ ydksfha m%udKh weia;fïka;= fldg jkaÈ
f.jkq ,efí' fndfyda úg kdúl rCIKh l%shd;aul jkafka uqyqfoa§ isÿ jk wjOdkï
iïnkaOfhka muKs'

fudag¾ r:jdyk rCIKh (Motor Vehicles Insurance)

Y%S ,xldfõ l%shd;aul jk fudag¾ r:jdyk mk;g wkqj" fudag¾ r:hla Y%S ,xldj ;=, Odjkh
lsÍug kï tu r:h i|yd wju jYfhka f;jk mCI rCIKhlaj;a (Third Party Insurance)
,nd f.k ;sìh hq;=h' fuys m%Odk mrud¾:h jkafka f;jk md¾Yajhkaf.a whs;sjdislï wdrCId
lsÍuhs' tkï ßhÿfrl=f.a fkdie,ls,su;aNdjh ksid ßh wk;=rla isÿ ùfuka mdf¾ .uka
.kakd u.Skaf.a Ôú; j,g yd foam, j,g ydks isÿ jqjfyd;a túg fï hgf;a rCIK wdh;kh
úiska tu f;jk md¾Yajhka fj; jkaÈ f.jkq ,efí'

kuq;a f;jk mCI rCIK Tmamqjla ;=,ska wod, r:hg" tys ßhÿreg yd .uka .kakd whg isÿ
jk ydks iïnkaOfhka jkaÈ f.jkq fkd,efí' fufia hï wk;=rla fya;=fldg jdykfha .uka
.kakd whg" ßhÿreg yd jdykhg isÿ jk ydks i|yka jkaÈ ,nd .ekSug wjYH kï jvd;a
mq¿,a fudag¾ r: rCIK Tmamqjla (Comprechensire Insurance) ,nd .ekSug hï md¾Yajhlg
yelshdj ;sfí' kuq;a ta i|yd f.úh hq;= jdßl uqo," wju f;jk mCI Tmamqjlg f.úh hq;=
jdßlhg jvd jeä uqo,ls'

rCIK .súiqulaa yd TÜgq .súiqula w;r we;s fjki

(Difference between Contract of Insurance & Wagering Contract)

i. rCIK .súiqula lvlsÍu iïnkaOfhka kS;u

s h mshjr .; yel' kuq;a TÜgq .súiqula
lv lsßu iïnkaOfhka kvq mejÍug fkdyel' rCIK jHdmdrh jdksc fCI;%fha m%Odk
Wmldrl fiajdjla jk w;r rCIK .súiqï ls%hd;aul lsßu iïnkaOfhka kS;sfhka
/ljrKh ,efí' kuq;a wêlrKh TÜgq .súiqï ls%hd;aul fkdlrk w;r TÜgq
we,a,Sfuka mrdchg m;ajQ whg yd jxpdjg ,lajQ whg kS;suh mshjr .; fkdyel'
ii. TÜgq .súiqul§ mdvqjla isÿùu ms<sn|j wjOdkula ;sfí' kuq;a rCIK .súiqul
mrud¾:h jkafka wjodkï we;s lsßu fkdj hï ydkshla isÿjqjfyd;a Bg jkaÈ f.ùug
úêúOdk ie,eiaùuhs '

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iii. TÜgq .súiqulg hful= we;=¿ jkafka ;u foam, ;j ;j;a jeä lr .ekSfï wruqfKks'
kuq;a rCIK .súiqulg we;=,;a ùfï mrud¾:h jkafka ;uka i;= foam, wdrCId lr
.ekSuhs'
iv. hï mqoa.,fhl=g ´kEu fohla iïnkaOfhka TÜgq we,a,Sug mq¿jk' kuq;a iEu fohlau
rCIKh l< fkdyel'
v. TÜgq .súiqulg t<öfï§;a" rCIK .súiqulg t<öfï§;a tla;rd iudk;ajhla mj;shs'
tkñ .súiqï j¾. fol hgf;a§u i,ld n,kqfha ksYaÑ;j fkdokakd wkd.; isoaëka
isÿùu ms<sn|jhs'