BHUTANESE

ARCHITECTURE
GUIDELINES

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 ELEMENTS IN BHUTANESE
ARCHITECTURE
• Architectural elements in traditional
Bhutanese architecture enhance or upgrade
the hierarchy and values of a design. The
architectural elements in traditional
Bhutanese architecture may be divided into
two categories. They are the following:
• 1) Main Architectural Elements and
• 2) Secondary Architectural Elements.

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 MAIN ARCHITECTURAL
ELEMENTS
• The Main Architectural
Elements are those that are
mainly structural elements
and are commonly found in
traditional Bhutanese
architecture. The following
elements are categorized
under Main Architectural
Elements in this Guidelines:
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SECONDARY ARCHITECTURAL
ELEMENT
• Secondary Architectural
Elements are those that are
usually installed to enhance
aesthetics and create higher
standards of hierarchy and
value in traditional
Bhutanese architecture. The
following elements are
included under this
category:
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MAIN ARCHITECTURAL SECONDARY ARCHITECTURAL
ELEMENTS ELEMENT
• 1) Bogh
• 1. Kachen (column) • 2) Phana
• 2. Zhu (capital) • 3) Pem
• 3. Jadhang Tazi • 4) Choetse
• 4. Payab Gochu • 5) Tshechu Kha-Nyim
(windows) • 6) Norbu Bagum
• 5. Mago (doors) • 7) Norbu Horzhu
• 6. Rabsel • 8) Gyetsa
• 7. Chimtog (Roof) • 9) Keymar
• 10) Nyim Khep
•
• 11) Sertog
• 12) Gyeltshen
• 13) Lhadhar
• 14) Mythical Animal Sculptures
•
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 MAIN ARCHITECTURAL
ELEMENTS

1.KACHEN (COLUMN)

2.ZHU (CAPITAL)

3.JADHANG TAZI

4.PAYAB GOCHU
(WINDOWS)

5.MAGO (DOORS)

6.RABSEL

7.ROOF
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 Gantey Goenpa Kachen & Zhu (Picture: Dorji Yangki)

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 KACHEN AT TRASHICHODZONG Drey (head)

Chem (prayer beads)

Raep (shoulder)

Kaw (post/pillar)

Dema Lhakhang, Thimphu (Picture: Dorji Yangki)

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90
SQUARE –SHAPED KACHEN

Punakha Dzong Square Kachens

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 12 CORNER KACHEN

Kachen at the Entrance of Gantey Goenpa

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CIRCULAR–SHAPED KACHEN

Circular shaped Kachens at Semtokha Dzong

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OCTAGONAL –SHAPED KACHEN

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 HORGO PAYAB DRAWING DETAILS

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 HORGO PAYAB DRAWING DETAILS

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 TECHNICAL DRAWING DETAILS OF A MAGO DOOR

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 TYPICAL
• WOODEN WINDOW AND DOOR DETAILS

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 TYPICAL DETAILS – WOOD

R or R' = 40, 35, 30 or 25 Depending Upon Shutter Thickness

Fig. 1 : Standard Sections of Wooden Windows, Doors and Ventilator Frames
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 Fig. 2 : Detail of Fixing of Wooden Frame to Wall

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 Fig. 3 : Meeting of Stiles for Double Leaved Shutters

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 Fig. 4 Glazing/Sash Bar Detail

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Fig. 5 Common Methods of Joining Panels with Stiles/Rails with or without Beading

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 CHAPTER 1A
WINDOW DETAILS

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 RECOMMENDED OPENING SIZES – WINDOWS

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References
1. IS:1038-1983 Specifications for Steel, Doors,
Windows And Ventilators.
2. IS:4021-1983 Specifications for Timber, Door,
Window And Ventilator Frames.
3. IS:4351-1976 Specifications for Steel Doors Frames.
4. IS:1038-1983 Specifications for Steel, Doors,
Windows And Ventilators.
5. IS:7452-1982 Specifications for Hot Rolled Steel
Sections For, Doors Windows And Ventilators.
6. IS:2202-(Part-2) Specifications for Wooden Flush
Door Shutters 1983
7. IS:1003-(Part-1) Specifications for Timber
Panelled And Glazed Shutters 1991
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 1.93X.86
LEDGED AND BRACED DOOR SQM SIZE
LEDGED AND BRACED DOOR SL
NO DESCRIPTION NO L B H QNTY UNIT RATE AMOUNT
1 TIMBER
PLANKS(FACE) 1 1.93 0.86 0.03 0.05 CUM
LEDGES 3 0.8 0.15 0.05 0.018 CUM
BRACES 2 1 0.1 0.05 0.01 CUM
5% WASTE 0.078 CUM
5% FOR
OVERLAPPING
JOINTS 0.008 CUM
2 FITTINGS
TOWER BOLTS
20CM 2 2 EACH
STRAP HINGES 3 3 EACH
STEEL HANDLE 2 2 EACH
WOODEN CLEAT 2 2 EACH
HINGE 2.5CM FOR
CLEAT 2 2 EACH
SCREWS 40MM 30 30 EACH
SCREWS 20MM 50 50 EACH

NAILS, PUTTY ETC L.S L.S L.S

3 LABOUR
MASON 0.1 0.1 EACH
CARPENTER 1.5 1.5 EACH
HELPER 1.5 1.5 EACH
GLUE,T % P,
SUNDRIES ETC LS LS

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 LEDGED AND BRACED DOOR 1.93X.86 SQM SIZE
SL
NO DESCRIPTION NO L M H QNTY UNIT RATE AMOUNT
1 TIMBER
PLANKS(FACE) 1 1.93 0.86 0.03 0.05 CUM
LEDGES 3 0.8 0.15 0.05 0.018 CUM
BRACES 2 1 0.1 0.05 0.01 CUM
5% WASTE 0.078 CUM
5% FOR OVERLAPPING
JOINTS 0.008 CUM
2 FITTINGS
TOWER BOLTS 20CM 2 2 EACH
STRAP HINGES 3 3 EACH
STEEL HANDLE 2 2 EACH
WOODEN CLEAT 2 2 EACH
HINGE 2.5CM FOR CLEAT 2 2 EACH
SCREWS 40MM 30 30 EACH
SCREWS 20MM 50 50 EACH
NAILS, PUTTY ETC L.S L.S L.S
3 LABOUR
MASON 0.1 0.1 EACH
CARPENTER 1.5 1.5 EACH
HELPER 1.5 1.5 EACH
GLUE,T % P, SUNDRIES ETC LS LS

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 FULLY PANELLED
FULLY PANNELLED DOOR DOOR
1 TIMBER NO L B H QNTY UNIT RATE AMOUNT
STYLES 4 2.085 0.11 0.04 0.036 CUM
BOTTOM RAILS 2 0.6 0.3 0.04 0.014 CUM
LOCK RAIL 2 0.6 0.15 0.04 0.007 CUM
FRIEZE RAIL 2 0.6 0.1 0.04 0.005 CUM
TOP RAIL 2 0.6 0.13 0.04 0.006 CUM
PANELS 6 0.4 0.27 0.15 0.01 CUM
DO 2 0.4 0.5 0.15 0.006 CUM

10% WASTE AND

OVERLAPPING
JOINTS 0.008
2 FITTINGS
TOWER BOLTS
20CM 2 2
STRAP HINGES 2 2
STEEL HANDLE 6 6
WOODEN CLEAT 2 2
HINGE 2.5CM
FOR CLEAT 2 2
SCREWS 40MM 2 2
SCREWS 20MM 20 20

NAILS, PUTTY ETC 100 100

3 LABOUR
MASON 0.7 0.7
CARPENTER 3.5 3.5
HELPER 3.5 3.5
GLUE,t % p,
SUNDRIES ETC LS LS

NOTE: Dimensions are in cm

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 1.93X.86 sqm SIZE
FULLY PANELLED DOOR
1 TIMBER NO L B H QNTY UNIT RATE AMOUNT
STYLES 4 2.085 0.11 0.04 0.036 CUM
BOTTOM RAILS 2 0.6 0.3 0.04 0.014 CUM
LOCK RAIL 2 0.6 0.15 0.04 0.007 CUM
FRIEZE RAIL 2 0.6 0.1 0.04 0.005 CUM
TOP RAIL 2 0.6 0.13 0.04 0.006 CUM
PANELS 6 0.4 0.27 0.15 0.01 CUM
DO 2 0.4 0.5 0.15 0.006 CUM

10% WASTE AND OVERLAPPING JOINTS 0.008

2 FITTINGS
TOWER BOLTS 20CM 2 2
STRAP HINGES 2 2
STEEL HANDLE 6 6
WOODEN CLEAT 2 2
HINGE 2.5CM FOR CLEAT 2 2
SCREWS 40MM 2 2
SCREWS 20MM 20 20
NAILS, PUTTY ETC 100 100
3 LABOUR
MASON 0.7 0.7
CARPENTER 3.5 3.5
HELPER 3.5 3.5
GLUE, T & P, SUNDRIES ETC
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 LEDGED AND BRACED DOOR
7
7.5
15
14.5
15
15

59
10X5 BRACES
59

15
15 15X5 LEDGES
59

59 10 X7 DOOR FRAMES

15
15
3CM PLANK 15
15
735

ELEVATION SIDE VIEW

90
86
NOTE: Dimensions are in cm

5
3
7
75 85 75

SECTIONAL PLAN
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 FULLY PANNELLED DOOR C
6.5
TOP RAIL
13

FREZE RAIL
26

DOOR FRAME 10

PANEL 20

LOCK RAIL 10

26

15
A A

50

BOTTOM RAIL
30
FL
C

ELEVATION OF PANNELED DOOR SECTION AT C C

118
NOTE: Dimensions are in cm
6.5 11 37.5 10 10 37.5 11 6.5
10
4
6
10
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PANNELLED AND GLAZED DOOR C
6.5
TOP RAIL
13

FREZE RAIL
26

DOOR FRAME 10

GLAZED 20
PANEL
LOCK RAIL 10

26

15
A A

50

BOTTOM RAIL
30
FL
C

ELEVATION OF PANNELED DOOR SECTION AT C C

118

6.5 11 37.5 10 10 37.5 11 6.5

10
4
6
10

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WIRE GAUGE MESH PANEL DOOR C
6.5
TOP RAIL
13

FREZE RAIL
26

DOOR FRAME 10

WIRE PANEL 20

LOCK RAIL 10

26

15
A A

50

BOTTOM RAIL
30
FL
C

ELEVATION118
OF PANNELED DOOR SECTION AT C C

6.5 11 37.5 10 10 37.5 11 6.5

10
4
6
10
SECTIONAL PLAN AT AA
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