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Komponen % Kandungan
Asam Miristat 1.5%
Asam Palmitat 46%
Asam Stearat 3.7%
Asam Oleat 39%
Asam Linoleat 9.8%
Total 100%
(Ketaren, 2012)
Komponen A B C D E
Asam Miristat -79.31 -4693.6 43.573 -0.068469 2.7919E-05
Asam Linoleat 40.65 -7544.2 -7.5552 -0.010656 5.2640E-06
Asam Palmitat 34.66 -5264.5 -8.8645 0.0023028 -3.6120E-13
Asam Oleat 78.70 -8822.7 -22.472 4.8353E-11 2.6578E-06
Asam Stearat -40.36 -4772.4 24.502 -0.037665 1.4595E-05
(Yaws, 1999)
Kondisi Umpan
T Feed = 629.15 K
= 356 ˚C
P Feed = 1 atm
= 760 mmHg
f (fraksi uap) = 0.61
% Recovery
LK (Asam Palmitat) = 95%
HK (Asam Oleat) = 95%
P Distillat = 1 atm
= 750 mmHg
T Distillat = 360.58 ˚C (goalseek)
= 633.73 K
c. Menghitung N Minimum
Komponen xF Feed Ki α
Asam Miristat 0.02 3.23 1.87 2.09
Asam Linoleat 0.09 17.19 1.02 1.14
Asam Palmitat 0.48 88.26 1.11 1.24
Asam Oleat 0.37 67.93 0.89 1
Asam Stearat 0.03 6.40 0.67 0.75
Total 1 183.01
Komponen xD Distillat Ki α
Asam Miristat 0.03 3.23 1.69 2.13
Asam Linoleat 0.16 1.19 0.91 1.14
Asam Palmitat 0.78 83.85 1 1.26
Asam Oleat 0.03 3.40 0.80 1
Asam Stearat - - 0.60 0.5
Total 1 107.67
Komponen xB Bottom Ki α
Asam Miristat - - 2.07 2.06
Asam Linoleat - - 1.14 1.13
Asam Palmitat 0.06 4.41 1.25 1.24
Asam Oleat 0.86 64.53 1.01 1
Asam Stearat 0.08 6.40 0.75 0.74
Total 1 75.35
N minimum = 26.8053
d. Menghitung R minimum
Feed = 183.01 Kmol/jam
Bottom = 75.35 Kmol/jam
q = 0.41
1–q = 0.59
F(1–q ) = 107.67 Kmol/jam
Trial 1 Trial 2
Start = 1.25 Start = 0.75
θ1 = 1.08 (goalseek) θ1 = 0.76 (goalseek)
error = 0 error = 0
α LK,HK-mean > θ1 > α LK,HK-mean > θ1 > α LK,HK-mean >
1.25 θ1 > 1 θ1 > 0.75
1.08 0.76
L ∞ min
Σ1 = 806.93
Σ2 = 177.27
Rmin = 1.6465
R = 1.5 x Rmin
= 2.4697
Refluks
Komponen BM % Kandungan
Kmol/jam Kg/jam
Asam Miristat 280 10.9% 4.75 1332.65
Asam Linoleat 228 1.1% 0.48 109.51
Asam Palmitat 257 87.8% 38.28 9821.65
43.51 11263.81
Parameter X Y N
Molokanov 0.43 26.81
Eduljee 0.24 0.42 26.81
Rusche 0.39 26.81
Maka, N tray = 27 tray
f. Efisiensi Tray
Korelasi O’connel
Satuan dalam %, 0-100
B 2
log μ=A + +CT + D T
T
T Feed = 629.15 K
Komponen A B C D log μ μ
Asam Miristat -6.73 1266.6 1.24E-02 -1.06E-05 -1.12 0.08
Asam Linoleat -2.54 1265.7 -2.66E-04 -4.72E-07 -0.88 0.13
Asam Palmitat -9.45 2098.3 1.66E-02 -1.26E-05 -0.65 0.22
Asam Oleat -6.13 1689.3 8.37E-03 -6.45E-06 -0.73 0.19
Asam Stearat -3.59 1346.5 2.91E-03 -2.76E-06 -0.71 0.19
αLK,Feed = 1.25
Trial :
NRectifying = 12.232 tray (goalseek)
NStripping = 17.768 tray
Data:
B = 75.35 Kmol/jam sisi kiri = 0.69
D = 107.67 Kmol/jam sisi kanan = 0.69
ZHK,Feed = 1 error =0
ZLK,Feed = 1.24
XHK,Distillat = 0.03
XLK,Bottom = 0.06
BM campuran
Komponen Distillat xD BM xD.BM
Asam Miristat 3.23 0.03 228 6.8432
Asam Palmitat 1.19 0.16 256 40.87.65
Asam Oleat 83.85 0.78 282 219.6120
Asam Linoleat 3.40 0.03 280 8.8330
Total 107.67 1 276.2
BM campuran × P
ρv=
R×T
ρv = 0.0054 Kg/L
= 5.3969 Kg/m3
Trial
Dari table Treybal dengan nilai tray spacing 0.6 m = 24 in (diameter tower =1 – 3
meter). Dari Fig.11.27 Coulson dengan nilai 0.6 m, diperoleh nilai:
k = 0.12
Diambil superficial velocity = 80-85% agar tidak terjadi flooding (Coulson, hal 568,
2005)
x = 85% x Vflood
x = 1.10 m/s
= 3.62 ft/s
Densitas Campuran
Komponen Bottom xB ρ xB.ρ
Asam Palmitat 4.41 0.59 621.68 36.412
Asam Stearat 6.40 0.085 632.80 53.745
Asam Oleat 64.35 0.856 636.09 544.807
Total 7535 1 630.19 634.96
BM campuran
Komponen Bottom xB BM xB.BM
Asam Palmitat 4.41 0.59 256 14.9939
Asam Stearat 6.40 0.085 284 24.1207
Asam Oleat 64.35 0.856 282 241.5325
Total 7535 1 280.6
BM campuran × P
ρv=
R×T
ρv = 0.0054 Kg/L
= 5.3967 Kg/m3
Kecepatan Cairan (L) = ( Feed x q ) + ( ROptimum + FL )
Feed = 183.01 Kmol/jam
L = 260.8255 Kmol/jam
= 73199.8935 Kg/jam
Kecepatan Vapor ( V) = L – B
V = 185.48 Kmol/jam
= 52054.52
=14.4596 Kg/s
Trial
Dari table Treybal dengan nilai tray spacing 0.6 m = 24 in (diameter tower =1 – 3
meter). Dari Fig.11.27 Coulson dengan nilai 0.6 m, diperoleh nilai:
k = 0.1
Diambil superficial velocity = 80-85% agar tidak terjadi flooding (Coulson, hal 568,
2005)
x = 85% x Vflood
x = 0.91 m/s
= 3 ft/s
Berdasarkan Fig. 11,28 Coulson, maka jenis alirannya adalah single pass.
d. Perancangan Tray
ID = 2.639 m
Ad / Ac = 12%
Luas Downcorner (Ad) = 12% x Ac
Ad = 0.656 m2
Luas Aktif (Aa) = Ac – ( 2 x Ad )
Aa = 4.1554 m2
Tebal Tray
Bahan konstruksi yang digunakan yaitu stailess steel, berdasarkan Coulson hal.573
tebal tray yang digunakan yaitu = 3 mm
Jumlah Hole
Luas 1 Hole = ( π / 4 x dh2 )
Luas 1 Hole = 0.0000196 m2
( )
2 /3
L
Tinggi Maks Weir Liquid Crest (how maks) = 750 W maks
ρL× IW
how max = 47.3785 mm
( )
2 /3
LW min
Tinggi Min Weir Liquid Crest (how min) = 750
ρL× IW
how min = 42.514 mm
Ts = PxR
+CA n
f E−0 , 6 P
Ts = 1.350 in
Standar ( Ts’) = 1 3/8 in (Brownell, Tabel 5.6, 1959)
= 0.03 m
Diperoleh Data:
Icr = 6 1/8 in
Rc = 96 in
1
W = ( 3+ ( rc /icr ) 0.5 ) (Brownell, Pers. 7.76, 1959)
4
W = 1.7397 in
= 0.044 m
P× rc ×W
Th = +CA n (Brownell, Pers. 7.77, 1959)
2 f . E−0 , 2 P
Th = 1.378 in
Standar (Th’) = 1 1/2 in
= 0.038 m
OA = Th’ + b + sf
OA = 24.686 in
0.627 m
LAMPIRAN B
PERHITUNGAN ALAT PENUKAR KALOR
LAMPIRAN C
PERHITUNGAN ALAT TRANSPORTASI BAHAN