(Week 1-2)

Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and evaluated by the Development
and Quality Assurance Teams of SDO TAPAT to assist you in helping the learners meet
the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You
also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do
the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Let’s Learn

This module was designed and written to help you understand the concept of various
contemporary art forms, techniques and performance practices in the Philippines.

The module is about

● Integrative Art as Applied to Contemporary Art
Lesson 1 – Historical Background of Art in the Philippines
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. define what art is;
2. recognize the importance of integrative art to Filipino culture;
3. appreciate the art history of the Philippines; and
4. familiarize the significant development in the Philippine Art.

Let’s Try

Directions: Read each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. The development of Philippine Art comes in three major traditions. Which is not
included?
A. Ethnic Tradition C. Japanese Tradition
B. Spanish Tradition D. American Colonial Tradition
2. The term “art” is related to the Latin word “ars” meaning _________.
A. Skill C. Passion
B. Craft D. Reflection
3. It is called the conscious use of skill and creative imagination especially in the
production of aesthetic objects.
A. Art B. Teaching
B. Literature D. Reading
4. The Chinese Filipino artist, who presents a portrait painting to President Rodrigo
Duterte as his way of showing appreciation to the Chief Executive for all his efforts
in the nations’ development.
A. Lee Kuan Yew B. Ang Kiokuk
B. Louie Gordon Yu Lee D. Pacita Abad

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5. According to ____________, art is the signature of civilization.
A. Leo Tolstoy B. Mark Twain
B. Pablo Picasso D. Jean Sibelius
6. What was the characteristic of the Ethnic Art Tradition?
A. Simple C. Elaborate
B. Indigenous D. All are correct except letter C
7. The friars were the ones supervising the practice of art in our country with their
agenda of _____________.
A. Propagating Christianity C. Suppress Rebellion
B. Enforce Security D. Humanitarian Concern
8. What influenced the choreography/dances in Pre-Colonial times?
A. Geographic location C. Leadership
B. Indigenous materials D. Customs and Belief
9. In architecture, stones and bricks were predominantly used in constructing
churches, houses and government offices.
A. Indigenous Tradition C. American Tradition
B. Spanish Tradition D. Liberation Times
10. Filipino artists still put Filipino touches on their art pieces.
A. Ethnic/Indigenous Tradition C. American Tradition
B. Spanish Tradition D. Liberation Times
11. The piano is one of the instruments that Americans introduced in the field of
Philippine music.
A. True C. Letter A is correct
B. False D. None of the above
12. Contemporary art refers to the recent and current practice of art ranging from the
A. 1900 up to the present C. 1960 up to the present
B. 1945 up to the present D. 1990 up to the present
13. Artists studied abroad and brought ideas in art making upon going home. This
period from 1860-1960 was known as ______________.
A. Modern Period C. Renaissance Period
B. Contemporary Period D. Integrative Art Period
14. In architecture, the early Filipinos used local materials such as _______. Which
is not correct?
A. anahaw leaves C. rattan
B. cogon D. plastic straws
15. Which of the following does not belong to the American Tradition in the
development of Philippine Art?
A. Pottery, weaving, wood carving and metal crafting are the forms of visual
art
B. Religion and secularization influenced all art forms
C. Avant-garde artworks entered the scene
D. Filipinos studied abroad and introduced new ideas in art making.

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 LESSON INTEGRATIVE ART AS

1 APPLIED TO CONTEMPORARY
ART IN THE PHILIPPINES

Let’s Recall

PHILLIPINE ART TRIVIA

The Bagobo, one of the largest indigenous groups in the country, require their members
who have reached the age of puberty to have their teeth filed and blackened. It is a
beautifying procedure they consider as an ultimate rite of passage for every young
Bagobo.

To file the teeth, the candidate must place his head against the operator and grip a stick
of wood between his teeth. Each tooth is then filed, leaving only the stump.

After the sharpening, the teeth are blackened using either a deposit formed through a
smoke coming from a charring bamboo or a powder known as tapEl produced by the
lamod tree.

During the entire duration of the treatment, the candidate is not allowed to drink water,
eat sour food, or attend a funeral to avoid having teeth with poor color.

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 Philippine church built with the use of egg white.

Completed in 1727, the Baclayon Church in Bohol is considered to be one of the oldest
churches in the country.

Baclayon was the first choice of the Spanish Jesuit missionaries to be their seat, but fear
of Moro marauders forced them to move to Loboc. It was only in 1717 that Baclayon
became a parish, leading to the construction of the church.

The church was built by a total of 200 native laborers who took coral stones from the sea,
cut them into blocks, and lifted them using bamboo. To cement the blocks together, they
used the white of about 2 million eggs. The church was completed in 1727 and obtained
a large bell in 1835.

Unfortunately, the Baclayon Church is one of the heritage sites in Bohol that was
destroyed by a 7.2 magnitude earthquake that hit the province last year.

Let’s Explore
Activity 1
Directions: Read the text below and explain the Take-Away points that follow.
take·a·way
/ˈtākəˌwā/

Noun: take-away
A key fact, point, or idea to be remembered, typically one emerging from a discussion or
meeting.

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 Integrative Art as Applied to Contemporary Art

Art plays a significant part in the rich cultural identity of the Philippines. It mirrors the
Filipino people, its history, its tradition, and the country as a whole. Diverse art forms in
the different parts of the archipelago, when integrated, will give a clear picture of what
kind of country the Philippines is and what kind of people the Filipinos are. These art
forms developed from the early times and continue to evolve up to the present. From the
ethnic tradition, it continues to progress to contemporary art tradition.

As a Filipino, one should have the knowledge of the different forms of art in the Philippines
to fully grasp its identity as a nation and to completely embrace oneself as a citizen of the
country.

Questions:
1. What is integrative art?
2. How important is integrative arts to the nation and its people?

Let’s Elaborate

Activity1
Reading and Note –taking
A) Explain at least two (2) definitions of Art as defined by the person mentioned
below.
B) Gather your thoughts, and give your own definition of Art. How do you define art?

I. Etymology

The term “art” is related to the Latin word “ars” meaning skill or craft. The
first known use of the word comes from 13th century manuscripts. However, the
word art and its many variants (artem. eart, etc...) have probably existed since the
founding of Rome.
There are a lot of ways to define art as there are different people in the
universe. Therefore, its meaning varies from one person to another depending on
the unique perspective and character of an individual.

ART AS DEFINED BY FOREIGN PERSONS:

Pablo Picasso
“The purpose of art is washing the dust of daily life off one's soul”.

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 Leo Tolstoy
“Art is human activity, a means of communication between people which
allows the expression of emotions of the artists who expressed them.”

Jean Sibelius
“Art is the signature of civilization”.

ART AS DEFINED BY LOCAL OR FILIPINO ICONS:

Sen. Loren Legarda
“Art should be an enabler for development”.

Mayor Lino Cayetano

“Taguig believes that in supporting culture, arts and Philippine cinema, we will
have a wider and more comprehensive understanding of the issues and many
other things. These will help in our goal of unity”.

Chairman Felipe De Leon of National Commission for Culture and the Arts
“The development of the arts, the development of everything else will follow
just like during the Renaissance period, when the flourishing of the arts paved
the way for social and governmental advances”.

Dingdong Dantes, actor

“Contrary to the notion that we only exist to entertain, artists are actually
storytellers of our nation’s past, present and future. We help bring people
together, we help Filipino stand as one nation as we have always done in the
past and are continuing to do during the current pandemic”.

Louie Gordon Yu Lee, Chinese –Filipino artist

“Art is a way to create national identity. It transforms our nation and brings
peace and progress between the Chinese and the Filipinos”.

II. Engaging with the Arts

Have you ever wondered how the Philippine art developed? Do you know
that there are significant differences in the art forms and art making based on the
artworks were produced? The traditional art of the Philippines developed, as
different factors influenced the art making in the country. The Philippine art has its
unique characteristics based on its period of development.
The development of Philippine Art comes in three major traditions. These
are the Ethnic or Indigenous Tradition, Spanish Colonial tradition, and the American
Colonial or the Contemporary Art Traditions. The period between 1860’s to 1960’s
is referred to as the practice of Modern Art. Modern Art continuously develops even
after World War II, which led to the contemporary way of art making today.
Contemporary art refers to the recent and current practice of art ranging from the

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 1970’s up to the present. It uses a combination of different methods, materials, and
ideas that transcend the traditional way of art making today.

Art in the Philippines – Historical Background

The development of Philippine Art comes in three (3) major traditions. These are the
Ethnic or Indigenous Tradition, Spanish Colonial Tradition and American Colonial or the
Contemporary Tradition. Each epoch presents a unique distinction from each other, that
makes art making in the Philippines colorful and historic.

Below presents the different art traditions and the corresponding characteristics of the
Philippine Art that evolved through the times.

Ethnic/Indigenous Spanish Colonial American Colonial and

Tradition Tradition Contemporary Tradition

● Primarily influenced ● Western art forms ● The Americans

by the geographical replace indigenous brought many
location and the art. changes in politics,
experiences of the economy,
Filipinos. ● Religion was a great education and
influence in the art, culture of the
Example: friars supervised Philippines
the practice of arts
In the highlands with the aim of ● The emergence of
dance steps were spreading technology
imitations of the Christianity. affected the way of
movement of certain art in the country.
animals while those ● Religious plays like
living near the seas Komedya were ● Innovations and
choreography is the very popular. experimental
movement of the approaches rose
fishes. ● Religious dances were above traditional
choreographed to art practices and
● In terms of visual arts honor patron methodologies.
pottery, weaving, saints, while
wood carving and secular dance ● New form of
metal crafting is steps like valse, expression came,
predominant. fandango, polka called avant garde
and minuet were in nature.
● The use of available performed in social
materials in the functions. ● Modern Art (1860-
surrounding like 1960) continuously
bamboo, cogon, ● Piano was introduced developed even
cane, rattan and alongside other after World War II.
other light western musical
materials was used instruments. The art form was broadened
in architecture. and non conventional
artwork with a wide range

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 ● Folk literature are ● Bands and Orchestra of themes was prevalent
composed of multiplied as the making the way for the
songs and zarzuela and Contemporary Art field.
narratives that operas became
verbalized their prevalent.
daily experiences.
● In architecture, bricks
● Tribal presentations and stones were
and rituals used in
depicting their constructing
beliefs serve as the churches, houses
ethnic theater arts. and government
offices.
● Music uses indigenous
instruments like Spanish art in the
bamboo flutes and Philippines was a mixture
brass gongs. of western and indigenous
art. Filipino artists still put
Filipino touch on their art
pieces.

Let’s Dig In

Activity 2
Directions:Read the following sentences below. Write True if the statement is correct
and False if it is not.

_______ 1. The Spaniards greatly influenced the Filipinos that the art in the country
resulted in pure Western Art.
_______ 2. Modern Art is totally the same with Contemporary Arts since modern and
contemporary are synonymous to each other.
_______ 3. Before colonization, the Philippines already had its indigenous art.
_______ 4. Valse, fandango, polka and minuet are examples of theatrical performances
in the American period.
_______ 5. Folk songs, speeches, and narratives were the forms of literature in the
Spanish era with religious and secular content.
_______ 6. Avant- garde- artwork entered the scene in American colonial times.
_______ 7. The geographical location and experiences of the Filipinos was the main
factor in the art production during the Spanish colonial tradition.
_______ 8. Zarzuelas and operas became popular in Ethnic Tradition.

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_______ 9. The piano is one of the instruments that Spaniard introduced in the field of
Philippine music.
_______ 10. Filipinos developed choreographies by mimicking movements of animals

Let’s Remember

Directions: Read the following questions below, then write your answer on a sheet of
paper.

1. What happens when we integrate the various art forms?

2. What’s the difference between Modern Art and Contemporary Arts?
3. How can you describe the development of Philippine Art?

Let’s Apply

Read this article.

TAGUIG CITY DAD VOWS TO PROMOTE ARTS, CULTURE, FILM

December 25, 2019, 3:26 pm

MMFF 2019. The float of the movie "Miracle

in Cell No. 7", one of the entries for this
year's Metro Manila Film Festival. The
movie stars veteran actor, Aga Muhlach,
and Xia Vigor. (PNA photo by Avito Dalan)

MANILA - - Taguig City’s mayor has

affirmed the city government’s commitment
to Philippine cinema as it hosted for the very
first time in 45 editions, the Metro Manila
Film Festival’s (MMFF) star-studded Parade
of Stars.

“The city of Taguig affirms its commitment to the arts, to culture and to promoting Filipino films,”
Mayor Lino Cayetano said as he welcomed the throng of people who gathered at the Taguig
Lakeshore Park, where the parade originated, last Sunday.

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“On the part of the City of Taguig, with Vice Mayor Ading Cruz, to my colleagues in the industry,
we would like to emphasize the deep commitment of the city government of Taguig for the growth
of culture and the arts in the city and the country as a whole,” said Cayetano, who is also a TV
director and producer.

From the Taguig Lakeshore Park, the parade passed through ML Quezon Avenue, MRT Avenue,
and C5 Road. It then entered the McKinley Hill township via Upper McKinley Road, then moved
on to McKinley Parkway, 32nd Street, 7th Avenue, 28th Avenue, 5th Avenue, then Lawton
Avenue, LeGrand Avenue, and Chateau Road. The parade ended at McKinley West Open
Ground.

In a statement, the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA), which organizes the
yearly event, said the route made the parade the longest in the history of the MMFF.

“The growth of and support for Philippine cinema is important,” Cayetano said. “Taguig believes
that in supporting culture, arts and Philippine cinema, we will have a wider and more
comprehensive understanding of the issues and many other things. These will help us in our goal
of unity.”

Activity 3. Challenge yourself!

Compose an essay on how are you going to promote arts and culture in the City of Taguig.
Use not less than 500 words. Make your own title. You will be graded according to this
simple rubrics below:

15-13 (Outstanding)
12-10 (Very Satisfactory)
9-7 (Satisfactory)
6-4 (Needs Improvement)
3-1 (Poor)
CRITERIA 5 4 3 2 1
Content
Coherence
Grammar

Let’s Evaluate

Directions: Read each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. The development of Philippine Art comes in three major traditions. Which is not
included?
A. Ethnic Tradition C. Japanese Tradition
B. Spanish Tradition D. American Colonial Tradition

10
2. The term “art” is related to the Latin word “ars” meaning _________.
A. Skill C. Passion
B. Craft D. Reflection
3 .It is called the conscious use of skill and creative imagination especially in the
production of aesthetic objects.
A. Art C. Teaching
B. Literature D. Reading
4. The Chinese Filipino artist, who presents a portrait painting to President Rodrigo
Duterte as his way of showing appreciation to the Chief Executive for all his
efforts in the nation's development.
A. Lee Kuan Yew C. Ang Kiokuk
B. Louie Gordon Yu Lee D. Pacita Abad
5. According to ____________, art is the signature of civilization.
A. Leo Tolstoy C. Mark Twain
B. Pablo Picasso D. Jean Sibelius
6. What was the characteristic of the Ethnic Art Tradition?
A. Simple C. Elaborate
B. Indigenous D. All are correct except letter C
7. The friars were the ones supervising the practice of art in our country with their
agenda of _____________.
A. Propagating Christianity C. Suppress Rebellion
B. Enforce Security D. Humanitarian Concern
8. What influenced the choreography/dances in Pre-Colonial times?
A. Geographic location C. Leadership
B. Indigenous materials D. Customs and Belief
9. In architecture, stones and bricks were predominantly used in constructing
churches, houses and government offices.
A. Indigenous Tradition C. American Tradition
B. Spanish Tradition D. Liberation Times
10. Filipino artists still put Filipino touch on their art pieces.
A. Ethnic/Indigenous Tradition C. American Tradition
B. Spanish Tradition D. Liberation Times
11. The piano is one of the instruments that Americans introduced in the field of
Philippine music.
A. True C. Letter A is correct
B. False D. None of the above
12. Contemporary art refers to the recent and current practice of art ranging from the
A. 1900 up to the present C. 1960 up to the present
B. 1945 up to the present D. 1990 up to the present
13. Artists studied abroad and brought ideas in art making upon going home. This
period from 1860-1960 was known as ______________.
A. Modern Period C. Renaissance Period
B. Contemporary Period D. Integrative Art Period

11
14. In architecture, the early Filipinos used local materials such as _______. Which
is not correct?
A. anahaw leaves C. rattan
B. cogon D. plastic straws
15. Which of the following does not belong to the American Tradition in the
development of Philippine Art?
A. Pottery, weaving, wood carving and metal crafting are the forms of
visual art
B. Religion and secularization influenced all art forms
C. Avant-garde artworks entered the scene
D. Filipinos studied abroad and introduced new ideas in art making.
16. – 20 Identify the period in the development of Philippine Art. Write E for Ethnic
Tradition, S for Spanish Colonial Tradition and AC for American Colonial Tradition.
16. Use of bamboo flutes and brass gong
17. Literary works can be classified as religious and secular prose and poetry.
18. Paintings and sculpture were the most popular forms of visual art.
19. Technological innovations affected art making resulting in non-conventional
artworks.
20. Artists used wood carvings and metal works with intricate decorative
designs as embellishments for buildings.

Let’s Extend

List at least five (5) known cultural properties in your locality and its significance:
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________

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References:

Contemporary Philippine Arts From The Regions, by Luzviminda D.

Sandangan and Ayesha H. Sayseng

Links:
thought.com/what-is-the-definition-of-art-182707

rappler.com/thought-leaders/8889_artist-for-the-people

pcoo.gov.ph/news_releases/president_duterte_recieves-painting-from-chinese-
filipino-artist/

INQUIRER.net/06:50PM September 5, 2014

INQUIRER.NET June 14, 2020

pna.gov.ph/articles/1089433

FilipiKnow Philippine Art Trivia

iii
 Development Team of the Module
Writers: JASMINE M. DAHINGO
Editors:
Content Evaluator: JOCELYN C. ALVIS
Language Evaluator: ANGELUS B. SALESPARA
Illustrator: MA. CRISTINA JAVIER
Layout Artist: MARIVIE B. SANTOS
Management Team: DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM, SDS
DR. GEORGE P. TIZON, SGOD Chief
DR. ELLERY G. QUINTIA, CID Chief
QUINN NORMAN O. ARREZA SHS Focal Person
FERDINAND PAGGAO, EPS-Araling Panlipunan
DR DAISY L. MATAAC, EPS – LRMS/ALS

For inquiries, please write or call:

Schools Division of Taguig city and Pateros Central Bicutan, Taguig

City

Telefax: 8384251

Email Address: sdo.tapat@deped.gov.ph

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