SIXTH EDITION

Plulippines
ilippines
eers of the Phllippincs
1
nes
es
, .,. 511

combinations [rom this chapter in conjun ction with strength
reduc tio n factors of Section 426 shall not be permitted.
409.3 Required Strength
409.3.1 Required strength U shall be at least equal to the
effects of factored loads in Eq. 409 -1 through Eq, 409-7.
The effect of on e or more loads not acting simultaneously
shall be investigated.
U = 1.4(D + F) (40 9- 1)
U = L2 (D+ F + T) + 1.6 (L+/i) + O.5(L . or R) (409-2)
U = 1.2 D + 1.6 (L. or R) + ( 1.0L or 0 .80 II') (409-3)
U = 1.2 D + 1.6 II' + 1.0 L + 0.5 (L. o r R) (409-4)
u= 1.2 D + 1.0 £ + 1.0 L (409 -5)
U = 0.9 D + 1.6 II' + 1.6 H (409 -6)
U = 0 .90 D + 1.0 E + 1.6 If (409-7)
except as follow s:
I. The load factor on the live load L in Eq . 409 ·3 to 409- 5
shall be permitt ed 10 be reduced to 0.5 except for
garages , are as occupied as places o f publi c assemb ly.
2 I.
and all areas where L is grea ter than 4.8 kN/m •
2. \Vhere wind load W has not been reduced by a
directionality factor , it shall be pen ni ned to use 1.3 W in
plac e of 1.611' in Eq . 409-4 and 409·6.
3. Wh ere E, the lo ad effects of eart hquake, is based on
se r vice-level seismic forces. 1.4£ shall be used in place
of 1.0£ in Eg' 409·5 and 409 -7.
4. The load factor on If. loads due to wcight and pressure
of soil , wa ter in so il, or other mater ials. shall be set
equ al to zero in Eq. 409- 6 and 409 -7 if the structural
action due to H counteracts tha t due to W or E. Where
lateral earth pressur e provides resistance to structur al
ac tio ns from o the r forces, it sh all not be included in H
but shall be incl uded in the design resistan ce.
409.3.2 If resistance to impact effec ts is taken into account
in de sig n, such effects shall be includ ed with live load L. _
409.3.3 Estimations o f differential scu lcmc m. creep.
shrinkage, expa nsio n of shrinkage-co mpensa ting concre te or
temperat ure change shall be based o n a realistic assess ment
of such e ffects occurring in service.
409 .3.4 If a struc ture is in a flood zone. o r is subje cted to
forces fro m atmospheric precipitations . [he flood la nds and
National Structural Code of the Philippin es 6 Edition Volume 1
CHAPTER ~ - Co ncre te 4 ·~ 3
the appropr iate load co mbinations of ASCE I SEI 7 shall be
used.
40 9.3.5 For post-tensioned anchorage zone design . a load
factor of J.2 shall be appli ed to the maximum tendon
ja cki ng force .
409.4 Design Strength
409.4 .1 Design stren gth provided by a member, its
connections to other membe rs and its cros s sections. in
term s of flexure, ax ial load. shear and to rsion , shall be taken
as the nomin al strength calculated in acco rdance with
requirements and assumptions of this Sect ion . mult iplied by
a strength-reduction factor ¢ in Sections 409.4 .2. 409.4 .4
and 409.4.5 .
409.4.2 St re ngt h- Redu ct ion Facto r
Strength-reduction factor ¢ shall be gi ven in Sections
409.4.2. 1 through 409 .4.2.7:
409 .4.2.1 Ten sion controlled sections as defined in Section
4 10.4.4 (see also Scct ion 409.4.2.7) 0.90
409 .4.2.2 Co mpress ion contr olle d sec tion s, as defined in
Sec tion 4 10.4.3:
Members with spiral rein forcem en t
conforming to Section 4 10.10.3 .. .................. 0.75
2. Other reinforced members 0.65
For sect ions in which the net tensile strength, Cr. is between
the limits for co mpress ion-cont rol led an d tensio n-controlled
sectio ns, ¢ shall be permi tted 10 be linearly increased from
that for compression-con trolled sectio ns to 0 .90 as f.,
incre ases from the co mpression-controlled strain lim it 10
0.005.
Altern atively , when Sectio n 425 is used, for membe rs in
which [I' does not exceed 415 MPa, with s ymmetric
reinforcement, and with (11 • cl')/I! not less than 0.70. ¢ shall
be permitted to be increased linearly to 0.90 as ¢ P,
decreases from 0.10 Fe A,( to zero. For o ther reinforced
memb ers. ¢ sha ll be permitted to be increased linearly to
0.90 as ¢ P" decreas es from 0.10 F, A ~ or ¢ Ph. whic hever is
smaller. to zero.
409.4.2.3 Shear an d torsion (Sec also Sect ion 409.4.4 (or
shear walls and frames in Se ismic Zo ne 4) 0.75
409.4 .2.4 Bearing on co ncrete (except for post-
tensioning anchorage zones ) 0.65
409.4.2.5 Post-tensioned anchorage zone s 085
th
1
me 1
ilippines
ume 1
s of tile Philippines
€