CFR 2020 Title30 Vol1 ChapI SubchapK

SUBCHAPTER K—METAL AND NONMETAL MINE SAFETY
AND HEALTH
PART 56—SAFETY AND HEALTH 56.4331 Firefighting drills.

STANDARDS—SURFACE METAL FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS AND
AND NONMETAL MINES GASES
56.4400 Use restrictions.
Subpart A—General 56.4401 Storage tank foundations.
56.4402 Safety can use.
Sec.
56.1 Purpose and scope. 56.4430 Storage facilities.
56.2 Definitions. INSTALLATION/CONSTRUCTION/MAINTENANCE
PROCEDURES 56.4500 Heat sources.
56.1000 Notification of commencement of 56.4501 Fuel lines.
operations and closing of mines. 56.4502 Battery-charging stations.
56.4503 Conveyor belt slippage.
Subpart B—Ground Control 56.4530 Exits.
56.4531 Flammable or combustible liquid
56.3000 Definitions. storage buildings or rooms.
MINING METHODS WELDING/CUTTING/COMPRESSED GASES
56.3130 Wall, bank, and slope stability. 56.4600 Extinguishing equipment.
56.3131 Pit or quarry wall perimeter. 56.4601 Oxygen cylinder storage.
56.4602 Gauges and regulators.
SCALING AND SUPPORT
56.4603 Closure of valves.
56.3200 Correction of hazardous conditions. 56.4604 Preparation of pipelines or con-
56.3201 Location for performing scaling. tainers.
56.3202 Scaling tools. APPENDIX I TO SUBPART C OF PART 56—NA-
56.3203 Rock fixtures. TIONAL CONSENSUS STANDARDS
PRECAUTIONS
Subpart D—Air Quality and Physical
56.3400 Secondary breakage. Agents
56.3401 Examination of ground conditions.
56.3430 Activity between machinery or AIR QUALITY
equipment and the highwall or bank.
56.5001 Exposure limits for airborne con-
Subpart C—Fire Prevention and Control taminants.
56.5002 Exposure monitoring.
56.4000 Definitions. 56.5005 Control of exposure to airborne con-
56.4011 Abandoned electric circuits. taminants.
56.5006 Restricted use of chemicals.
PROHIBITIONS/PRECAUTIONS/HOUSEKEEPING
56.4100 Smoking and use of open flames. Subpart E—Explosives
56.4101 Warning signs.
56.4102 Spillage and leakage. 56.6000 Definitions.
56.4103 Fueling internal combustion en- STORAGE
gines.
56.4104 Combustible waste. 56.6100 Separation of stored explosive mate-
56.4130 Electric substations and liquid stor- rial.
age facilities. 56.6101 Areas around explosive material
storage facilities.
FIREFIGHTING EQUIPMENT 56.6102 Explosive material storage prac-
56.4200 General requirements. tices.
56.4201 Inspection. 56.6130 Explosive material storage facilities.
56.4202 Fire hydrants. 56.6131 Location of explosive material stor-
56.4203 Extinguisher recharging or replace- age facilities.
ment. 56.6132 Magazine requirements.
56.4230 Self-propelled equipment. 56.6133 Powder chests.
FIREFIGHTING PROCEDURES/ALARMS/DRILLS TRANSPORTATION

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56.4330 Firefighting, evacuation, and rescue 56.6200 Delivery to storage or blast site
procedures. areas.
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Pt. 56 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
56.6201 Separation of transported explosive 56.6904 Smoking and open flames.
material. 57.6905 Protection of explosive material.
56.6202 Vehicles.
56.6203 Locomotives. Subpart F—Drilling and Rotary Jet Piercing
56.6204 Hoists.
56.6205 Conveying explosives by hand. DRILLING
56.7002 Equipment defects.
USE
56.7003 Drill area inspection.
56.6300 Control of blasting operations. 56.7004 Drill mast.
56.6301 Blasthole obstruction check. 56.7005 Augers and drill stems.
56.6302 Separation of explosive material. 56.7008 Moving the drill.
56.6303 Initiation preparation. 56.7009 Drill helpers.
56.6304 Primer protection. 56.7010 Power failures.
56.6305 Unused explosive material. 56.7011 Straightening crossed cables.
56.6306 Loading, blasting, and security. 56.7012 Tending drills in operation.
56.6307 Drill stem loading. 56.7013 Covering or guarding drill holes.
56.6308 Initiation systems. 56.7018 Hand clearance.
56.6309 Fuel oil requirements for ANFO. 56.7050 Tool and drill steel racks.
56.6310 Misfire waiting period. 56.7051 Loose objects on the mast or drill
56.6311 Handling of misfires. platform.
56.6312 Secondary blasting. 56.7052 Drilling positions.
56.7053 Moving hand-held drills.
ELECTRIC BLASTING
56.7055 Intersecting holes.
56.6400 Compatibility of electric detonators. 56.7056 Collaring in bootlegs.
56.6401 Shunting.
56.6402 Deenergized circuits near deto- ROTARY JET PIERCING
nators. 56.7801 Jet drills.
56.6403 Branch circuits. 56.7802 Oxygen hose lines.
56.6404 Separation of blasting circuits from 56.7803 Lighting the burner.
power source. 56.7804 Refueling.
56.6405 Firing devices. 56.7805 Smoking and open flames.
56.6406 Duration of current flow. 56.7806 Oxygen intake coupling.
56.6407 Circuit testing. 56.7807 Flushing the combustion chamber.
NONELECTRIC BLASTING
Subpart G [Reserved]
56.6500 Damaged initiating material.
56.6501 Nonelectric initiation systems. Subpart H—Loading, Hauling, and
56.6502 Safety fuse. Dumping
EXTRANEOUS ELECTRICITY TRAFFIC SAFETY
56.6600 Loading practices. 56.9100 Traffic control.
56.6601 Grounding. 56.9101 Operating speeds and control of
56.6602 Static electricity dissipation during equipment.
loading. 56.9102 Movement of independently oper-
56.6603 Air gap. ating rail equipment.
56.6604 Precautions during storms. 56.9103 Clearance on adjacent tracks.
56.6605 Isolation of blasting circuits. 56.9104 Railroad crossings.
EQUIPMENT/TOOLS TRANSPORTATION OF PERSONS AND MATERIALS
56.6700 Nonsparking tools. 56.9200 Transporting persons.
56.6701 Tamping and loading pole require- 56.9201 Loading, hauling, and unloading of
ments. equipment or supplies.
56.9202 Loading and hauling large rocks.
MAINTENANCE
56.6800 Storage facilities. SAFETY DEVICES, PROVISIONS, AND PROCE-
56.6801 Vehicle repair. DURES FOR ROADWAYS, RAILROADS, AND
56.6802 Bulk delivery vehicles. LOADING AND DUMPING SITES
56.6803 Blasting lines. 56.9300 Berms or guardrails.
56.9301 Dump site restraints.
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
56.9302 Protection against moving or run-
56.6900 Damaged or deteriorated explosive away railroad equipment.
material. 56.9303 Construction of ramps and dumping
56.6901 Black powder. facilities.

56.6902 Excessive temperatures. 56.9304 Unstable ground.
56.6903 Burning explosive material. 56.9305 Truck spotters.
286
Mine Safety and Health Admin., Labor Pt. 56
56.9306 Warning devices for restricted clear- 56.12005 Protection of power conductors
ances. from mobile equipment.
56.9307 Design, installation, and mainte- 56.12006 Distribution boxes.
nance of railroads. 56.12007 Junction box connection proce-
56.9308 Switch throws. dures.
56.9309 Chute design. 56.12008 Insulation and fittings for power
56.9310 Chute hazards. wires and cables.
56.9311 Anchoring stationary sizing devices. 56.12010 Isolation or insulation of commu-
56.9312 Working around drawholes. nication conductors.
56.9313 Roadway maintenance. 56.12011 High-potential electrical conduc-
56.9314 Trimming stockpile and muckpile tors.
faces. 56.12012 Bare signal wires.
56.9315 Dust control. 56.12013 Splices and repairs of power cables.
56.9316 Notifying the equipment operator. 56.12014 Handling energized power cables.
56.9317 Suspended loads. 56.12016 Work on electrically-powered
56.9318 Getting on or off moving equipment. equipment.
56.9319 Going over, under, or between rail- 56.12017 Work on power circuits.
cars. 56.12018 Identification of power switches.
56.9330 Clearance for surface equipment. 56.12019 Access to stationary electrical
equipment or switchgear.
Subpart I—Aerial Tramways 56.12020 Protection of persons at
switchgear.
56.10001 Filling buckets. 56.12021 Danger signs.
56.10002 Inspection and maintenance. 56.12022 Authorized persons at major elec-
56.10003 Correction of defects. trical installations.
56.10004 Brakes. 56.12023 Guarding electrical connections and
56.10005 Track cable connections. resistor grids.
56.10006 Tower guards. 56.12025 Grounding circuit enclosures.
56.10007 Falling object protection. 56.12026 Grounding transformer and
56.10008 Riding tramways. switchgear enclosures.
56.10009 Riding loaded buckets. 56.12027 Grounding mobile equipment.
56.10010 Starting precautions. 56.12028 Testing grounding systems.
56.12030 Correction of dangerous conditions.
Subpart J—Travelways 56.12032 Inspection and cover plates.
56.12033 Hand-held electric tools.
56.11001 Safe access. 56.12034 Guarding around lights.
56.11002 Handrails and toeboards. 56.12035 Weatherproof lamp sockets.
56.11003 Construction and maintenance of 56.12036 Fuse removal or replacement.
ladders. 56.12037 Fuses in high-potential circuits.
56.11004 Portable rigid ladders. 56.12038 Attachment of trailing cables.
56.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and toe 56.12039 Protection of surplus trailing ca-
clearance. bles.
56.11006 Fixed ladder landings. 56.12040 Installation of operating controls.
56.11007 Wooden components of ladders. 56.12041 Design of switches and starting
56.11008 Restricted clearance. boxes.
56.11009 Walkways along conveyors. 56.12042 Track bonding.
56.11010 Stairstep clearance. 56.12045 Overhead powerlines.
56.11011 Use of ladders. 56.12047 Guy wires.
56.11012 Protection for openings around 56.12048 Communication conductors on
travelways. power poles.
56.11013 Conveyor crossovers. 56.12050 Installation of trolley wires.
56.11014 Crossing moving conveyors. 56.12053 Circuits powered from trolley wires.
56.11016 Snow and ice on walkways and 56.12065 Short circuit and lightning protec-
travelways. tion.
56.11017 Inclined fixed ladders. 56.12066 Guarding trolley wires and bare
56.11025 Railed landings, backguards, and powerlines.
other protection for fixed ladders. 56.12067 Installation of transformers.
56.11026 Protection for inclined fixed lad- 56.12068 Locking transformer enclosures.
ders. 56.12069 Lightning protection for telephone
56.11027 Scaffolds and working platforms. wires and ungrounded conductors.
56.12071 Movement or operation of equip-
Subpart K—Electricity ment near high-voltage power lines.
56.12001 Circuit overload protection. Subpart L—Compressed Air and Boilers
56.12002 Controls and switches.

56.12003 Trailing cable overload protection. 56.13001 General requirements for boilers
56.12004 Electrical conductors. and pressure vessels.
287
56.13010 Reciprocating-type air compressors. 56.14213 Ventilation and shielding for weld-
56.13011 Air receiver tanks. ing.
56.13012 Compressor air intakes. 56.14214 Train warnings.
56.13015 Inspection of compressed-air receiv- 56.14215 Coupling or uncoupling cars.
ers and other unfired pressure vessels. 56.14216 Backpoling.
56.13017 Compressor discharge pipes. 56.14217 Securing parked railcars.
56.13019 Pressure system repairs. 56.14218 Movement of equipment on adja-
56.13020 Use of compressed air. cent tracks.
56.13021 High-pressure hose connections. 56.14219 Brakeman signals.
56.13030 Boilers. APPENDIX I TO SUBPART M OF PART 56—NA-
TIONAL CONSENSUS STANDARDS
Subpart M—Machinery and Equipment
Subpart N—Personal Protection
56.14000 Definitions.
56.15001 First aid materials.
SAFETY DEVICES AND MAINTENANCE 56.15002 Hard hats.
REQUIREMENTS 56.15003 Protective footwear.
56.14100 Safety defects; examination, cor- 56.15004 Eye protection.
rection and records. 56.15005 Safety belts and lines.
56.14101 Brakes. 56.15006 Protective equipment and clothing
56.14102 Brakes for rail equipment. for hazards and irritants.
56.14103 Operators’ stations. 56.15007 Protective equipment or clothing
56.14104 Tire repairs. for welding, cutting, or working with
56.14105 Procedures during repairs or main- molten metal.
tenance. 56.15014 Eye protection when operating
56.14106 Falling object protection. grinding wheels.
56.14107 Moving machine parts. 56.15020 Life jackets and belts.
56.14108 Overhead drive belts.
56.14109 Unguarded conveyors with adjacent Subpart O—Materials Storage and
travelways. Handling
56.14110 Flying or falling materials.
56.14111 Slusher, backlash guards and secur- 56.16001 Stacking and storage of materials.
ing. 56.16002 Bins, hoppers, silos, tanks, and
56.14112 Construction and maintenance of surge piles.
guards. 56.16003 Storage of hazardous materials.
56.14113 Inclined conveyors: backstops or 56.16004 Containers for hazardous materials.
brakes. 56.16005 Securing gas cylinders.
56.14114 Air valves for pneumatic equip- 56.16006 Protection of gas cylinder valves.
ment. 56.16007 Taglines, hitches, and slings.
56.14115 Stationary grinding machines. 56.16009 Suspended loads.
56.14116 Hand-held power tools. 56.16010 Dropping materials from overhead.
56.14130 Roll-over protective structures 56.16011 Riding hoisted loads or on the hoist
(ROPS) and seat belts. hook.
56.14131 Seat belts for haulage trucks. 56.16012 Storage of incompatible substances.
56.14132 Horns and back-up alarms. 56.16013 Working with molten metal.
56.16014 Operator-carrying overhead cranes.
SAFETY PRACTICES AND OPERATIONAL 56.16015 Work or travel on overhead crane
PROCEDURES bridges.
56.16016 Lift trucks.
56.14200 Warnings prior to starting or mov-
ing equipment.
Subpart P—Illumination
56.14201 Conveyor start-up warnings.
56.14202 Manual cleaning of conveyor pul- 56.17001 Illumination of surface working
leys. areas.
56.14203 Application of belt dressing.
56.14204 Machinery lubrication. Subpart Q—Safety Programs
56.14205 Machinery, equipment, and tools.
56.14206 Securing movable parts. 56.18002 Examination of working places.
56.14207 Parking procedures for unattended 56.18006 New employees.
equipment. 56.18009 Designation of person in charge.
56.14208 Warning devices. 56.18010 First aid.
56.14209 Safety procedures for towing. 56.18012 Emergency telephone numbers.
56.14210 Movement of dippers, buckets, load- 56.18013 Emergency communications sys-
ing booms, or suspended loads. tem.
56.14211 Blocking equipment in a raised po- 56.18014 Emergency medical assistance and
sition. transportation.
56.14212 Chains, ropes, and drive belts. 56.18020 Working alone.
288
Subpart R—Personnel Hoisting 56.19069 Entering and leaving conveyances.

56.19070 Closing cage doors or gates.
56.19000 Application. 56.19071 Riding in skips or buckets.
56.19072 Skips and cages in same compart-
HOISTS ment.
56.19001 Rated capacities. 56.19073 Hoisting during shift changes.
56.19002 Anchoring. 56.19074 Riding the bail, rim, bonnet, or
56.19003 Driving mechanism connections. crosshead.
56.19004 Brakes. 56.19075 Use of open hooks.
56.19005 Locking mechanism for clutch. 56.19076 Maximum speeds for hoisting per-
56.19006 Automatic hoist braking devices. sons in buckets.
56.19007 Overtravel and overspeed devices. 56.19077 Lowering buckets.
56.19008 Friction hoist synchronizing mech- 56.19078 Hoisting buckets from the shaft
anisms. bottom.
56.19009 Position indicator. 56.19079 Blocking mine cars.
56.19010 Location of hoist controls. 56.19080 Hoisting tools, timbers, and other
56.19011 Drum flanges. materials.
56.19012 Grooved drums. 56.19081 Conveyances not in use.
56.19013 Diesel- and other fuel-injection- 56.19083 Overtravel backout device.
powered hoists.
56.19014 Friction hoist overtravel protec- SIGNALING
tion. 56.19090 Dual signaling systems.
56.19017 Emergency braking for electric 56.19091 Signaling instructions to hoist op-
hoists. erator.
56.19018 Overtravel by-pass switches. 56.19092 Signaling from conveyances.
56.19093 Standard signal code.
WIRE ROPES 56.19094 Posting signal code.
56.19021 Minimum rope strength. 56.19095 Location of signal devices.
56.19022 Initial measurement. 56.19096 Familiarity with signal code.
56.19023 Examinations.
SHAFTS
56.19024 Retirement criteria.
56.19025 Load end attachments. 56.19100 Shaft landing gates.
56.19026 Drum end attachment. 56.19101 Stopblocks and derail switches.
56.19027 End attachment retermination. 56.19102 Shaft guides.
56.19028 End attachment replacement. 56.19103 Dumping facilities and loading
56.19030 Safety device attachments. pockets.
56.19104 Clearance at shaft stations.
HEADFRAMES AND SHEAVES 56.19105 Landings with more than one shaft
56.19035 Headframe design. entrance.
56.19036 Headframe height. 56.19106 Shaft sets.
56.19037 Fleet angles. 56.19107 Precautions for work in compart-
56.19038 Platforms around elevated head ment affected by hoisting operation.
sheaves. 56.19108 Posting warning signs during shaft
work.
CONVEYANCES 56.19109 Shaft inspection and repair.
56.19110 Overhead protection for shaft deep-
56.19045 Metal bonnets. ening work.
56.19049 Hoisting persons in buckets. 56.191111 Shaft-sinking ladders.
56.19050 Bucket requirements.
56.19054 Rope guides. INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
HOISTING PROCEDURES 56.19120 Procedures for inspection, testing,
and maintenance.
56.19055 Availability of hoist operator for 56.19121 Recordkeeping.
manual hoists. 56.19122 Replacement parts.
56.19056 Availability of hoist operator for 56.19129 Examinations and tests at begin-
automatic hoists. ning of shift.
56.19057 Hoist operator’s physical fitness. 56.19130 Conveyance shaft test.
56.19058 Experienced hoist operators. 56.19131 Hoist conveyance connections.
56.19061 Maximum hoisting speeds. 56.19132 Safety catches.
56.19062 Maximum acceleration and decel- 56.19133 Shaft.
eration. 56.19134 Sheaves.
56.19063 Persons allowed in hoist room. 56.19135 Rollers in inclined shafts.
56.19065 Lowering conveyances by the
brakes. Subpart S—Miscellaneous
56.19066 Maximum riders in a conveyance.

56.19067 Trips during shift changes. 56.20001 Intoxicating beverages and nar-
56.19068 Orderly conduct in conveyances. cotics.
289
§ 56.1 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
56.20002 Potable water. Berm means a pile or mound of mate-
56.20003 Housekeeping. rial along an elevated roadway capable
56.20005 Carbon tetrachloride. of moderating or limiting the force of a
56.20008 Toilet facilities. vehicle in order to impede the vehicle’s
56.20009 Tests for explosive dusts. passage over the bank of the roadway.
56.20010 Retaining dams.
Blast area means the area in which
56.20011 Barricades and warning signs.
56.20013 Waste receptacles.
concussion (shock wave), flying mate-
56.20014 Prohibited areas for food and bev- rial, or gases from an explosion may
erages. cause injury to persons. In determining
the blast area, the following factors
AUTHORITY: 30 U.S.C. 811. shall be considered:
SOURCE: 50 FR 4054, Jan. 29, 1985, unless (1) Geology or material to be blasted.
otherwise noted. (2) Blast pattern.
(3) Burden, depth, diameter, and
Subpart A—General angle of the holes.
(4) Blasting experience of the mine.
§ 56.1 Purpose and scope. (5) Delay system, powder factor, and
This part 56 sets forth mandatory pounds per delay.
safety and health standards for each (6) Type and amount of explosive ma-
surface metal or nonmetal mine, in- terial.
cluding open pit mines, subject to the (7) Type and amount of stemming.
Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of Blast site means the area where explo-
1977. The purpose of these standards is sive material is handled during load-
the protection of life, the promotion of ing, including the perimeter formed by
health and safety, and the prevention the loaded blastholes and 50 feet (15.2
of accidents. meters) in all directions from loaded
holes. A minimum distance of 30 feet
§ 56.2 Definitions. (9.1 meters) may replace the 50-foot
The following definitions apply in (15.2-meter) requirement if the perim-
this part. In addition definitions con- eter of loaded holes is demarcated with
tained in any subpart of part 56 apply a barrier. The 50-foot (15.2-meter) and
in that subpart. If inconsistent with alternative 30-foot (9.1-meter) require-
the general definitions in this section, ment also apply in all directions along
the definition in the subpart will apply the full depth of the hole.
in that subpart: Blasting agent means any substance
American Table of Distances means the classified as a blasting agent by the
current edition of ‘‘The American Department of Transportation in 49
Table of Distances for Storage of Ex- CFR 173.114(a) (44 FR 31182, May 31,
plosives’’ published by the Institute of 1979) which is incorporated by ref-
Makers of Explosives. erence. This document is available for
Approved means tested and accepted inspection at each Metal and Nonmetal
for a specific purpose by a nationally Safety and Health District Office of the
recognized agency. Mine Safety and Health Administra-
Attended means presence of an indi- tion, and may be obtained from the
vidual or continuous monitoring to U.S. Government Printing Office,
prevent unauthorized entry or access. Washington, DC 20402.
Authorized person means a person ap- Blasting area means the area near the
proved or assigned by mine manage- blasting operations in which concus-
ment to perform a specific type of duty sion or flying material can reasonably
or duties or to be at a specific location be expected to cause injury.
or locations in the mine. Blasting cap means a detonator which
Barricaded means obstructed to pre- is initiated by a safety fuse.
vent the passage of persons, vehicles, Blasting circuit means the electrical
or flying materials. circuit used to fire one or more electric
Barrier means a material object, or blasting caps.
objects that separates, keeps apart, or Blasting switch means a switch used
demarcates in a conspicuous manner to connect a power source to a blasting

such as cones, a warning sign, or tape. circuit.
290
Mine Safety and Health Admin., Labor § 56.2
Booster means any unit of explosive Detonator means any device con-
or blasting agent used for the purpose taining a detonating charge that is
of perpetuating or intensifying an ini- used to initiate an explosive and in-
tial detonation. cludes but is not limited to blasting
Capped fuse means a length of safety caps, electric blasting caps and non-
fuse to which a blasting cap has been electric instantaneous or delay blast-
attached. ing caps.
Capped primer means a package or Distribution box means a portable ap-
cartridge of explosives which is specifi- paratus with an enclosure through
cally designed to transmit detonation which an electric circuit is carried to
to other explosives and which contains one or more cables from a single in-
a detonator. coming feed line, each cable circuit
Circuit breaker means a device de- being connected through individual
signed to open and close a circuit by overcurrent protective devices.
nonautomatic means and to open the Electric blasting cap means a deto-
circuit automatically on a predeter- nator designed for and capable of being
mined overcurrent setting without in- initiated by means of an electric cur-
jury to itself when properly applied rent.
within its rating. Electrical grounding means to connect
Combustible means capable of being with the ground to make the earth part
ignited and consumed by fire. of the circuit.
Combustible liquids means liquids hav- Employee means a person who works
ing a flash point at or above 100 °F (37.8 for wages or salary in the service of an
°C). They are divided into the following employer.
classes: Employer means a person or organiza-
tion which hires one or more persons to
(1) Class II liquids—those having
work for wages or salary.
flash points at or above 100 °F (37.8 °C)
Emulsion means an explosive material
and below 140 °F (60 °C).
containing substantial amounts of
(2) Class IIIA liquids—those having
oxidizers dissolved in water droplets,
flash points at or above 140 °F (60 °C)
surrounded by an immiscible fuel.
and below 200 °F (93.4 °C).
Explosive means any substance classi-
(3) Class IIIB liquids—those having fied as an explosive by the Department
flash points at or above 200 °F (93.4 °C). of Transportation in 49 CFR 173.53,
Combustible material means a material 173.88, and 173.100 which are incor-
that, in the form in which it is used porated by reference. Title 49 CFR is
and under the conditions anticipated, available for inspection at each Metal
will ignite, burn, support combustion, and Nonmetal Safety and Health dis-
or release flammable vapors when sub- trict office of the Mine Safety and
jected to fire or heat. Wood, paper, rub- Health Administration, and may be ob-
ber, and plastics are examples of com- tained from the U.S. Government
bustible materials. Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Company official means a member of Explosive material means explosives,
the company supervisory or technical blasting agents, and detonators.
staff. Face or bank means that part of any
Competent person means a person hav- mine where excavating is progressing
ing abilities and experience that fully or was last done.
qualify him to perform the duty to Fire resistance rating means the time,
which he is assigned. in minutes or hours, that an assembly
Conductor means a material, usually of materials will retain its protective
in the form of a wire, cable, or bus bar, characteristics or structural integrity
capable of carrying an electric current. upon exposure to fire.
Delay connector means a non-electric Flammable means capable of being
short interval delay device for use in easily ignited and of burning rapidly.
delaying blasts which are initiated by Flammable gas means a gas that will
detonating cord. burn in the normal concentrations of
Detonating cord means a flexible cord oxygen in the air.
containing a solid core of high explo- Flammable liquid means a liquid that
sives. has a flash point below 100 °F (37.8 °C),
291
§ 56.2 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
a vapor pressure not exceeding 40 Washington, DC 20036–3605; 202–429–9280;

pounds per square inch (absolute) at 100 https://www.ime.org. This incorporation
°F (37.8 °C), and is known as a Class I by reference has been approved by the
liquid. Director of the Federal Register in ac-
Flash point means the minimum tem- cordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR
perature at which sufficient vapor is part 51. Copies are available at MSHA’s
released by a liquid or solid to form a Office of Standards, Regulations, and
flammable vapor-air mixture at atmos- Variances, 201 12th Street South, Ar-
pheric pressure. lington, VA 22202–5452; 202–693–9440; and
High potential means more than 650 at all Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety
volts. and Health District Offices, or avail-
Highway means any public street, able for inspection at the National Ar-
public alley, or public road. chives and Records Administration
Hoist means a power driven windlass (NARA). For information on the avail-
or drum used for raising ore, rock, or ability of this material at NARA, call
other material from a mine, and for 202–741–6030, or go to: http://
lowering or raising persons and mate- www.archives.gov/federallregister/
rial. codeloflfederallregulations/
Igniter cord means a fuse, cordlike in ibrllocations.html.
appearance, which burns progressively Lay means the distance parallel to
along its length with an external flame the axis of the rope in which a strand
at the zone of burning, and is used for makes one complete turn about the
lighting a series of safety fuses in the axis of the rope.
desired sequence. Loading means placing explosive ma-
Insulated means separated from other terial either in a blasthole or against
conducting surfaces by a dielectric sub- the material to be blasted.
stance permanently offering a high re- Low potential means 650 volts or less.
sistance to the passage of current and Magazine means a facility for the
to disruptive discharge through the storage of explosives, blasting agents,
substance. When any substance is said or detonators.
to be insulated, it is understood to be Major electrical installation means an
insulated in a manner suitable for the assemblage of stationary electrical
conditions to which it is subjected. equipment for the generation, trans-
Otherwise, it is, within the purpose of mission, distribution, or conversion of
this definition, uninsulated. Insulating electrical power.
covering is one means for making the Mantrip means a trip on which per-
conductor insulated. sons are transported to and from a
Insulation means a dielectric sub- work area.
stance offering a high resistance to the Mill includes any ore mill, sampling
passage of current and to a disruptive works, concentrator, and any crushing,
discharge through the substance. grinding, or screening plant used at,
Laminated partition means a partition and in connection with, an excavation
composed of the following material and or mine.
minimum nominal dimensions: 1⁄2-inch- Misfire means the complete or partial
thick plywood, 1⁄2-inch-thick gypsum failure of a blasting charge to explode
wallboard, 1⁄8-inch-thick low carbon as planned.
steel, and 1⁄4-inch-thick plywood, bond- Mobile equipment means wheeled,
ed together in that order (IME–22 Box). skid-mounted, track-mounted, or rail-
A laminated partition also includes al- mounted equipment capable of moving
ternative construction materials de- or being moved.
scribed in the Institute of Makers of Multipurpose dry-chemical fire extin-
Explosives (IME) Safety Library Publi- guisher means an extinguisher having a
cation No. 22, ‘‘Recommendations for rating of at least 2–A:10–B:C and con-
the Safe Transportation of Detonators taining a nominal 4.5 pounds or more of
in a Vehicle with Other Explosive Ma- dry-chemical agent.
terials’’ (May 1993), and the ‘‘Generic Noncombustible material means a ma-
Loading Guide for the IME–22 Con- terial that, in the form in which it is
tainer’’ (October 1993). The IME is lo- used and under the conditions antici-
cated at 1120 19th Street NW., Suite 310, pated, will not ignite, burn, support
292
combustion, or release flammable va- Rock fixture means any tensioned or

pors when subjected to fire or heat. nontensioned device or material in-
Concrete, masonry block, brick, and serted into the ground to strengthen or
steel are examples of noncombustible support the ground.
materials. Roll protection means a framework,
Non-electric delay blasting cap means a safety canopy or similar protection for
detonator with an integral delay ele- the operator when equipment over-
ment and capable of being initiated by turns.
miniaturized detonating cord. Safety can means an approved con-
Overburden means material of any tainer, of not over five gallons capac-
nature, consolidated or unconsolidated, ity, having a spring-closing lid and
that overlies a deposit of useful mate- spout cover.
rials or ores that are to be mined. Safety fuse means a flexible cord con-
Overload means that current which taining an internal burning medium by
will cause an excessive or dangerous which fire is conveyed at a continuous
temperature in the conductor or con- and uniform rate for the purpose of fir-
ductor insulation. ing blasting caps or a black powder
Permissible means a machine, mate- charge.
rial, apparatus, or device that has been Safety switch means a sectionalizing
investigated, tested, and approved by switch that also provides shunt protec-
the Bureau of Mines or the Mine Safety tion in blasting circuits between the
and Health Administration and is blasting switch and the shot area.
maintained in permissible condition. Scaling means removal of insecure
Potable water means water which material from a face or highwall.
shall meet the applicable minimum Secondary safety connection means a
health requirements for drinking water second connection between a convey-
established by the State or community ance and rope, intended to prevent the
in which the mine is located or by the conveyance from running away or fall-
Environmental Protection Agency in 40 ing in the event the primary connec-
CFR part 141, pages 169–182 revised as of tion fails.
July 1, 1977. Where no such require- Shaft means a vertical or inclined
ments are applicable, the drinking shaft, a slope, incline or winze.
water provided shall conform with the Short circuit means an abnormal con-
Public Health Service Drinking Water nection of relatively low resistance,
Standards, 42 CFR part 72, subpart J, whether made accidentally or inten-
pages 527–533, revised as of October 1, tionally, between two points of dif-
1976. Publications to which references ferent potential in a circuit.
are made in this definition are hereby Slurry (as applied to blasting). See
made a part hereof. These incorporated ‘‘Water gel.’’
publications are available for inspec- Storage facility means the entire class
tion at each Metal and Nonmetal Mine of structures used to store explosive
Safety and Health District Office of the materials. A ‘‘storage facility’’ used to
Mine Safety and Health Administra- store blasting agents corresponds to a
tion. BATF Type 4 or 5 storage facility.
Powder chest means a substantial, Storage tank means a container ex-
nonconductive portable container ceeding 60 gallons in capacity used for
equipped with a lid and used at blast- the storage of flammable or combus-
ing sites for explosives other than tible liquids.
blasting agents. Stray current means that portion of a
Primer means a unit, package, or car- total electric current that flows
tridge of explosives used to initiate through paths other than the intended
other explosives or blasting agents, and circuit.
which contains a detonator. Substantial construction means con-
Reverse-current protection means a struction of such strength, material,
method or device used on direct-cur- and workmanship that the object will
rent circuits or equipment to prevent withstand all reasonable shock, wear,
the flow of current in the reverse direc- and usage, to which it will be sub-
tion. jected.
293
§ 56.1000 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
Suitable means that which fits, and Travelway. A passage, walk, or way
has the qualities or qualifications to regularly used or designated for per-
meet a given purpose, occasion, condi- sons to go from one place to another.
tion, function, or circumstance. [51 FR 36197, Oct. 8, 1986, as amended at 69 FR
Travelway means a passage, walk or 38840, June 29, 2004]
way regularly used and designated for
persons to go from one place to an- MINING METHODS
other.
Water gel or Slurry (as applied to § 56.3130 Wall, bank, and slope sta-
blasting) means an explosive or blast- bility.
ing agent containing substantial por- Mining methods shall be used that
tions of water. will maintain wall, bank, and slope sta-
Wet drilling means the continuous ap- bility in places where persons work or
plication of water through the central travel in performing their assigned
hole of hollow drill steel to the bottom tasks. When benching is necessary, the
of the drill hole. width and height shall be based on the
Working place means any place in or type of equipment used for cleaning of
about a mine where work is being per- benches or for scaling of walls, banks,
formed. and slopes.
[69 FR 38837, June 29, 2004, as amended at 80 § 56.3131 Pit or quarry wall perimeter.
FR 52986, Sept. 2, 2015]
In places where persons work or trav-
PROCEDURES el in performing their assigned tasks,
loose or unconsolidated material shall
§ 56.1000 Notification of commence- be sloped to the angle of repose or
ment of operations and closing of stripped back for at least 10 feet from
mines. the top of the pit or quarry wall. Other
The owner, operator, or person in conditions at or near the perimeter of
charge of any metal and nonmetal the pit or quarry wall which create a
mine shall notify the nearest MSHA fall-of-material hazard to persons shall
Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety and be corrected.
Health district office before starting SCALING AND SUPPORT
operations, of the approximate or ac-
tual date mine operation will com- § 56.3200 Correction of hazardous con-
mence. The notification shall include ditions.
the mine name, location, the company Ground conditions that create a haz-
name, mailing address, person in ard to persons shall be taken down or
charge, and whether operations will be supported before other work or travel
continuous or intermittent. is permitted in the affected area. Until
When any mine is closed, the person corrective work is completed, the area
in charge shall notify the nearest dis- shall be posted with a warning against
trict office as provided above and indi- entry and, when left unattended, a bar-
cate whether the closure is temporary rier shall be installed to impede unau-
or permanent. thorized entry.
[50 FR 4054, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 60
FR 33723, June 29, 1995; 60 FR 35695, July 11, § 56.3201 Location for performing scal-
1995; 71 FR 16667, Apr. 3, 2006] ing.
Scaling shall be performed from a lo-
Subpart B—Ground Control cation which will not expose persons to
injury from falling material, or other
protection from falling material shall
AUTHORITY: 30 U.S.C. 811
be provided.
SOURCE: 51 FR 36197, Oct. 8, 1986, unless
otherwise noted. § 56.3202 Scaling tools.
Where manual scaling is performed, a
§ 56.3000 Definitions. scaling bar shall be provided. This bar
The following definitions apply in shall be of a length and design that will
this subpart. allow the removal of loose material
294
without exposing the person per- (2) The torque of the first bolt, every
forming this work to injury. tenth bolt, and the last bolt installed
in each work area during the shift shall
§ 56.3203 Rock fixtures. be accurately determined immediately
(a) For rock bolts and accessories ad- after installation. If the torque of any
dressed in ASTM F432–95, ‘‘Standard fixture tested does not fall within the
Specification for Roof and Rock Bolts installation torque range, corrective
and Accessories,’’ the mine operator action shall be taken.
shall— (g) When grouted fixtures can be test-
(1) Obtain a manufacturer’s certified by applying torque, the first fixture
cation that the material was manufac- installed in each work place shall be
tured and tested in accordance with tested to withstand 150 foot-pounds of
the specifications of ASTM F432–95; torque. Should it rotate in the hole, a
and second fixture shall be tested in the
(2) Make this certification available same manner. If the second fixture also
to an authorized representative of the turns, corrective action shall be taken.
Secretary and to the representative of (h) When other tensioned and nonten-
miners.
sioned fixtures are used, test methods
(b) Fixtures and accessories not ad-
shall be established to verify their ef-
dressed in ASTM F432–95 may be used
fectiveness.
for ground support provided they—
(i) The mine operator shall certify
(1) Have been successful in sup-
porting the ground in an area with that tests were conducted and make
similar strata, opening dimensions and the certification available to an au-
ground stresses in any mine; or thorized representative of the Sec-
(2) Have been tested and shown to be retary.
effective in supporting ground in an [51 FR 36197, Oct. 8, 1986, as amended at 51 FR
area of the affected mine which has 36804, Oct. 16, 1986; 63 FR 20030, Apr. 22, 1998]
similar strata, opening dimensions, and
ground stresses as the area where the PRECAUTIONS
fixtures are expected to be used. Dur-
ing the test process, access to the test § 56.3400 Secondary breakage.
area shall be limited to persons nec- Prior to secondary breakage oper-
essary to conduct the test. ations, material to be broken, other
(c) Bearing plates shall be used with than hanging material, shall be posi-
fixtures when necessary for effective tioned or blocked to prevent movement
ground support. which would endanger persons in the
(d) The diameter of finishing bits work area. Secondary breakage shall
shall be within a tolerance of plus or be performed from a location which
minus 0.030 inch of the manufacturer’s would not expose persons to danger.
recommended hole diameter for the an-
chor used. When separate finishing bits § 56.3401 Examination of ground con-
are used, they shall be distinguishable ditions.
from other bits.
(e) Damaged or deteriorated car- Persons experienced in examining
tridges of grouting material shall not and testing for loose ground shall be
be used. designated by the mine operator. Ap-
(f) When rock bolts tensioned by propriate supervisors or other des-
torquing are used as a means of ground ignated persons shall examine and,
support, where applicable, test ground condi-
(1) Selected tension level shall be— tions in areas where work is to be per-
(i) At least 50 percent of either the formed prior to work commencing,
yield point of the bolt or anchorage ca- after blasting, and as ground condi-
pacity of the rock, whichever is less; tions warrant during the work shift.
and Highwalls and banks adjoining
(ii) No greater than the yield point of travelways shall be examined weekly
the bolt or anchorage capacity of the or more often if changing ground con-
rock. ditions warrant.
295
§ 56.3430 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 56.3430 Activity between machinery ed where a fire or explosion hazard ex-

or equipment and the highwall or ists.
bank.
§ 56.4102 Spillage and leakage.
Persons shall not work or travel be-
tween machinery or equipment and the Flammable or combustible liquid
highwall or bank where the machinery spillage or leakage shall be removed in
or equipment may hinder escape from a timely manner or controlled to pre-
falls or slides of the highwall or bank. vent a fire hazard.
Travel is permitted when necessary for
persons to dismount. § 56.4103 Fueling internal combustion
engines.
Subpart C—Fire Prevention and Internal combustion engines shall be
switched off before refueling if the fuel
Control tanks are integral parts of the equip-
ment. This standard does not apply to
AUTHORITY: Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety diesel-powered equipment.
and Health Act of 1977, Pub. L. 91–173, as
amended by Pub. L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30 § 56.4104 Combustible waste.
U.S.C. 811).
(a) Waste materials, including liq-
§ 56.4000 Definitions. uids, shall not accumulate in quan-
tities that could create a fire hazard.
The following definitions apply in
(b) Until disposed of properly, waste
this subpart.
or rags containing flammable or com-
Flash point. The minimum tempera-
bustible liquids that could create a fire
ture at which sufficient vapor is re-
hazard shall be placed in covered metal
leased by a liquid to form a flammable
containers or other equivalent con-
vapor-air mixture near the surface of
tainers with flame containment char-
the liquid.
acteristics.
Safety can. A container of not over
five gallons capacity that is designed § 56.4130 Electric substations and liq-
to safely relieve internal pressure when uid storage facilities.
exposed to heat and has a spring-clos-
(a) If a hazard to persons could be
ing lid and spout cover.
created, no combustible materials shall
[50 FR 4054, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 68 be stored or allowed to accumulate
FR 32361, May 30, 2003; 69 FR 38840, June 29, within 25 feet of the following:
2004] (1) Electric substations.
(2) Unburied, flammable or combus-
§ 56.4011 Abandoned electric circuits. tible liquid storage tanks.
Abandoned electric circuits shall be (3) Any group of containers used for
deenergized and isolated so that they storage of more than 60 gallons of flam-
cannot become energized inadvert- mable or combustible liquids.
ently. (b) The area within the 25-foot perim-
eter shall be kept free of dry vegeta-
PROHIBITIONS/PRECAUTIONS/ tion.
HOUSEKEEPING
FIREFIGHTING EQUIPMENT
§ 56.4100 Smoking and use of open
flames. § 56.4200 General requirements.
No person shall smoke or use an open (a) For fighting fires that could en-
flame where flammable or combustible danger persons, each mine shall have—
liquids, including greases, or flam- (1) Onsite firefighting equipment for
mable gases are— fighting fires in their early stages; and
(a) Used or transported in a manner (2) Onsite firefighting equipment for
that could create a fire hazard; or fighting fires beyond their early stages,
(b) Stored or handled. or the mine shall have made prior ar-
rangements with a local fire depart-
§ 56.4101 Warning signs. ment to fight such fires.
Readily visible signs prohibiting (b) This onsite firefighting equip-

smoking and open flames shall be post- ment shall be—
296
(1) Of the type, size, and quantity hydrostatic testing shall be retained
that can extinguish fires of any class until the fire extinguisher is retested
which could occur as a result of the or permanently removed from service.
hazards present; and Other certifications shall be retained
(2) Strategically located, readily ac- for one year.
cessible, plainly marked, and main-
tained in fire-ready condition. TABLE C–1—HYDROSTATIC TEST INTERVALS
FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
FR 20100, May 14, 1985] Test in-
Extinguisher type terval
§ 56.4201 Inspection. (years)
(a) Firefighting equipment shall be Soda Acid .............................................................. 5

inspected according to the following Cartridge-Operated Water and/or Antifreeze ........ 5
schedules: Stored-Pressure Water and/or Antifreeze ............. 5
Wetting Agent ........................................................ 5
(1) Fire extinguishers shall be in-
Foam ...................................................................... 5
spected visually at least once a month AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming Foam) ................... 5
to determine that they are fully Loaded Stream ...................................................... 5
charged and operable. Dry-Chemical with Stainless Steel Shells ............. 5
(2) At least once every twelve Carbon Dioxide ...................................................... 5
months, maintenance checks shall be Dry-Chemical, Stored Pressure, with Mild Steel
Shells, Brazed Brass Shells, or Aluminum
made of mechanical parts, the amount Shells ................................................................. 12
and condition of extinguishing agent Dry-Chemical, Cartridge or Cylinder Operated,
and expellant, and the condition of the with Mild Steel Shells ......................................... 12
hose, nozzle, and vessel to determine Bromotrifluoromethane—Halon 1301 .................... 12
that the fire extinguishers will operate Bromochlorodifluoromethane—Halon 1211 .......... 12
Dry-Powder, Cartridge or Cylinder-Operated, with
effectively. Mild Steel Shells 1 .............................................. 12
(3) Fire extinguishers shall be
1 Exceptfor stainless steel and steel used for compressed
hydrostatically tested according to gas cylinders, all other steel shells are defined as ‘‘mild steel’’
Table C–1 or a schedule based on the shells.
manufacturer’s specifications to deter-
mine the integrity of extinguishing § 56.4202 Fire hydrants.
agent vessels. If fire hydrants are part of the mine’s
(4) Water pipes, valves, outlets, hy- firefighting system, the hydrants shall
drants, and hoses that are part of the be provided with—
mine’s firefighting system shall be vis- (a) Uniform fittings or readily avail-
ually inspected at least once every able adapters for onsite firefighting
three months for damage or deteriora- equipment;
tion and use-tested at least once every (b) Readily available wrenches or
twelve months to determine that they keys to open the valves; and
remain functional.
(c) Readily available adapters capa-
(5) Fire suppression systems shall be
ble of connecting hydrant fittings to
inspected at least once every twelve
the hose equipment of any firefighting
months. An inspection schedule based
organization relied upon by the mine.
on the manufacturer’s specifications or
the equivalent shall be established for § 56.4203 Extinguisher recharging or
individual components of a system and replacement.
followed to determine that the system
remains functional. Surface fire sup- Fire extinguishers shall be recharged
pression systems are exempt from or replaced with a fully charged extin-
these inspection requirements if the guisher promptly after any discharge.
systems are used solely for the protec-
§ 56.4230 Self-propelled equipment.
tion of property and no persons would
be affected by a fire. (a)(1) Whenever a fire or its effects
(b) At the completion of each inspec- could impede escape from self-propelled
tion or test required by this standard, equipment, a fire extinguisher shall be
the person making the inspection or on the equipment.
test shall certify that the inspection or (2) Whenever a fire or its effects
test has been made and the date on would not impede escape from the
which it was made. Certifications of equipment but could affect the escape
297
§ 56.4330 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
of other persons in the area, a fire ex- Piping shall be provided with flexible
tinguisher shall be on the equipment or connections or other special fittings
within 100 feet of the equipment. where necessary to prevent leaks
(b) A fire suppression system may be caused by tanks settling.
used as an alternative to fire extin-
guishers if the system can be manually § 56.4402 Safety can use.
activated.
Small quantities of flammable liq-
(c) Fire extinguishers or fire suppres-
uids drawn from storage shall be kept
sion systems shall be of a type and size
that can extinguish fires of any class in in safety cans labeled to indicate the
their early stages which could origi- contents.
nate from the equipment’s inherent
§ 56.4430 Storage facilities.
fire hazards. Fire extinguishers or
manual actuators for the suppression (a) Storage tanks for flammable or
system shall be located to permit their combustible liquids shall be—
use by persons whose escape could be (1) Capable of withstanding working
impeded by fire. pressures and stresses and compatible
with the type of liquid stored;
FIREFIGHTING PROCEDURES/ALARMS/
DRILLS (2) Maintained in a manner that pre-
vents leakage;
§ 56.4330 Firefighting, evacuation, and (3) Isolated or separated from igni-
rescue procedures. tion sources to prevent fire or explo-
(a) Mine operators shall establish sion; and
emergency firefighting, evacuation, (4) Vented or otherwise constructed
and rescue procedures. These proce- to prevent development of pressure or
dures shall be coordinated in advance vacuum as a result of filling, emptying,
with available firefighting organiza- or atmospheric temperature changes.
tions. Vents for storage of Class I, II, or IIIA
(b) Fire alarm procedures or systems liquids shall be isolated or separated
shall be established to promptly warn from ignition sources. These pressure
every person who could be endangered relief requirements do not apply to
by a fire. tanks used for storage of Class IIIB liq-
(c) Fire alarm systems shall be main-
uids that are larger than 12,000 gallons
tained in operable condition.
in capacity.
§ 56.4331 Firefighting drills. (b) All piping, valves, and fittings
Emergency firefighting drills shall be shall be—
held at least once every six months for (1) Capable of withstanding working
persons assigned firefighting respon- pressures and stresses;
sibilities by the mine operator. (2) Compatible with the type of liquid
stored; and
FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS (3) Maintained in a manner that pre-
AND GASES vents leakage.
§ 56.4400 Use restrictions. (c) Fixed, unburied tanks located
where escaping liquid could present a
(a) Flammable liquids shall not be hazard to persons shall be provided
used for cleaning.
with—
(b) Solvents shall not be used near an
open flame or other ignition source, (1) Containment for the entire capac-
near any source of heat, or in an at- ity of the largest tank; or
mosphere that can elevate the tem- (2) Drainage of a remote impound-
perature of the solvent above the flash ment area that does not endanger per-
point. sons. However, storage of only Class
IIIB liquids does not require contain-
§ 56.4401 Storage tank foundations. ment or drainage to remote impound-
Fixed, unburied, flammable or com- ment.
bustible liquid storage tanks shall be

securely mounted on firm foundations.
298
INSTALLATION/CONSTRUCTION/ to prevent the accumulation of flam-

MAINTENANCE mable vapors.
(b) In addition, the buildings or
§ 56.4500 Heat sources. rooms shall be—
Heat sources capable of producing (1) Constructed to meet a fire resist-
combustion shall be separated from ance rating of at least one hour; or
combustible materials if a fire hazard (2) Equipped with an automatic fire
could be created. suppression system; or
(3) Equipped with an early warning
§ 56.4501 Fuel lines. fire detection device that will alert any
Fuel lines shall be equipped with person who could be endangered by a
valves capable of stopping the flow of fire, provided that no person’s work
fuel at the source and shall be located station is in the building.
and maintained to minimize fire haz- (c) Flammable or combustible liquids
ards. This standard does not apply to in use for day-to-day maintenance and
fuel lines on self-propelled equipment. operational activities are not consid-
ered in storage under this standard.
§ 56.4502 Battery-charging stations.
WELDING/CUTTING/COMPRESSED GASES
(a) Battery-charging stations shall be
ventilated with a sufficient volume of § 56.4600 Extinguishing equipment.
air to prevent the accumulation of hy- (a) When welding, cutting, soldering,
drogen gas. thawing, or bending—
(b) Smoking, use of open flames, or (1) With an electric arc or with an
other activities that could create an ig- open flame where an electrically con-
nition source shall be prohibited at the ductive extinguishing agent could cre-
battery charging station during bat- ate an electrical hazard, a multipur-
tery charging. pose dry-chemical fire extinguisher or
(c) Readily visible signs prohibiting other extinguisher with at least a 2–
smoking or open flames shall be posted A:10–B:C rating shall be at the work-
at battery-charging stations during site.
battery charging. (2) With an open flame in an area
where no electrical hazard exists, a
§ 56.4503 Conveyor belt slippage. multipurpose dry-chemical fire extin-
Belt conveyors within confined areas guisher or equivalent fire extin-
where evacuation would be restricted guishing equipment for the class of fire
in the event of a fire resulting from hazard present shall be at the worksite.
belt-slippage shall be equipped with a (b) Use of halogenated fire extin-
detection system capable of automati- guishing agents to meet the require-
cally stopping the drive pulley. A per- ments of this standard shall be limited
son shall attend the belt at the drive to Halon 1211 (CBrClF2) and Halon 1301
pulley when it is necessary to operate (CBrF3). When these agents are used in
the conveyor while temporarily bypass- confined or unventilated areas, pre-
ing the automatic function. cautions based on the manufacturer’s
use instructions shall be taken so that
§ 56.4530 Exits. the gases produced by thermal
Buildings or structures in which per- decompostion of the agents are not in-
sons work shall have a sufficient num- haled.
ber of exits to permit prompt escape in
case of fire. § 56.4601 Oxygen cylinder storage.
Oxygen cylinders shall not be stored
§ 56.4531 Flammable or combustible in rooms or areas used or designated
liquid storage buildings or rooms. for storage of flammable or combus-
(a) Storage buildings or storage tible liquids, including grease.
rooms in which flammable or combus-
tible liquids, including grease, are § 56.4602 Gauges and regulators.
stored and that are within 100 feet of Gauges and regulators used with oxy-
any person’s work station shall be ven- gen or acetylene cylinders shall be
tilated with a sufficient volume of air kept clean and free of oil and grease.
299
§ 56.4603 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 56.4603 Closure of valves. MSHA National consensus standard

standard
To prevent accidental release of
gases from hoses and torches attached § 56.4203 .. NFPA No. 10—Portable Fire Extinguishers.
§ 56.4230 .. NFPA No. 10—Portable Fire Extinguishers.
to oxygen and acetylene cylinders or to NFPA No. 121—Mobile Surface Mining Equip-
manifold systems, cylinder or manifold ment.
system valves shall be closed when—
(a) The cylinders are moved;
(b) The torch and hoses are left unat- Subpart D—Air Quality and
tended; or Physical Agents
(c) The task or series of tasks is com-
pleted. AIR QUALITY
§ 56.4604 Preparation of pipelines or § 56.5001 Exposure limits for airborne

containers. contaminants.
Before welding, cutting, or applying Except as permitted by § 56.5005—
heat with an open flame to pipelines or (a) Except as provided in paragraph
containers that have contained flam- (b) of this section, the exposure to air-
mable or combustible liquids, flam- borne contaminants shall not exceed,
mable gases, or explosive solids, the on the basis of a time weighted aver-
pipelines or containers shall be— age, the threshold limit values adopted
(a) Drained, ventilated, and thor- by the American Conference of Govern-
oughly cleaned of any residue; mental Industrial Hygienists, as set
(b) Vented to prevent pressure build- forth and explained in the 1973 edition
up during the application of heat; and of the Conference’s publication, enti-
(c)(1) Filled with an inert gas or tled ‘‘TLV’s Threshold Limit Values
water, where compatible; or for Chemical Substances in Workroom
(2) Determined to be free of flam- Air Adopted by ACGIH for 1973,’’ pages
mable gases by a flammable gas detec- 1 through 54, which are hereby incor-
tion device prior to and at frequent in- porated by reference and made a part
tervals during the application of heat. hereof. This publication may be ob-
tained from the American Conference
APPENDIX I TO SUBPART C OF PART 56— of Governmental industrial Hygienists
NATIONAL CONSENSUS STANDARDS by writing to 1330 Kemper Meadow
Mine operators seeking further informa- Drive, Attn: Customer Service, Cin-
tion in the area of fire prevention and con- cinnati, OH 45240; http://www.acgih.org’’,
trol may consult the following national con- or may be examined in any Metal and
sensus standards. Nonmetal Mine Safety and Health Dis-
trict Office of the Mine Safety and
MSHA National consensus standard Health Administration. Excursions
standard
above the listed thresholds shall not be
§§ 56.4200, NFPA No. 10—Portable Fire Extinguisher.
56.4201.
of a greater magnitude than is charac-
NFPA No. 11—Low Expansion Foam and Com- terized as permissible by the Con-
bined Agent Systems. ference.
NFPA No. 11A—High Expansion Foam Sys- (b) Asbestos standard—(1) Definitions.
tems.
NFPA No. 12—Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Asbestos is a generic term for a num-
Systems. ber of asbestiform hydrated silicates
NFPA No. 12A—Halon 1301 Extinguishing Sys- that, when crushed or processed, sepa-
tems.
NFPA No. 13—Water Sprinkler Systems. rate into flexible fibers made up of
NFPA No. 14—Standpipe and Hose Systems. fibrils.
NFPA No. 15—Water Spray Fixed Systems. Asbestos means chrysotile,
NFPA No. 16—Foam Water Spray Systems.
NFPA No. 17—Dry-Chemical Extinguishing cummingtonite-grunerite asbestos
Systems. (amosite), crocidolite, anthophylite as-
NFPA No. 121—Mobile Surface Mining Equip- bestos, tremolite asbestos, and actino-
ment.
NFPA No. 291—Testing and Marketing Hy-
lite asbestos.
drants. Asbestos fiber means a fiber of asbes-
NFPA No. 1962—Care, Use, and Maintenance tos that meets the criteria of a fiber.
of Fire Hose, Connections, and Nozzles. Fiber means a particle longer than 5
§ 56.4202 .. NFPA No. 14—Standpipe and Hose Systems.

NFPA No. 291—Testing and Marketing Hy- micrometers (μm) with a length-to-di-
drants. ameter ratio of at least 3-to-1.
300
(2) Permissible Exposure Limits have not been developed or when nec-
(PELs)—(i) Full-shift limit. A miner’s essary by the nature of work involved
personal exposure to asbestos shall not (for example, while establishing con-
exceed an 8-hour time-weighted aver- trols or occasional entry into haz-
age full-shift airborne concentration of ardous atmospheres to perform mainte-
0.1 fiber per cubic centimeter of air (f/ nance or investigation), employees
cc). may work for reasonable periods of
(ii) Excursion limit. No miner shall be time in concentrations of airborne con-
exposed at any time to airborne contaminants exceeding permissible levels
centrations of asbestos in excess of 1 if they are protected by appropriate
fiber per cubic centimeter of air (f/cc) respiratory protective equipment.
as averaged over a sampling period of Whenever respiratory protective equip-
30 minutes. ment is used a program for selection,
(3) Measurement of airborne asbestos maintenance, training, fitting, super-
fiber concentration. Potential asbestos vision, cleaning, and use shall meet the
fiber concentration shall be determined following minimum requirements:
by phase contrast microscopy (PCM) (a) Respirators approved by NIOSH
using the OSHA Reference Method in under 42 CFR part 84 which are applica-
OSHA’s asbestos standard found in 29 ble and suitable for the purpose in-
CFR 1910.1001, Appendix A, or a method tended shall be furnished and miners
at least equivalent to that method in shall use the protective equipment in
identifying a potential asbestos expo- accordance with training and instruc-
sure exceeding the 0.1 f/cc full-shift tion.
limit or the 1 f/cc excursion limit. (b) A respirator program consistent
When PCM results indicate a potential with the requirements of ANSI Z88.2–
exposure exceeding the 0.1 f/cc full- 1969, published by the American Na-
shift limit or the 1 f/cc excursion limit, tional Standards Institute and entitled
samples shall be further analyzed using ‘‘American National Standards Prac-
transmission electron microscopy ac- tices for Respiratory Protection ANSI
cording to NIOSH Method 7402 or a Z88.2–1969,’’ approved August 11, 1969,
method at least equivalent to that which is hereby incorporated by ref-
method. erence and made a part hereof. This
(c) Employees shall be withdrawn publication may be obtained from the
from areas where there is present an American National Standards Insti-
airborne contaminant given a ‘‘C’’ des- tute, Inc., 25 W. 43rd Street, 4th Floor,
ignation by the Conference and the New York, NY 10036; http://
concentration exceeds the threshold www.ansi.org’’, or may be examined in
limit value listed for that contami- any Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety
nant. and Health District Office of the Mine
Safety and Health Administration.
FR 35695, July 11, 1995; 71 FR 16667, Apr. 3, (c) When respiratory protection is
2006; 73 FR 11303, Feb. 29, 2008; 73 FR 66172, used in atmospheres immediately
Nov. 7, 2008] harmful to life, the presence of at least
one other person with backup equip-
§ 56.5002 Exposure monitoring. ment and rescue capability shall be re-
Dust, gas, mist, and fume surveys quired in the event of failure of the res-
shall be conducted as frequently as piratory equipment.
necessary to determine the adequacy of [50 FR 4054, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 60
control measures. FR 30400, June 8, 1995; 60 FR 33723, June 29,
1995; 60 FR 35695, July 11, 1995; 71 FR 16667,
§ 56.5005 Control of exposure to air- Apr. 3, 2006]
borne contaminants.
Control of employee exposure to § 56.5006 Restricted use of chemicals.
harmful airborne contaminants shall The following chemical substances
be, insofar as feasible, by prevention of shall not be used or stored except by
contamination, removal by exhaust competent persons under laboratory
ventilation, or by dilution with conditions approved by a nationally
uncontaminated air. However, where recognized agency acceptable to the

accepted, engineering control measures Secretary.
301
§ 56.6000 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(a) Carbon tetrachloride. used for lighting a series of safety fuses

(b) Phenol, in a desired sequence.
(c) 4-Nitrobiphenyl, Magazine. A bullet-resistant, theft-
(d) Alpha-naphthylamine, resistant, fire-resistant, weather-re-
(e) 4,4-Methylene Bis (2- sistant, ventilated facility for the stor-
chloroaniline), age of explosives and detonators (BATF
(f) Methyl-chloromethyl ether, Type 1 or Type 2 facility).
(g) 3,3 Dichlorobenzidine, Misfire. The complete or partial fail-
(h) Bis (chloromethyl) ether, ure of explosive material to detonate
(i) Beta-napthylamine, as planned. The term also is used to de-
(j) Benzidine, scribe the explosive material itself
(k) 4-Aminodiphenyl, that has failed to detonate.
(l) Ethyleneimine, Primer. A unit, package, or cartridge
(m) Beta-propiolactone, of explosives which contains a deto-
(n) 2-Acetylaminofluorene, nator and is used to initiate other ex-
(o) 4-Dimethylaminobenzene, and plosives or blasting agents.
(p) N-Nitrosodimethylamine. Safety switch. A switch that provides
shunt protection in blasting circuits
Subpart E—Explosives between the blast site and the switch
used to connect a power source to the
blasting circuit.
SOURCE: 61 FR 36795, July 12, 1996, unless
otherwise noted. Slurry. An explosive material con-
taining substantial portions of a liquid,
§ 56.6000 Definitions. oxidizers, and fuel, plus a thickener.
The following definitions apply in Water gel. An explosive material con-
this subpart. taining substantial portions of water,
Blasting agent. Any substance classi- oxidizers, and fuel, plus a cross-linking
fied as a blasting agent by the Depart- agent.
ment of Transportation in 49 CFR [50 FR 4054, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 67
173.114a(a). This document is available FR 38385, June 4, 2002; 68 FR 32361, May 30,
at any MSHA Metal and Nonmetal 2003; 69 FR 38840, June 29, 2004; 85 FR 2027,
Safety and Health district office. Jan. 14, 2020]
Detonating cord. A flexible cord con-
taining a center core of high explosives STORAGE
which may be used to initiate other ex-
§ 56.6100 Separation of stored explo-
plosives. sive material.
Detonator. Any device containing a
detonating charge used to initiate an (a) Detonators shall not be stored in
explosive. These devices include elec- the same magazine with other explo-
tronic detonators, electric or nonelec- sive material.
tric instantaneous or delay blasting (b) When stored in the same maga-
caps, and delay connectors. The term zine, blasting agents shall be separated
‘‘detonator’’ does not include deto- from explosives, safety fuse, and deto-
nating cord. Detonators may be either nating cord to prevent contamination.
‘‘Class A’’ detonators or ‘‘Class C’’ det-
onators, as classified by the Depart- § 56.6101 Areas around explosive mate-
ment of Transportation in 49 CFR rial storage facilities.
173.53 and 173.100, which is available at (a) Areas surrounding storage facili-
any MSHA Metal and Nonmetal Safety ties for explosive material shall be
and Health district office. clear of rubbish, brush, dry grass, and
Flash point. The minimum tempera- trees for 25 feet in all directions, except
ture at which sufficient vapor is re- that live trees 10 feet or taller need not
leased by a liquid to form a flammable be removed.
vapor-air mixture near the surface of (b) Other combustibles shall not be
the liquid. stored or allowed to accumulate within
Igniter cord. A fuse that burns pro- 50 feet of explosive material. Combus-
gressively along its length with an ex- tible liquids shall be stored in a man-
ternal flame at the zone of burning, ner that ensures drainage will occur
302
away from the explosive material stor- (2) Detached structures located out-
age facility in case of tank rupture. side the blast area and a sufficient dis-
tance from powerlines so that the
§ 56.6102 Explosive material storage powerlines, if damaged, would not con-
practices. tact the magazines.
(a) Explosive material shall be— (b) Operators should also be aware of
(1) Stored in a manner to facilitate regulations affecting storage facilities
use of oldest stocks first; in 27 CFR part 55, in particular, 27 CFR
(2) Stored according to brand and 55.218 and 55.220. This document is
grade in such a manner as to facilitate available at any MSHA Metal and
identification; and Nonmetal Safety and Health district
(3) Stacked in a stable manner but office.
not more than 8 feet high.
(b) Explosives and detonators shall be § 56.6132 Magazine requirements.
stored in closed nonconductive con- (a) Magazines shall be—
tainers except that nonelectric deto- (1) Structurally sound;
nating devices may be stored on non- (2) Noncombustible or the exterior
conductive racks provided the case-in- covered with fire-resistant material;
sert instructions and the date-plant- (3) Bullet resistant;
shift code are maintained with the (4) Made of nonsparking material on
product. the inside;
(5) Ventilated to control dampness
§ 56.6130 Explosive material storage and excessive heating within the maga-
facilities. zine;
(a) Detonators and explosives shall be (6) Posted with the appropriate
stored in magazines. United States Department of Transpor-
(b) Packaged blasting agents shall be tation placards or other appropriate
stored in a magazine or other facility warning signs that indicate the con-
which is ventilated to prevent damp- tents and are visible from each ap-
ness and excessive heating, weather-re- proach, so located that a bullet passing
sistant, and locked or attended. Drop through any of the signs will not strike
trailers do not have to be ventilated if the magazine;
they are currently licensed by the Fed- (7) Kept clean and dry inside;
eral, State, or local authorities for (8) Unlighted or lighted by devices
over-the-road use. Facilities other than that are specifically designed for use in
magazines used to store blasting magazines and which do not create a
agents shall contain only blasting fire or explosion hazard;
agents. (9) Unheated or heated only with de-
(c) Bulk blasting agents shall be vices that do not create a fire or explo-
stored in weather-resistant bins or sion hazard;
tanks which are locked, attended, or (10) Locked when unattended; and
otherwise inaccessible to unauthorized (11) Used exclusively for the storage
entry. of explosive material except for essen-
(d) Facilities, bins or tanks shall be tial nonsparking equipment used for
posted with the appropriate United the operation of the magazine.
States Department of Transportation (b) Metal magazines shall be
placards or other appropriate warning equipped with electrical bonding con-
signs that indicate the contents and nections between all conductive por-
are visible from each approach. tions so the entire structure is at the
same electrical potential. Suitable
§ 56.6131 Location of explosive mate- electrical bonding methods include
rial storage facilities. welding, riveting, or the use of securely
(a) Storage facilities for any explo- tightened bolts where individual metal
sive material shall be— portions are joined. Conductive por-
(1) Located so that the forces gen- tions of nonmetal magazines shall be
erated by a storage facility explosion grounded.
will not create a hazard to occupants (c) Electrical switches and outlets
in mine buildings and will not damage shall be located on the outside of the
dams or electric substations; and magazine.
303
§ 56.6133 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 56.6133 Powder chests. TRANSPORTATION

(a) Powder chests (day boxes) shall § 56.6200 Delivery to storage or blast
be— site areas.
(1) Structurally sound, weather-re-
sistant, equipped with a lid or cover, Explosive material shall be trans-
and with only nonsparking material on ported without undue delay to the stor-
the inside; age area or blast site.
(2) Posted with the appropriate
United States Department of Transpor- § 56.6201 Separation of transported ex-
plosive material.
tation placards or other appropriate
warning signs that indicate the con- Detonators shall not be transported
tents and are visible from each ap- on the same vehicle or conveyance
proach; with other explosives except as follows:
(3) Located out of the blast area once (a) Detonators in quantities of more
loading has been completed; than 1000 may be transported in a vehi-
(4) Locked or attended when con- cle or conveyance with explosives or
taining explosive material; and blasting agents provided the deto-
(5) Emptied at the end of each shift nators are—
with the contents returned to a maga- (1) Maintained in the original pack-
zine or other storage facility, or at- aging as shipped from the manufac-
tended. turer; and
(b) Detonators shall be kept in chests (2) Separated from explosives or
separate from explosives or blasting
blasting agents by 4 inches of hardwood
agents, unless separated by 4 inches of
or equivalent, or a laminated partition.
hardwood or equivalent, or a laminated
The hardwood or equivalent shall be
partition. When a laminated partition
is used, operators must follow the pro- fastened to the vehicle or conveyance.
visions of the Institute of Makers of When a laminated partition is used, op-
Explosives (IME) Safety Library Publi- erators must follow the provisions of
cation No. 22, ‘‘Recommendations for the Institute of Makers of Explosives
the Safe Transportation of Detonators (IME) Safety Library Publication
in a Vehicle with Other Explosive Ma- No.22, ‘‘Recommendations for the Safe
terials’’ (May 1993), and the ‘‘Generic Transportation of Detonators in a Ve-
Loading Guide for the IME–22 Con- hicle with Other Explosive Materials’’
tainer’’ (October 1993). The IME is lo- (May 1993), and the ‘‘Generic Loading
cated at 1120 19th Street NW., Suite 310, Guide for the IME–22 Container’’ (Octo-
Washington, DC 20036–3605; 202–429–9280; ber 1993). The IME is located at 1120
https://www.ime.org. This incorporation 19th Street NW., Suite 310, Washington,
by reference has been approved by the DC 20036–3605; 202–429–9280; https://
Director of the Federal Register in ac- www.ime.org. This incorporation by ref-
cordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR erence has been approved by the Direc-
part 51. Copies are available at MSHA’s tor of the Federal Register in accord-
Office of Standards, Regulations, and ance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR
Variances, 201 12th Street South, Ar- part 51. Copies are available at MSHA’s
lington, VA 22202–5452; 202–693–9440; and Office of Standards, Regulations, and
at all Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety Variances, 201 12th Street South, Ar-
and Health District Offices, or avail-
lington, VA 22202–5452; 202–693–9440; and
able for inspection at the National Ar-
at all Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety
chives and Records Administration
(NARA). For information on the avail- and Health District Offices, or avail-
ability of this material at NARA, call able for inspection at the National Ar-
202–741–6030, or go to: http:// chives and Records Administration
www.archives.gov/federallregister/ (NARA). For information on the avail-
codeloflfederallregulations/ ability of this material at NARA, call
ibrllocations.html. 202–741–6030, or go to: http://
www.archives.gov/federallregister/

codeloflfederallregulations/
FR 38385, June 4, 2002; 80 FR 52987, Sept. 2,
2015] ibrllocations.html.
304
(b) Detonators in quantities of 1000 or (4) Equipped with at least two multi-
fewer may be transported with explo- purpose dry-chemical fire extin-
sives or blasting agents provided the guishers or one such extinguisher and
detonators are— an automatic fire suppression system;
(1) Kept in closed containers; and (5) Posted with warning signs that in-
(2) Separated from explosives or dicate the contents and are visible
blasting agents by 4 inches of hardwood from each approach;
or equivalent, or a laminated partition. (6) Occupied only by persons nec-
The hardwood or equivalent shall be essary for handling the explosive mate-
fastened to the vehicle or conveyance. rial;
When a laminated partition is used, op- (7) Attended or the cargo compart-
erators must follow the provisions of ment locked, except when parked at
IME Safety Library Publication No. 22, the blast site and loading is in
‘‘Recommendations for the Safe Trans- progress; and
portation of Detonators in a Vehicle (8) Secured while parked by having—
with Other Explosive Materials’’ (May (i) The brakes set;
1993), and the ‘‘Generic Loading Guide (ii) The wheels chocked if movement
for the IME–22 Container’’ (October could occur; and
1993). The IME is located at 1120 19th (iii) The engine shut off unless
Street NW., Suite 310, Washington, DC powering a device being used in the
20036–3605; 202–429–9280; https:// loading operation.
www.ime.org. This incorporation by ref- (b) Vehicles containing explosives
erence has been approved by the Direc- shall have—
tor of the Federal Register in accord- (1) No sparking material exposed in
ance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR the cargo space; and
part 51. Copies are available at MSHA’s (2) Only properly secured non-
Office of Standards, Regulations, and sparking equipment in the cargo space
Variances, 201 12th Street South, Ar- with the explosives.
lington, VA 22202–5452; 202–693–9440; and (c) Vehicles used for dispensing bulk
at all Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety explosive material shall—
and Health District Offices, or avail- (1) Have no zinc or copper exposed in
able for inspection at the National Ar- the cargo space; and
chives and Records Administration (2) Provide any enclosed screw-type
(NARA). For information on the avail- conveyors with protection against in-
ability of this material at NARA, call ternal pressure and frictional heat.
202–741–6030, or go to: http:// § 56.6203 Locomotives.
www.archives.gov/federallregister/
codeloflfederallregulations/ Explosive material shall not be
ibrllocations.html. transported on a locomotive. When ex-
plosive material is hauled by trolley
[50 FR 4054, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 67 locomotive, covered, electrically insu-
FR 38385, June 4, 2002; 80 FR 52987, Sept. 2, lated cars shall be used.
2015]
§ 56.6204 Hoists.
§ 56.6202 Vehicles.
(a) Before explosive material is
(a) Vehicles containing explosive ma- transported in hoist conveyances, the
terial shall be— hoist operator shall be notified.
(1) Maintained in good condition and (b) Explosive material transported in
shall comply with the requirements of hoist conveyances shall be placed with-
subpart M of this part; in a container which prevents shifting
(2) Equipped with sides and enclo- of the cargo that could cause detona-
sures higher than the explosive mate- tion of the container by impact or by
rial being transported or have the ex- sparks. The manufacturer’s container
plosive material secured to a non- may be used if secured to a nonconduc-
conductive pallet; tive pallet. When explosives are trans-
(3) Equipped with a cargo space that ported, they shall be secured so as not
shall contain the explosive material to contact any sparking material.
(passenger areas shall not be consid- (c) No explosive material shall be

ered cargo space); transported during a mantrip.
305
§ 56.6205 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 56.6205 Conveying explosives by water gel, or emulsions are not consid-

hand. ered rigid cartridges and may be drop
Closed, nonconductive containers loaded.
shall be used to carry explosives and
§ 56.6305 Unused explosive material.
detonators to and from blast sites. Sep-
arate containers shall be used for ex- Unused explosive material shall be
plosives and detonators. moved to a protected location as soon
as practical after loading operations
USE are completed.
§ 56.6300 Control of blasting oper- § 56.6306 Loading, blasting, and secu-
ations. rity.
(a) Only persons trained and experi- (a) When explosive materials or initi-
enced in the handling and use of explo- ating systems are brought to the blast
sive material shall direct blasting op- site, the blast site shall be attended;
erations and related activities. barricaded and posted with warning
(b) Trainees and inexperienced per- signs, such as ‘‘Danger,’’ ‘‘Explosives,’’
sons shall work only in the immediate or ‘‘Keep Out;’’ or flagged against un-
presence of persons trained and experi- authorized entry.
enced in the handling and use of explo- (b) Vehicles and equipment shall not
sive material. be driven over explosive material or
initiating systems in a manner which
§ 56.6301 Blasthole obstruction check. could contact the material or systems,
Before loading, blastholes shall be or create other hazards.
checked and, wherever possible, cleared (c) Once loading begins, the only ac-
of obstructions. tivities permitted within the blast site
shall be those activities directly re-
§ 56.6302 Separation of explosive mate- lated to the blasting operation and the
rial. activities of surveying, stemming,
Explosives and blasting agents shall sampling of geology, and reopening of
be kept separated from detonators holes, provided that reasonable care is
until loading begins. exercised. Haulage activity is per-
mitted near the base of a highwall
§ 56.6303 Initiation preparation. being loaded or awaiting firing, pro-
(a) Primers shall be made up only at vided no other haulage access exists.
the time of use and as close to the (d) Loading and blasting shall be con-
blast site as conditions allow. ducted in a manner designed to facili-
(b) Primers shall be prepared with tate a continuous process, with the
the detonator contained securely and blast fired as soon as possible following
completely within the explosive or con- the completion of loading. If blasting a
tained securely and appropriately for loaded round may be delayed for more
its design in the tunnel or cap well. than 72 hours, the operator shall notify
(c) When using detonating cord to the appropriate MSHA district office.
initiate another explosive, a connec- (e) In electric blasting prior to con-
tion shall be prepared with the deto- necting to the power source, and in
nating cord threaded through, attached nonelectric blasting prior to attaching
securely to, or otherwise in contact an initiating device, all persons shall
with the explosive. leave the blast area except persons in a
blasting shelter or other location that
§ 56.6304 Primer protection. protects them from concussion (shock
(a) Tamping shall not be done di- wave), flying material, and gases.
rectly on a primer. (f) Before firing a blast—
(b) Rigid cartridges of explosives or (1) Ample warning shall be given to
blasting agents that are 4 inches (100 allow all persons to be evacuated;
millimeters) in diameter or larger shall (2) Clear exit routes shall be provided
not be dropped on the primer except for persons firing the round; and
where the blasthole contains sufficient (3) All access routes to the blast area
depth of water to protect the primer shall be guarded or barricaded to pre-

from impact. Slit packages of prill, vent the passage of persons or vehicles.
306
(g) Work shall not resume in the with a warning sign at a conspicuous
blast area until a post-blast examina- location to prohibit entry, and the con-
tion addressing potential blast-related dition shall be reported immediately to
hazards has been conducted by a person mine management.
with the ability and experience to per- (d) Misfires occurring during the
form the examination. shift shall be reported to mine manage-
ment not later than the end of the
§ 56.6307 Drill stem loading. shift.
Explosive material shall not be load-
ed into blastholes with drill stem § 56.6312 Secondary blasting.
equipment or other devices that could Secondary blasts fired at the same
be extracted while containing explosive time in the same work area shall be
material. The use of loading hose, col- initiated from one source.
lar sleeves, or collar pipes is permitted.
ELECTRIC BLASTING
§ 56.6308 Initiation systems.
Initiation systems shall be used in § 56.6400 Compatibility of electric det-
accordance with the manufacturer’s in- onators.
structions. All electric detonators to be fired in
a round shall be from the same manu-
§ 56.6309 Fuel oil requirements for
ANFO. facturer and shall have similar elec-
trical firing characteristics.
(a) Liquid hydrocarbon fuels with
flash points lower than that of No. 2 § 56.6401 Shunting.
diesel oil (125 °F) shall not be used to
Except during testing—
prepare ammonium nitrate-fuel oil, ex-
cept that diesel fuels with flash points (a) Electric detonators shall be kept
no lower than 100 °F may be used at shunted until connected to the blasting
ambient air temperatures below 45 °F. line or wired into a blasting round;
(b) Waste oil, including crankcase (b) Wired rounds shall be kept shunt-
oil, shall not be used to prepare ammo- ed until connected to the blasting line;
nium nitrate-fuel oil. and
(c) Blasting lines shall be kept shunt-
§ 56.6310 Misfire waiting period. ed until immediately before blasting.
When a misfire is suspected, persons
§ 56.6402 Deenergized circuits near
shall not enter the blast area— detonators.
(a) For 30 minutes if safety fuse and
blasting caps are used; Electrical distribution circuits with-
(b) For 15 minutes if any other type in 50 feet of electric detonators at the
detonators are used; or blast site shall be deenergized. Such
(c) For 30 minutes if electronic deto- circuits need not be deenergized be-
nators are used, or for the manufac- tween 25 to 50 feet of the electric deto-
turer-recommended time, whichever is nators if stray current tests, conducted
longer. as frequently as necessary, indicate a
maximum stray current of less than
[61 FR 36795, July 12, 1996, as amended at 85
FR 2027, Jan. 14, 2020] 0.05 amperes through a 1-ohm resistor
as measured at the blast site.
§ 56.6311 Handling of misfires.
§ 56.6403 Branch circuits.
(a) Faces and muck piles shall be ex-
amined for misfires after each blasting (a) If electric blasting includes the
operation. use of branch circuits, each branch
(b) Only work necessary to remove a shall be equipped with a safety switch
misfire and protect the safety of min- or equivalent method to isolate the cir-
ers engaged in the removal shall be cuits to be used.
permitted in the affected area until the (b) At least one safety switch or
misfire is disposed of in a safe manner. equivalent method of protection shall
(c) When a misfire cannot be disposed be located outside the blast area and
of safely, each approach to the area af- shall be in the open position until per-
fected by the misfire shall be posted sons are withdrawn.
307
§ 56.6404 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 56.6404 Separation of blasting cir- (d) Total blasting circuit resistance

cuits from power source. prior to connection to the power
source.
(a) Switches used to connect the
power source to a blasting circuit shall [61 FR 36795, July 12, 1996, as amended at 85
be locked in the open position except FR 2027, Jan. 14, 2020]
when closed to fire the blast.
NONELECTRIC BLASTING
(b) Lead wires shall not be connected
to the blasting switch until the shot is § 56.6500 Damaged initiating material.
ready to be fired. A visual check of the completed cir-
cuit shall be made to ensure that the
§ 56.6405 Firing devices.
components are properly aligned and
(a) Power sources shall be capable of connected. Safety fuse, igniter cord,
delivering sufficient current to ener- detonating cord, shock or gas tubing,
gize all electric detonators to be fired and similar material which is kinked,
with the type of circuits used. Storage bent sharply, or damaged shall not be
or dry cell batteries are not permitted used.
as power sources.
§ 56.6501 Nonelectric initiation sys-
(b) Blasting machines shall be tested, tems.
repaired, and maintained in accordance
with manufacturer’s instructions. (a) When the nonelectric initiation
system uses shock tube—
(c) Only the blaster shall have the
(1) Connections with other initiation
key or other control to an electrical
devices shall be secured in a manner
firing device.
which provides for uninterrupted prop-
§ 56.6406 Duration of current flow. agation;
(2) Factory-made units shall be used
If any part of a blast is connected in as assembled and shall not be cut ex-
parallel and is to be initiated from cept that a single splice is permitted
powerlines or lighting circuits, the on the lead-in trunkline during dry
time of current flow shall be limited to conditions; and
a maximum of 25 milliseconds. This (3) Connections between blastholes
can be accomplished by incorporating shall not be made until immediately
an arcing control device in the blasting prior to clearing the blast site when
circuit or by interrupting the circuit surface delay detonators are used.
with an explosive device attached to (b) When the nonelectric initiation
one or both lead lines and initiated by system uses detonating cord—
a 25-millisecond delay electric deto- (1) The line of detonating cord ex-
nator. tending out of a blasthole shall be cut
from the supply spool immediately
§ 56.6407 Circuit testing. after the attached explosive is cor-
rectly positioned in the hole;
A blasting galvanometer or other in- (2) In multiple row blasts, the trunk-
strument designed for testing blasting line layout shall be designed so that
circuits shall be used to test each of the detonation can reach each
the following: blasthole from at least two directions;
(a) Continuity of each electric or (3) Connections shall be tight and
electronic detonator in the blasthole kept at right angles to the trunkline;
prior to stemming and connection to (4) Detonators shall be attached se-
the blasting line. curely to the side of the detonating
(b) Resistance of individual series or cord and pointed in the direction in
the resistance of multiple balanced se- which detonation is to proceed;
ries to be connected in parallel prior to (5) Connections between blastholes
their connection to the blasting line. shall not be made until immediately
(c) Continuity of blasting lines prior prior to clearing the blast site when
to the connection of electric or elec- surface delay detonators are used; and
(6) Lead-in lines shall be manually
tronic detonator series.

unreeled if connected to the trunklines
at the blast site.
308
(c) When the nonelectric initiation EXTRANEOUS ELECTRICITY

system uses gas tube, continuity of the
circuit shall be tested prior to blasting. § 56.6600 Loading practices.
If extraneous electricity is suspected
§ 56.6502 Safety fuse. in an area where electric detonators
(a) The burning rate of each spool of are used, loading shall be suspended
safety fuse to be used shall be meas- until tests determine that stray cur-
ured, posted in locations which will be rent does not exceed 0.05 amperes
conspicuous to safety fuse users, and through a 1-ohm resister when meas-
brought to the attention of all persons ured at the location of the electric det-
involved with the blasting operation. onators. If greater levels of extraneous
(b) When firing with safety fuse ig- electricity are found, the source shall
nited individually using handheld be determined and no loading shall
take place until the condition is cor-
lighters, the safety fuse shall be of
rected.
lengths which provide at least the min-
imum burning time for a particular § 56.6601 Grounding.
size round, as specified in the following
table: Electric blasting circuits, including
powerline sources when used, shall not
TABLE E–1—SAFETY FUSE—MINIMUM BURNING be grounded.
TIME
§ 56.6602 Static electricity dissipation
Minimum during loading.
Number of holes in a round burning time
When explosive material is loaded
1 ......................................................... 2 min. 1 pneumatically into a blasthole in a
2–5 ..................................................... 2 min. 40 sec. manner that generates a static elec-
6–10 ................................................... 3 min. 20 sec. tricity hazard—
11 to 15 ............................................. 5 min.
(a) An evaluation of the potential
1 For example, at least a 36-inch length of 40-second-per- static electricity hazard shall be made
foot safety fuse or at least a 48-inch length of 30-second-per-
foot safety fuse would have to be used to allow sufficient time and any hazard shall be eliminated be-
to evacuate the area. fore loading begins;
(b) The loading hose shall be of a
(c) Where flyrock might damage ex-
semiconductive type, have a total of
posed safety fuse, the blast shall be
not more than 2 megohms of resistance
timed so that all safety fuses are burn-
over its entire length and not less than
ing within the blastholes before any 1000 ohms of resistance per foot;
blasthole detonates. (c) Wire-countered hoses shall not be
(d) Fuse shall be cut and capped in used;
dry locations. (d) Conductive parts of the loading
(e) Blasting caps shall be crimped to equipment shall be bonded and ground-
fuse only with implements designed for ed and grounds shall not be made to
that purpose. other potential sources of extraneous
(f) Safety fuse shall be ignited only electricity; and
after the primer and the explosive ma- (e) Plastic tubes shall not be used as
terial are securely in place. hole liners if the hole contains an elec-
(g) Safety fuse shall be ignited only tric detonator.
with devices designed for that purpose.
Carbide lights, liquefied petroleum gas § 56.6603 Air gap.
torches, and cigarette lighters shall At least a 15-foot air gap shall be pro-
not be used to light safety fuse. vided between the blasting circuit and
(h) At least two persons shall be the electric power source.
present when lighting safety fuse, and
no one shall light more than 15 indi- § 56.6604 Precautions during storms.
vidual fuses. If more than 15 holes per During the approach and progress of
person are to be fired, electric initi- an electrical storm, blasting operations
ation systems, igniter cord and connec- shall be suspended and persons with-
tors, or other nonelectric initiation drawn from the blast area or to a safe
systems shall be used. location.
309
§ 56.6605 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 56.6605 Isolation of blasting circuits. shall be insulated and kept in good re-
Lead wires and blasting lines shall be pair.
isolated and insulated from power con- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
ductors, pipelines, and railroad tracks,
and shall be protected from sources of § 56.6900 Damaged or deteriorated ex-
stray or static electricity. Blasting cir- plosive material.
cuits shall be protected from any con-
Damaged or deteriorated explosive
tact between firing lines and overhead
material shall be disposed of in a safe
powerlines which could result from the
manner in accordance with the instruc-
force of a blast.
tions of the manufacturer.
EQUIPMENT/TOOLS
§ 56.6901 Black powder.
§ 56.6700 Nonsparking tools. (a) Black powder shall be used for
Only nonsparking tools shall be used blasting only when a desired result
to open containers of explosive mate- cannot be obtained with another type
rial or to punch holes in explosive car- of explosive, such as in quarrying cer-
tridges. tain types of dimension stone.
(b) Containers of black powder shall
§ 56.6701 Tamping and loading pole re- be—
quirements. (1) Nonsparking;
Tamping and loading poles shall be of (2) Kept in a totally enclosed cargo
wood or other nonconductive, non- space while being transported by a ve-
sparking material. Couplings for poles hicle;
shall be nonsparking. (3) Securely closed at all times
when—
MAINTENANCE (i) Within 50 feet of any magazine or
open flame;
§ 56.6800 Storage facilities.
(ii) Within any building in which a
When repair work which could fuel-fired or exposed-element electric
produce a spark or flame is to be per- heater is operating; or
formed on a storage facility— (iii) In an area where electrical or in-
(a) The explosive material shall be candescent-particle sparks could result
moved to another facility, or moved at in powder ignition; and
least 50 feet from the repair activity (4) Opened only when the powder is
and monitored; and being transferred to a blasthole or an-
(b) The facility shall be cleaned to other container and only in locations
prevent accidental detonation. not listed in paragraph (b)(3) of this
section.
§ 56.6801 Vehicle repair.
(c) Black powder shall be transferred
Vehicles containing explosive mate- from containers only by pouring.
rial and oxidizers shall not be taken (d) Spills shall be cleaned up prompt-
into a repair garage or shop. ly with nonsparking equipment. Con-
taminated powder shall be put into a
§ 56.6802 Bulk delivery vehicles. container of water and shall be dis-
No welding or cutting shall be per- posed of promptly after the granules
formed on a bulk delivery vehicle until have disintegrated, or the spill area
the vehicle has been washed down and shall be flushed promptly with water
all explosive material has been re- until the granules have disintegrated
moved. Before welding or cutting on a completely.
hollow shaft, the shaft shall be thor- (e) Misfires shall be disposed of by
oughly cleaned inside and out and washing the stemming and powder
vented with a minimum 1⁄2-inch diame- charge from the blasthole, and remov-
ter opening to allow for sufficient ven- ing and disposing of the initiator in ac-
tilation. cordance with the requirement for
damaged explosives.
§ 56.6803 Blasting lines. (f) Holes shall not be reloaded for at
Permanent blasting lines shall be least 12 hours when the blastholes have
properly supported. All blasting lines failed to break as planned.
310
§ 56.6902 Excessive temperatures. § 56.7003 Drill area inspection.

(a) Where heat could cause premature The drilling area shall be inspected
detonation, explosive material shall for hazards before starting the drilling
not be loaded into hot areas, such as operations.
kilns or sprung holes.
(b) When blasting sulfide ores where § 56.7004 Drill mast.
hot holes occur that may react with Persons shall not be on a mast while
explosive material in blastholes, opera- the drill-bit is in operation unless they
tors shall— are provided with a safe platform from
(1) Measure an appropriate number of which to work and they are required to
blasthole temperatures in order to as- use safety belts to avoid falling.
sess the specific mine conditions prior
to the introduction of explosive mate- § 56.7005 Augers and drill stems.
rial; Drill crews and others shall stay
(2) Limit the time between the com- clear of augers or drill stems that are
pletion of loading and the initiation of in motion. Persons shall not pass under
the blast to no more than 12 hours; and or step over a moving stem or auger.
(3) Take other special precautions to
§ 56.7008 Moving the drill.
address the specific conditions at the
mine to prevent premature detonation. When a drill is being moved from one
drilling area to another, drill steel,
§ 56.6903 Burning explosive material. tools, and other equipment shall be se-
If explosive material is suspected of cured and the mast placed in a safe po-
burning at the blast site, persons shall sition.
be evacuated from the endangered area § 56.7009 Drill helpers.
and shall not return for at least one
hour after the burning or suspected If a drill helper assists the drill oper-
burning has stopped. ator during movement of a drill to a
new location, the helper shall be in
§ 56.6904 Smoking and open flames. sight of, or in communication with, the
operator at all times.
Smoking and use of open flames shall
not be permitted within 50 feet of ex- § 56.7010 Power failures.
plosive material except when separated
In the event of power failure, drill
by permanent noncombustible barriers.
controls shall be placed in the neutral
This standard does not apply to devices
position until power is restored.
designed to ignite safety fuse or to
heating devices which do not create a § 56.7011 Straightening crossed cables.
fire or explosion hazard.
The drill stem shall be resting on the
§ 56.6905 Protection of explosive mate- bottom of the hole or on the platform
rial. with the stem secured to the mast be-
fore attempts are made to straighten a
(a) Explosive material shall be pro- crossed cable on a reel.
tected from temperatures in excess of
150 degrees Fahrenheit. § 56.7012 Tending drills in operation.
(b) Explosive material shall be pro- While in operation, drills shall be at-
tected from impact, except for tamping tended at all times.
and dropping during loading.
§ 56.7013 Covering or guarding drill
Subpart F—Drilling and Rotary Jet holes.
Piercing Drill holes large enough to constitute
a hazard shall be covered or guarded.
DRILLING
§ 56.7018 Hand clearance.
§ 56.7002 Equipment defects. Persons shall not hold the drill steel
Equipment defects affecting safety while collaring holes, or rest their
shall be corrected before the equipment hands on the chuck or centralizer while
is used. drilling.
311
§ 56.7050 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 56.7050 Tool and drill steel racks. § 56.7803 Lighting the burner.
Receptacles or racks shall be pro- A suitable means of protection shall
vided for drill steel and tools stored or be provided for the employee when
carried on drills. lighting the burner.
§ 56.7051 Loose objects on the mast or § 56.7804 Refueling.

drill platform.
When rotary jet piercing equipment
To prevent injury to personnel, tools requires refueling at locations other
and other objects shall not be left loose than fueling stations, a system for
on the mast or drill platform. fueling without spillage shall be pro-
vided.
§ 56.7052 Drilling positions.
Persons shall not drill from— § 56.7805 Smoking and open flames.
(a) Positions which hinder their ac- Persons shall not smoke and open
cess to the control levers; flames shall not be used in the vicinity
(b) Insecure footing or insecure stag- of the oxygen storage and supply lines.
ing; or Signs warning against smoking and
(c) Atop equipment not suitable for open flames shall be posted in these
drilling. areas.
§ 56.7053 Moving hand-held drills. § 56.7806 Oxygen intake coupling.
Before hand-held drills are moved The oxygen intake coupling on jet-
from one working area to another, air piercing drills shall be constructed so
shall be turned off and bled from the that only the oxygen hose can be cou-
hose. pled to it.
§ 56.7055 Intersecting holes. § 56.7807 Flushing the combustion
Holes shall not be drilled where there chamber.
is a danger of intersecting a misfired The combustion chamber of a jet
hole or a hole containing explosives drill stem which has been sitting
blasting agents, or detonators. unoperated in a drill hole shall be
[56 FR 46508, Sept. 12, 1991] flushed with a suitable solvent after
the stem is pulled up.
§ 56.7056 Collaring in bootlegs.
Holes shall not be collared in boot- Subpart G [Reserved]
legs.
[56 FR 46508, Sept. 12, 1991] Subpart H—Loading, Hauling, and
Dumping
ROTARY JET PIERCING
SOURCE: 53 FR 32520, Aug. 25, 1988, unless
§ 56.7801 Jet drills. otherwise noted.
Jet piercing drills shall be provided
with— TRAFFIC SAFETY
(a) A system to pressurize the equip-
§ 56.9100 Traffic control.
ment operator’s cab, when a cab is pro-
vided; and To provide for the safe movement of
(b) A protective cover over the oxy- self-propelled mobile equipment—
gen flow indicator. (a) Rules governing speed, right-of-
way, direction of movement, and the
§ 56.7802 Oxygen hose lines. use of headlights to assure appropriate
Safety chains or other suitable lock- visibility, shall be established and fol-
ing devices shall be provided across lowed at each mine; and
connections to and between high pres- (b) Signs or signals that warn of haz-
sure oxygen hose lines of 1-inch inside ardous conditions shall be placed at ap-
diameter or larger. propriate locations at each mine.
312
§ 56.9101 Operating speeds and control tions on trains that expose persons to
of equipment. hazards from train movement.
Operators of self-propelled mobile (1) This paragraph does not apply to
equipment shall maintain control of car droppers if they are secured with
the equipment while it is in motion. safety belts and lines which prevent
Operating speeds shall be consistent them from falling off the work plat-
with conditions of roadways, tracks, form.
grades, clearance, visibility, and traf- (2) Brakemen and trainmen are pro-
fic, and the type of equipment used. hibited from riding between cars of
moving trains, but may ride on the
§ 56.9102 Movement of independently leading end of trains or other locations
operating rail equipment. when necessary to perform their du-
Movement of two or more pieces of ties;
rail equipment operating independ- (f) To and from work areas in over-
ently on the same track shall be con- crowded mobile equipment;
trolled for safe operation. (g) In mobile equipment with mate-
rials or equipment unless the items are
§ 56.9103 Clearance on adjacent tracks. secured or are small and can be carried
safely by hand without creating a haz-
Railcars shall not be left on side ard to persons; or
tracks unless clearance is provided for (h) On conveyors unless the con-
traffic on adjacent tracks. veyors are designed to provide for their
§ 56.9104 Railroad crossings. safe transportation.
Designated railroad crossings shall § 56.9201 Loading, hauling, and un-
be posted with warning signs or sig- loading of equipment or supplies.
nals, or shall be guarded when trains Equipment and supplies shall be load-
are passing. These crossings shall also ed, transported, and unloaded in a
be planked or filled between the rails. manner which does not create a hazard
to persons from falling or shifting
TRANSPORTATION OF PERSONS AND
equipment or supplies.
MATERIALS
§ 56.9202 Loading and hauling large
§ 56.9200 Transporting persons. rocks.
Persons shall not be transported— Large rocks shall be broken before
(a) In or on dippers, forks, clam- loading if they could endanger persons
shells, or buckets except shaft buckets or affect the stability of mobile equip-
during shaft-sinking operations or dur- ment. Mobile equipment used for haul-
ing inspection, maintenance and repair age of mined material shall be loaded
of shafts. to minimize spillage where a hazard to
(b) In beds of mobile equipment or persons could be created.
railcars, unless—
(1) Provisions are made for secure SAFETY DEVICES, PROVISIONS, AND PRO-
travel, and CEDURES FOR ROADWAYS, RAILROADS,
(2) Means are taken to prevent acci- AND LOADING AND DUMPING SITES
dental unloading if the equipment is
provided with unloading devices; § 56.9300 Berms or guardrails.
(c) On top of loads in mobile equip- (a) Berms or guardrails shall be pro-
ment; vided and maintained on the banks of
(d) Outside cabs, equipment opera- roadways where a drop-off exists of suf-
tors’ stations, and beds of mobile ficient grade or depth to cause a vehi-
equipment, except when necessary for cle to overturn or endanger persons in
maintenance, testing, or training pur- equipment.
poses, and provisions are made for se- (b) Berms or guardrails shall be at
cure travel. This provision does not least mid-axle height of the largest
apply to rail equipment. self-propelled mobile equipment which
(e) Between cars of trains, on the usually travels the roadway.
leading end of trains, on the leading (c) Berms may have openings to the
end of a single railcar, or in other loca- extent necessary for roadway drainage.
313
§ 56.9301 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(d) Where elevated roadways are in- safely accommodate the mobile equip-
frequently traveled and used only by ment using the facilities.
service or maintenance vehicles, berms
or guardrails are not required when all § 56.9304 Unstable ground.
of the following are met: (a) Dumping locations shall be vis-
(1) Locked gates are installed at the ually inspected prior to work com-
entrance points to the roadway. mencing and as ground conditions war-
(2) Signs are posted warning that the rant.
roadway is not bermed. (b) Where there is evidence that the
(3) Delineators are installed along ground at a dumping location may fail
the perimeter of the elevated roadway to support the mobile equipment, loads
so that, for both directions of travel, shall be dumped a safe distance back
the reflective surfaces of at least three from the edge of the unstable area of
delineators along each elevated shoul- the bank.
der are always visible to the driver and
spaced at intervals sufficient to indi- § 56.9305 Truck spotters.
cate the edges and attitude of the road-
way. (a) If truck spotters are used, they
(4) A maximum speed limit is posted shall be in the clear while trucks are
and observed for the elevated unbermed backing into dumping position or
portions of the roadway. Factors to dumping.
consider when establishing the max- (b) Spotters shall use signal lights to
imum speed limit shall include the direct trucks where visibility is lim-
width, slope and alignment of the road, ited.
the type of equipment using the road, (c) When a truck operator cannot
the road material, and any hazardous clearly recognize the spotter’s signals,
conditions which may exist. the truck shall be stopped.
(5) Road surface traction is not im-
§ 56.9306 Warning devices for re-
paired by weather conditions, such as stricted clearances.
sleet and snow, unless corrective meas-
ures are taken to improve traction. Where restricted clearance creates a
(e) This standard is not applicable to hazard to persons on mobile equip-
rail beds. ment, warning devices shall be in-
stalled in advance of the restricted
[53 FR 32520, Aug. 25, 1988, as amended at 55 area and the restricted area shall be
FR 37218, Sept. 7, 1990]
conspicuously marked.
§ 56.9301 Dump site restraints.
§ 56.9307 Design, installation, and
Berms, bumper blocks, safety hooks, maintenance of railroads.
or similar impeding devices shall be
Roadbeds and all elements of the
provided at dumping locations where
railroad tracks shall be designed, in-
there is a hazard of overtravel or over-
stalled, and maintained to provide safe
turning.
operation consistent with the speed
§ 56.9302 Protection against moving or and type of haulage used.
runaway railroad equipment.
§ 56.9308 Switch throws.
Stopblocks, derail devices, or other
devices that protect against moving or Switch throws shall be installed to
runaway rail equipment shall be in- provide clearance to protect switchmen
stalled wherever necessary to protect from contact with moving trains.
persons.
§ 56.9309 Chute design.
§ 56.9303 Construction of ramps and Chute-loading installations shall be
dumping facilities. designed to provide a safe location for
Ramps and dumping facilities shall persons pulling chutes.
be designed and constructed of mate-
rials capable of supporting the loads to § 56.9310 Chute hazards.
which they will be subjected. The (a) Prior to chute-pulling, persons
ramps and dumping facilities shall pro- who could be affected by the draw or
vide width, clearance, and headroom to otherwise exposed to danger shall be
314
warned and given time to clear the haz- does not apply to trainmen, brakemen,
ardous area. and car droppers who are required to
(b) Persons attempting to free chute get on or off slowly moving trains in
hangups shall be experienced and fa- the performance of their work duties.
miliar with the task, know the hazards
involved, and use the proper tools to § 56.9319 Going over, under, or be-
free material. tween railcars.
(c) When broken rock or material is Persons shall not go over, under, or
dumped into an empty chute, the chute between railcars unless:
shall be equipped with a guard or all (a) The train is stopped; and
persons shall be isolated from the haz- (b) The train operator, when present,
ard of flying rock or material. is notified and the notice acknowl-
§ 56.9311 Anchoring stationary sizing edged.
devices.
§ 56.9330 Clearance for surface equip-
Grizzlies and other stationary sizing ment.
devices shall be securely anchored.
Continuous clearance of at least 30
§ 56.9312 Working around drawholes. inches from the farthest projection of
moving railroad equipment shall be
Unless platforms or safety lines are
provided on at least one side of the
used, persons shall not position them-
tracks at all locations where possible
selves over drawholes if there is danger
or the area shall be marked conspicu-
that broken rock or material may be
ously.
withdrawn or bridged.
§ 56.9313 Roadway maintenance. Subpart I—Aerial Tramways
Water, debris, or spilled material on
§ 56.10001 Filling buckets.
roadways which creates hazards to the
operation of mobile equipment shall be Buckets shall not be overloaded, and
removed. feed shall be regulated to prevent spill-
age.
§ 56.9314 Trimming stockpile and
muckpile faces. § 56.10002 Inspection and mainte-
Stockpile and muckpile faces shall be nance.
trimmed to prevent hazards to persons. Inspection and maintenance of car-
riers (including loading and unloading
§ 56.9315 Dust control. mechanisms), ropes and supports, and
Dust shall be controlled at muck brakes shall be performed by com-
piles, material transfer points, petent persons according to the rec-
crushers, and on haulage roads where ommendations of the manufacturer.
hazards to persons would be created as
a result of impaired visibility. § 56.10003 Correction of defects.
Any hazardous defects shall be cor-
§ 56.9316 Notifying the equipment op-
erator. rected before the equipment is used.
When an operator of self-propelled § 56.10004 Brakes.
mobile equipment is present, persons
shall notify the equipment operator be- Positive-action-type brakes and de-
fore getting on or off that equipment. vices which apply the brakes automati-
cally in the event of a power failure
§ 56.9317 Suspended loads. shall be provided on aerial tramways.
Persons shall not work or pass under § 56.10005 Track cable connections.
the buckets or booms of loaders in op-
eration. Track cable connections shall not ob-
struct the passage of carriage wheels.
§ 56.9318 Getting on or off moving
equipment. § 56.10006 Tower guards.
Persons shall not get on or off mov- Towers shall be suitably protected
ing mobile equipment. This provision from swaying buckets.
315
§ 56.10007 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 56.10007 Falling object protection. § 56.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and

toe clearance.
Guard nets or other suitable protec-
tion shall be provided where tramways Fixed ladders shall be anchored se-
pass over roadways, walkways, or curely and installed to provide at least
buildings. 3 inches of toe clearance.
§ 56.10008 Riding tramways. § 56.11006 Fixed ladder landings.

Persons other than maintenance per- Fixed ladders shall project at least 3
sons shall not ride aerial tramways un- feet above landings, or substantial
less the following features are pro- handholds shall be provided above the
vided: landings.
(a) Two independent brakes, each ca-
pable of holding the maximum load; § 56.11007 Wooden components of lad-
ders.
(b) Direct communication between
terminals; Wooden components of ladders shall
(c) Power drives with emergency not be painted except with a trans-
power available in case of primary parent finish.
power failure; and
(d) Buckets equipped with positive § 56.11008 Restricted clearance.
locks to prevent accidental tripping or Where restricted clearance creates a
dumping. hazard to persons, the restricted clear-
ance shall be conspicuously marked.
§ 56.10009 Riding loaded buckets.
[53 FR 32521, Aug. 25, 1988]
Persons shall not ride loaded buck-
ets. § 56.11009 Walkways along conveyors.
§ 56.10010 Starting precautions. Walkways with outboard railings
shall be provided wherever persons are
Where possible, aerial tramways required to walk alongside elevated
shall not be started until the operator conveyor belts. Inclined railed walk-
has ascertained that everyone is in the ways shall be nonskid or provided with
clear. cleats.
Subpart J—Travelways § 56.11010 Stairstep clearance.

Vertical clearance above stair steps
§ 56.11001 Safe access. shall be a minimum of seven feet, or
Safe means of access shall be pro- suitable warning signs or similar de-
vided and maintained to all working vices shall be provided to indicate an
places. impaired clearance.
§ 56.11002 Handrails and toeboards. § 56.11011 Use of ladders.
Crossovers, elevated walkways, ele- Persons using ladders shall face the
vated ramps, and stairways shall be of ladders and have both hands free for
substantial construction provided with climbing and descending.
handrails, and maintained in good con-
dition. Where necessary, toeboards § 56.11012 Protection for openings
shall be provided. around travelways.
Openings above, below, or near
§ 56.11003 Construction and mainte- travelways through which persons or
nance of ladders. materials may fall shall be protected
Ladders shall be of substantial con- by railings, barriers, or covers. Where
struction and maintained in good con- it is impractical to install such protec-
dition. tive devices, adequate warning signals
shall be installed.
§ 56.11004 Portable rigid ladders.
Portable rigid ladders shall be pro- § 56.11013 Conveyor crossovers.
vided with suitable bases and placed se- Crossovers shall be provided where it
curely when used. is necessary to cross conveyors.
316
§ 56.11014 Crossing moving conveyors. be of approved design and construction

Moving conveyors shall be crossed and shall be properly installed.
only at designated crossover points. § 56.12003 Trailing cable overload pro-
tection.
§ 56.11016 Snow and ice on walkways
and travelways. Individual overload protection or
Regularly used walkways and short circuit protection shall be pro-
travelways shall be sanded, salted, or vided for the trailing cables of mobile
cleared of snow and ice as soon as prac- equipment.
ticable.
§ 56.12004 Electrical conductors.
§ 56.11017 Inclined fixed ladders. Electrical conductors shall be of a
Fixed ladders shall not incline back- sufficient size and current-carrying ca-
wards. pacity to ensure that a rise in tempera-
ture resulting from normal operations
§ 56.11025 Railed landings, will not damage the insulating mate-
backguards, and other protection rials. Electrical conductors exposed to
for fixed ladders.
mechanical damage shall be protected.
Fixed ladders, except on mobile
equipment, shall be offset and have § 56.12005 Protection of power conduc-
substantial railed landings at least tors from mobile equipment.
every 30 feet unless backguards or Mobile equipment shall not run over
equivalent protection, such as safety power conductors, nor shall loads be
belts and safety lines, are provided. dragged over power conductors, unless
§ 56.11026 Protection for inclined fixed the conductors are properly bridged or
ladders. protected.
Fixed ladders 70 degrees to 90 degrees § 56.12006 Distribution boxes.
from the horizontal and 30 feet or more
in length shall have backguards, cages Distribution boxes shall be provided
or equivalent protection, starting at a with a disconnecting device for each
point not more than seven feet from branch circuit. Such disconnecting de-
the bottom of the ladders. vices shall be equipped or designed in
such a manner that it can be deter-
§ 56.11027 Scaffolds and working plat- mined by visual observation when such
forms. a device is open and that the circuit is
Scaffolds and working platforms deenergized, the distribution box shall
shall be of substantial construction be labeled to show which circuit each
and provided with handrails and main- device controls.
tained in good condition. Floor boards
shall be laid properly and the scaffolds § 56.12007 Junction box connection
and working platforms shall not be procedures.
overloaded. Working platforms shall be Trailing cable and power-cable con-
provided with toeboards when nec- nections to junction boxes shall not be
essary. made or broken under load.
Subpart K—Electricity § 56.12008 Insulation and fittings for

power wires and cables.
§ 56.12001 Circuit overload protection. Power wires and cables shall be insu-
Circuits shall be protected against lated adequately where they pass into
excessive overload by fuses or circuit or out of electrical compartments. Ca-
breakers of the correct type and capac- bles shall enter metal frames of mo-
ity. tors, splice boxes, and electrical com-
partments only through proper fit-
§ 56.12002 Controls and switches. tings. When insulated wires, other than
Electric equipment and circuits shall cables, pass through metal frames, the
be provided with switches or other con- holes shall be substantially bushed

trols. Such switches or controls shall with insulated bushings.
317
§ 56.12010 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 56.12010 Isolation or insulation of § 56.12016 Work on electrically-pow-

communication conductors. ered equipment.
Telephone and low-potential signal Electrically powered equipment shall
wire shall be protected, by isolation or be deenergized before mechanical work
suitable insulation, or both, from con- is done on such equipment. Power
tacting energized power conductors or switches shall be locked out or other
any other power source. measures taken which shall prevent
the equipment from being energized
§ 56.12011 High-potential electrical without the knowledge of the individ-
conductors. uals working on it. Suitable warning
notices shall be posted at the power
High-potential electrical conductors
switch and signed by the individuals
shall be covered, insulated, or placed to
who are to do the work. Such locks or
prevent contact with low potential preventive devices shall be removed
conductors. only by the persons who installed them
or by authorized personnel.
§ 56.12012 Bare signal wires.
The potential on bare signal wires ac- § 56.12017 Work on power circuits.
cessible to contact by persons shall not Power circuits shall be deenergized
exceed 48 volts. before work is done on such circuits
unless hot-line tools are used. Suitable
§ 56.12013 Splices and repairs of power warning signs shall be posted by the in-
cables.
dividuals who are to do the work.
Permanent splices and repairs made Switches shall be locked out or other
in power cables, including the ground measures taken which shall prevent
conductor where provided, shall be: the power circuits from being energized
(a) Mechanically strong with elec- without the knowledge of the individ-
trical conductivity as near as possible uals working on them. Such locks,
to that of the original; signs, or preventative devices shall be
(b) Insulated to a degree at least removed only by the person who in-
equal to that of the original, and sealed stalled them or by authorized per-
to exclude moisture; and sonnel.
(c) Provided with damage protection § 56.12018 Identification of power
as near as possible to that of the origi- switches.
nal, including good bonding to the
Principal power switches shall be la-
outer jacket.
beled to show which units they control,
§ 56.12014 Handling energized power unless identification can be made read-
cables. ily by location.
Power cables energized to potentials § 56.12019 Access to stationary elec-
in excess of 150 volts, phase-to-ground, trical equipment or switchgear.
shall not be moved with equipment un- Where access is necessary, suitable
less sleds or slings, insulated from such clearance shall be provided at sta-
equipment, are used. When such ener- tionary electrical equipment or
gized cables are moved manually, insu- switchgear.
lated hooks, tongs, ropes, or slings
shall be used unless suitable protection § 56.12020 Protection of persons at
for persons is provided by other means. switchgear.
This does not prohibit pulling or drag- Dry wooden platforms, insulating
ging of cable by the equipment it pow- mats, or other electrically nonconduc-
ers when the cable is physically at- tive material shall be kept in place at
tached to the equipment by suitable all switchboards and power-control
mechanical devices, and the cable is in- switches where shock hazards exist.
sulated from the equipment in con- However, metal plates on which a per-
formance with other standards in this son normally would stand and which
part. are kept at the same potential as the

grounded, metal, non-current-carrying
318
parts of the power switches to be oper- § 56.12032 Inspection and cover plates.
ated may be used.
Inspection and cover plates on elec-
§ 56.12021 Danger signs. trical equipment and junction boxes
shall be kept in place at all times ex-
Suitable danger signs shall be posted cept during testing or repairs.
at all major electrical installations.
§ 56.12033 Hand-held electric tools.
§ 56.12022 Authorized persons at major
electrical installations. Hand-held electric tools shall not be
operated at high potential voltages.
Areas containing major electrical in-
stallations shall be entered only by au- § 56.12034 Guarding around lights.
thorized persons.
Portable extension lights, and other
§ 56.12023 Guarding electrical connec- lights that by their location present a
tions and resistor grids. shock or burn hazard, shall be guarded.
Electrical connections and resistor § 56.12035 Weatherproof lamp sockets.
grids that are difficult or impractical
Lamp sockets shall be of a weather-
to insulate shall be guarded, unless
proof type where they are exposed to
protection is provided by location.
weather or wet conditions that may
§ 56.12025 Grounding circuit enclo- interfere with illumination or create a
sures. shock hazard.
All metal enclosing or encasing elec- § 56.12036 Fuse removal or replace-
trical circuits shall be grounded or pro- ment.
vided with equivalent protection. This
Fuses shall not be removed or re-
requirement does not apply to battery- placed by hand in an energized circuit,
operated equipment. and they shall not otherwise be re-
§ 56.12026 Grounding transformer and moved or replaced in an energized cir-
switchgear enclosures. cuit unless equipment and techniques
especially designed to prevent elec-
Metal fencing and metal buildings trical shock are provided and used for
enclosing transformers and switchgear such purpose.
shall be grounded.
§ 56.12037 Fuses in high-potential cir-
§ 56.12027 Grounding mobile equip- cuits.
ment.
Fuse tongs or hot line tools shall be
Frame grounding or equivalent pro- used when fuses are removed or re-
tection shall be provided for mobile placed in high-potential circuits.
equipment powered through trailing
cables. § 56.12038 Attachment of trailing ca-
bles.
§ 56.12028 Testing grounding systems. Trailing cables shall be attached to
Continuity and resistance of ground- machines in a suitable manner to pro-
ing systems shall be tested imme- tect the cable from damage and to pre-
diately after installation, repair, and vent strain on the electrical connec-
modification; and annually thereafter. tions.
A record of the resistance measured
during the most recent tests shall be § 56.12039 Protection of surplus trail-
made available on a request by the Sec- ing cables.
retary or his duly authorized rep- Surplus trailing cables to shovels,
resentative. cranes and similar equipment shall
be—
§ 56.12030 Correction of dangerous (a) Stored in cable boats;
conditions. (b) Stored on reels mounted on the
When a potentially dangerous condi- equipment; or
tion is found it shall be corrected be- (c) Otherwise protected from me-
fore equipment or wiring is energized. chanical damage.
319
§ 56.12040 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 56.12040 Installation of operating trict Office of the Mine Safety and

controls. Health Administration.
Operating controls shall be installed [50 FR 4054, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 60
so that they can be operated without FR 35695, July 11, 1995; 71 FR 16667, Apr. 3,
danger of contact with energized con- 2006]
ductors.
§ 56.12048 Communication conductors
§ 56.12041 Design of switches and on power poles.
starting boxes. Telegraph, telephone, or signal wires
Switches and starting boxes shall be shall not be installed on the same
of safe design and capacity. crossarm with power conductors. When
carried on poles supporting powerlines,
§ 56.12042 Track bonding. they shall be installed as specified by
Both rails shall be bonded or welded the National Electrical Code.
at every joint and rails shall be
§ 56.12050 Installation of trolley wires.
crossbonded at least every 200 feet if
the track serves as the return trolley Trolley wires shall be installed at
circuit. When rails are moved, re- least seven feet above rails where
placed, or broken bonds are discovered, height permits, and aligned and sup-
they shall be rebonded within three ported to suitably control sway and
working shifts. sag.
§ 56.12045 Overhead powerlines. § 56.12053 Circuits powered from trol-

ley wires.
Overhead high-potential powerlines
shall be installed as specified by the Ground wires for lighting circuits
National Electrical Code. powered from trolley wires shall be
connected securely to the ground-re-
§ 56.12047 Guy wires. turn circuit.
Guy wires of poles supporting high- § 56.12065 Short circuit and lightning
voltage transmission lines shall meet protection.
the requirements for grounding or in-
sulator protection of the National Powerlines, including trolley wires,
Electrical Safety Code, part 2, entitled and telephone circuits shall be pro-
‘‘Safety Rules for the Installation and tected against short circuits and light-
Maintenance of Electric Supply and ning.
Communication Lines’’ (also referred § 56.12066 Guarding trolley wires and
to as National Bureau of Standards bare powerlines.
Handbook 81, November 1, 1961) and
Supplement 2 thereof issued March Where metallic tools or equipment
1968, which are hereby incorporated by can come in contact with trolley wires
reference and made a part hereof. or bare powerlines, the lines shall be
These publications and documents may guarded or deenergized.
be obtained from the National Insti- § 56.12067 Installation of transformers.
tute of Science and Technology, 100 Bu-
reau Drive, Stop 3460, Gaithersburg, Transformers shall be totally en-
MD 20899–3460. Telephone: 301–975–6478 closed, or shall be placed at least 8 feet
(not a toll free number); http:// above the ground, or installed in a
ts.nist.gov/nvl; or from the Government transformer house, or surrounded by a
Printing Office, Information Dissemi- substantial fence at least 6 feet high
nation (Superintendent of Documents), and at least 3 feet from any energized
P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250– parts, casings, or wiring.
7954; Telephone: 866–512–1800 (toll free)
§ 56.12068 Locking transformer enclo-
or 202–512–1800, http://bookstore.gpo.gov, sures.
or may be examined in any Metal and

Nonmetal Mine Safety and Health Dis- Transformer enclosures shall be kept
locked against unauthorized entry.
320
§ 56.12069 Lightning protection for § 56.13011 Air receiver tanks.

telephone wires and ungrounded
Air receiver tanks shall be equipped
conductors.
with one or more automatic pressure-
Each ungrounded power conductor or relief valves. The total relieving capac-
telephone wire that leads underground ity of the relief valves shall prevent
and is directly exposed to lightning pressure from exceeding the maximum
shall be equipped with suitable light- allowable working pressure in a re-
ning arrestors of approved type within ceiver tank by not more than 10 per-
100 feet of the point where the circuit cent. Air receiver tanks also shall be
enters the mine. Lightning arrestors equipped with indicating pressure
shall be connected to a low resistance gauges which accurately measure the
grounding medium on the surface and pressure within the air receiver tanks.
shall be separated from neutral
grounds by a distance of not less than § 56.13012 Compressor air intakes.
25 feet. Compressor air intakes shall be in-
stalled to ensure that only clean,
§ 56.12071 Movement or operation of uncontaminated air enters the com-
equipment near high-voltage power pressors.
lines.
When equipment must be moved or § 56.13015 Inspection of compressed-
operated near energized high-voltage air receivers and other unfired
pressure vessels.
powerlines (other than trolley lines)
and the clearance is less than 10 feet, (a) Compressed-air receivers and
the lines shall be deenergized or other other unfired pressure vessels shall be
precautionary measures shall be taken. inspected by inspectors holding a valid
National Board Commission and in ac-
cordance with the applicable chapters
Subpart L—Compressed Air and of the National Board Inspection Code,
Boilers a Manual for Boiler and Pressure Ves-
sel Inspectors, 1979. This code is incor-
§ 56.13001 General requirements for
boilers and pressure vessels. porated by reference and made a part
of this standard. It may be examined at
All boilers and pressure vessels shall any Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety
be constructed, installed, and main- and Health District Office of the Mine
tained in accordance with the stand- Safety and Health Administration, and
ards and specifications of the American may be obtained from the publisher,
Society of Mechanical Engineers Boiler the National Board of Boiler and Pres-
and Pressure Vessel Code. sure Vessel Inspector, 1055 Crupper Av-
enue, Columbus, Ohio 43229.
§ 56.13010 Reciprocating-type air com- (b) Records of inspections shall be
pressors. kept in accordance with requirements
(a) Reciprocating-type air compres- of the National Board Inspection Code,
sors rated over 10 horsepower shall be and the records shall be made available
equipped with automatic temperature- to the Secretary or his authorized rep-
actuated shutoff mechanisms which resentative.
shall be set or adjusted to the com-
pressor when the normal operating § 56.13017 Compressor discharge
temperature is exceeded by more than pipes.
25 percent. Compressor discharge pipes where
(b) However, this standard does not carbon build-up may occur shall be
apply to reciprocating-type air com- cleaned periodically as recommended
pressors rated over 10 horsepower if by the manufacturer, but no less fre-
equipped with fusible plugs that were quently than once every two years.
installed in the compressor discharge
lines before November 15, 1979, and de- § 56.13019 Pressure system repairs.
signed to melt at temperatures at least Repairs involving the pressure sys-
50 degrees below the flash point of the tem of compressors, receivers, or com-
compressors’ lubricating oil. pressed-air-powered equipment shall
321
§ 56.13020 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
not be attempted until the pressure has VII Recommended Rules for Care of Power
been bled off. Boilers
(2) The National Board Inspection
§ 56.13020 Use of compressed air.
Code, a Manual for Boiler and Pressure
At no time shall compressed air be Vessel Inspectors, 1979, published by
directed toward a person. When com- the National Board of Boiler and Pres-
pressed air is used, all necessary pre- sure Vessel Inspectors.
cautions shall be taken to protect per-
sons from injury. CHAPTER AND TITLE
§ 56.13021 High-pressure hose connec- I Glossary of Terms
tions. II Inspection of Boilers and Pressure Ves-
sels
Except where automatic shutoff
III Repairs and Alterations to Boiler and
valves are used, safety chains or other
Pressure Vessels by Welding
suitable locking devices shall be used IV Shop Inspection of Boilers and Pressure
at connections to machines of high- Vessels
pressure hose lines of 3⁄4-inch inside di- V Inservice Inspection of Pressure Vessels
ameter or larger, and between high- by Authorized Owner-User Inspection
pressure hose lines of 3⁄4-inch inside di- Agencies
ameter or larger, where a connection
failure would create a hazard. APPENDIX AND TITLE
A Safety and Safety Relief Valves
§ 56.13030 Boilers. B Non-ASME Code Boilers and Pressure
(a) Fired pressure vessels (boilers) Vessels
shall be equipped with water level C Storage of Mild Steel Covered Arc Weld-
ing Electrodes
gauges, pressure gauges, automatic
D-R National Board ‘‘R’’ (Repair) Symbol
pressure-relief valves, blowdown pip- Stamp
ing, and other safety devices approved D-VR National Board ‘‘VR’’ (Repair of Safe-
by the American Society of Mechanical ty and Safety Relief Valve) Symbol Stamp
Engineers to protect against hazards D-VR1 Certificate of Authorization for Re-
from overpressure, flameouts, fuel pair Symbol Stamp for Safety and Safety
interruptions and low water level, all Relief Valves
as required by the appropriate sections, D-VR2 Outline of Basic Elements of Written
chapters and appendices listed in para- Quality Control System for Repairers of
graphs (b) (1) and (2) of this section. ASME Safety and Safety Relief Valves
(b) These gauges, devices and piping D-VR3 Nameplate Stamping for ‘‘VR’’
E Owner-user Inspection Agencies
shall be designed, installed, operated,
F Inspection Forms
maintained, repaired, altered, in-
spected, and tested by inspectors hold- (c) Records of inspections and repairs
ing a valid National Board Commission shall be kept in accordance with the re-
and in accordance with the following quirements of the ASME Boiler and
listed sections, chapters and appen- Pressure Vessel Code and the National
dices: Board Inspection Code. The records
(1) The ASME Boiler and Pressure shall be made available to the Sec-
Vessel Code, 1977, Published by the retary or his authorized representative.
American Society of Mechanical Engi- (d) Sections of the ASME Boiler and
neers. Pressure Vessel Code, 1977, listed in
paragraph (b)(1) of this section, and
SECTION AND TITLE chapters and appendices of the Na-
I Power Boilers. tional Board Inspection Code, 1979, list-
II Material Specifications—Part A—Fer- ed in paragraph (b)(2) of this section,
rous. are incorporated by reference and made
II Material Specifications—Part B—Non- a part of this standard. These publica-
ferrous. tions may be obtained from the pub-
II Material Specifications—Part C—Weld- lishers, the American Society of Me-
ing Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals.
IV Heating Boilers chanical Engineers, 22 Law Drive, P.O.
Box 2900, Fairfield, New Jersey 07007,
V Nondestructive Examination
VI Recommended Rules for Care and Oper- Phone: 800–843–2763 (toll free); http://
ation of Heating Boilers www.asme.org, and the National Board
322
of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspec- defective items shall be used to pro-
tors, 1055 Crupper Avenue, Columbus, hibit further use until the defects are
Ohio 43229. The publications may be ex- corrected.
amined at any Metal and Nonmetal (d) Defects on self-propelled mobile
Mine Safety and Health District Office equipment affecting safety, which are
of the Mine Safety and Health Admin- not corrected immediately, shall be re-
istration. ported to and recorded by the mine op-
[50 FR 4054, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 71 erator. The records shall be kept at the
FR 16667, Apr. 3, 2006] mine or nearest mine office from the
date the defects are recorded, until the
Subpart M—Machinery and defects are corrected. Such records
shall be made available for inspection
Equipment by an authorized representative of the
Secretary.
otherwise noted. § 56.14101 Brakes.
§ 56.14000 Definitions. (a) Minimum requirements. (1) Self-pro-
The following definitions apply in pelled mobile equipment shall be
this subpart. equipped with a service brake system
Travelway. A passage, walk, or way capable of stopping and holding the
regularly used or designated for per- equipment with its typical load on the
sons to go from one place to another. maximum grade it travels. This stand-
ard does not apply to equipment which
[53 FR 32521, Aug. 25, 1988, as amended at 69 is not originally equipped with brakes
FR 38840, June 29, 2004] unless the manner in which the equip-
SAFETY DEVICES AND MAINTENANCE ment is being operated requires the use
REQUIREMENTS of brakes for safe operation. This
standard does not apply to rail equip-
§ 56.14100 Safety defects; examination, ment.
correction and records. (2) If equipped on self-propelled mo-
(a) Self-propelled mobile equipment bile equipment, parking brakes shall be
to be used during a shift shall be in- capable of holding the equipment with
spected by the equipment operator be- its typical load on the maximum grade
fore being placed in operation on that it travels.
shift. (3) All braking systems installed on
(b) Defects on any equipment, ma- the equipment shall be maintained in
chinery, and tools that affect safety functional condition.
shall be corrected in a timely manner (b) Testing. (1) Service brake tests
to prevent the creation of a hazard to shall be conducted when an MSHA in-
persons. spector has reasonable cause to believe
(c) When defects make continued op- that the service brake system does not
eration hazardous to persons, the de- function as required, unless the mine
fective items including self-propelled operator removes the equipment from
mobile equipment shall be taken out of service for the appropriate repair;
service and placed in a designated area (2) The performance of the service
posted for that purpose, or a tag or brakes shall be evaluated according to
other effective method of marking the Table M–1.
TABLE M–1
Equipment speed, MPH
Gross vehicle weight lbs.
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Service Brake Maximum Stopping Distance—Feet
0–36000 ............................................................ 34 38 43 48 53 59 64 70 76 83 89
36000–70000 .................................................... 41 46 52 58 62 70 76 83 90 97 104
70000–140000 .................................................. 48 54 61 67 74 81 88 95 103 111 119

140000–250000 ................................................ 56 62 69 77 84 92 100 108 116 125 133
250000–400000 ................................................ 59 66 74 81 89 97 105 114 123 132 141
323
§ 56.14101 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
TABLE M–1—Continued
Equipment speed, MPH
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Over 400000 ..................................................... 63 71 78 86 94 103 111 120 129 139 148

Stopping distances are computed using a constant decleration of 9.66 FPS2 and system response times of .5.1, 1.5, 2, 2.25
and 2.5 seconds for each increasing weight category respectively. Stopping distance values include a one-second operator re-
sponse time.
TABLE M–2—THE SPEED OF A VEHICLE CAN BE DETERMINED BY CLOCKING IT THROUGH A 100-FOOT

MEASURED COURSE AT CONSTANT VELOCITY USING TABLE M–2. WHEN THE SERVICE BRAKES ARE
APPLIED AT THE END OF THE COURSE, STOPPING DISTANCE CAN BE MEASURED AND COMPARED
TO TABLE M–1.
Miles per hour 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Seconds Required to Travel 100 Feet ............. 6.8 6.2 5.7 5.2 4.9 4.5 4.3 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.4
(3) Service brake tests shall be con- is designed for the power train to be
ducted under the direction of the mine disengaged during braking.
operator in cooperation with an ac- (v) Testing speeds shall be a min-
cording to the instructions provided by imum of 10 miles per hour and a max-
the MSHA inspector as follows: imum of 20 miles per hour.
(i) Equipment capable of traveling at (vi) Stopping distances shall be meas-
least 10 miles per hour shall be tested ured from the point at which the equip-
with a typical load for that particular ment operator receives the signal to
piece of equipment. Front-end loaders apply the service brakes to the final
shall be tested with the loader bucket stopped position.
empty. Equipment shall not be tested (4) Test results shall be evaluated as
when carrying hazardous loads, such as follows:
explosives. (i) If the initial test run is valid and
(ii) The approach shall be sufficient the stopping distance does not exceed
length to allow the equipment operator the corresponding stopping distance
to reach and maintain a constant speed listed in Table 1, the performance of
between 10 and 20 miles per hour prior the service brakes shall be considered
to entering the 100 foot measured area. acceptable. For tests to be considered
The constant speed shall be maintained valid, the equipment shall not slide
up to the point when the equipment op- sideways or exhibit other lateral mo-
erator receives the signal to apply the tion during the braking portion of the
brakes. The roadway shall be wide test.
enough to accommodate the size of the (ii) If the equipment exceeds the
equipment being tested. The ground maximum stopping distance in the ini-
shall be generally level, packed, and tial test run, the mine operator may
dry in the braking portion of the test request from the inspector up to four
course. Ground moisture may be additional test runs with two runs to
present to the extent that it does not be conducted in each direction. The
adversely affect the braking surface. performance of the service brakes shall
(iii) Braking is to be performed using be considered acceptable if the equip-
only those braking systems, including ment does not exceed the maximum
auxiliary retarders, which are designed stopping distance on at least three of
to bring the equipment to a stop under the additional tests.
normal operating conditions. Parking (5) Where there is not an appropriate
or emergency (secondary) brakes are test site at the mine or the equipment
not to be actuated during the test. is not capable or traveling at least 10
(iv) The tests shall be conducted with miles per hour, service brake tests will
the transmission in the gear appro- not be conducted. In such cases, the in-
priate for the speed the equipment is spector will rely upon other available
traveling except for equipment which evidence to determine whether the
324
service brake system meets the per- potential trajectory of wheel compo-
formance requirement of this standard. nents.
[53 FR 32521, Aug. 25, 1988; 53 FR 44588, Nov.
4, 1988]
§ 56.14105 Procedures during repairs
or maintenance.
§ 56.14102 Brakes for rail equipment. Repairs or maintenance of machinery
Braking systems on railroad cars and or equipment shall be performed only
locomotives shall be maintained in after the power is off, and the machin-
functional condition. ery or equipment blocked against haz-
ardous motion. Machinery or equip-
§ 56.14103 Operators stations. ment motion or activation is permitted
(a) If windows are provided on opera- to the extent that adjustments or test-
tors’ stations of self-propelled mobile ing cannot be performed without mo-
equipment, the windows shall be made tion or activation, provided that per-
of safety glass or material with equiva- sons are effectively protected from haz-
lent safety characteristics. The win- ardous motion.
dows shall be maintained to provide
visibility for safe operation. § 56.14106 Falling object protection.
(b) If damaged windows obscure visi- (a) Fork-lift trucks, front-end load-
bility necessary for safe operation, or ers, and bulldozers shall be provided
create a hazard to the equipment oper- with falling object protective struc-
ator, the windows shall be replaced or tures if used in an area where falling
removed. Damaged windows shall be re- objects could create a hazard to the
placed if absence of a window would ex- equipment operator.
pose the equipment operator to haz-
(b) The protective structure shall be
ardous environmental conditions which
capable of withstanding the falling ob-
would affect the ability of the equip-
ment operator to safely operate the ject loads to which it would be sub-
equipment. jected.
(c) The operator’s stations of self-
§ 56.14107 Moving machine parts.
propelled mobile equipment shall—
(1) Be free of materials that could (a) Moving machine parts shall be
create a hazard to persons by impairing guarded to protect persons from con-
the safe operation of the equipment; tacting gears, sprockets, chains, drive,
and head, tail, and takeup pulleys,
(2) Not be modified, in a manner that flywheels, couplings, shafts, fan blades,
obscures visibility necessary for safe and similar moving parts that can
operation. cause injury.
(b) Guards shall not be required
§ 56.14104 Tire repairs. where the exposed moving parts are at
(a) Before a tire is removed from a least seven feet away from walking or
vehicle for tire repair, the valve core working surfaces.
shall be partially removed to allow for
gradual deflation and then removed. § 56.14108 Overhead drive belts.
During deflation, to the extent pos-
Overhead drive belts shall be guarded
sible, persons shall stand outside of the
to contain the whipping action of a
potential trajectory of the lock ring of
broken belt if that action could be haz-
a multi-piece wheel rim.
ardous to persons.
(b) To prevent injury from wheel
rims during tire inflation, one of the § 56.14109 Unguarded conveyors with
following shall be used: adjacent travelways.
(1) A wheel cage or other restraining
device that will constrain all wheel rim Unguarded conveyors next to the
components during an explosive sepa- travelways shall be equipped with—
ration of a multi-piece wheel rim, or (a) Emergency stop devices which are
during the sudden release of contained located so that a person falling on or
air in a single piece rim wheel; or against the conveyor can readily de-
(2) A stand-off inflation device which activate the conveyor drive motor; or
permits persons to stand outside of the (b) Railings which—
325
§ 56.14110 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(1) Are positioned to prevent persons § 56.14114 Air valves for pneumatic
from falling on or against the con- equipment.
veyor; A manual master quick-close type air
(2) Will be able to withstand the vi- valve shall be installed on all pneu-
bration, shock, and wear to which they matic-powered equipment if there is a
will be subjected during normal oper- hazard of uncontrolled movement when
ation; and the air supply is activated. The valve
(3) Are constructed and maintained shall be closed except when the equip-
so that they will not create a hazard. ment is being operated.
§ 56.14110 Flying or falling materials. § 56.14115 Stationary grinding ma-

chines.
In areas where flying or falling mate- Stationary grinding machines, other
rials generated from the operation of than special bit grinders, shall be
screens, crushers, or conveyors present equipped with—
a hazard, guards, shields, or other de- (a) Peripheral hoods capable of with-
vices that provide protection against standing the force of a bursting wheel
such flying or falling materials shall be and enclosing not less than 270° of the
provided to protect persons. periphery of the wheel;
(b) Adjustable tool rests set so that
§ 56.14111 Slusher, backlash guards the distance between the grinding sur-
and securing. face of the wheel and the tool rest in
(a) When persons are exposed to not greater than 1⁄8 inch; and
slushing operations, the slushers shall (c) A safety washer on each side of
be equipped with rollers and drum cov- the wheel.
ers and anchored securely before [53 FR 32521, Aug. 25, 1988; 53 FR 44588, Nov.
slushing operations are started. 4, 1988]
(b) Slushers rated over 10 horsepower
§ 56.14116 Hand-held power tools.
shall be equipped with backlash guards,
unless the equipment operator is other- (a) Power drills, disc sanders, grind-
wise protected. ers and circular and chain saws, when
(c) This standard does not apply to used in the hand-held mode shall be op-
air tuggers of 10 horsepower or less erated with controls which require con-
stant hand or finger pressure.
that have only one cable and one drum.
(b) Circular saws and chain saws
§ 56.14112 Construction and mainte- shall not be equipped with devices
nance of guards. which lock-on the operating controls.
(a) Guards shall be constructed and § 56.14130 Roll-over protective struc-
maintained to— tures (ROPS) and seat belts.
(1) Withstand the vibration, shock, (a) Equipment included. Roll-over pro-
and wear to which they will be sub- tective structures (ROPS) and seat
jected during normal operation; and belts shall be installed on—
(2) Not create a hazard by their use. (1) Crawler tractors and crawler load-
(b) Guards shall be securely in place ers;
while machinery is being operated, ex- (2) Graders;
cept when testing or making adjust- (3) Wheel loaders and wheel tractors;
(4) The tractor portion of semi-
ments which cannot be performed with-
mounted scrapers, dumpers, water wag-
out removal of the guard.
ons, bottom-dump wagons, rear-dump
§ 56.14113 Inclined conveyors: back- wagons, and towed fifth wheel attach-
stops or brakes. ments;
(5) Skid-steer loaders; and
Backstops or brakes shall be in- (6) Agricultural tractors.
stalled on drive units of inclined con- (b) ROPS construction. ROPS shall
veyors to prevent the conveyors from meet the requirements of the following
running in reverse, creating a hazard Society of Automotive Engineers
to persons. (SAE) publications, as applicable,

which are incorporated by reference:
326
(1) SAE J1040, ‘‘Performance Criteria (g) Wearing seat belts. Seat belts shall
for Roll-Over Protective Structures be worn by the equipment operator ex-
(ROPS) for Construction, Earthmoving, cept that when operating graders from
Forestry, and Mining Machines,’’, 1986; a standing position, the grader oper-
or ator shall wear safety lines and a har-
(2) SAE J1194, ‘‘Roll-Over Protective ness in place of a seat belt.
Structures (ROPS) for Wheeled Agri- (h) Seat belts construction. Seat belts
cultural Tractors’’, 1983. required under this section shall meet
(c) ROPS labelling. ROPS shall have a the requirement of SAE J386, ‘‘Oper-
label permanently affixed to the struc- ator Restraint System for Off-Road
ture identifying— Work Machines’’ (1985, 1993, or 1997), or
(1) The manufacturer’s name and ad- SAE J1194, ‘‘Roll-Over Protective
dress; Structures (ROPS) for Wheeled Agri-
(2) The ROPS model number; and cultural Tractors’’ (1983, 1989, 1994, or
(3) The make and model number of 1999), as applicable, which are incor-
the equipment for which the ROPS is porated by reference.
designed. (i) Seat belt maintenance. Seat belts
shall be maintained in functional con-
(d) ROPS installation. ROPS shall be
dition, and replaced when necessary to
installed on the equipment in accord-
assure proper performance.
ance with the recommendations of the
(j) Publications. The incorporation by
ROPS manufacturer.
reference of these publications is ap-
(e) ROPS maintenance. (1) ROPS shall proved by the Director of the Federal
be maintained in a condition that Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C.
meets the performance requirements 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Copies of
applicable to the equipment. If the these publications may be examined at
ROPS is subjected to roll-over an ab- any Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety
normal structural loading, the equip- and Health District Office; at MSHA’s
ment manufacturer or a registered pro- Office of Standards, Regulations, and
fessional engineer with knowledge and Variances, 201 12th Street South, Ar-
experience in ROPS design shall recer- lington, VA 22202–5452; 202–693–9440; or
tify that the ROPS meets the applica- at the National Archives and Records
ble performance requirements before it Administration (NARA). For informa-
is returned to service. tion on the availability of this mate-
(2) Alterations or repairs on ROPS rial at NARA, call 202–741–6030, or go
shall be performed only with approval to: http://www.archives.gov/fed-
from the ROPS manufacturer or under erallregister/
the instructions of a registered profes- codeloflfederallregulations/
sional engineer with knowledge and ex- ibrllocations.html. Copies may be pur-
perience in ROPS design. The manufac- chased from the Society of Automotive
turer or engineer shall certify that the Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,
ROPS meets the applicable perform- Warrendale, PA 15096–0001; 724–776–4841;
ance requirements. http://www.sae.org.
(f) Exemptions. (1) This standard does
not apply to— [53 FR 32521, Aug. 25, 1988; 53 FR 44588, Nov.
4, 1988, as amended at 60 FR 33723, June 29,
(i) Self-propelled mobile equipment 1995; 67 FR 38385, June 4, 2002; 68 FR 19347,
manufactured prior to July 1, 1969; Apr. 21, 2003; 80 FR 52987, Sept. 2, 2015]
(ii) Over-the-road type tractors that
pull trailers or vans on highways; § 56.14131 Seat belts for haulage
(iii) Equipment that is only operated trucks.
by remote control; and (a) Seat belts shall be provided and
(2) Self-propelled mobile equipment worn in haulage trucks.
manufactured prior to October 24, 1988, (b) Seat belts shall be maintained in
that is equipped with ROPS and seat functional condition, and replaced
belts that meet the installation and when necessary to assure proper per-
performance requirements of 30 CFR formance.
56.9088 (1986 edition) shall be considered (c) Seat belts required under this sec-
in compliance with paragraphs (b) and tion shall meet the requirements of
(h) of this section. SAE J386, ‘‘Operator Restraint System
327
§ 56.14132 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
for Off-Road Work Machines’’ (1985, SAFETY PRACTICES AND OPERATIONAL

1993, or 1997), which are incorporated by PROCEDURES
reference.
(d) The incorporation by reference of § 56.14200 Warnings prior to starting
these publications is approved by the or moving equipment.
Director of the Federal Register in ac- Before starting crushers or moving
cordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR self-propelled mobile equipment, equip-
part 51. Copies of these publications ment operators shall sound a warning
may be examined at any Metal and that is audible above the surrounding
Nonmetal Mine Safety and Health Dis- noise level or use other effective means
trict Office; at MSHA’s Office of Stand- to warn all persons who could be ex-
ards, Regulations, and Variances, 201 posed to a hazard from the equipment.
12th Street South, Arlington, VA 22202–
5452; 202–693–9440; or at the National Ar- § 56.14201 Conveyor start-up warnings.
chives and Records Administration (a) When the entire length of a con-
(NARA). For information on the avail- veyor is visible from the starting
ability of this material at NARA, call switch, the conveyor operator shall vis-
202–741–6030, or go to: http:// ually check to make certain that all
www.archives.gov/federallregister/ persons are in the clear before starting
codeloflfederallregulations/ the conveyor.
ibrllocations.html. Copies may be pur- (b) When the entire length of the con-
chased from the Society of Automotive veyor is not visible from the starting
Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive, switch, a system which provides visible
Warrendale, PA 15096–0001; 724–776–4841; or audible warning shall be installed
http://www.sae.org. and operated to warn persons that the
[50 FR 4054, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 67 conveyor will be started. Within 30 sec-
FR 38385, June 4, 2002; 68 FR 19347, Apr. 21, onds after the warning is given, the
2003; 80 FR 52987, Sept. 2, 2015] conveyor shall be started or a second
warning shall be given.
§ 56.14132 Horns and backup alarms.
(a) Manually-operated horns or other § 56.14202 Manual cleaning of con-
veyor pulleys.
audible warning devices provided on
self-propelled mobile equipment as a Pulleys of conveyors shall not be
safety feature shall be maintained in cleaned manually while the conveyor is
functional condition. in motion.
(b)(1) When the operator has an ob-
structed view to the rear, self-propelled § 56.14203 Application of belt dressing.
mobile equipment shall have— Belt dressings shall not be applied
(i) An automatic reverse-activated manually while belts are in motion un-
signal alarm; less a pressurized-type applicator is
(ii) A wheel-mounted bell alarm used that allows the dressing to be ap-
which sounds at least once for each plied from outside the guards.
three feet of reverse movement;
(iii) A discriminating backup alarm § 56.14204 Machinery lubrication.
that covers the area of obstructed Machinery or equipment shall not be
view; or lubricated manually while it is in mo-
(iv) An observer to signal when it is tion where application of the lubricant
safe to back up. may expose persons to injury.
(2) Alarms shall be audible above the
surrounding noise level. § 56.14205 Machinery, equipment, and
tools.
(3) An automatic reverse-activated
strobe light may be used at night in Machinery, equipment, and tools
lieu of an audible reverse alarm. shall not be used beyond the design ca-
pacity intended by the manufacturer
(c) This standard does not apply to

rail equipment. where such use may create a hazard to
persons.
328
§ 56.14206 Securing movable parts. subjected shall be used in conjunction

with any primary rigging.
(a) When moving mobile equipment
(c) This provision does not apply to
between workplaces, booms, forks,
rail equipment.
buckets, beds, and similar movable
parts of the equipment shall be posi- § 56.14210 Movement of dippers, buck-
tioned in the travel mode and, if re- ets, loading booms, or suspended
quired for safe travel, mechanically se- loads.
cured. (a) Dippers, buckets, loading booms,
(b) When mobile equipment is unat- or suspended loads shall not be swung
tended or not in use, dippers, buckets over the operators’ stations of self-pro-
and scraper blades shall be lowered to pelled mobile equipment until the
the ground. Other movable parts, such equipment operator is out of the opera-
as booms, shall be mechanically se- tor’s station and in a safe location.
cured or positioned to prevent move- (b) This section does not apply when
ment which would create a hazard to the equipment is specifically designed
persons. to protect the equipment operator from
[53 FR 32521, Aug. 25, 1988; 53 FR 44588, Nov. falling objects.
4, 1988]
§ 56.14211 Blocking equipment in a
§ 56.14207 Parking procedures for un- raised position.
attended equipment. (a) Persons shall not work on top of,
Mobile equipment shall not be left under, or work from mobile equipment
unattended unless the controls are in a raised position until the equip-
placed in the park position and the ment has been blocked or mechanically
parking brake, if provided, is set. When secured to prevent it from rolling or
parked on a grade, the wheels or tracks falling accidentally.
of mobile equipment shall be either (b) Persons shall not work on top of,
chocked or turned into a bank. under, or work from a raised compo-
nent of mobile equipment until the
§ 56.14208 Warning devices. component has been blocked or me-
chanically secured to prevent acci-
(a) Visible warning devices shall be dental lowering. The equipment must
used when parked mobile equipment also be blocked or secured to prevent
creates a hazard to persons in other rolling.
mobile equipment. (c) A raised component must be se-
(b) Mobile equipment, other than cured to prevent accidental lowering
forklifts, carrying loads that project when persons are working on or around
beyond the sides or more than four feet mobile equipment and are exposed to
beyond the rear of the equipment shall the hazard of accidental lowering of
have a warning flag at the end of the the component.
projection. Under conditions of limited (d) Under this section, a raised com-
visibility these loads shall have a ponent of mobile equipment is consid-
warning light at the end of the projec- ered to be blocked or mechanically se-
tion. Such flag or lights shall be at- cured if provided with a functional
tached to the end of the projection or load-locking device or a device which
be carried by persons walking beside or prevents free and uncontrolled descent.
behind the projection. (e) Blocking or mechanical securing
of the raised component is required
§ 56.14209 Safety procedures for tow- during repair or maintenance of ele-
ing.
vated mobile work platforms.
(a) A properly sized tow bar or other
effective means of control shall be used § 56.14212 Chains, ropes, and drive
to tow mobile equipment. belts.
(b) Unless steering and braking are Chains, ropes, and drive belts shall be
under the control of the equipment op- guided mechanically onto moving pul-
erator on the towed equipment, a safe- leys, sprockets, or drums except where
ty chain or wire rope capable of with- equipment is designed specifically for

standing the loads to which it could be hand feeding.
329
§ 56.14213 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 56.14213 Ventilation and shielding not clearly recognize the brakeman’s

for welding. signals, the train operator shall bring
(a) Welding operations shall be the train to a stop.
shielded when performed at locations
APPENDIX I TO SUBPART M OF PART 56—
where arc flash could be hazardous to
NATIONAL CONSENSUS STANDARDS
persons.
(b) All welding operations shall be Mine operators seeking further informa-
well-ventilated. tion regarding the construction and installa-
tion of falling object protective structures
§ 56.14214 Train warnings. (FOPS) may consult the following national
consensus standards, as applicable.
A warning that is audible above the
surrounding noise level shall be sound- MSHA STANDARD 56.14106, FALLING OBJECT
ed— PROTECTION.
(a) Immediately prior to moving
trains; Equipment National consensus standard
(b) When trains approach persons,
Front-end loaders Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)
crossings, other trains on adjacent and bulldozers. minimum performance criteria for
tracks; and falling object protective structures
(c) Any place where the train opera- (FOPS) SAE J231—January, 1981.
tor’s vision is obscured. Fork-lift trucks ........ American National Standards Institute
(ANSI) safety standard for low lift
and high lift trucks, B 56.1, section
§ 56.14215 Coupling or uncoupling 7.27—1983; or,
cars. American National Standards Institute
Prior to coupling or uncoupling cars (ANSI) standard, rough terrain fork
lift trucks, B56.6—1987.
manually, trains shall be brought to a
complete stop, and then moved at min-
imum tram speed until the coupling or Subpart N—Personal Protection
uncoupling activity is completed. Cou-
pling or uncoupling shall not be at- § 56.15001 First-aid materials.
tempted from the inside of curves un-
less the railroad and cars are designed Adequate first-aid materials, includ-
to eliminate hazards to persons. ing stretchers and blankets, shall be
provided at places convenient to all
§ 56.14216 Backpoling. working areas. Water or neutralizing
agents shall be available where corro-
Backpoling of trolleys is prohibited
sive chemicals or other harmful sub-
except where there is inadequate clear-
stances are stored, handled, or used.
ance to reverse the trolley pole. Where
backpoling is required, it shall be done § 56.15002 Hard hats.
only at the minimum tram speed of the
trolley. All persons shall wear suitable hard
hats when in or around a mine or plant
§ 56.14217 Securing parked railcars. where falling objects may create a haz-
Parked railcars shall be blocked se- ard.
curely unless held effectively by § 56.15003 Protective footwear.
brakes.
All persons shall wear suitable pro-
§ 56.14218 Movement of equipment on tective footwear when in or around an
adjacent tracks. area of a mine or plant where a hazard
When a locomotive on one track is exists which could cause an injury to
used to move rail equipment on adja- the feet.
cent tracks, a chain, cable, or drawbar
shall be used which is capable of meet- § 56.15004 Eye protection.
ing the loads to which it could be sub- All persons shall wear safety glasses,
jected. goggles, or face shields or other suit-
able protective devices when in or
§ 56.14219 Brakeman signals. around an area of a mine or plant
When a train is under the direction of where a hazard exists which could
a brakeman and the train operator can- cause injury to unprotected eyes.
330
§ 56.15005 Safety belts and lines. enter or work where they are exposed
Safety belts and lines shall be worn to entrapment by the caving or sliding
when persons work where there is dan- of materials; and
ger of falling; a second person shall (2) Equipped with supply and dis-
tend the lifeline when bins, tanks, or charge operating controls. The controls
other dangerous areas are entered. shall be located so that spills or over-
runs will not endanger persons.
§ 56.15006 Protective equipment and (b) Where persons are required to
clothing for hazards and irritants. move around or over any facility listed
Special protective equipment and in this standard, suitable walkways or
special protective clothing shall be passageways shall be provided.
provided, maintained in a sanitary and (c) Where persons are required to
reliable condition and used whenever enter any facility listed in this stand-
hazards of process or environment, ard for maintenance or inspection pur-
chemical hazards, radiological hazards, poses, ladders, platforms, or staging
or mechanical irritants are encoun- shall be provided. No person shall enter
tered in a manner capable of causing the facility until the supply and dis-
injury or impairment. charge of materials have ceased and
the supply and discharge equipment is
§ 56.15007 Protective equipment or locked out. Persons entering the facil-
clothing for welding, cutting, or ity shall wear a safety belt or harness
working with molten metal. equipped with a lifeline suitably fas-
Protective clothing or equipment and tened. A second person, similarly
face shields, or goggles shall be worn equipped, shall be stationed near where
when welding, cutting, or working with the lifeline is fastened and shall con-
molten metal. stantly adjust it or keep it tight as
needed, with minimum slack.
§ 56.15014 Eye protection when oper-
ating grinding wheels. § 56.16003 Storage of hazardous mate-
Face shields or goggles in good condi- rials.
tion shall be worn when operating a Materials that can create hazards if
grinding wheel. accidentally liberated from their con-
[53 FR 32526, Aug. 25, 1988] tainers shall be stored in a manner
that minimizes the dangers.
§ 56.15020 Life jackets and belts.
Life jackets or belts shall be worn § 56.16004 Containers for hazardous
where there is danger from falling into materials.
water. Containers holding hazardous mate-
rials must be of a type approved for
Subpart O—Materials Storage and such use by recognized agencies.
Handling [67 FR 42389, June 21, 2002]
§ 56.16001 Stacking and storage of ma- § 56.16005 Securing gas cylinders.

terials.
Compressed and liquid gas cylinders
Supplies shall not be stacked or
shall be secured in a safe manner.
stored in a manner which creates trip-
ping or fall-of-material hazards. § 56.16006 Protection of gas cylinder
valves.
§ 56.16002 Bins, hoppers, silos, tanks,
and surge piles. Valves on compressed gas cylinders
(a) Bins, hoppers, silos, tanks, and shall be protected by covers when being
surge piles, where loose unconsolidated transported or stored, and by a safe lo-
materials are stored, handled or trans- cation when the cylinders are in use.
ferred shall be—
(1) Equipped with mechanical devices § 56.16007 Taglines, hitches, and slings.
or other effective means of handling (a) Taglines shall be attached to
materials so that during normal oper- loads that may require steadying or
ations persons are not required to guidance while suspended.
331
§ 56.16009 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(b) Hitches and slings used to hoist stantial footwalks with toeboards and
materials shall be suitable for the par- railings the length of the bridge.
ticular material handled.
§ 56.16016 Lift trucks.
§ 56.16009 Suspended loads. Fork and other similar types of lift
Persons shall stay clear of suspended trucks shall be operated with the—
loads. (a) Upright tilted back to steady and
secure the load;
§ 56.16010 Dropping materials from (b) Load in the upgrade position
overhead. when ascending or descending grades in
To protect personnel, material shall excess of 10 percent;
not be dropped from an overhead ele- (c) Load not raised or lowered
vation until the drop area is first enroute except for minor adjustments;
cleared of personnel and the area is and
then either guarded or a suitable warn- (d) Load-engaging device downgrade
ing is given. when traveling unloaded on all grades.
§ 56.16011 Riding hoisted loads or on Subpart P—Illumination

the hoist hook.
§ 56.17001 Illumination of surface
Persons shall not ride on loads being working areas.
moved by cranes or derricks, nor shall
they ride the hoisting hooks unless Illumination sufficient to provide
such method eliminates a greater haz- safe working conditions shall be pro-
ard. vided in and on all surface structures,
paths, walkways, stairways, switch
§ 56.16012 Storage of incompatible sub- panels, loading and dumping sites, and
stances. work areas.
Chemical substances, including con-
centrated acids and alkalies, shall be Subpart Q—Safety Programs
stored to prevent inadvertent contact
§ 56.18002 Examination of working
with each other or with other sub- places.
stances, where such contact could
cause a violent reaction or the libera- (a) A competent person designated by
tion of harmful fumes or gases. the operator shall examine each work-
ing place at least once each shift before
§ 56.16013 Working with molten metal. miners begin work in that place, for
conditions that may adversely affect
Suitable warning shall be given be- safety or health.
fore molten metal is poured and before (1) The operator shall promptly no-
a container of molten metal is moved. tify miners in any affected areas of any
conditions found that may adversely
§ 56.16014 Operator-carrying overhead
cranes. affect safety or health and promptly
initiate appropriate action to correct
Operator-carrying overhead cranes such conditions.
shall be provided with— (2) Conditions noted by the person
(a) Bumpers at each end of each rail; conducting the examination that may
(b) Automatic switches to halt present an imminent danger shall be
uptravel of the blocks before they brought to the immediate attention of
strike the hoist; the operator who shall withdraw all
(c) Effective audible warning signals persons from the area affected (except
within easy reach of the operator; and persons referred to in section 104(c) of
(d) A means to lock out the dis- the Federal Mine Safety and Health
connect switch. Act of 1977) until the danger is abated.
(b) A record of each examination
§ 56.16015 Work or travel on overhead shall be made before the end of the
crane bridges. shift for which the examination was
No person shall work from or travel conducted. The record shall contain
on the bridge of an overhead crane un- the name of the person conducting the
less the bridge is provided with sub- examination; date of the examination;
332
location of all areas examined; and de- § 56.18014 Emergency medical assist-
scription of each condition found that ance and transportation.
may adversely affect the safety or Arrangements shall be made in ad-
health of miners. vance for obtaining emergency medical
(c) When a condition that may ad- assistance and transportation for in-
versely affect safety or health is cor- jured persons.
rected, the examination record shall
include, or be supplemented to include, § 56.18020 Working alone.
the date of the corrective action. No employee shall be assigned, or al-
(d) The operator shall maintain the lowed, or be required to perform work
examination records for at least one alone in any area where hazardous con-
year, make the records available for in- ditions exist that would endanger his
spection by authorized representatives safety unless he can communicate with
of the Secretary and the representa- others, can be heard, or can be seen.
tives of miners, and provide these rep-
resentatives a copy on request. Subpart R—Personnel Hoisting
[84 FR 51401, Sept. 30, 2019] § 56.19000 Application.
§ 56.18006 New employees. (a) The hoisting standards in this
subpart apply to those hoists and ap-
New employees shall be indoctrinated purtenances used for hoisting persons.
in safety rules and safe work proce- However, where persons may be endan-
dures. gered by hoists and appurtenances used
solely for handling ore, rock, and mate-
§ 56.18009 Designation of person in rials, the appropriate standards should
charge. be applied.
When persons are working at the (b) Standards 56.19021 through 56.19028
mine, a competent person designated apply to wire ropes in service used to
by the mine operator shall be in at- hoist persons with an incline hoist on
tendance to take charge in case of an the surface.
emergency. (c) Emergency hoisting facilities
should conform to the extent possible
§ 56.18010 First aid. to safety requirements for other hoists,
and should be adequate to remove the
An individual capable of providing
persons from the mine with a minimum
first aid shall be available on all shifts.
of delay.
The individual shall be currently
trained and have the skills to perform HOISTS
patient assessment and artificial res-
piration; control bleeding; and treat § 56.19001 Rated capacities.
shock, wounds, burns, and musculo- Hoists shall have rated capacities
skeletal injuries. First aid training consistent with the loads handled and
shall be made available to all inter- the recommended safety factors of the
ested miners. ropes used.
[61 FR 50436, Sept. 26, 1996] § 56.19002 Anchoring.
§ 56.18012 Emergency telephone num- Hoists shall be anchored securely.
bers.
§ 56.19003 Driving mechanism connec-
Emergency telephone numbers shall tions.
be posted at appropriate telephones. Belt, rope, or chains shall not be used
to connect driving mechanisms to man
§ 56.18013 Emergency communications
hoists.
system.
A suitable communication system § 56.19004 Brakes.
shall be provided at the mine to obtain Any hoist used to hoist persons shall
assistance in the event of an emer- be equipped with a brake or brakes

gency. which shall be capable of holding its
333
§ 56.19005 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
fully loaded cage, skip, or bucket at § 56.19013 Diesel- and other fuel-injec-
any point in the shaft. tion-powered hoists.
Where any diesel or similar fuel-in-
§ 56.19005 Locking mechanism for jection engine is used to power a hoist,
clutch.
the engine shall be equipped with a
The operating mechanism of the damper or other cutoff in its air intake
clutch of every man-hoist drum shall system. The control handle shall be
be provided with a locking mechanism, clearly labeled to indicate that its in-
or interlocked electrically or mechani- tended function is for emergency stop-
cally with the brake to prevent acci- ping only.
dental withdrawal of the clutch.
§ 56.19014 Friction hoist overtravel
§ 56.19006 Automatic hoist braking de- protection.
vices. In a friction hoist installation, ta-
Automatic hoists shall be provided pered guides or other approved devices
with devices that automatically apply shall be installed above and below the
the brakes in the event of power fail- limits of regular travel of the convey-
ure. ance and arranged to prevent over-
travel in the event of failure of other
§ 56.19007 Overtravel and overspeed devices.
devices.
§ 56.19017 Emergency braking for elec-
All man hoists shall be provided with tric hoists.
devices to prevent overtravel. When
Each electric hoist shall be equipped
utilized in shafts exceeding 100 feet in
with a manually-operable switch that
depth, such hoists shall also be pro-
will initiate emergency braking action
vided with overspeed devices.
to bring the conveyance and the coun-
§ 56.19008 Friction hoist synchronizing terbalance safely to rest. This switch
mechanisms. shall be located within reach of the
hoistman in case the manual controls
Where creep or slip may alter the ef- of the hoist fail.
fective position of safety devices, fric-
tion hoists shall be equipped with syn- § 56.19018 Overtravel by-pass switches.
chronizing mechanisms that recali- When an overtravel by-pass switch is
brate the overtravel devices and posi- installed, the switch shall function so
tion indicators. as to allow the conveyance to be moved
through the overtravel position when
§ 56.19009 Position indicator.
the switch is held in the closed position
An accurate and reliable indicator of by the hoistman. The overtravel by-
the position of the cage, skip, bucket, pass switch shall return automatically
or cars in the shaft shall be provided. to the open position when released by
the hoistman.
§ 56.19010 Location of hoist controls.
[50 FR 4054, Jan. 29, 1985; 50 FR 20100, May 14,
Hoist controls shall be placed or 1985]
housed so that the noise from machin-
ery or other sources will not prevent WIRE ROPES
hoistmen from hearing signals.
AUTHORITY: Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety
§ 56.19011 Drum flanges. and Health Act of 1977, Pub. L. 91–173 as
amended by Pub. L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30
Flanges on drums shall extend radi- U.S.C. 811).
ally a minimum of 4 inches or three
rope diameters beyond the last wrap, § 56.19021 Minimum rope strength.
whichever is the lesser. At installation, the nominal strength
(manufacturer’s published catalog
§ 56.19012 Grooved drums. strength) of wire ropes used for hoist-
Where grooved drums are used, the ing shall meet the minimum rope
grooves shall be of suitable size and strength values obtained by the fol-
pitch for the ropes used. lowing formulas in which ‘‘L’’ equals
334
the maximum suspended rope length in (c) At least once every six months,
feet: nondestructive tests shall be conducted
(a) Winding drum ropes (all construc- of the active length of the rope, or rope
tions, including rotation resistant). diameter measurements shall be
made—
For rope lengths less than 3,000 feet:
Minimum Value = Static
(1) Wherever wear is evident;
Load × (7.0–0.001L) (2) Where the hoist rope rests on
For rope lengths 3,000 feet or greater: sheaves at regular stopping points;
Minimum Value = Static Load × 4.0 (3) Where the hoist rope leaves the
drum at regular stopping points; and
(b) Friction drum ropes. (4) At drum crossover and change-of-
For rope lengths less than 4,000 feet: layer regions.
Minimum Value = Static (d) At the completion of each exam-
Load × (7.0–0.0005L) ination required by paragraph (a) of
For rope lengths 4,000 feet or greater: this section, the person making the ex-
Minimum Value = Static Load × 5.0 amination shall certify, by signature
(c) Tail ropes (balance ropes). and date, that the examination has
been made. If any condition listed in
Minimum Value = Weight of Rope × 7.0
paragraph (a) of this section is present,
§ 56.19022 Initial measurement. the person conducting the examination
shall make a record of the condition
After initial rope stretch but before and the date. Certifications and records
visible wear occurs, the rope diameter of examinations shall be retained for
of newly installed wire ropes shall be one year.
measured at least once in every third (e) The person making the measure-
interval of active length and the meas- ments or nondestructive tests as re-
urements averaged to establish a base- quired by paragraph (c) of this section
line for subsequent measurements. A shall record the measurements or test
record of the measurements and the results and the date. This record shall
date shall be made by the person tak- be retained until the rope is retired
ing the measurements. This record from service.
shall be retained until the rope is re-
tired from service. [50 FR 4054, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 60
FR 33723, June 29, 1995]
FR 33723, June 29, 1995] § 56.19024 Retirement criteria.
Unless damage or deterioration is re-
§ 56.19023 Examinations.
moved by cutoff, wire ropes shall be re-
(a) At least once every fourteen cal- moved from service when any of the
endar days, each wire rope in service following conditions occurs:
shall be visually examined along its en- (a) The number of broken wires with-
tire active length for visible structural in a rope lay length, excluding filler
damage, corrosion, and improper lubri- wires, exceeds either—
cation or dressing. In addition, visual (1) Five percent of the total number
examination for wear and broken wires of wires; or
shall be made at stress points, includ- (2) Fifteen percent of the total num-
ing the area near attachments, where ber of wires within any strand.
the rope rests on sheaves, where the (b) On a regular lay rope, more than
rope leaves the drum, at drum cross- one broken wire in the valley between
overs, and at change-of-layer regions. strands in one rope lay length.
When any visible condition that results (c) A loss of more than one-third of
in a reduction of rope strength is the original diameter of the outer
present, the affected portion of the wires.
rope shall be examined on a daily basis. (d) Rope deterioration from corro-
(b) Before any person is hoisted with sion.
a newly installed wire rope or any wire (e) Distortion of the rope structure.
rope that has not been examined in the (f) Heat damage from any source.
previous fourteen calendar days, the (g) Diameter reduction due to wear
wire rope shall be examined in accord- that exceeds six percent of the baseline
ance with paragraph (a) of this section. diameter measurement.
335
§ 56.19025 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(h) Loss of more than ten percent of § 56.19030 Safety device attachments.
rope strength as determined by non-
Safety device attachments to hoist
destructive testing.
ropes shall be selected, installed, and
§ 56.19025 Load end attachments. maintained according to manufactur-
ers’ specifications to minimize internal
(a) Wire rope shall be attached to the corrosion and weakening of the hoist
load by a method that develops at least rope.
80 percent of the nominal strength of
the rope. HEADFRAMES AND SHEAVES
(b) Except for terminations where use
of other materials is a design feature, § 56.19035 Headframe design.
zinc (spelter) shall be used for All headframes shall be constructed
socketing wire ropes. Design feature with suitable design considerations to
means either the manufacturer’s origi- allow for all dead loads, live loads, and
nal design or a design approved by a wind loads.
registered professional engineer.
(c) Load end attachment methods § 56.19036 Headframe height.
using splices are prohibited. Headframes shall be high enough to
provide clearance for overtravel and
§ 56.19026 Drum end attachment. safe stopping of the conveyance.
(a) For drum end attachment, wire
§ 56.19037 Fleet angles.
rope shall be attached—
(1) Securely by clips after making Fleet angles on hoists installed after
one full turn around the drum spoke; November 15, 1979, shall not be greater
(2) Securely by clips after making than one and one-half degrees for
one full turn around the shaft, if the smooth drums or two degrees for
drum is fixed to the shaft; or grooved drums.
(3) By properly assembled anchor § 56.19038 Platforms around elevated
bolts, clamps, or wedges, provided that head sheaves.
the attachment is a design feature of
the hoist drum. Design feature means Platforms with toeboards and hand-
either the manufacturer’s original de- rails shall be provided around elevated
sign or a design approved by a reg- head sheaves.
istered professional engineer. CONVEYANCES
(b) A minimum of three full turns of
wire rope shall be on the drum when § 56.19045 Metal bonnets.
the rope is extended to its maximum Man cages and skips used for hoisting
working length. or lowering employees or other persons
§ 56.19027 End attachment retermi- in any vertical shaft or any incline-
nation. shaft with an angle of inclination of
forty-five degrees from the horizontal,
Damaged or deteriorated wire rope shall be covered with a metal bonnet.
shall be removed by cutoff and the rope
reterminated where there is— § 56.19049 Hoisting persons in buckets.
(a) More than one broken wire at an Buckets shall not be used to hoist
attachment; persons except during shaft sinking op-
(b) Improper installation of an at- erations, inspection, maintenance, and
tachment; repairs.
(c) Slippage at an attachment; or
(d) Evidence of deterioration from § 56.19050 Bucket requirements.
corrosion at an attachment. Buckets used to hoist persons during
vertical shaft sinking operations
§ 56.19028 End attachment replace- shall—
ment. (a) Be securely attached to a cross-
Wire rope attachments shall be re- head when traveling in either direction
placed when cracked, deformed, or ex- between the lower and upper crosshead
cessively worn. parking locations;
336
(b) Have overhead protection when § 56.19062 Maximum acceleration and

the shaft depth exceeds 50 feet; deceleration.
(c) Have sufficient depth or a suit- Maximum normal operating accelera-
ably designed platform to transport tion and deceleration shall not exceed 6
persons safely in a standing position; feet per second per second. During
and emergency braking, the deceleration
(d) Have devices to prevent acci- shall not exceed 16 feet per second per
dental dumping where the bucket is second.
supported by a bail attached to its
lower half. § 56.19063 Persons allowed in hoist
room.
§ 56.19054 Rope guides. Only authorized persons shall be in
Where rope guides are used in shafts hoist rooms.
other than in shaft sinking operations,
the rope guides shall be a type of lock § 56.19065 Lowering conveyances by
coil construction. the brakes.
Conveyances shall not be lowered by
HOISTING PROCEDURES the brakes alone except during emer-
gencies.
§ 56.19055 Availability of hoist oper-
ator for manual hoists. § 56.19066 Maximum riders in a con-
When a manually operated hoist is veyance.
used, a qualified hoistman shall remain In shafts inclined over 45 degrees, the
within hearing of the telephone or sig- operator shall determine and post in
nal device at all times while any per- the conveyance or at each shaft station
son is underground. the maximum number of persons per-
mitted to ride in a hoisting conveyance
§ 56.19056 Availability of hoist oper- at any one time. Each person shall be
ator for automatic hoists. provided a minimum of 1.5 square feet
When automatic hoisting is used, a of floor space.
competent operator of the hoist shall
be readily available at or near the § 56.19067 Trips during shift changes.
hoisting device while any person is un- During shift changes, an authorized
derground. person shall be in charge of each trip in
which persons are hoisted.
§ 56.19057 Hoist operator’s physical fit-
ness. § 56.19068 Orderly conduct in convey-
No person shall operate a hoist un- ances.
less within the preceding 12 months he Persons shall enter, ride, and leave
has had a medical examination by a conveyances in an orderly manner.
qualified, licensed physician who shall
certify his fitness to perform this duty. § 56.19069 Entering and leaving con-
Such certification shall be available at veyances.
the mine. Persons shall not enter or leave con-
veyances which are in motion or after
§ 56.19058 Experienced hoist opera- a signal to move the conveyance has
tors. been given to the hoistman.
Only experienced hoistmen shall op-
erate the hoist except in cases of emer- § 56.19070 Closing cage doors or gates.
gency and in the training of new Cage doors or gates shall be closed
hoistmen. while persons are being hoisted; they
shall not be opened until the cage has
§ 56.19061 Maximum hoisting speeds. come to a stop.
The safe speed for hoisting persons
shall be determined for each shaft, and § 56.19071 Riding in skips or buckets.
this speed shall not be exceeded. Per- Persons shall not ride in skips or
sons should not be hoisted at a speed buckets with muck, supplies, mate-
faster than 2,500 feet per minute, ex- rials, or tools other than small hand
cept in an emergency. tools.
337
§ 56.19072 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 56.19072 Skips and cages in same until a bucket reaches the guides.
compartment. When persons are hoisted, the signaling
When combinations of cages and devices shall be attended until the
skips are used in the same compart- crosshead has been engaged.
ment, the cages shall be enclosed to
§ 56.19079 Blocking mine cars.
protect personnel from flying material
and the hoist speed reduced to man- Where mine cars are hoisted by cage
speed as defined in standard 56.19061, or skip, means for blocking cars shall
but not to exceed 1,000 feet per minute. be provided at all landings and also on
Muck shall not be hoisted with per- the cage.
sonnel during shift changes.
§ 56.19080 Hoisting tools, timbers, and
§ 56.19073 Hoisting during shift other materials.
changes. When tools, timbers, or other mate-
Rock or supplies shall not be hoisted rials are being lowered or raised in a
in the same shaft as persons during shaft by means of a bucket, skip, or
shift changes, unless the compartments cage, they shall be secured or so placed
and dumping bins are partitioned to that they will not strike the sides of
prevent spillage into the cage compart- the shaft.
ment.
§ 56.19081 Conveyances not in use.
§ 56.19074 Riding the bail, rim, bonnet, When conveyances controlled by a
or crosshead. hoist operator are not in use, they
Persons shall not ride the bail, rim, shall be released and the conveyances
bonnet, or crosshead of any shaft con- shall be raised or lowered a suitable
veyance except when necessary for in- distance to prevent persons from
spection and maintenance, and then boarding or loading the conveyances.
only when suitable protection for per-
sons is provided. § 56.19083 Overtravel backout device.
A manually operated device shall be
§ 56.19075 Use of open hooks. installed on each electric hoist that
Open hooks shall not be used to hoist will allow the conveyance or counter-
buckets or other conveyances. balance to be removed from an over-
travel position. Such device shall not
§ 56.19076 Maximum speeds for hoist- release the brake, or brakes, holding
ing persons in buckets.
the overtravelled conveyance or coun-
When persons are hoisted in buckets, terbalance until sufficient drive motor
speeds shall not exceed 500 feet per torque has been developed to assure
minute and shall not exceed 200 feet movement of the conveyance or coun-
per minute when within 100 feet of the terbalance in the correct direction
intended station. only.
§ 56.19077 Lowering buckets. SIGNALING
Buckets shall be stopped about 15
feet from the shaft bottom to await a § 56.19090 Dual signaling systems.
signal from one of the crew on the bot- There shall be at least two effective
tom for further lowering. approved methods of signaling between
each of the shaft stations and the hoist
§ 56.19078 Hoisting buckets from the room, one of which shall be a telephone
shaft bottom. or speaking tube.
All buckets shall be stopped after
being raised about 3 feet above the § 56.19091 Signaling instructions to
shaft bottom. A bucket shall be sta- hoist operator.
bilized before a hoisting signal is given Hoist operators shall accept hoisting
to continue hoisting the bucket to the instructions only by the regular sig-
crosshead. After a hoisting signal is naling system unless it is out of order.
given, hoisting to the crosshead shall In such an event, and during other
be at a minimum speed. The signaling emergencies, the hoist operator shall

device shall be attended constantly accept instructions to direct movement
338
of the conveyances only from author- § 56.19103 Dumping facilities and load-
ized persons. ing pockets.
Dumping facilities and loading pock-
§ 56.19092 Signaling from conveyances. ets shall be constructed so as to mini-
A method shall be provided to signal mize spillage into the shaft.
the hoist operator from cages or other
conveyances at any point in the shaft. § 56.19104 Clearance at shaft stations.
Suitable clearance at shaft stations
§ 56.19093 Standard signal code. shall be provided to allow safe move-
A standard code of hoisting signals ment of persons, equipment, and mate-
rials.
shall be adopted and used at each mine.
The movement of a shaft conveyance § 56.19105 Landings with more than
on a ‘‘one bell’’ signal is prohibited. one shaft entrance.
A safe means of passage around open
§ 56.19094 Posting signal code.
shaft compartments shall be provided
A legible signal code shall be posted on landings with more than one en-
prominently in the hoist house within trance to the shaft.
easy view of the hoistman, and at each
place where signals are given or re- § 56.19106 Shaft sets.
ceived. Shaft sets shall be kept in good re-
pair and clean of hazardous material.
§ 56.19095 Location of signal devices.
§ 56.19107 Precautions for work in
Hoisting signal devices shall be posi- compartment affected by hoisting
tioned within easy reach of persons on operation.
the shaft bottom or constantly at- Hoistmen shall be informed when
tended by a person stationed on the persons are working in a compartment
lower deck of the sinking platform. affected by that hoisting operation and
a ‘‘Men Working in Shaft’’ sign shall be
§ 56.19096 Familiarity with signal posted at the hoist.
code.
Any person responsible for receiving § 56.19108 Posting warning signs dur-
or giving signals for cages, skips, and ing shaft work.
mantrips when persons or materials When persons are working in a shaft
are being transported shall be familiar ‘‘Men Working in Shaft’’ signs shall be
with the posted signaling code. posted at all devices controlling hoist-
ing operations that may endanger such
SHAFTS persons.
§ 56.19100 Shaft landing gates. § 56.19109 Shaft inspection and repair.

Shaft landings shall be equipped with Shaft inspection and repair work in
substantial safety gates so constructed vertical shafts shall be performed from
that materials will not go through or substantial platforms equipped with
bonnets or equivalent overhead protec-
under them; gates shall be closed ex-
tion.
cept when loading or unloading shaft
conveyances. § 56.19110 Overhead protection for
shaft deepening work.
§ 56.19101 Stopblocks and derail
switches. A substantial bulkhead or equivalent
protection shall be provided above per-
Positive stopblocks or a derail switch sons at work deepening a shaft.
shall be installed on all tracks leading
to a shaft collar or landing. § 56.19111 Shaft-sinking ladders.
Substantial fixed ladders shall be
§ 56.19102 Shaft guides. provided from the collar to as near the
shaft bottom as practical during shaft-
A means shall be provided to guide

the movement of a shaft conveyance. sinking operations, or an escape hoist
powered by an emergency power source
339
§ 56.19120 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
shall be provided. When persons are on (b) Any oversize or overweight mate-
the shaft bottom, a chain ladder, wire rial or equipment trips that might re-
rope ladder, or other extension ladders strict or obstruct conveyance clear-
shall be used from the fixed ladder or ance;
lower limit of the escape hoist to the (c) Blasting in or near the shaft that
shaft bottom. might restrict or obstruct conveyance
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE clearance; or
(d) Remaining idle for one shift or
§ 56.19120 Procedures for inspection, longer.
testing, and maintenance.
A systematic procedure of inspection, § 56.19131 Hoist conveyance connec-
testing, and maintenance of shafts and tions.
hoisting equipment shall be developed Hoist conveyance connections shall
and followed. If it is found or suspected be inspected at least once during any
that any part is not functioning prop- 24-hour period that the conveyance is
erly, the hoist shall not be used until used for hoisting persons.
the malfunction has been located and
repaired or adjustments have been § 56.19132 Safety catches.
made.
(a) A performance drop test of hoist
§ 56.19121 Recordkeeping. conveyance safety catches shall be
made at the time of installation, or
At the time of completion, the person
performing inspections, tests, and prior to installation, in a mockup of
maintenance of hoisting equipment re- the actual installation. The test shall
quired in standard 56.19120 shall cer- be certified to in writing by the manu-
tify, by signature and date, that they facturer or by a registered professional
have been done. A record of any part engineer performing the test.
that is not functioning properly shall (b) After installation and before use,
be made and dated. Certifications and and at the beginning of any seven day
records shall be retained for one year. period during which the conveyance is
(Sec. 101, Pub. L. 91–173 as amended by Pub. to be used, the conveyance shall be
L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30 U.S.C. 811)) suitably rested and the hoist rope
slackened to test for the unrestricted
FR 33723, June 29, 1995] functioning of the safety catches and
their activating mechanisms.
§ 56.19122 Replacement parts. (c) The safety catches shall be in-
Parts used to repair hoists shall have spected by a competent person at the
properties that will ensure the proper beginning of any 24-hour period that
and safe function of the hoist. the conveyance is to be used.
§ 56.19129 Examinations and tests at § 56.19133 Shaft.

beginning of shift.
Shafts that have not been inspected
Hoistmen shall examine their hoists within the past 7 days shall not be used
and shall test overtravel, deadman con- until an inspection has been conducted
trols, position indicators, and braking
by a competent person.
mechanisms at the beginning of each
shift. § 56.19134 Sheaves.
§ 56.19130 Conveyance shaft test. Sheaves in operating shafts shall be
Before hoisting persons and to assure inspected weekly and kept properly lu-
that the hoisting compartments are bricated.
clear of obstructions, empty hoist con-
veyances shall be operated at least one § 56.19135 Rollers in inclined shafts.
round trip after: Rollers used in operating inclined
(a) Any hoist or shaft repairs or re- shafts shall be lubricated, properly
lated equipment repairs that might re-
aligned, and kept in good repair.

strict or obstruct conveyance clear-
ance;
340
Subpart S—Miscellaneous (b) The facilities shall be kept clean

and sanitary. Separate toilet facilities
§ 56.20001 Intoxicating beverages and shall be provided for each sex except
narcotics. where toilet rooms will be occupied by
Intoxicating beverages and narcotics no more than one person at a time and
shall not be permitted or used in or can be locked from the inside.
around mines. Persons under the influ-
ence of alcohol or narcotics shall not § 56.20009 Tests for explosive dusts.
be permitted on the job. Dusts suspected of being explosive
shall be tested for explosibility. If tests
§ 56.20002 Potable water. prove positive, appropriate control
(a) An adequate supply of potable measures shall be taken.
drinking water shall be provided at all
active working areas. § 56.20010 Retaining dams.
(b) The common drinking cup and If failure of a water or silt retaining
containers from which drinking water dam will create a hazard, it shall be of
must be dipped or poured are prohib- substantial construction and inspected
ited. at regular intervals.
(c) Where single service cups are sup-
plied, a sanitary container for unused § 56.20011 Barricades and warning
cups and a receptacle for used cups signs.
shall be provided.
(d) When water is cooled by ice, the Areas where health or safety hazards
ice shall either be of potable water or exist that are not immediately obvious
shall not come in contact with the to employees shall be barricaded, or
water. warning signs shall be posted at all ap-
(e) Potable water outlets shall be proaches. Warning signs shall be read-
posted. ily visible, legible, and display the na-
(f) Potable water systems shall be ture of the hazard and any protective
constructed to prevent backflow or action required.
backsiphonage of non-potable water.
§ 56.20013 Waste receptacles.
§ 56.20003 Housekeeping. Receptacles with covers shall be pro-
At all mining operations— vided at suitable locations and used for
(a) Workplaces, passageways, store- the disposal of waste food and associ-
rooms, and service rooms shall be kept ated materials. They shall be emptied
clean and orderly; frequently and shall be maintained in a
(b) The floor of every workplace shall clean and sanitary condition.
be maintained in a clean and, so far as
possible, dry condition. Where wet § 56.20014 Prohibited areas for food
processes are used, drainage shall be and beverages.
maintained, and false floors, platforms, No person shall be allowed to con-
mats, or other dry standing places sume or store food or beverages in a
shall be provided where practicable; toilet room or in any area exposed to a
and toxic material.
(c) Every floor, working place, and
passageway shall be kept free from pro- PART 57—SAFETY AND HEALTH
truding nails, splinters, holes, or loose
boards, as practicable.
STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND
METAL AND NONMETAL MINES
§ 56.20005 Carbon tetrachloride.
Carbon tetrachloride shall not be Subpart A—General
used. Sec.
57.1 Purpose and scope.
§ 56.20008 Toilet facilities. 57.2 Definitions.
(a) Toilet facilities shall be provided
at locations that are compatible with PROCEDURES
the mine operations and that are read- 57.1000 Notification of commencement of
ily accessible to mine personnel. operations and closing of mines.
341
Subpart B—Ground Control FIREFIGHTING PROCEDURES/ALARMS/DRILLS

57.4330 Surface firefighting, evacuation, and
rescue procedures.
SCALING AND SUPPORT—SURFACE AND 57.4331 Surface firefighting drills.
UNDERGROUND 57.4360 Underground alarm systems.
57.4361 Underground evacuation drills.
57.3200 Correction of hazardous conditions. 57.4362 Underground rescue and firefighting
57.3201 Location for performing scaling. operations.
57.3202 Scaling tools. 57.4363 Underground evacuation instruction.
57.3203 Rock fixtures.
FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS AND
SCALING AND SUPPORT—UNDERGROUND ONLY GASES
57.3360 Ground support use. 57.4400 Use restrictions.
57.4401 Storage tank foundations.
PRECAUTIONS—SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND 57.4402 Safety can use.
57.4430 Surface storage facilities.
57.3400 Secondary breakage. 57.4431 Surface storage restrictions.
57.3401 Examination of ground conditions. 57.4460 Storage of flammable liquids under-
ground.
PRECAUTIONS—SURFACE ONLY 57.4461 Gasoline use restrictions under-
57.3430 Activity between machinery or ground.
equipment and the highwall or bank. 57.4462 Storage of combustible liquids un-
derground.
PRECAUTIONS—UNDERGROUND ONLY 57.4463 Liquefied petroleum gas use under-
ground.
57.3460 Maintenance between machinery or
equipment and ribs. INSTALLATION/CONSTRUCTION/MAINTENANCE
57.3461 Rock bursts.
57.4500 Heat sources.
Subpart C—Fire Prevention and Control 57.4501 Fuel lines.
57.4502 Battery-charging stations.
57.4000 Definitions. 57.4503 Conveyor belt slippage.
57.4011 Abandoned electric circuits. 57.4504 Fan installations.
57.4057 Underground trailing cables. 57.4505 Fuel lines to underground areas.
57.4530 Exits for surface buildings and struc-
PROHIBITIONS/PRECAUTIONS/HOUSEKEEPING tures.
57.4531 Surface flammable or combustible
57.4100 Smoking and use of open flames. liquid storage buildings or rooms.
57.4101 Warning signs. 57.4532 Blacksmith shops.
57.4102 Spillage and leakage. 57.4533 Mine opening vicinity.
57.4103 Fueling internal combustion en- 57.4560 Mine entrances.
gines. 57.4561 Stationary diesel equipment under-
57.4104 Combustible waste. ground.
57.4130 Surface electric substations and liq-
uid storage facilities. WELDING/CUTTING/COMPRESSED GASES
57.4131 Surface fan installations and mine 57.4600 Extinguishing equipment.
openings. 57.4601 Oxygen cylinder storage.
57.4160 Underground electric substations 57.4602 Gauges and regulators.
and liquid storage facilities. 57.4603 Closure of valves.
57.4161 Use of fire underground. 57.4604 Preparation of pipelines or con-
tainers.
FIREFIGHTING EQUIPMENT 57.4660 Work in shafts, raises, or winzes and
57.4200 General requirements. other activities involving hazard areas.
57.4201 Inspection. VENTILATION CONTROL MEASURES
57.4202 Fire hydrants.
57.4203 Extinguisher recharging or replace- 57.4760 Shaft mines.
ment. 57.4761 Underground shops.
57.4230 Surface self-propelled equipment. APPENDIX I TO SUBPART C OF PART 57—NA-
57.4260 Underground self-propelled equip- TIONAL CONSENSUS STANDARDS
ment.
57.4261 Shaft-station waterlines. Subpart D—Air Quality, Radiation, Physical
57.4262 Underground transformer stations, Agents, and Diesel Particulate Matter
combustible liquid storage and dis-
AIR QUALITY—SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND
pensing areas, pump rooms, compressor

rooms, and hoist rooms. 57.5001 Exposure limits for airborne con-
57.4263 Underground belt conveyors. taminants.
342
57.5002 Exposure monitoring. 57.6203 Locomotives.
57.5005 Control of exposure to airborne con- 57.6204 Hoists.
taminants. 57.6205 Conveying explosives by hand.
57.5006 Restricted use of chemicals.
USE—SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND
AIR QUALITY—SURFACE ONLY [RESERVED]
57.6300 Control of blasting operations.
AIR QUALITY—UNDERGROUND ONLY 57.6301 Blasthole obstruction check.
57.6302 Separation of explosive material.
57.5015 Oxygen deficiency. 57.6303 Initiation preparation.
57.6304 Primer protection.
RADIATION—UNDERGROUND ONLY
57.6305 Unused explosive material.
57.5037 Radon daughter exposure moni- 57.6306 Loading, blasting, and security.
toring. 57.6307 Drill stem loading.
57.5038 Annual exposure limits. 57.6308 Initiation systems.
57.5039 Maximum permissible concentra- 57.6309 Fuel oil requirements for ANFO.
tion. 57.6310 Misfire waiting period.
57.5040 Exposure records. 57.6311 Handling of misfires.
57.5041 Smoking prohibition. 57.6312 Secondary blasting.
57.5042 Revised exposure levels.
57.5044 Respirators. ELECTRIC BLASTING—SURFACE AND
57.5045 Posting of inactive workings. UNDERGROUND
57.5046 Protection against radon gas. 57.6400 Compatibility of electric detonators.
57.5047 Gamma radiation surveys. 57.6401 Shunting.
DIESEL PARTICULATE MATTER—UNDERGROUND 57.6402 Deenergized circuits near deto-
ONLY nators.
57.6403 Branch circuits.
57.5060 Limit on exposure to diesel particu- 57.6404 Separation of blasting circuits from
late matter. power source.
57.5061 Compliance determinations. 57.6405 Firing devices.
57.5065 Fueling practices. 57.6406 Duration of current flow.
57.5066 Maintenance standards. 57.6407 Circuit testing.
57.5067 Engines.
57.5070 Miner training. NONELECTRIC BLASTING—SURFACE AND
57.5071 Exposure monitoring. UNDERGROUND
57.5075 Diesel particulate records.
57.6500 Damaged initiating material.
57.6501 Nonelectric initiation systems.
Subpart E—Explosives
57.6502 Safety fuse.
EXTRANEOUS ELECTRICITY—SURFACE AND
STORAGE—SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND
57.6100 Separation of stored explosive mate- 57.6600 Loading practices.
rial. 57.6601 Grounding.
57.6101 Areas around explosive material 57.6602 Static electricity dissipation during
storage facilities. loading.
57.6102 Explosive material storage prac- 57.6603 Air gap.
tices. 57.6604 Precautions during storms.
57.6605 Isolation of blasting circuits.
STORAGE—SURFACE ONLY
EQUIPMENT/TOOLS—SURFACE AND
57.6130 Explosive material storage facilities. UNDERGROUND
57.6131 Location of explosive material stor-
age facilities. 57.6700 Nonsparking tools.
57.6132 Magazine requirements. 57.6701 Tamping and loading pole require-
57.6133 Powder chests. ments.
STORAGE—UNDERGROUND ONLY MAINTENANCE—SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND

57.6160 Main facilities. 57.6800 Storage facilities.
57.6161 Auxiliary facilities. 57.6801 Vehicle repair.
57.6802 Bulk delivery vehicles.
TRANSPORTATION—SURFACE AND 57.6803 Blasting lines.
UNDERGROUND
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS—SURFACE AND
57.6200 Delivery to storage or blast site
UNDERGROUND
areas.
57.6201 Separation of transported explosive 57.6900 Damaged or deteriorated explosive

material. material.
57.6202 Vehicles. 57.6901 Black powder.
343
57.6902 Excessive temperatures. 57.8535 Seals.
57.6903 Burning explosive material.
57.6904 Smoking and open flames. Subpart H—Loading, Hauling, and
57.6905 Protection of explosive material. Dumping
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS—UNDERGROUND TRAFFIC SAFETY
ONLY
57.9100 Traffic control.
57.6960 Mixing of explosive material. 57.9101 Operating speeds and control of
equipment.
Subpart F—Drilling and Rotary Jet Piercing 57.9102 Movement of independently oper-
ating rail equipment.
DRILLING—SURFACE ONLY 57.9103 Clearance on adjacent tracks.
57.7002 Equipment defects. 57.9104 Railroad crossings.
57.7003 Drill area inspection. 57.9160 Train movement during shift
57.7004 Drill mast. changes.
57.7005 Augers and drill stems.
57.7008 Moving the drill. TRANSPORTATION OF PERSONS AND MATERIALS
57.7009 Drill helpers. 57.9200 Transporting persons.
57.7010 Power failures. 57.9201 Loading, hauling, and unloading of
57.7011 Straightening crossed cables. equipment or supplies.
57.7012 Tending drills in operation. 57.9202 Loading and hauling large rocks.
57.7013 Covering or guarding drill holes. 57.9260 Supplies, materials, and tools on
57.7018 Hand clearance. mantrips.
57.9261 Transporting tools and materials on
DRILLING—UNDERGROUND ONLY locomotives.
57.7028 Hand clearance.
57.7032 Anchoring. SAFETY DEVICES, PROVISIONS, AND PROCE-
DURES FOR ROADWAYS, RAILROADS, AND
DRILLING—SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND LOADING AND DUMPING SITES
57.7050 Tool and drill steel racks. 57.9300 Berms or guardrails.
57.7051 Loose objects on the mast or drill 57.9301 Dump site restraints.
platform. 57.9302 Protection against moving or run-
57.7052 Drilling positions. away railroad equipment.
57.7053 Moving hand-held drills. 57.9303 Construction of ramps and dumping
57.7054 Starting or moving drill equipment. facilities.
57.7055 Intersecting holes. 57.9304 Unstable ground.
57.7056 Collaring in bootlegs. 57.9305 Truck spotters.
57.9306 Warning devices for restricted clear-
ROTARY JET PIERCING—SURFACE ONLY ances.
57.7801 Jet drills. 57.9307 Design, installation, and mainte-
57.7802 Oxygen hose lines. nance of railroads.
57.7803 Lighting the burner. 57.9308 Switch throws.
57.7804 Refueling. 57.9309 Chute design.
57.7805 Smoking and open flames. 57.9310 Chute hazards.
57.7806 Oxygen intake coupling. 57.9311 Anchoring stationary sizing devices.
57.7807 Flushing the combustion chamber. 57.9312 Working around drawholes.
57.9313 Roadway maintenance.
Subpart G—Ventilation 57.9314 Trimming stockpile and muckpile
faces.
SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND 57.9315 Dust control.
57.9316 Notifying the equipment operator.
57.8518 Main and booster fans.
57.9317 Suspended loads.
57.8519 Underground main fan controls.
57.9318 Getting on or off moving equipment.
UNDERGROUND ONLY 57.9319 Going over, under, or between rail-
cars.
57.8520 Ventilation plan. 57.9330 Clearance for surface equipment.
57.8525 Main fan maintenance. 57.9360 Shelter holes.
57.8527 Oxygen-deficiency testing. 57.9361 Drawholes.
57.8528 Unventilated areas. 57.9362 Protection of signalmen.
57.8529 Auxiliary fan systems.
57.8531 Construction and maintenance of Subpart I—Aerial Tramways
ventilation doors.
57.8532 Opening and closing ventilation 57.10001 Filling buckets.
doors. 57.10002 Inspection and maintenance.

57.8534 Shutdown or failure of auxiliary 57.10003 Correction of defects.
fans. 57.10004 Brakes.
344
57.10005 Track cable connections. 57.12005 Protection of power conductors
57.10006 Tower guards. from mobile equipment.
57.10007 Falling object protection. 57.12006 Distribution boxes.
57.10008 Riding tramways. 57.12007 Junction box connection proce-
57.10009 Riding loaded buckets. dures.
57.10010 Starting precautions. 57.12008 Insulation and fittings for power
wires and cables.
Subpart J—Travelways and Escapeways 57.12010 Isolation or insulation of commu-
nication conductors.
TRAVELWAYS—SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND 57.12011 High-potential electrical conduc-
tors.
57.11001 Safe access.
57.12012 Bare signal wires.
57.11002 Handrails and toeboards.
57.12013 Splices and repairs of power cables.
57.11003 Construction and maintenance of 57.12014 Handling energized power cables.
ladders. 57.12016 Work on electrically-powered
57.11004 Portable rigid ladders. equipment.
57.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and toe 57.12017 Work on power circuits.
clearance. 57.12018 Identification of power switches.
57.11006 Fixed ladder landings. 57.12019 Access to stationary electrical
57.11007 Wooden components of ladders. equipment or switchgear.
57.11008 Restricted clearance. 57.12020 Protection of persons at
57.11009 Walkways along conveyors. switchgear.
57.11010 Stairstep clearance. 57.12021 Danger signs.
57.11011 Use of ladders. 57.12022 Authorized persons at major elec-
57.11012 Protection for openings around trical installations.
travelways. 57.12023 Guarding electrical connections and
57.11013 Conveyor crossovers. resistor grids.
57.11014 Crossing moving conveyors. 57.12025 Grounding circuit enclosures.
57.11016 Snow and ice on walkways and 57.12026 Grounding transformer and
travelways. switchgear enclosures.
57.11017 Inclined fixed ladders. 57.12027 Grounding mobile equipment.
57.12028 Testing grounding systems.
TRAVELWAYS—SURFACE ONLY 57.12030 Correction of dangerous conditions.
57.11025 Railed landings, backguards, and 57.12032 Inspection and cover plates.
other protection for fixed ladders. 57.12033 Hand-held electric tools.
57.11026 Protection for inclined fixed lad- 57.12034 Guarding around lights.
ders. 57.12035 Weatherproof lamp sockets.
57.11027 Scaffolds and working platforms. 57.12036 Fuse removal or replacement.
57.12037 Fuses in high-potential circuits.
TRAVELWAYS—UNDERGROUND ONLY 57.12038 Attachment of trailing cables.
57.12039 Protection of surplus trailing ca-
57.11036 Ladderway trap doors and guards. bles.
57.11037 Ladderway openings. 57.12040 Installation of operating controls.
57.11038 Entering a manway. 57.12041 Design of switches and starting
57.11040 Inclined travelways. boxes.
57.11041 Landings for inclined ladderways. 57.12042 Track bonding.
57.12045 Overhead powerlines.
ESCAPEWAYS—UNDERGROUND ONLY
57.12047 Guy wires.
57.11050 Escapeways and refuges. 57.12048 Communication conductors on
57.11051 Escape routes. power poles.
57.11052 Refuge areas. 57.12050 Installation of trolley wires.
57.11053 Escape and evacuation plans. 57.12053 Circuits powered from trolley wires.
57.11054 Communication with refuge cham-
bers. SURFACE ONLY
57.11055 Inclined escapeways. 57.12065 Short circuit and lightning protec-
57.11056 Emergency hoists. tion.
57.11058 Check-in, check-out system. 57.12066 Guarding trolley wires and bare
57.11059 Respirable atmosphere for hoist op- powerlines.
erators underground. 57.12067 Installation of transformers.
57.12068 Locking transformer enclosures.
Subpart K—Electricity 57.12069 Lightning protection for telephone
wires and ungrounded conductors.
SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND 57.12071 Movement or operation of equip-
57.12001 Circuit overload protection. ment near high-voltage powerlines.
57.12002 Controls and switches.

UNDERGROUND ONLY
57.12003 Trailing cable overload protection.
57.12004 Electrical conductors. 57.12080 Bare conductor guards.
345
57.12081 Bonding metal pipelines to ground SAFETY PRACTICES AND OPERATIONAL
return circuits. PROCEDURES
57.12082 Isolation of powerlines.
57.14200 Warnings prior to starting or mov-
57.12083 Support of power cables in shafts
ing equipment.
and boreholes.
57.14201 Conveyor start-up warnings.
57.12084 Branch circuit disconnecting de-
57.14202 Manual cleaning of conveyor pul-
vices.
leys.
57.12085 Transformer stations.
57.14203 Application of belt dressing.
57.12086 Location of trolley wire.
57.12088 Splicing trailing cables. 57.14204 Machinery lubrication.
57.14205 Machinery, equipment, and tools.
Subpart L—Compressed Air and Boilers 57.14206 Securing movable parts.
57.14207 Parking procedures for unattended
57.13001 General requirements for boilers equipment.
and pressure vessels. 57.14208 Warning devices.
57.13010 Reciprocating-type air compressors. 57.14209 Safety procedures for towing.
57.13011 Air receiver tanks. 57.14210 Movement of dippers, buckets, load-
57.13012 Compressor air intakes. ing booms, or suspended loads.
57.13015 Inspection of compressed-air receiv- 57.14211 Blocking equipment in a raised po-
ers and other unfired pressure vessels. sition.
57.13017 Compressor discharge pipes. 57.14212 Chains, ropes, and drive belts.
57.13019 Pressure system repairs. 57.14213 Ventilation and shielding for weld-
57.13020 Use of compressed air. ing.
57.13021 High-pressure hose connections. 57.14214 Train warnings.
57.13030 Boilers. 57.14215 Coupling or uncoupling cars.
57.14216 Backpoling.
Subpart M—Machinery and Equipment 57.14217 Securing parked railcars.
57.14218 Movement of equipment on adja-
57.14000 Definitions. cent tracks.
57.14219 Brakeman signals.
SAFETY DEVICES AND MAINTENANCE
REQUIREMENTS APPENDIX I TO SUBPART M OF PART 57—NA-
TIONAL CONSENSUS STANDARDS
57.14100 Safety defects; examination, cor-
rection and records. Subpart N—Personal Protection
57.14101 Brakes.
57.14102 Brakes for rail equipment. SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND
57.14103 Operators’ stations.
57.15001 First aid materials.
57.14104 Tire repairs.
57.14105 Procedures during repairs or main- 57.15002 Hard hats.
tenance. 57.15003 Protective footwear.
57.14106 Falling object protection. 57.15004 Eye protection.
57.14107 Moving machine parts. 57.15005 Safety belts and lines.
57.14108 Overhead drive belts. 57.15006 Protective equipment and clothing
57.14109 Unguarded conveyors with adjacent for hazards and irritants.
travelways. 57.15007 Protective equipment or clothing
57.14110 Flying or falling materials. for welding, cutting, or working with
57.14111 Slusher, backlash guards and secur- molten metal.
ing. 57.15014 Eye protection when operating
57.14112 Construction and maintenance of grinding wheels.
guards. SURFACE ONLY
57.14113 Inclined conveyors: backstops or
brakes. 57.15020 Life jackets and belts.
57.14114 Air valves for pneumatic equip-
ment. UNDERGROUND ONLY
57.14115 Stationary grinding machines. 57.15030 Provision and maintenance of self-
57.14116 Hand-held power tools. rescue devices.
57.14130 Roll-over protective structures 57.15031 Location of self-rescue devices.
(ROPS) and seat belts for surface equip-
ment. Subpart O—Materials Storage and
57.14131 Seat belts for surface haulage Handling
trucks.
57.14132 Horns and back-up alarms for sur- 57.16001 Stacking and storage of materials.
face equipment. 57.16002 Bins, hoppers, silos, tanks, and
57.14160 Mantrip trolley wire hazards under- surge piles.
ground. 57.16003 Storage of hazardous materials.

57.14161 Makeshift couplings. 57.16004 Containers for hazardous materials.
57.14162 Trip lights. 57.16005 Securing gas cylinders.
346
57.16006 Protection of gas cylinder valves. 57.19018 Overtravel by-pass switches.
57.16007 Taglines, hitches, and slings.
57.16009 Suspended loads. WIRE ROPES
57.16010 Dropping materials from overhead. 57.19019 Guide ropes.
57.16011 Riding hoisted loads or on the hoist 57.19021 Minimum rope strength.
hook. 57.19022 Initial measurement.
57.16012 Storage of incompatible substances. 57.19023 Examinations.
57.16013 Working with molten metal. 57.19024 Retirement criteria.
57.16014 Operator-carrying overhead cranes. 57.19025 Load end attachments.
57.16015 Work or travel on overhead crane
57.19026 Drum end attachment.
bridges.
57.19027 End attachment retermination.
57.16016 Lift trucks.
57.19028 End attachment replacement.
57.16017 Hoisting heavy equipment or mate-
57.19030 Safety device attachments.
rial.
HEADFRAMES AND SHEAVES
57.19035 Headframe design.
57.17001 Illumination of surface working 57.19036 Headframe height.
areas. 57.19037 Fleet angles.
57.17010 Electric lamps. 57.19038 Platforms around elevated head
sheaves.
Subpart Q—Safety Programs
CONVEYANCES
SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND
57.19045 Metal bonnets.
57.18002 Examination of working places. 57.19049 Hoisting persons in buckets.
57.18006 New employees. 57.19050 Bucket requirements.
57.18009 Designation of person in charge. 57.19054 Rope guides.
57.18010 First aid.
57.18012 Emergency telephone numbers. HOISTING PROCEDURES
57.18013 Emergency communications sys- 57.19055 Availability of hoist operator for
tem. manual hoists.
57.18014 Emergency medical assistance and 57.19056 Availability of hoist operator for
transportation. automatic hoists.
57.19057 Hoist operator’s physical fitness.
SURFACE ONLY
57.19058 Experienced hoist operators.
57.18020 Working alone. 57.19061 Maximum hoisting speeds.
57.19062 Maximum acceleration and decel-
UNDERGROUND ONLY eration.
57.18025 Working alone. 57.19063 Persons allowed in hoist room.
57.18028 Mine emergency and self-rescuer 57.19065 Lowering conveyances by the
training brakes.
57.19066 Maximum riders in a conveyance.
Subpart R—Personnel Hoisting 57.19067 Trips during shift changes.
57.19068 Orderly conduct in conveyances.
57.19000 Application. 57.19069 Entering and leaving conveyances.
57.19070 Closing cage doors or gates.
HOISTS 57.19071 Riding in skips or buckets.
57.19001 Rated capacities. 57.19072 Skips and cages in same compart-
57.19002 Anchoring. ment.
57.19003 Driving mechanism connections. 57.19073 Hoisting during shift changes.
57.19004 Brakes. 57.19074 Riding the bail, rim, bonnet, or
57.19005 Locking mechanism for clutch. crosshead.
57.19006 Automatic hoist braking devices. 57.19075 Use of open hooks.
57.19007 Overtravel and overspeed devices. 57.19076 Maximum speeds for hoisting per-
57.19008 Friction hoist synchronizing mech- sons in buckets.
anisms. 57.19077 Lowering buckets.
57.19009 Position indicator. 57.19078 Hoisting buckets from the shaft
57.19010 Location of hoist controls. bottom.
57.19011 Drum flanges. 57.19079 Blocking mine cars.
57.19012 Grooved drums. 57.19080 Hoisting tools, timbers, and other
57.19013 Diesel-and other fuel-injection-pow- materials.
ered hoists. 57.19081 Conveyances not in use.
57.19014 Friction hoist overtravel protec- 57.19083 Overtravel backout device.
tion.
SIGNALING
57.19017 Emergency braking for electric
hoists. 57.19090 Dual signaling systems.
347
57.19091 Signaling instructions to hoist op- 57.22002 Definitions.
erator.
57.19092 Signaling from conveyances. MINE CATEGORIZATION
57.19093 Standard signal code. 57.22003 Mine category or subcategory.
57.19094 Posting signal code. 57.22004 Category placement or change in
57.19095 Location of signal devices. placement.
57.19096 Familiarity with signal code. 57.22005 Notice and appeal of placement or
SHAFTS change in placement.
57.19100 Shaft landing gates. FIRE PREVENTION AND CONTROL

57.19101 Stopblocks and derail switches. 57.22101 Smoking (I-A, II-A, III, and V-A
57.19102 Shaft guides. mines).
57.19103 Dumping facilities and loading 57.22102 Smoking (I-C mines).
pockets. 57.22103 Open flames (I-A, II-A, III, and V-A
57.19104 Clearance at shaft stations.
mines).
57.19105 Landings with more than one shaft
57.22104 Open flames (I-C mines).
entrance.
57.22105 Smoking and open flames (IV
57.19106 Shaft sets.
mines).
57.19107 Precautions for work in compart-
57.22106 Dust containing volatile matter (I-
ment affected by hoisting operation.
C mines).
57.19108 Posting warning signs during shaft
work. VENTILATION
57.19109 Shaft inspection and repair.
57.19110 Overhead protection for shaft deep- 57.22201 Mechanical ventilation (I-A, I-B, I-
ening work. C, II-A, II-B, III, IV, V-A, and V-B mines).
57.19111 Shaft-sinking ladders. 57.22202 Main fans (I-A, I-B, I-C, II-A, III, V-
A, and V-B mines).
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE 57.22203 Main fan operation (I-C mines).
57.19120 Procedures for inspection, testing, 57.22204 Main fan operation and inspection
and maintenance. (I-A, II-A, III, and V-A mines).
57.19121 Recordkeeping. 57.22205 Doors on main fans (I-A, II-A, III,
57.19122 Replacement parts. and V-A mines).
57.19129 Examinations and tests at begin- 57.22206 Main ventilation failure (I-A, II-A,
ning of shift. III, and V-A mines).
57.19130 Conveyance shaft test. 57.22207 Booster fans (I-A, II-A, III, and V-A
57.19131 Hoist conveyance connections. mines).
57.19132 Safety catches. 57.22208 Auxiliary fans (I-A, II-A, III, and V-
57.19133 Shaft. A mines).
57.19134 Sheaves. 57.22209 Auxiliary fans (I-C mines).
57.19135 Rollers in inclined shafts. 57.22210 In-line filters (I-C mines).
57.22211 Air flow (I-A mines).
Subpart S—Miscellaneous 57.22212 Air flow (I-C, II-A, and V-A mines).
57.22213 Air flow (III mines).
57.20001 Intoxicating beverages and nar- 57.22214 Changes in ventilation (I-A, II-A,
cotics. III, and V-A mines).
57.20002 Potable water. 57.22215 Separation of intake and return air
57.20003 Housekeeping. (I-A, II-A, III, and V-A mines).
57.20005 Carbon tetrachloride. 57.22216 Separation of intake and return air
57.20008 Toilet facilities. (I-C mines).
57.20009 Tests for explosive dusts. 57.22217 Seals and stoppings (I-A, I-B and I-
57.20010 Retaining dams. C mines).
57.20011 Barricades and warning signs. 57.22218 Seals and stoppings (III, V-A, and
57.20013 Waste receptacles. V-B mines).
57.20014 Prohibited areas for food and bev- 57.22219 Seals and stoppings (II-A mines).
erages. 57.22220 Air passing unsealed areas (I-A, II-
57.20020 Unattended mine openings. A, III, and V-A mines).
57.20021 Abandoned mine openings. 57.22221 Overcast and undercast construc-
57.20031 Blasting underground in hazardous tion (I-A, II-A, III, and V-A mines).
areas. 57.22222 Ventilation materials (I-A, I-B, I-C,
57.20032 Two-way communication equip- II-A, III, V-A, and V-B mines).
ment for underground operations. 57.22223 Crosscuts before abandonment (III
mines).
Subpart T—Safety Standards for Methane 57.22224 Auxiliary equipment stations (I-A
in Metal and Nonmetal Mines and III mines).
57.22225 Auxiliary equipment stations (I-C

GENERAL
mines).
57.22001 Scope. 57.22226 Testing for methane (IV mines).
348
57.22227 Approved testing devices (I-A, I-B, 57.22602 Blasting from the surface (I-C
I-C, II-A, II-B, III, IV, V-A, and V-B mines).
mines). 57.22603 Blasting from the surface (II-A
57.22228 Preshift examination (I-A, I-C, II-A, mines).
III, and V-A mines). 57.22604 Blasting from the surface (II-B
57.22229 Weekly testing (I-A, III, and V-A mines).
mines). 57.22605 Blasting from the surface (V-A
57.22230 Weekly testing (II-A mines. mines).
57.22231 Actions at 0.25 percent methane (I- 57.22606 Explosive materials and blasting
B, II-B, V-B and VI mines). units (III mines).
57.22232 Actions at 0.5 percent methane (I-B, 57.22607 Blasting on shift (III mines).
II-A, II-B, IV, V-B, and VI mines).
57.22608 Secondary blasting (I-A, II-A, and
57.22233 Actions at 0.5 percent methane (I-C
V-A mines).
mines).
57.22234 Actions at 1.0 percent methane (I-A, APPENDIX I TO SUBPART T OF PART 57—
I-B, III, V-A, and V-B mines). STANDARD APPLICABILITY BY CATEGORY
57.22235 Actions at 1.0 percent methane (I-C, OR SUBCATEGORY
II-A, II-B, and IV mines). AUTHORITY: 30 U.S.C. 811.
57.22236 Actions at 1.0 percent methane (VI
mines). SOURCE: 50 FR 4082, Jan. 29, 1985, unless
57.22237 Actions at 2.0 to 2.5 percent meth- otherwise noted.
ane in bleeder systems (I-A and III
mines).
57.22238 Actions at 2.0 percent methane (I-B, Subpart A—General
II-B, V-B, and VI mines).
57.22239 Actions at 2.0 percent methane (IV § 57.1 Purpose and scope.
mines). This part 57 sets forth mandatory
57.22240 Actions at 2.0 percent methane (V-A safety and health standards for each
mines).
underground metal or nonmetal mine,
57.22241 Advance face boreholes (I-C mines).
including related surface operations,
EQUIPMENT subject to the Federal Mine Safety and
57.22301 Atmospheric monitoring systems
Health Act of 1977. The purpose of
(I-A, II-A, and V-A mines). these standards is the protection of
57.22302 Approved equipment (I-A and V-A life, the promotion of health and safe-
mines). ty, and the prevention of accidents.
57.22303 Approved equipment (I-C mines).
57.22304 Approved equipment (II-A mines). § 57.2 Definitions.
57.22305 Approved equipment (III mines).
57.22306 Methane monitors (I-A mines).
The following definitions apply to
57.22307 Methane monitors (II-A mines). this part. In addition definitions con-
57.22308 Methane monitors (III mines). tained in any subpart of part 57 apply
57.22309 Methane monitors (V-A mines). in that subpart. If inconsistent with
57.22310 Electrical cables (I-C mines). the general definitions in this section,
57.22311 Electrical cables (II-A mines). the definition in the subpart will apply
57.22312 Distribution boxes (II-A and V-A in that subpart:
mines).
Abandoned areas means areas in
57.22313 Explosion-protection systems (I-C
mines).
which work has been completed, no fur-
57.22314 Flow-control devices (V-A and V-B ther work is planned, and travel is not
mines). permitted.
57.22315 Self-contained breathing apparatus Abandoned mine means all work has
(V-A mines). stopped on the mine premises and an
office with a responsible person in
UNDERGROUND RETORTS
charge is no longer maintained at the
57.22401 Underground retorts (I-A and I-B mine.
mines).
Abandoned workings means deserted
ILLUMINATION mine areas in which further work is
not intended.
57.22501 Personal electric lamps (I-A, I-B, I-
C, II-A, II-B, III, IV, V-A, and V-B mines). Active workings means areas at, in, or
around a mine or plant where men
EXPLOSIVES work or travel.
57.22601 Blasting from the surface (I-A American Table of Distances means the
mines). current edition of ‘‘The American
349
§ 57.2 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
Table of Distances for Storage of Ex- meters) in all directions from loaded
plosives’’ published by the Institute of holes. A minimum distance of 30 feet
Makers of Explosives. (9.1 meters) may replace the 50-foot
Approved means tested and accepted (15.2-meter) requirement if the perim-
for a specific purpose by a nationally eter of loaded holes is demarcated with
recognized agency. a barrier. The 50-foot (15.2-meter) and
Attended means presence of an indi- alternative 30-foot (9.1-meter) require-
vidual or continuous monitoring to ments also apply in all directions along
prevent unauthorized entry or access. the full depth of the hole. In under-
In addition, areas containing explosive ground mines, at least 15 feet (4.6 me-
material at underground areas of a ters) of solid rib, pillar, or broken rock
mine can be considered attended when can be substituted for the 50-foot (15.2-
all access to the underground areas of meter) distance. In underground mines
the mine is secured from unauthorized utilizing a block-caving system or
entry. Vertical shafts shall be consid- similar system, at least 6 feet (1.8 me-
ered secure. Inclined shafts or adits ters) of solid rib or pillar, including
shall be considered secure when locked concrete reinforcement of at least 10
at the surface. inches (254 millimeters), with overall
Authorized person means a person ap- dimensions of not less than 6 feet (1.8
proved or assigned by mine manage- meters) may be substituted for the 50-
ment to perform a specific type of duty foot (15.2-meter) distance requirement.
or duties or to be at a specific location Blasting agent means any substance
or locations in the mine. classified as a blasting agent by the
Auxilary fan means a fan used to de- Department of Transportation in 49
liver air to a working place off the CFR 173.114(a) (44 FR 31182, May 31,
main airstream; generally used with 1979) which is incorporated by ref-
ventilation tubing. erence. This document is available for
Barricaded means obstructed to pre- inspection at each Metal and Nonmetal
vent the passage of persons, vehicles, Mine Safety and Health District Office
or flying materials. of the Mine Safety and Health Admin-
Barrier means a material object, or istration, and may be obtained from
objects that separates, keeps apart, or the U.S. Government Printing Office,
demarcates in a conspicuous manner Washington, DC 20402.
such as cones, a warning sign, or tape. Blasting area means the area near
Berm means a pile or mound of mate- blasting operations in which concus-
rial along an elevated roadway capable sion or flying material can reasonably
of moderating or limiting the force of a be expected to cause injury.
vehicle in order to impede the vehicle’s Blasting cap means a detonator which
passage over the bank of the roadway. is initiated by a safety fuse.
Blast area means the area in which Blasting circuit means the electrical
concussion (shock wave), flying mate- circuit used to fire one or more electric
rial, or gases from an explosion may blasting caps.
cause injury to persons. In determining Blasting switch means a switch used
the blast area, the following factors, to connect a power source to a blasting
shall be considered: circuit.
(1) Geology or material to be blasted. Blowout means a sudden, violent, re-
(2) Blast pattern. lease of gas or liquid due to the res-
(3) Burden, depth, diameter, and ervoir pressure in a petroleum mine.
angle of the holes. Booster means any unit of explosive
(4) Blasting experience of the mine. or blasting agent used for the purpose
(5) Delay system, powder factor, and of perpetuating or intensifying an ini-
pounds per delay. tial detonation.
(6) Type and amount of explosive ma- Booster fan means a fan installed in
terial. the main airstream or a split of the
(7) Type and amount of stemming. main airstream to increase airflow
Blast site means the area where explo- through a section or sections of a mine.
sive material is handled during load- Capped fuse means a length of safety
ing, including the perimeter formed by fuse to which a blasting cap has been
the loaded blastholes and 50 feet (15.2 attached.
350
Capped primer means a package or Electrical grounding means to connect

cartridge of explosives which is specifi- with the ground to make the earth part
cally designed to transmit detonation of the circuit.
to other explosives and which contains Employee means a person who works
a detonator. for wages or salary in the service of an
Circuit breaker means a device de- employer.
signed to open and close a circuit by Employer means a person or organiza-
nonautomatic means and to open the tion which hires one or more persons to
circuit automatically on a predeter- work for wages or salary.
mined overcurrent setting without in- Emulsion means an explosive material
jury to itself when properly applied containing substantial amounts of
within its rating. oxidizers dissolved in water droplets,
Combustible means capable of being surrounded by an immiscible fuel.
ignited and consumed by fire. Escapeway means a passageway by
Combustible material means a material which persons may leave a mine.
that, in the form in which it is used Explosive means any substance classi-
and under the conditions anticipated, fied as an explosive by the Department
will ignite, burn, support combustion of Transportation in 49 CFR 173.53,
or release flammable vapors when sub- 173.88 and 173.100 which are incor-
jected to fire or heat. Wood, paper, rub- porated by reference. Title 49 CFR is
ber, and plastics are examples of com- available for inspection at each Metal
bustible materials. and Nonmetal Mine Safety and Health
Company official means a member of District Office of the Mine Safety and
the company supervisory or technical Health Administration, and may be ob-
staff. tained from the U.S. Government
Competent person means a person hav- Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
ing abilities and experience that fully Face or bank means that part of any
qualify him to perform the duty to mine where excavating is progressing
which he is assigned. or was last done.
Conductor means a material, usually Fire resistance rating means the time,
in the form of a wire, cable, or bus bar, in minutes or hours, that an assembly
capable of carrying an electric current. of materials will retain its protective
Delay connector means a nonelectric characteristics or structural integrity
short interval delay device for use in upon exposure to fire.
delaying blasts which are initiated by Flame spread rating means the numer-
detonating cord. ical designation that indicates the ex-
Detonating cord means a flexible cord tent flame will spread over the surface
containing a solid core of high explo- of a material during a specified period
sives. of time.
Detonator means any device con- Flammable means capable of being
taining a detonating charge that is easily ignited and of burning rapidly.
used to initiate an explosive and in- Flammable gas means a gas that will
cludes but is not limited to blasting burn in the normal concentrations of
caps, electric blasting caps and non- oxygen in the air.
electric instantaneous or delay blast- Flammable liquid a liquid that has a
ing caps. flash point below 100 °F (37.8 °C), a
Distribution box means a portable ap- vapor pressure not exceeding 40 pounds
paratus with an enclosure through per square inch (absolute) at 100 °F
which an electric circuit is carried to (37.8 °C), and is known as a Class I liq-
one or more cables from a single in- uid.
coming feed line; each cable circuit Flash point means the minimum tem-
being connected through individual perature at which sufficient vapor is
overcurrent protective devices. released by a liquid or solid to form a
Electric blasting cap means a deto- flammable vapor-air mixture at atmos-
nator designed for and capable of being pheric pressure.
initiated by means of an electric cur- Geological area means an area charac-

rent. terized by the presence of the same ore
351
§ 57.2 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
bodies, the same stratigraphic se- Office of Standards, Regulations, and

quence of beds, or the same ore-bearing Variances, 201 12th Street South, Ar-
geological formation. lington, VA 22202–5452; 202–693–9440; and
Highway means any public street, at all Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety
public alley or public road. and Health District Offices, or avail-
High potential means more than 650 able for inspection at the National Ar-
volts. chives and Records Administration
Hoist means a power driven windlass (NARA). For information on the avail-
or drum used for raising ore, rock, or ability of this material at NARA, call
other material from a mine, and for 202–741–6030, or go to: http://
lowering or raising persons and mate- www.archives.gov/federallregister/
rial. codeloflfederallregulations/
Igniter cord means a fuse, cordlike in ibrllocations.html.
appearance, which burns progressively Lay means the distance parallel to
along its length with an external flame the axis of the rope in which a strand
at the zone of burning, and is used for makes one complete turn about the
lighting a series of safety fuses in the axis of the rope.
desired sequence. Loading means placing explosive ma-
Insulated means separated from other terial either in a blasthole or against
conducting surfaces by a dielectric sub- the material to be blasted.
stance permanently offering a high re- Low potential means 650 volts or less.
sistance to the passage of current and Magazine means a facility for the
to disruptive discharge through the storage of explosives, blasting agents,
substance. When any substance is said or detonators.
to be insulated, it is understood to be Main fan means a fan that controls
insulated in a manner suitable for the the entire airflow of the mine, or the
conditions to which it is subjected. airflow of one of the major air circuits.
Otherwise, it is, within the purpose of
Major electrical installation means an
this definition, uninsulated. Insulating
assemblage of stationary electrical
covering is one means for making the
equipment for the generation, trans-
conductor insulated.
mission, distribution, or conversion of
Insulation means a dielectric sub-
electrical power.
stance offering a high resistance to the
Mantrip means a trip on which per-
passage of current and to a disruptive
sons are transported to and from a
discharge through the substance.
work area.
Laminated partition means a partition
composed of the following material and Mill includes any ore mill, sampling
minimum nominal dimensions: 1⁄2-inch- works, concentrator, and any crushing,
thick plywood, 1⁄2-inch-thick gypsum grinding, or screening plant used at,
wallboard, 1⁄8-inch-thick low carbon and in connection with, an excavation
steel, and 1⁄4-inch-thick plywood, bond- or mine.
ed together in that order (IME–22 Box). Mine atmosphere means any point at
A laminated partition also includes al- least 12 inches away from the back,
ternative construction materials de- face, rib, and floor in any mine; and ad-
scribed in the Institute of Makers of ditionally, in a Category IV mine, at
Explosives (IME) Safety Library Publi- least 3 feet laterally away from the col-
cation No. 22, ‘‘Recommendations for lar of a borehole which releases gas
the Safe Transportation of Detonators into a mine.
in a Vehicle with Other Explosive Ma- Mine opening means any opening or
terials’’ (May 1993), and the ‘‘Generic entrance from the surface into a mine.
Loading Guide for the IME–22 Con- Misfire means the complete or partial
tainer’’ (October 1993). The IME is lo- failure of a blasting charge to explode
cated at 1120 19th Street NW., Suite 310, as planned.
Washington, DC 20036–3605; 202–429–9280; Mobile equipment means wheeled,
https://www.ime.org. This incorporation skid-mounted, track-mounted, or rail-
by reference has been approved by the mounted equipment capable of moving
Director of the Federal Register in ac- or being moved.
cordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR Multipurpose dry-chemical fire extin-
part 51. Copies are available at MSHA’s guisher means an extinguisher having a
352
rating of at least 2–A:10–B:C and con- ing sites for explosives other than
taining a nominal 4.5 pounds or more of blasting agents.
dry-chemical agent. Primer means a unit, package, or car-
Noncombustible material means a ma- tridge of explosives used to initiate
terial that, in the form in which it is other explosives or blasting agents, and
used and under the conditions antici- which contains a detonator.
pated, will not ignite, burn, support Reverse-current protection means a
combustion, or release flammable va- method or device used on direct-cur-
pors when subjected to fire or heat. rent circuits or equipment to prevent
Concrete, masonry block, brick, and the flow of current in a reverse direc-
steel are examples of noncombustible tion.
materials. Rock burst means a sudden and vio-
Non-electric delay blasting cap means a lent failure of overstressed rock result-
detonator with an integral delay ele- ing in the instantaneous release of
ment and capable of being initiated by large amounts of accumulated energy.
miniaturized detonating cord. Rock burst does not include a burst re-
Outburst means the sudden, violent sulting from pressurized mine gases.
release of solids and high-pressure oc- Rock fixture means any tensioned or
cluded gases, including methane in a nontensioned device or material in-
serted into the ground to strengthen or
domal salt mine.
support the ground.
Overburden means material of any
Roll protection means a framework,
nature, consolidated or unconsolidated,
safety canopy or similar protection for
that overlies a deposit of useful mate- the operator when equipment over-
rials or ores that are to be mined. turns.
Overload means that current which Safety can means an approved con-
will cause an excessive or dangerous tainer, of not over 5 gallons capacity,
temperature in the conductor or con- having a spring-closing lid and spout
ductor insulation. cover.
Permissible means a machine, mate- Safety fuse means a flexible cord con-
rial, apparatus, or device which has taining an internal burning medium by
been investigated, tested, and approved which fire is conveyed at a continuous
by the Bureau of Mines or the Mine and uniform rate for the purpose of fir-
Safety and Health Administration, and ing blasting caps or a black powder
is maintained in permissible condition. charge.
Potable water means water which Safety switch means a sectionalizing
shall meet the applicable minimum switch that also provides shunt protec-
health requirements for drinking water tion in blasting circuits between the
established by the State or community blasting switch and the shot area.
in which the mine is located or by the Scaling means removal of insecure
Environmental Protection Agency in 40 material from a face or highwall.
CFR part 141, pages 169–182 revised as of Secondary safety connection means a
July 1, 1977. Where no such require- second connection between a convey-
ments are applicable, the drinking ance and rope, intended to prevent the
water provided shall conform with the conveyance from running away or fall-
Public Health Service Drinking Water ing in the event the primary connec-
Standards, 42 CFR part 72, subpart J, tion fails.
pages 527–533, revised as of October 1, Shaft means a vertical or inclined
1976. Publications to which references shaft, a slope, incline, or winze.
are made in this definition are hereby Short circuit means an abnormal con-
made a part hereof. These incorporated nection of relatively low resistance,
publications are available for inspec- whether made accidentally or inten-
tion at each Metal and Nonmetal Mine tionally, between two points of dif-
Safety and Health District Office of the ference potential in a circuit.
Mine Safety and Health Administra- Slurry (as applied to blasting). See
tion. ‘‘Water gel.’’
Powder chest means a substantial, Storage facility means the entire class
nonconductive portable container of structures used to store explosive

equipped with a lid and used at blast- materials. A ‘‘storage facility’’ used to
353
§ 57.1000 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
store blasting agents corresponds to a operations, of the approximate or ac-

BATF Type 4 or 5 storage facility. tual date mine operation will com-
Storage tank means a container ex- mence. The notification shall include
ceeding 60 gallons in capacity used for the mine name, location, the company
the storage of flammable or combus- name, mailing address, person in
tible liquids. charge, and whether operations will be
Stray current means that portion of a continuous or intermittent. When any
total electric current that flows mine is closed, the person in charge
through paths other than the intended shall notify the nearest district office
circuit. as provided above and indicate whether
Substantial construction means con- the closure is temporary or permanent.
struction of such strength, material, [51 FR 36198, Oct. 8, 1986, as amended at 60 FR
and workmanship that the object will 33723, June 29, 1995; 60 FR 35695, July 11, 1995;
withstand all reasonable shock, wear, 71 FR 16667, Apr. 3, 2006]
and usage to which it will be subjected.
Suitable means that which fits, and Subpart B—Ground Control
has the qualities or qualifications to
meet a given purpose, occasion, condi-
AUTHORITY: 30 U.S.C. 811.
tion, function, or circumstance.
Travelway means a passage, walk or SOURCE: 51 FR 36198, Oct. 8, 1986, unless
way regularly used and designated for otherwise noted.
persons to go from one place to an-
§ 57.3000 Definitions.
other.
Water gel or Slurry (as applied to The following definitions apply in
blasting) means an explosive or blast- this subpart.
ing agent containing substantial por- Travelway. A passage, walk, or
tions of water. haulageway regularly used or des-
Wet drilling means the continuous ap- ignated for persons to go from one
plication of water through the central place to another.
hole of hollow drill steel to the bottom [51 FR 36198, Oct. 8, 1986, as amended at 69 FR
of the drill hole. 38842, June 29, 2004]
Working level (WL) means any com-
bination of the short-lived radon SCALING AND SUPPORT—SURFACE AND
daughters in one liter of air that will UNDERGROUND
result in ultimate emission of 1.3 × 105
MeV (million electron volts) of poten- § 57.3200 Correction of hazardous con-
tial alpha energy, and exposure to ditions.
these radon daughters over a period of Ground conditions that create a haz-
time is expressed in terms of ‘‘working ard to persons shall be taken down or
level months’’ (WLM). Inhalation of air supported before other work or travel
containing a radon daughter con- is permitted in the affected area. Until
centration of 1 WL for 173 hours results corrective work is completed, the area
in an exposure of 1 WLM.’’ shall be posted with a warning against
Working place means any place in or entry and, when left unattended, a bar-
about a mine where work is being per- rier shall be installed to impede unau-
formed. thorized entry.
[69 FR 38840, June 29, 2004, as amended at 80 § 57.3201 Location for performing scal-
FR 52987, Sept. 2, 2015] ing.
PROCEDURES Scaling shall be performed from a lo-
cation which will not expose persons to
§ 57.1000 Notification of commence- injury from falling material, or other
ment of operations and closing of protection from falling material shall
mines. be provided.
The owner, operator, or person in
charge of any metal and nonmetal § 57.3202 Scaling tools.
mine shall notify the nearest MSHA Where manual scaling is performed, a
Metal and Nonmental Mine Safety and scaling bar shall be provided. This bar
Health district office before starting shall be of a length and design that will
354
allow the removal of loose material (2) The torque of the first bolt, every
without exposing the person per- tenth bolt, and the last bolt installed
forming the work to injury. in each work area during the shift shall
be accurately determined immediately
§ 57.3203 Rock fixtures. after installation. If the torque of any
(a) For rock bolts and accessories ad- fixture tested does not fall within the
dressed in ASTM F432–95, ‘‘Standard installation torque range, corrective
Specification for Roof and Rock Bolts action shall be taken.
and Accessories,’’ the mine operator (g) When grouted fixtures can be test-
shall— ed by applying torque, the first fixture
(1) Obtain a manufacturer’s certifi- installed in each work place shall be
cation that the material was manufac- tested to withstand 150 foot-pounds of
tured and tested in accordance with torque. Should it rotate in the hole, a
the specifications of ASTM F432–95; second fixture shall be tested in the
and same manner. If the second fixture also
(2) Make this certification available turns, corrective action shall be taken.
to an authorized representative of the (h) When other tensioned and nonten-
Secretary and to the representative of sioned fixtures are used, test methods
miners. shall be established and used to verify
(b) Fixtures and accessories not ad- their effectiveness.
dressed in ASTM F432–95 may be used (i) The mine operator shall certify
for ground support provided they— that tests were conducted and make
(1) Have been successful in sup- the certification available to an au-
porting the ground in an area with thorized representative of the Sec-
similar strata, opening dimensions and retary.
ground stresses in any mine; or
(2) Have been tested and shown to be [51 FR 36198, Oct. 8, 1986, as amended at 51 FR
effective in supporting ground in an 36804, Oct. 16, 1986; 63 FR 20030, Apr. 22, 1998]
area of the affected mine which has
SCALING AND SUPPORT—UNDERGROUND
similar strata, opening dimensions, and
ONLY
ground stresses as the area where the
fixtures are expected to be used. Dur- § 57.3360 Ground support use.
ing the test process, access to the test
area shall be limited to persons nec- Ground support shall be used where
essary to conduct the test. ground conditions, or mining experi-
(c) Bearing plates shall be used with ence in similar ground conditions in
fixtures when necessary for effective the mine, indicate that it is necessary.
ground support. When ground support is necessary, the
(d) The diameter of finishing bits support system shall be designed, in-
shall be within a tolerance of plus or stalled, and maintained to control the
minus 0.030 inch of the manufacturer’s ground in places where persons work or
recommended hole diameter for the an- travel in performing their assigned
chor used. When separate finishing bits tasks. Damaged, loosened, or dislodged
are used, they shall be distinguishable timber use for ground support which
from other bits. creates a hazard to persons shall be re-
(e) Damaged or deteriorated car- paired or replaced prior to any work or
tridges of grouting material shall not travel in the affected area.
be used.
(f) When rock bolts tensioned by PRECAUTIONS—SURFACE AND
torquing are used as a means of ground UNDERGROUND
support,
(1) Selected tension level shall be— § 57.3400 Secondary breakage.
(i) At least 50 percent of either the Prior to secondary breakage oper-
yield point of the bolt or anchorage ca- ations, the material to be broken,
pacity of the rock, whichever is less; other than hanging material, shall be
and positioned or blocked to prevent move-
(ii) No greater than the yield point of ment which would endanger persons in
the bolt or anchorage capacity of the the work area. Secondary breakage
rock. shall be performed from a location
355
§ 57.3401 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
which would not expose persons to dan- (1) Mining and operating procedures
ger. designed to reduce the occurrence of
rock bursts;
§ 57.3401 Examination of ground con- (2) Monitoring procedures where de-
ditions.
tection methods are used; and
Persons experienced in examining (3) Other measures to minimize expo-
and testing for loose ground shall be sure of persons to areas which are
designated by the mine operator. Ap- prone to rock bursts.
propriate supervisors or other des- (c) The plan shall be updated as con-
ignated persons shall examine and, ditions warrant.
where applicable, test ground condi-
(d) The plan shall be available to an
tions in areas where work is to be per-
authorized representative of the Sec-
formed, prior to work commencing,
after blasting, and as ground condi- retary and to miners or their rep-
tions warrant during the work shift. resentatives.
Underground haulageways and
travelways and surface area highwalls Subpart C—Fire Prevention and
and banks adjoining travelways shall Control
be examined weekly or more often if
changing ground conditions warrant. AUTHORITY: Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety
and Health Act of 1977, Pub. L. 91–173 as
PRECAUTIONS—SURFACE ONLY amended by Pub. L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30
U.S.C. 811).
§ 57.3430 Activity between machinery
or equipment and the highwall or
bank. § 57.4000 Definitions.
Persons shall not work or travel be- The following definitions apply in
tween machinery or equipment and the this subpart.
highwall or bank where the machinery Combustible liquids. Liquids having a
or equipment may hinder escape from flash point at or above 100 °F (37.8 °C).
falls or slides of the highwall or bank. They are divided into the following
Travel is permitted when necessary for classes:
persons to dismount. Class II liquids—those having flash points at
or above 100 °F (37.8 °C) and below 140 °F (60
PRECAUTIONS—UNDERGROUND ONLY °C).
Class IIIA liquids—those having flash points
§ 57.3460 Maintenance between ma-
chinery or equipment and ribs. at or above 140 °F (60 °C) and below 200 °F
(93.4 °C).
Persons shall not perform mainte- Class IIIB liquids—those having flash points
nance work between machinery or at or above 200 °F (93.4 °C).
equipment and ribs unless the area has
been tested and, when necessary, se- Escapeway. A designated passageway
cured. by which persons can leave an under-
ground mine.
§ 57.3461 Rock bursts. Flash point. The minimum tempera-
(a) Operators of mines which have ex- ture at which sufficient vapor is re-
perienced a rock burst shall— leased by a liquid to form a flammable
(1) Within twenty four hours report vapor-air mixture near the surface of
to the nearest MSHA office each rock the liquid.
burst which: Main fan. A fan that controls the en-
(i) Causes persons to be withdrawn; tire airflow of an underground mine or
(ii) Impairs ventilation; the airflow of one of the major air cir-
(iii) Impedes passage; or cuits of the mine.
(iv) Disrupts mining activity for Mine opening. Any opening or en-
more than one hour. trance from the surface into an under-
(2) Develop and implement a rock ground mine.
burst control plan within 90 days after Safety can. A container of not over
a rock burst has been experienced. five gallons capacity that is designed
(b) The plan shall include— to safely relieve internal pressure when
356
exposed to heat and has a spring-clos- placed in the following containers until
ing lid and spout cover. disposed of properly:
(1) Underground—covered metal con-
FR 32361, May 30, 2003; 69 FR 38842, June 29, tainers.
2004] (2) On the surface—covered metal
containers or equivalent containers
§ 57.4011 Abandoned electric circuits. with flame containment characteris-
Abandoned electric circuits shall be tics.
deenergized and isolated so that they
§ 57.4130 Surface electric substations
cannot become energized inadvert- and liquid storage facilities.
ently.
The requirements of this standard
§ 57.4057 Underground trailing cables. apply to surface areas only.
Underground trailing cables shall be (a) If a hazard to persons could be
accepted or approved by MSHA as created, no combustible materials shall
flame resistant. be stored or allowed to accumulate
within 25 feet of the following:
[57 FR 61223, Dec. 23, 1992] (1) Electric substations.
(2) Unburied, flammable or combus-
PROHIBITIONS/PRECAUTIONS/ tible liquid storage tanks.
HOUSEKEEPING (3) Any group of containers used for
§ 57.4100 Smoking and use of open storage of more than 60 gallons of flam-
flames. mable or combustible liquids.
(b) The area within the 25-foot perim-
No person shall smoke or use an open eter shall be kept free of dry vegeta-
flame where flammable or combustible tion.
liquids, including greases, or flam-
mable gases are— § 57.4131 Surface fan installations and
(a) Used or transported in a manner mine openings.
that could create a fire hazard; or (a) On the surface, no more than one
(b) Stored or handled. day’s supply of combustible materials
§ 57.4101 Warning signs. shall be stored within 100 feet of mine
openings or within 100 feet of fan in-
Readily visible signs prohibiting stallations used for underground ven-
smoking and open flames shall be post- tilation.
ed where a fire or explosion hazard ex- (b) the one-day supply shall be kept
ists. at least 25 feet away from any mine
opening except during transit into the
§ 57.4102 Spillage and leakage.
mine.
Flammable or combustible liquid (c) Dry vegetation shall not be per-
spillage or leakage shall be removed in mitted within 25 feet of mine openings.
a timely manner or controlled to pre-
vent a fire hazard. § 57.4160 Underground electric sub-
stations and liquid storage facili-
§ 57.4103 Fueling internal combustion ties.
engines. The requirements of this standard
Internal combustion engines shall be apply to underground areas only.
switched off before refueling if the fuel (a) Areas within 25 feet of the fol-
tanks are integral parts of the equip- lowing shall be free of combustible ma-
ment. This standard does not apply to terials:
diesel-powered equipment. (1) Electric substations.
(2) Unburied, combustible liquid stor-
§ 57.4104 Combustible waste. age tanks.
(a) Waste materials, including liq- (3) Any group of containers used for
uids, shall not accumulate in quan- storage of more than 60 gallons of com-
tities that could create a fire hazard. bustible liquids.
(b) Waste or rags containing flam- (b) This standard does not apply to
mable or combustible liquids that installed wiring or timber that is coat-

could create a fire hazard shall be ed with at least one inch of shotcrete,
357
§ 57.4161 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
one-half inch of gunite, or other non- three months for damage or deteriora-
combustible materials with equivalent tion and use-tested at least once every
fire protection characteristics. twelve months to determine that they
remain functional.
§ 57.4161 Use of fire underground. (5) Fire suppression systems shall be
Fires shall not be lit underground, inspected at least once every twelve
except for open-flame torches. Torches months. An inspection schedule based
shall be attended at all times while lit. on the manufacturer’s specifications or
the equivalent shall be established for
FIREFIGHTING EQUIPMENT individual components of a system and
followed to determine that the system
§ 57.4200 General requirements.
remains functional. Surface fire sup-
(a) For fighting fires that could en- pression systems are exempt from
danger persons, each mine shall have— these inspection requirements if the
(1) Onsite firefighting equipment for systems are used solely for the protec-
fighting fires in their early stages; and tion of property and no persons would
(2) Onsite firefighting equipment for be affected by a fire.
fighting fires beyond their early stages, (b) At the completion of each inspec-
or the mine shall have made prior ar- tion or test required by this standard,
rangements with a local fire depart- the person making the inspection or
ment to fight such fires. test shall certify that the inspection or
(b) This onsite firefighting equip- test has been made and the date on
ment shall be— which it was made. Certifications of
(1) Of the type, size, and quantity hydrostatic testing shall be retained
that can extinguish fires of any class until the fire extinguisher is retested
which would occur as a result of the or permanently removed from service.
hazards present; and Other certifications shall be retained
(2) Strategically located, readily ac- for one year.
cessible, plainly marked, and main-
tained in fire-ready condition. TABLE C–1—HYDROSTATIC TEST INTERVALS
FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
FR 20100, May 14, 1985] Test in-
Extinguisher type terval
§ 57.4201 Inspection. (years)
(a) Firefighting equipment shall be Soda Acid .............................................................. 5

inspected according to the following Cartridge-Operated Water and/or Antifreeze ........ 5
Stored-Pressure Water and/or Antifreeze ............. 5
schedules: Wetting Agent ........................................................ 5
(1) Fire extinguishers shall be in- Foam ...................................................................... 5
spected visually at least once a month AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming Foam) ................... 5
to determine that they are fully Loaded Stream ...................................................... 5
Dry-Chemical with Stainless Steel Shells ............. 5
charged and operable. Carbon Dioxide ...................................................... 5
(2) At least once every twelve Dry-Chemical, Stored Pressure, with Mild Steel
months, maintenance checks shall be Shells, Brazed Brass Shells, or Aluminum
Shells ................................................................. 12
made of mechanical parts, the amount Dry-Chemical, Cartridge or Cylinder Operated,
and condition of extinguishing agent with Mild Steel Shells ......................................... 12
and expellant, and the condition of the Bromotrifluoromethane-Halon 1301 ...................... 12
hose, nozzle, and vessel to determine Bromochlorodifluoromethane-Halon 1211 ............. 12
Dry-Powder, Cartridge or Cylinder-Operated, with
that the fire extinguishers will operate Mild Steel Shells 1 .............................................. 12
effectively. 1 Exceptfor stainless steel and steel used for compressed
(3) Fire extinguishers shall be gas cylinders, all other steel shells are defined as ‘‘mild steel’’
hydrostatically tested according to shells.
Table C–1 or a schedule based on the
manufacturer’s specifications to deter- § 57.4202 Fire hydrants.
mine the integrity of extinguishing If fire hydrants are part of the mine’s
agent vessels. firefighting system, the hydrants shall
(4) Water pipes, valves, outlets, hy- be provided with—
drants, and hoses that are part of the (a) Uniform fittings or readily avail-
mine’s firefighting system shall be vis- able adapters for onsite firefighting
ually inspected at least once every equipment;
358
(b) Readily available wrenches or sion system shall be readily accessible

keys to open the valves; and to the equipment operator.
(c) Readily available adapters capa-
ble of connecting hydrant fittings to § 57.4261 Shaft-station waterlines.
the hose equipment of any firefighting Waterline outlets that are located at
organization relied upon by the mine. underground shaft stations and are
part of the mine’s fire protection sys-
§ 57.4203 Extinguisher recharging or tem shall have at least one fitting lo-
replacement.
cated for, and capable of, immediate
Fire extinguishers shall be recharged connection to firefighting equipment.
or replaced with a fully charged extin-
guisher promptly after any discharge. § 57.4262 Underground transformer
stations, combustible liquid storage
§ 57.4230 Surface self-propelled equip- and dispensing areas, pump rooms,
ment. compressor rooms, and hoist rooms.
(a)(1) Whenever a fire or its effects Transformer stations, storage and
could impede escape from self-propelled dispensing areas for combustible liq-
equipment, a fire extinguisher shall be uids, pump rooms, compressor rooms,
on the equipment. and hoist rooms shall be provided with
(2) Whenever a fire or its effects fire protection of a type, size, and
would not impede escape from the quantity that can extinguish fires of
equipment but could affect the escape any class in their early stages which
of other persons in the area, a fire ex- could occur as a result of the hazards
tinguisher shall be on the equipment or present.
within 100 feet of the equipment.
(b) A fire suppression system may be § 57.4263 Underground belt conveyors.
used as an alternative to fire extin- Fire protection shall be provided at
guishers if the system can be manually the head, tail, drive, and take-up pul-
activated. leys of underground belt conveyors.
(c) Fire extinguishers or fire suppres- Provisions shall be made for extin-
sion systems shall be of a type and size guishing fires along the beltline. Fire
that can extinguish fires of any class in protection shall be of a type, size, and
their early stages which could origi- quantity that can extinguish fires of
nate from the equipment’s inherent any class in their early stages which
fire hazards. Fire extinguishers or could occur as a result of the fire haz-
manual actuators for the suppression ards present.
system shall be located to permit their
use by persons whose escape could be FIREFIGHTING PROCEDURES/ALARMS/
impeded by fire. DRILLS
§ 57.4260 Underground self-propelled § 57.4330 Surface firefighting, evacu-

equipment. ation, and rescue procedures.
(a) Whenever self-propelled equip- (a) Mine operators shall establish
ment is used underground, a fire extin- emergency firefighting, evacuation,
guisher shall be on the equipment. This and rescue procedures for the surface
standard does not apply to compressed- portions of their operations. These pro-
air powered equipment without inher- cedures shall be coordinated in advance
ent fire hazards. with available firefighting organiza-
(b) A fire suppression system may be tions.
used as an alternative to fire extin- (b) Fire alarm procedures or systems
guishers if the system can be manually shall be established to promptly warn
actuated. every person who could be endangered
(c) Fire extinguishers or fire suppres- by a fire.
sion systems shall be of a type and size (c) Fire alarm systems shall be main-
that can extinguish fires of any class in tained in operable condition.
their early stages which could origi-
nate from the equipment’s inherent § 57.4331 Surface firefighting drills.
fire hazards. The fire extinguishers or Emergency firefighting drills shall be

the manual actuator for the suppres- held at least once every six months for
359
§ 57.4360 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
persons assigned surface firefighting dures and fire warning signals in effect
responsibilities by the mine operator. at the mine.
(b) Whenever a change is made in es-
§ 57.4360 Underground alarm systems. cape and evacuation plans and proce-
(a) Fire alarm systems capable of dures for any area of the mine, all per-
promptly warning every person under- sons affected shall be instructed in the
ground, except as provided in para- new plans or procedures.
graph (b), shall be provided and main- (c) Whenever persons are assigned to
tained in operating condition. work in areas other than their regu-
(b) If persons are assigned to work larly assigned areas, they shall be in-
areas beyond the warning capabilities structed about the escapeway for that
of the system, provisions shall be made area at the time of such assignment.
to alert them in a manner to provide However, persons who normally work
for their safe evacuation in the event in more than one area of the mine shall
of a fire. be instructed at least once every
twelve months about the location of
§ 57.4361 Underground evacuation escapeways for all areas of the mine in
drills. which they normally work or travel.
(a) At least once every six months, (d) At the completion of any instruc-
mine evacuation drills shall be held to tion given under this standard, the
assess the ability of all persons under- mine operator shall certify the date
ground to reach the surface or other that the instruction was given. Certifi-
designated points of safety within the cations shall be retained for at least
time limits of the self-rescue devices one year.
that would be used during an actual
FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
emergency.
AND GASES
(b) The evacuation drills shall—
(1) Be held for each shift at some § 57.4400 Use restrictions.
time other than a shift change and in-
volve all persons underground; (a) Flammable liquids shall not be
(2) Involve activation of the fire used for cleaning.
alarm system; and (b) Solvents shall not be used near an
(3) Include evacuation of all persons open flame or other ignition source,
from their work areas to the surface or near any source of heat, or in an at-
to designated central evacuation mosphere that can elevate the tem-
points. perature of the solvent above the flash
point.
(c) At the completion of each drill,
the mine operator shall certify the § 57.4401 Storage tank foundations.
date and the time the evacuation began
and ended. Certifications shall be re- Fixed, unburied, flammable or com-
tained for at least one year after each bustible liquid storage tanks shall be
drill. securely mounted on firm foundations.
Piping shall be provided with flexible
§ 57.4362 Underground rescue and fire- connections or other special fittings
fighting operations. where necessary to prevent leaks
Following evacuation of a mine in a caused by tanks settling.
fire emergency, only persons wearing § 57.4402 Safety can use.
and trained in the use of mine rescue
apparatus shall participate in rescue Small quantities of flammable liq-
and firefighting operations in advance uids drawn from storage shall be kept
of the fresh air base. in safety cans labeled to indicate the
contents.
§ 57.4363 Underground evacuation in-
struction. § 57.4430 Surface storage facilities.
(a) At least once every twelve The requirements of this standard
months, all persons who work under- apply to surface areas only.
ground shall be instructed in the es- (a) Storage tanks for flammable or
cape and evacuation plans and proce- combustible liquids shall be—
360
(1) Capable of withstanding working heat source, and each cabinet shall be
pressures and stresses and compatible labeled ‘‘flammables.’’
with the type of liquid stored; (2) Combustible liquids in closed con-
(2) Maintained in a manner that pre- tainers. The containers shall be kept
vents leakage; away from any heat source and the
(3) Isolated or separated from igni- hoist operator’s work station.
tion sources to prevent fire or explo-
sion; and § 57.4460 Storage of flammable liquids
underground.
(4) Vented or otherwise constructed
to prevent development of pressure or (a) Flammable liquids shall not be
vacuum as a result of filling, emptying, stored underground, except—
or atmospheric temperature changes. (1) Small quantities stored in tightly
Vents for storage of Class I, II, or IIIA closed cabinets away from any heat
liquids shall be isolated or separated source. The small quantities shall be
from ignition sources. These pressure stored in safety cans or in non-glass
relief requirements do not apply to containers of a capacity equal to or
tanks used for storage of Class IIIB liq- less than a safety can. Each cabinet
uids that are larger than 12,000 gallons shall be labeled ‘‘flammables.’’
in capacity. (2) Acetylene and liquefied petroleum
(b) All piping, valves, and fittings gases stored in containers designed for
shall be— that specific purpose.
(1) Capable of withstanding working (b) Gasoline shall not be stored un-
pressures and stresses; derground in any quantity.
(2) Compatible with the type of liquid § 57.4461 Gasoline use restrictions un-
stored; and derground.
(3) Maintained in a manner that pre-
vents leakage. If gasoline is used underground to
power internal combustion engines—
(c) Fixed, unburied tanks located
(a) The mine shall be nongassy and
where escaping liquid could present a
shall have multiple horizontal or in-
hazard to persons shall be provided
clined roadways from the surface large
with—
enough to accommodate vehicular traf-
(1) Containment for the entire capac-
fic;
ity of the largest tank; or
(b) All roadways and other openings
(2) Drainage to a remote impound- shall connect with another opening
ment area that does not endanger per- every 100 feet by a passage large
sons. However, storage of only Class enough to accommodate any vehicle in
IIIB liquids does not require contain- the mine or alternate routes shall pro-
ment or drainage to remote impound- vide equivalent escape capabilities; and
ment. (c) No roadway or other opening shall
§ 57.4431 Surface storage restrictions. be supported or lined with wood or
other combustible materials.
(a) On the surface, no unburied flam-
mable or combustible liquids or flam- § 57.4462 Storage of combustible liq-
mable gases shall be stored within 100 uids underground.
feet of the following: The requirements of this standard
(1) Mine openings or structures at- apply to underground areas only.
tached to mine openings. (a) Combustible liquids, including oil
(2) Fan installations for underground or grease, shall be stored in non-glass
ventilation. containers or storage tanks. The con-
(3) Hoist houses. tainers or storage tanks shall be—
(b) Under this standard, the following (1) Capable of withstanding working
may be present in the hoist house in pressures and stresses and compatible
quantities necessary for the day-to-day with the type of liquid stored;
maintenance of the hoist machinery: (2) Maintained in a manner that pre-
(1) Flammable liquids in safety cans vents leakage;
or in other containers placed in tightly (3) Located in areas free of combus-
closed cabinets. The safety cans and tible materials or in areas where any
cabinets shall be kept away from any exposed combustible materials are
361
§ 57.4463 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
coated with one inch of shotcrete, one- § 57.4502 Battery-charging stations.

half inch of gunite, or other non- (a) Battery-charging stations shall be
combustible material with equivalent ventilated with a sufficient volume of
fire protection characteristics; and air to prevent the accumulation of hy-
(4) Separated from explosives or drogen gas.
blasting agents, shaft stations, and ig- (b) Smoking, use of open flames, or
nition sources including electric equip- other activities that could create an ig-
ment that could create sufficient heat nition source shall be prohibited at the
or sparks to pose a fire hazard. Separa- battery charging station during bat-
tion shall be sufficient to prevent the tery charging.
occurrence or minimize the spread of (c) Readily visible signs prohibiting
fire. smoking or open flames shall be posted
(b) Storage tanks shall be vented or at battery-charging stations during
otherwise constructed to prevent devel- battery charging.
opment of pressure or vacuum as a re- § 57.4503 Conveyor belt slippage.
sult of filling, emptying, or atmos-
(a) Surface belt conveyors within
pheric temperature changes. Vents for
confined areas where evacuation would
storage of Class II or IIIA liquids shall
be restricted in the event of a fire re-
be isolated or separated from ignition sulting from belt-slippage shall be
sources. equipped with a detection system capa-
(c) At permanent storage areas for ble of automatically stopping the drive
combustible liquids, means shall be pulley.
provided for confinement or removal of (b) Underground belt conveyors shall
the contents of the largest storage be equipped with a detection system
tank in the event of tank rupture. capable of automatically stopping the
(d) All piping, valves, and fittings drive pulley if slippage could cause ig-
shall be: nition of the belt.
(1) Capable of withstanding working (c) A person shall attend the belt at
pressures and stresses; the drive pulley when it is necessary to
(2) Compatible with the type of liquid operate the conveyor while tempo-
rarily bypassing the automatic func-
stored; and
tion.
(3) Maintained in a manner which
prevents leakage. § 57.4504 Fan installations.
§ 57.4463 Liquefied petroleum gas use (a) Fan houses, fan bulkheads for
underground. main and booster fans, and air ducts
connecting main fans to underground
Use of liquefied petroleum gases un- openings shall be constructed of non-
derground shall be limited to mainte- combustible materials.
nance work. (b) Areas within 25 feet of main fans
or booster fans shall be free of combus-
INSTALLATION/CONSTRUCTION/ tible materials, except installed wir-
MAINTENANCE ing, ground and track support,
headframes, and direct-fired heaters.
§ 57.4500 Heat sources. Other timber shall be coated with one
Heat sources capable of producing inch of shotcrete, one-half inch of gun-
combustion shall be separated from ite, or other noncombustible materials.
combustible materials if a fire hazard
§ 57.4505 Fuel lines to underground
could be created. areas.
§ 57.4501 Fuel lines. Fuel lines into underground storage
or dispensing areas shall be drained at
Fuel lines shall be equipped with the completion of each transfer of fuel
valves capable of stopping the flow of unless the following requirements are
fuel at the source and shall be located met:
and maintained to minimize fire haz- (a) The valve at the supply source
ards. This standard does not apply to shall be kept closed when fuel is not
fuel lines on self-propelled equipment. being transferred.
362
(b) The fuel line shall be— accumulation of the products of com-
(1) Capable of withstanding working bustion; and
pressures and stresses; (c) Inspected for smoldering fires at
(2) Located to prevent damage; and the end of each shift.
(3) Located in areas free of combus-
tible materials or in areas where any § 57.4533 Mine opening vicinity.
exposed combustible materials are Surface buildings or other similar
coated with one inch of shotcrete, one- structures within 100 feet of mine open-
half inch of gunite, or other non- ings used for intake air or within 100
combustible material with equivalent feet of mine openings that are des-
fire protection characteristics.
ignated escapeways in exhaust air shall
(c) Provisions shall be made for con- be—
trol or containment of the entire vol-
(a) Constructed of noncombustible
ume of the fuel line so that leakage
will not create a fire hazard. materials; or
(b) Constructed to meet a fire resist-
§ 57.4530 Exits for surface buildings ance rating of no less than one hour; or
and structures. (c) Provided with an automatic fire
Surface buildings or structures in suppression system; or
which persons work shall have a suffi- (d) Covered on all combustible inte-
cient number of exits to permit prompt rior and exterior structural surfaces
escape in case of fire. with noncombustible material or lim-
ited combustible material, such as five-
§ 57.4531 Surface flammable or com- eighth inch, type ‘‘X’’ gypsum wall-
bustible liquid storage buildings or board.
rooms.
(a) Surface storage buildings or stor- § 57.4560 Mine entrances.
age rooms in which flammable or com- For at least 200 feet inside the mine
bustible liquids, including grease, are portal or collar timber used for ground
stored and that are within 100 feet of support in intake openings and in ex-
any person’s work station shall be ven- haust openings that are designated as
tilated with a sufficient volume of air
escapeways shall be—
to prevent the accumulation of flam-
mable vapors. (a) Provided with a fire suppression
(b) In addition, the buildings or system, other than fire extinguishers
rooms shall be— and water hoses, capable of controlling
(1) Constructed to meet a fire resist- a fire in its early stages; or
ance rating of at least one hour; or (b) Covered with shotcrete, gunite, or
(2) Equipped with an automatic fire other material with equivalent fire
suppression system; or protection characteristics; or
(3) Equipped with an early warning (c) Coated with fire-retardant paint
fire detection device that will alert any or other material to reduce its flame
person who could be endangered by a spread rating to 25 or less and main-
fire, provided that no person’s work tained in that condition.
station is in the building. [50 FR 4082, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 50
(c) Flammable or combustible liquids FR 20100, May 14, 1985]
in use for day-to-day maintenance and
operational activities are not consid- § 57.4561 Stationary diesel equipment
ered in storage under this standard. underground.
§ 57.4532 Blacksmith shops. Stationary diesel equipment under-
ground shall be—
Blacksmith shops located on the sur- (a) Supported on a noncombustible
face shall be—
base; and
(a) At least 100 feet from fan installa-
(b) Provided with a thermal sensor
tions used for intake air and mine
that automatically stops the engine if
openings;
overheating occurs.
(b) Equipped with exhaust vents over
the forge and ventilated to prevent the
363
§ 57.4600 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
WELDING/CUTTING/COMPRESSED GASES mable gases, or explosive solids, the

pipelines or containers shall be—
§ 57.4600 Extinguishing equipment. (a) Drained, ventilated, and thor-
(a) When welding, cutting, soldering, oughly cleaned of any residue;
thawing, or bending— (b) Vented to prevent pressure build-
(1) With an electric arc or with an up during the application of heat; and
open flame where an electrically con- (c)(1) Filled with an inert gas or
ductive extinguishing agent could cre- water, where compatible; or
ate an electrical hazard, a multipur- (2) Determined to be free of flam-
pose dry-chemical fire extinguisher or mable gases by a flammable gas detec-
other extinguisher with at least a 2– tion device prior to and at frequent in-
A:10–B:C rating shall be at the work- tervals during the application of heat.
site.
(2) With an open flame in an area § 57.4660 Work in shafts, raises, or
winzes and other activities involv-
where no electrical hazard exists, a ing hazard areas.
multipurpose dry-chemical fire extin-
guisher or equivalent fire extin- During performance of an activity
guishing equipment for the class of fire underground described in Table C–2 or
hazard present shall be at the worksite. when falling sparks or hot metal from
(b) Use of halogenated fire extin- work performed in a shaft, raise, or
guishing agents to meet the require- winze could pose a fire hazard—
ments of this standard shall be limited (a) A multipurpose dry-chemical fire
to Halon 1211 (CBrClF2) and Halon 1301 extinguisher shall be at the worksite to
(CBrF3). When these agents are used in supplement the fire extinguishing
confined or unventilated areas, pre- equipment required by § 57.4600; and
cautions based on the manufacturer’s (b) At least one of the following ac-
use instructions shall be taken so that tions shall be taken:
the gases produced by thermal decom- (1) Wet down the area before and
position of the agents are not inhaled. after the operation, taking precaution
against any hazard of electrical shock.
§ 57.4601 Oxygen cylinder storage. (2) Isolate any combustible material
Oxygen cylinders shall not be stored with noncombustible material.
in rooms or areas used or designated (3) Shield the activity so that hot
for storage of flammable or combus- metal and sparks cannot cause a fire.
tible liquids, including grease. (4) Provide a second person to watch
for and extinguish any fire.
§ 57.4602 Gauges and regulators.
TABLE C–2
Gauges and regulators used with oxy-
gen or acetylene cylinders shall be Activity Distance Fire hazard
kept clean and free of oil and grease. Welding or cutting More than 1 gallon of
with an electric arc combustible liquid, un-
§ 57.4603 Closure of valves. or open flame less in a closed, metal
container.
To prevent accidental release of Using an open flame Within 35 More than 50 pounds of
gases from hoses and torches attached to bend or heat feet non-fire-retardant
to oxygen and acetylene cylinders or to materials of— wood.
Thawing pipes elec- More than 10 pounds of
manifold systems, cylinder or manifold trically, except with combustible plastics.
system valves shall be closed when— heat tape
(a) The cylinders are moved;
Soldering or thawing Within 10 Materials in a shaft, raise,
(b) The torch and hoses are left unat- with an open flame feet or winze that could be
tended; or of— ignited by hot metal or
(c) The task or series of tasks is com- sparks.
pleted.
(5) Cover or bulkhead the opening im-
§ 57.4604 Preparation of pipelines or mediately below and adjacent to the
containers. activity with noncombustible material
Before welding, cutting, or applying to prevent sparks or hot metal from
heat with an open flame to pipelines or falling down the shaft, raise, or winze.
containers that have contained flam- This alternative applies only to activi-
mable or combustible liquids, flam- ties involving a shaft, raise, or winze.
364
(c) The affected area shall be in- (vii) Clear of obstructions.

spected during the first hour after the (2) Mechanical ventilation reversal. If
operation is completed. Additional in- used as an alternative, reversal of me-
spections shall be made or other fire chanical ventilation shall—
prevention measures shall be taken if a (i) Provide at all times at least the
fire hazard continues to exist. same degree of protection to persons
VENTILATION CONTROL MEASURES underground as would be afforded by
the installation of control doors;
§ 57.4760 Shaft mines. (ii) Be accomplished by a main fan. If
(a) Shaft mines shall be provided the main fan is located underground—
with at least one of the following (A) The cable or conductors sup-
means to control the spread of fire, plying power to the fan shall be routed
smoke, and toxic gases underground in through areas free of fire hazards; or
the event of a fire: control doors, rever- (B) The main fan shall be equipped
sal of mechanical ventilation, or effec- with a second, independent power cable
tive evacuation procedures. Under this or set of conductors from the surface.
standard, ‘‘shaft mine’’ means a mine The power cable or conductors shall be
in which any designated escapeway in- located so that an underground fire dis-
cludes a mechanical hoisting device or rupting power in one cable or set of
a ladder ascent. conductors will not affect the other; or
(1) Control doors. If used as an alter- (C) A second fan capable of accom-
native, control doors shall be— plishing ventilation reversal shall be
(i) Installed at or near shaft stations available for use in the event of failure
of intake shafts and any shaft des- of the main fan;
ignated as an escapeway under (iii) Provide rapid air reversal that
§ 57.11053 or at other locations that pro- allows persons underground time to
vide equivalent protection; exit in fresh air by the second
(ii) Constructed and maintained ac-
escapeway or find a place of refuge; and
cording to Table C–3;
(iii) Provided with a means of remote (iv) Be done according to predeter-
closure at landings of timbered intake mined conditions and procedures.
shafts unless a person specifically des- (3) Evacuation. If used as an alter-
ignated to close each door in the event native, effective evacuation shall be
of a fire can reach the door within demonstrated by actual evacuation of
three minutes; all persons underground to the surface
(iv) Closed or opened only according in ten minutes or less through routes
to predetermined conditions and proce- that will not expose persons to heat,
dures; smoke, or toxic fumes in the event of a
(v) Constructed so that once closed fire.
they will not reopen as a result of a dif- (b) If the destruction of any bulkhead
ferential in air pressure; on an inactive level would allow fire
(vi) Constructed so that they can be contaminants to reach an escapeway,
opened from either side by one person, that bulkhead shall be constructed and
or be provided with a personnel door maintained to provide at least the
that can be opened from either side; same protection as required for control
and doors under Table C–3.
TABLE C–3—CONTROL DOOR CONSTRUCTION
Location Minimum required construction
At least 50 feet from: timbered areas, exposed Control door that meets the requirements for a ventilation door in conform-
combustible rock, and any other combustible ance with 30 CFR 57.8531.
material 1
365
§ 57.4761 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
TABLE C–3—CONTROL DOOR CONSTRUCTION—Continued

Location Minimum required construction
Within 50 feet but no closer than 20 feet of: tim- Control door that serves as a barrier to the effects of fire and air leakage.
bered areas, exposed combustible rock, or other The control door shall provide protection at least equivalent to a door
combustible material 1 constructed of no less than one-quarter inch of plate steel with channel
Within 20 feet of: any timbered areas or combus- or angle-iron reinforcement to minimize warpage. The framework assem-
tible rock, provided that the timber and combus- bly of the door and the surrounding bulkhead, if any, shall be at least
tible rock within the 20 foot distance are coated equivalent to the door in fire and air-leakage resistance, and in physical
with one inch of shotcrete, one-half inch of gun- strength.
ite, or other material with equivalent fire protec-
tion characteristics and no other combustible
material 1 is within that distance
Within 20 feet of: timbered areas, exposed com- Control door that serves as a barrier to fire, the effects of fire, and air-leak-
bustible rock, or other combustible material 1 age. The door shall provide protection at least equivalent to a door con-
structed of two layers of wood, each a minimum of three-quarters of an
inch in thickness. The wood grain of one layer shall be perpendicular to
the wood grain of the other layer. The wood construction shall be cov-
ered on all sides and edges with no less than twenty-four gauge sheet
steel. The framework assembly of the door and the surrounding bulk-
head, if any, shall be at least equivalent to the door in fire and air-leak-
age resistance, and in physical strength. Roll-down steel doors with a
fire-resistance rating of 11⁄2 hours or greater, but without an insulation
core, are acceptable if an automatic sprinkler or deluge system is in-
stalled that provides even coverage of the door on both sides.
1 In this table, ‘‘combustible material’’ does not refer to installed wiring or track support.
[50 FR 4082, Jan. 29, 1985; 50 FR 20100, May 14, 1985]
§ 57.4761 Underground shops. (iii) Clear of obstructions; and

(iv) Provided with a means of remote
To confine or prevent the spread of
or automatic closure unless a person
toxic gases from a fire originating in
specifically designated to close the
an underground shop where mainte-
door in the event of a fire can reach the
nance work is routinely done on mobile
door within three minutes.
equipment, one of the following meas- (3) If located 20 feet or more from ex-
ures shall be taken: use of control posed timber or other combustible ma-
doors or bulkheads, routing of the mine terial, the control doors or bulkheads
shop air directly to an exhaust system, shall provide protection at least equiv-
reversal of mechanical ventilation, or alent to a door constructed of no less
use of an automatic fire suppression than one-quarter inch of plate steel
system in conjunction with an alter- with channel or angle-iron reinforce-
nate escape route. The alternative used ment to minimize warpage. The frame-
shall at all times provide at least the work assembly of the door and the sur-
same degree of safety as control doors rounding bulkhead, if any, shall be at
or bulkheads. least equivalent to the door in fire and
(a) Control doors or bulkheads. If used air-leakage resistance, and in physical
as an alternative, control doors or strength.
bulkheads shall meet the following re- (4) If located less than 20 feet from
quirements: exposed timber or other combustibles,
(1) Each control door or bulkhead the control door or bulkhead shall pro-
shall be constructed to serve as a bar- vide protection at least equivalent to a
rier to fire, the effects of fire, and air door constructed of two layers of wood,
leakage at each opening to the shop. each a minimum of three-quarters of
(2) Each control door shall be— an inch in thickness. The wood-grain of
(i) Constructed so that, once closed, one layer shall be perpendicular to the
it will not reopen as a result of a dif- wood-grain of the other layer. The
ferential in air pressure; wood construction shall be covered on
(ii) Constructed so that it can be all sides and edges with no less than 24-
opened from either side by one person gauge sheet steel. The framework as-
or be provided with a personnel door sembly of the door and the surrounding
that can be opened from either side; bulkhead, if any, shall be at least
366
equivalent to the door in fire and air- APPENDIX I TO SUBPART C OF PART 57—
leakage resistance, and in physical NATIONAL CONSENSUS STANDARDS
strength. Roll-down steel doors with a Mine operators seeking further informa-
fire-resistance rating of 11⁄2 hours or tion in the area of fire prevention and con-
greater, but without an insulation trol may consult the following national con-
core, are acceptable provided that an sensus standards.
automatic sprinkler or deluge system MSHA stand-
is installed that provides even coverage National consensus standard
ard
of the door on both sides.
§§ 57.4200, NFPA No. 10—Portable Fire Extinguisher.
(b) Routing air to exhaust system. If 57.4201, NFPA No. 11—Low Expansion Foam and
used as an alternative, routing the 57.4261, Combined Agent Systems.
and NFPA No. 11A—High Expansion Foam Sys-
mine shop exhaust air directly to an 57.4262. tems.
exhaust system shall be done so that NFPA No. 12—Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing
no person would be exposed to toxic Systems.
NFPA No. 12A—Halon 1301 Extinguishing
gases in the event of a shop fire. Systems.
(c) Mechanical ventilation reversal. If NFPA No. 13—Water Sprinkler Systems.
used as an alternative, reversal of me- NFPA No. 14—Standpipe and Hose Sys-
tems.
chanical ventilation shall— NFPA No. 15—Water Spray Fixed Systems.
(1) Be accomplished by a main fan. If NFPA No. 16—Foam Water Spray Systems.
NFPA No. 17—Dry-Chemical Extinguishing
the main fan is located underground: Systems.
(i) The cable or conductors supplying NFPA No. 121—Mobile Surface Mining
power to the fan shall be routed Equipment.
NFPA No. 291—Testing and Marking Hy-
through areas free of fire hazards; or drants.
(ii) The main fan shall be equipped NFPA No. 1962—Care, Use, and Mainte-
nance of Fire Hose, Connections, and Noz-
with a second, independent power cable zles.
or set of conductors from the surface. § 57.4202 ..... NFPA No. 14—Standpipe and Hose Sys-
The power cable or conductors shall be tems.
NFPA No. 291—Testing and Marking Hy-
located so that an underground fire dis- drants.
rupting power in one cable or set of § 57.4203 ..... NFPA No. 10—Portable Fire Extinguishers.
conductors will not affect the other; or § 57.4230 ..... NFPA No. 10—Portable Fire Extinguishers.
NFPA No. 121—Mobile Surface Mining
(iii) A second fan capable of accom- Equipment.
plishing ventilation reversal shall be § 57.4260 ..... NFPA No. 10—Portable Fire Extinguishers.
§ 57.4261 ..... NFPA No. 14—Standpipe and Hose Sys-
available for use in the event of failure tems.
of the main fan; § 57.4533 ..... NFPA Fire Protection Handbook.
(2) Provide rapid air reversal that al- § 57.4560 ..... ASTM E–162—Surface Flammability of Mate-
rials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source.
lows persons underground time to exit
in fresh air by the second escapeway or
find a place of refuge; and Subpart D—Air Quality, Radiation,
(3) Be done according to predeter- Physical Agents, and Diesel
mined conditions and procedures. Particulate Matter
(d) Automatic fire suppression system
and escape route. If used as an alter- AIR QUALITY—SURFACE AND
native, the automatic fire suppression UNDERGROUND
system and alternate escape route
§ 57.5001 Exposure limits for airborne
shall meet the following requirements: contaminants.
(1) The suppression system shall be—
Except as permitted by § 57.5005—
(i) Located in the shop area; (a) Except as provided in paragraph
(ii) The appropriate size and type for (b), the exposure to airborne contami-
the particular fire hazards involved; nants shall not exceed, on the basis of
and a time weighted average, the threshold
(iii) Inspected at weekly intervals limit values adopted by the American
and properly maintained. Conference of Governmental Industrial
(2) The escape route shall bypass the Hygienists, as set forth and explained
shop area so that the route will not be in the 1973 edition of the Conference’s
affected by a fire in the shop area. publication, entitled ‘‘TLV’s Threshold

Limit Values for Chemical Substances
367
§ 57.5002 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
in Workroom Air Adopted by ACGIH shift limit or the 1 f/cc excursion limit,
for 1973,’’ pages 1 through 54, which are samples shall be further analyzed using
hereby incorporated by reference and transmission electron microscopy ac-
made a part hereof. This publication cording to NIOSH Method 7402 or a
may be obtained from the American method at least equivalent to that
Conference of Governmental Industrial method.
Hygienists by writing to 1330 Kemper (c) Employees shall be withdrawn
Meadow Drive, Attn: Customer Service, from areas where there is present an
Cincinnati, OH 45240, http:// airborne contaminant given a ‘‘C’’ des-
www.acgih.org, or may be examined in ignation by the Conference and the
any Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety concentration exceeds the threshold
and Health District Office of the Mine limit value listed for that contami-
Safety and Health Administration. Ex- nant.
cursions above the listed thresholds
shall not be of a greater magnitude [50 FR 4082, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 60
FR 35695, July 11, 1995; 71 FR 16667, Apr. 3,
than is characterized as permissible by
2006; 73 FR 11303, Feb. 29, 2008; 73 FR 66172,
the Conference. Nov. 7, 2008]
(b) Asbestos standard—(1) Definitions.
Asbestos is a generic term for a num- § 57.5002 Exposure monitoring.
ber of asbestiform hydrated silicates
that, when crushed or processed, sepa- Dust, gas, mist, and fume surveys
rate into flexible fibers made up of shall be conducted as frequently as
fibrils. necessary to determine the adequacy of
Asbestos means chrysotile, control measures.
cummingtonite-grunerite asbestos
§ 57.5005 Control of exposure to air-
(amosite), crocidolite, anthophylite as- borne contaminants.
bestos, tremolite asbestos, and actino-
lite asbestos. Control of employee exposure to
Asbestos fiber means a fiber of asbes- harmful airborne contaminants shall
tos that meets the criteria of a fiber. be, insofar as feasible, by prevention of
Fiber means a particle longer than 5 contamination, removal by exhaust
micrometers (μm) with a length-to-di- ventilation, or by dilution with
ameter ratio of at least 3-to-1. uncontaminated air. However, where
(2) Permissible Exposure Limits accepted engineering control measures
(PELs)—(i) Full-shift limit. A miner’s have not been developed or when nec-
personal exposure to asbestos shall not essary by the nature of work involved
exceed an 8-hour time-weighted aver- (for example, while establishing con-
age full-shift airborne concentration of trols or occasional entry into haz-
0.1 fiber per cubic centimeter of air (f/ ardous atmospheres to perform mainte-
cc). nance or investigation), employees
(ii) Excursion limit. No miner shall be may work for reasonable periods of
exposed at any time to airborne con- time in concentrations of airborne con-
centrations of asbestos in excess of 1 taminants exceeding permissible levels
fiber per cubic centimeter of air (f/cc) if they are protected by appropriate
as averaged over a sampling period of respiratory protective equipment.
30 minutes. Whenever respiratory protective equip-
(3) Measurement of airborne asbestos ment is used a program for selection,
fiber concentration. Potential asbestos maintenance, training, fitting, super-
fiber concentration shall be determined vision, cleaning, and use shall meet the
by phase contrast microscopy (PCM) following minimum requirements:
using the OSHA Reference Method in (a) Respirators approved by NIOSH
OSHA’s asbestos standard found in 29 under 42 CFR part 84 which are applica-
CFR 1910.1001, Appendix A, or a method ble and suitable for the purpose in-
at least equivalent to that method in tended shall be furnished and miners
identifying a potential asbestos expo- shall use the protective equipment in
sure exceeding the 0.1 f/cc full-shift accordance with training and instruc-
limit or the 1 f/cc excursion limit. tion.
When PCM results indicate a potential (b) A respirator program consistent

exposure exceeding the 0.1 f/cc full- with the requirements of ANSI Z88.2–
368
1969, published by the American Na- AIR QUALITY—SURFACE ONLY

tional Standards Institute and entitled [RESERVED]
‘‘American National Standards Prac-
tices for Respiratory Protection ANSI AIR QUALITY—UNDERGROUND ONLY
Z88.2–1969,’’ approved August 11, 1969,
§ 57.5015 Oxygen deficiency.
which is hereby incorporated by ref-
erence and made a part hereof. This Air in all active workings shall con-
publication may be obtained from the tain at least 19.5 volume percent oxy-
American National Standards Insti- gen.
tute, Inc., 25 W. 43rd Street, 4th Floor,
New York, NY 10036; http:// RADIATION—UNDERGROUND ONLY
www.ansi.org, or may be examined in
§ 57.5037 Radon daughter exposure
any Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety monitoring.
and Health District Office of the Mine
Safety and Health Administration. (a) In all mines at least one sample
(c) When respiratory protection is shall be taken in exhaust mine air by a
used in atmospheres immediately competent person to determine if con-
harmful to life, the presence of at least centrations of radon daughters are
one other person with backup equip- present. Sampling shall be done using
ment and rescue capability shall be re- suggested equipment and procedures
quired in the event of failure of the res- described in section 14.3 of ANSI N13.8–
piratory equipment. 1973, entitled ‘‘American National
Standard Radiation Protection in Ura-
[50 FR 4082, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 60 nium Mines,’’ approved July 18, 1973,
FR 30400, June 8, 1995; 60 FR 33723, June 29, pages 13–15, by the American National
1995; 60 FR 35695, July 11, 1995; 71 FR 16667,
Apr. 3, 2006]
Standards Institute, Inc., which is in-
corporated by reference and made a
§ 57.5006 Restricted use of chemicals. part of the standard or equivalent pro-
cedures and equipment acceptable to
The following chemical substances
the Administrator, MSHA Metal and
shall not be used or stored except by Nonmetal Mine Safety and Health dis-
competent persons under laboratory trict office. This publication may be
conditions approved by a nationally examined at any Metal and Nonmetal
recognized agency acceptable to the Mine Safety and Health Subdistrict Of-
Secretary. fice of the Mine Safety and Health Ad-
(a) Carbon tetrachloride, ministration, or may be obtained from
(b) Phenol, the American National Standards In-
(c) 4-Nitrobiphenyl, stitute, Inc., 25 W. 43rd Street, 4th
(d) Alpha-naphthylamine, Floor, New York, NY 10036; http://
(e) 4,4-Methylene Bis (2- www.ansi.org. The mine operator may
chloroaniline), request that the required exhaust mine
(f) Methyl-chloromethyl ether, air sampling be done by the Mine Safe-
(g) 3,3 Dichlorobenzidine, ty and Health Administration. If con-
(h) Bis (chloromethyl) ether, centrations of radon daughters in ex-
(i) Beta-napthylamine, cess of 0.1 WL are found in an exhaust
(j) Benzidine, air sample, thereafter—
(k) 4-Aminodiphenyl, (1) Where uranium is mined—radon
(l) Ethyleneimine, daughter concentrations representative
(m) Beta-propiolactone, of worker’s breathing zone shall be de-
(n) 2-Acetylaminofluorene, termined at least every two weeks at
(o) 4-Dimethylaminobenzene, and random times in all active working
areas such as stopes, drift headings,
(p) N-Nitrosodimethylamine.
travelways, haulageways, shops, sta-
tions, lunch rooms, magazines, and any
other place or location where persons
work, travel, or congregate. However,

if concentrations of radon daughters
369
§ 57.5038 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
are found in excess of 0.3 WL in an ac- § 57.5040 Exposure records.

tive working area, radon daughter con-
(a) The operator shall calculate and
centrations thereafter shall be deter-
record complete individual exposures
mined weekly in that working area
until such time as the weekly deter- to concentrations of radon daughters
minations in that area have been 0.3 as follows:
WL or less for 5 consecutive weeks. (1) Where uranium is mined—the
(2) Where uranium is not mined— complete individual exposures of all
when radon daughter concentrations mine personnel working underground
between 0.1 and 0.3 WL are found in an shall be calculated and recorded. These
active working area, radon daughter records shall include the individual’s
concentration measurements rep- time in each active working area such
resentative of worker’s breathing zone as stopes, drift headings, travelways,
shall be determined at least every 3 haulageways, shops, stations, lunch
months at random times until such rooms, magazines and any other place
time as the radon daughter concentra- or location where persons work, travel
tions in that area are below 0.1 WL, and or congregate, and the concentration of
annually thereafter. If concentrations airborne radon daughters for each ac-
of radon daughters are found in excess tive working area.
of 0.3 WL in an active working area (2) Where uranium is not mined—the
radon daughter concentrations there- complete individual exposure of all
after shall be determined at least mine personnel working in active
weekly in that working area until such working areas with radon daughter
time as the weekly determinations in concentrations in excess of 0.3 WL shall
that area have been 0.3 WL or less for be calculated and recorded. These
5 consecutive weeks. records shall include the individual’s
(b) If concentrations of radon daugh- time in each active working area and
ters less than 0.1 WL are found in an the concentrations of airborne radon
exhaust mine air sample, thereafter: daughters for each active working
(1) Where uranium is mined—at least area. The operator may discontinue
one sample shall be taken in the ex- calculating and recording the indi-
haust mine air monthly. vidual exposures of any personnel as-
(2) Where uranium is not mined—no signed to work in active working areas
further exhaust mine air sampling is where radon daughter concentrations
required. have been reduced to 0.3 WL or less for
(c) The sample date, locations, and 5 consecutive weeks provided that such
results obtained under (a) and (b) above exposure calculation and recordation
shall be recorded and retained at the shall not be discontinued with respect
mine site or nearest mine office for at to any person who has accumulated
least two years and shall be made more exposure than 1⁄12 (one-twelfth) of
available for inspection by the Sec- a WLM times the number of months for
retary or his authorized representative. which exposures have been calculated
and recorded in the calendar year in
[50 FR 4082, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 60 which the exposure calculation and
FR 33723, June 29, 1995; 71 FR 16667, Apr. 3, recordation is proposed to be discon-
2006] tinued.
(b) The operator shall maintain the
§ 57.5038 Annual exposure limits.
form entitled ‘‘Record of Individual Ex-
No person shall be permitted to re- posure to Radon Daughters’’ (Form
ceive an exposure in excess of 4 WLM in 4000–9), or equivalent forms that are ac-
any calendar year. ceptable to the Administrator, Metal
and Nonmetal Mine Safety and Health,
§ 57.5039 Maximum permissible con- Mine Safety and Health Administra-
centration. tion, on which there shall be recorded
Except as provided by standard the specific information required by
§ 57.5005, persons shall not be exposed to the form with respect to each person’s
air containing concentrations of radon time-weighted current and cumulative
daughters exceeding 1.0 WL in active exposure to concentrations of radon

workings. daughters.
370
(1) The form entitled ‘‘Record of Indi- (5) Upon written request from a per-
vidual Exposure to Radon Daughters’’ son who is a subject of these records, a
(Form 4000–9), shall consist of an origi- statement of the year-to-date and cu-
nal of each form for the operator’s mulative exposure applicable to that
records which shall be available for ex- person shall be provided to the person
amination by the Secretary or his au- or to whomever such person designates.
thorized representative. (6) The blank form entitled ‘‘Record
(2) On or before February 15 of each of Individual Exposure to Radon
calendar year, or within 45 days after Daughters’’ (Form 4000–9) may be ob-
the shutdown of mining operations for tained on request from any MSHA
the calendar year, each mine operator Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety and
shall submit to the Mine Safety and Health district office.
Health Administration a copy of the NOTE: To calculate an individual’s expo-
‘‘Record of Individual Exposure to sure to WLM for a given period of time, mul-
Radon Daughters’’ (Form 4000–9), or ac- tiply the total exposure time (hours to the
ceptable equivalent form, showing the nearest half-hour) in an active working area
by the average concentration of airborne
data required by the form for all per-
radon daughters for the applicable active
sonnel for whom calculation and re- working area (average working level cal-
cording of exposure was required dur- culated to the nearest hundredth working
ing the previous calendar year. level) and divide the product by the constant
(3) Errors detected by the operator 173 hours per month.
shall be corrected on any forms kept by An average airborne radon daughter con-
the operator and a corrected copy of centration for a designated active working
any forms submitted to the Mine Safe- area shall be determined by averaging all
sampling results for that working area dur-
ty and Health Administration shall be
ing the time that persons are present. Any
submitted to the Mine Safety and sample taken by Federal or State mine in-
Health Administration within 60 days spectors, which represents exposure to min-
of detection and shall identify the er- ers and reported to the operator within three
rors and indicate the date the correc- days of being taken, shall be included in the
tions are made. average concentration; except that if the
(4) The operator’s records of indi- mine operator samples simultaneously with
vidual exposure to concentrations of the inspector, he may use his own sample re-
sults.
radon daughters and copies of ‘‘Record
of Individual Exposure to Radon [50 FR 4082, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 60
Daughters’’ (Form 4000–9) or acceptable FR 33723, June 29, 1995; 60 FR 35695, July 11,
equivalent form or true legible fac- 1995; 71 FR 16667, Apr. 3, 2006]
similes thereof (microfilm or other), § 57.5041 Smoking prohibition.
shall be retained at the mine or nearest
mine office for a period as specified in Smoking shall be prohibited in all
paragraph 9.8, ANSI N13.8–1973, or shall areas of a mine where exposure records
be submitted to the Mine Safety and are required to be kept in compliance
Health Administration. These records, with standard 57.5040.
if retained by the operator, shall be
§ 57.5042 Revised exposure levels.
open for inspection by the Secretary of
Labor, his authorized representative, If levels of permissible exposures to
and authorized representatives of the concentrations of radon daughters dif-
official mine inspection agency of the ferent from those prescribed in 57.5038
State in which the mine is located. are recommended by the Environ-
Paragraph 9.8, ANSI N13.8–1973, is in- mental Protection Agency and ap-
corporated by reference and made a proved by the President, no employee
part of this standard. ANSI N13.8–1973 shall be permitted to receive exposures
may be examined at any Metal and in excess of those levels after the effec-
Nonmetal Mine Safety and Health Dis- tive dates established by the Agency.
Health Administration, and may be ob- § 57.5044 Respirators.
tained from the American National In environments exceeding 1.0 WL,
Standards Institute, Inc., at 25 W. 43rd miners shall wear respirators approved
Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036; by NIOSH for radon daughters prior to
http://www.ansi.org. July 10, 1995 or under the equivalent
371
§ 57.5045 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
section of 42 CFR part 84 and such res- DIESEL PARTICULATE MATTER—

pirator use shall be in compliance with UNDERGROUND ONLY
§ 57.5005.
SOURCE: 66 FR 5907, Jan. 19, 2001, unless
[60 FR 30400, June 8, 1995] otherwise noted.
§ 57.5045 Posting of inactive workings. § 57.5060 Limit on exposure to diesel
Inactive workings in which radon particulate matter.
daughter concentrations are above 1.0 (a) A miner’s personal exposure to
WL, shall be posted against unauthor- diesel particulate matter (DPM) in an
ized entry and designated by signs indi- underground mine must not exceed an
cating them as areas in which approved average eight-hour equivalent full shift
respirators shall be worn. airborne concentration of 308
micrograms of elemental carbon per
§ 57.5046 Protection against radon gas. cubic meter of air (308EC μg/m3). [This
Where radon daughter concentrations interim permissible exposure limit
exceed 10 WL, respirator protection (PEL) remains in effect until the final
against radon gas shall be provided in DPM exposure limit becomes effective.
addition to protection against radon When the final DPM exposure limit be-
daughters. Protection against radon comes effective, MSHA will publish a
gas shall be provided by supplied air document in the FEDERAL REGISTER.]
devices or by face masks containing (b)(1) Effective May 20, 2006, a miner’s
absorbent material capable of remov- personal exposure to diesel particulate
ing both the radon and its daughters. matter (DPM) in an underground mine
must not exceed an average eight-hour
§ 57.5047 Gamma radiation surveys. equivalent full shift airborne con-
centration of 308 micrograms of ele-
(a) Gamma radiation surveys shall be
mental carbon per cubic meter of air
conducted annually in all underground
(308EC μg/m3).
mines where radioactive ores are
(2) Effective January 20, 2007, a min-
mined.
er’s personal exposure to diesel partic-
(b) Surveys shall be in accordance
ulate matter (DPM) in an underground
with American National Standards
mine must not exceed an average
(ANSI) Standard N13.8–1973, entitled
eight-hour equivalent full shift air-
‘‘Radiation Protection in Uranium
borne concentration of 350 micrograms
Mines’’, section 14.1 page 12, which is
of total carbon per cubic meter of air
hereby incorporated by reference and
(350TC μg/m3).
made a part hereof. This publication
(3) Effective May 20, 2008, a miner’s
may be examined in any Metal and
personal exposure to diesel particulate
Nonmetal Mine Safety and Health Dis-
matter (DPM) in an underground mine
trict Office, Mine Safety and Health
must not exceed an average eight-hour
Administration, or may be obtained
equivalent full shift airborne con-
from the American National Standards
centration of 160 micrograms of total
Institute, Inc., 25 W. 43rd Street, 4th
carbon per cubic meter of air (160TC μg/
Floor, New York, NY 10036; http://
m3).
www.ansi.org.
(c)(1) If a mine requires additional
(c) Where average gamma radiation time to come into compliance with the
measurements are in excess of 2.0 final DPM limit established in § 57.5060
milliroentgens per hour in the working (b) due to technological or economic
place, gamma radiation dosimeters constraints, the operator of the mine
shall be provided for all persons af- may file an application with the Dis-
fected, and records of cumulative indi- trict Manager for a special extension.
vidual gamma radiation exposure shall (2) The mine operator must certify on
be kept. the application that the operator has
(d) Annual individual gamma radi- posted one copy of the application at
ation exposure shall not exceed 5 rems. the mine site for at least 30 days prior
to the date of application, and has pro-

FR 33723, June 29, 1995; 60 FR 35695, July 11, vided another copy to the authorized
1995; 71 FR 16667, Apr. 3, 2006] representative of miners.
372
(3) No approval of a special extension DPM. An R-series filter shall not be

shall exceed a period of one year from used for longer than one work shift.
the date of approval. Mine operators (3) The mine operator must provide a
may file for additional special exten- confidential medical evaluation by a
sions provided each extension does not physician or other licensed health care
exceed a period of one year. An applica- professional (PLHCP), at no cost to the
tion must include the following infor- miner, to determine the miner’s ability
mation: to use a respirator before the miner is
(i) Documentation supporting that required to be fit tested or to use a res-
controls are technologically or eco- pirator at the mine. If the PLHCP de-
nomically infeasible at this time to re- termines that the miner cannot wear a
duce the miner’s exposure to the final negative pressure respirator, the mine
DPM limit. operator must make certain that the
(ii) The most recent DPM monitoring PLHCP evaluates the miner’s ability to
results. wear a powered air purifying respirator
(iii) The actions the operator will (PAPR).
take during the extension to minimize (4) The mine operator must provide
exposure of miners to DPM. the miner with an opportunity to dis-
(4) A mine operator must comply cuss their evaluation results with the
with the terms of any approved appli- PLHCP before the PLHCP submits the
cation for a special extension, post a written determination to the mine op-
copy of the approved application for a erator regarding the miner’s ability to
special extension at the mine site for wear a respirator. If the miner dis-
the duration of the special extension agrees with the evaluation results of
period, and provide a copy of the ap- the PLHCP, the miner may submit
proved application to the authorized within 30 days additional evidence of
representative of miners. his or her medical condition to the
(d) The mine operator must install, PLHCP.
use, and maintain feasible engineering (5) The mine operator must obtain a
and administrative controls to reduce a written determination from the
miner’s exposure to or below the appli- PLHCP regarding the miner’s ability
cable DPM PEL established in this sec- to wear a respirator, and the mine op-
tion. When controls do not reduce a erator must assure that the PLHCP
miner’s DPM exposure to the PEL, con- provides a copy of the determination to
trols are infeasible, or controls do not the miner.
produce significant reductions in DPM (6) The miner must be reevaluated
exposures, controls must be used to re- when the mine operator has reason to
duce the miner’s exposure to as low a believe that conditions have changed
level as feasible and must be supple- which could adversely affect the min-
mented with respiratory protection in er’s ability to wear the respirator.
accordance with § 57.5005(a), (b), and (7) Upon written notification that the
paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(8) of this PLHCP has determined that the miner
section. is unable to wear a respirator, includ-
(1) Air purifying respirators must be ing a PAPR, the miner must be trans-
equipped with the following: ferred to work in an existing position
(i) Filters certified by NIOSH under in an area of the same mine where res-
30 CFR part 11 (appearing in the July 1, piratory protection is not required.
1994 edition of 30 CFR, parts 1 to 199) as The miner must be transferred within
a high efficiency particulate air 30 days of the final determination by
(HEPA) filter; the PLHCP.
(ii) Filters certified by NIOSH under (i) The miner must continue to re-
42 CFR part 84 as 99.97% efficient; or ceive compensation at no less than the
(iii) Filters certified by NIOSH for regular rate of pay in the classification
DPM. held by that miner immediately prior
(2) Non-powered, negative-pressure, to the transfer.
air purifying, particulate-filter res- (ii) Increases in wages of the trans-
pirators shall use an R- or P-series fil- ferred miner must be based upon the
ter or any filter certified by NIOSH for new work classification.
373
§ 57.5061 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(8) The mine operator must maintain § 57.5066 Maintenance standards.

a record of the identity of the PLHCP (a) Any diesel powered equipment op-
and the most recent written deter- erated at any time in underground
mination of each miner’s ability to areas must meet the following mainte-
wear a respirator for the duration of nance standards:
the miner’s employment plus six (1) The operator must maintain any
months. approved engine in approved condition;
(e) Rotation of miners shall not be (2) The operator must maintain the
considered an acceptable administra- emission related components of any
tive control used for compliance with non-approved engine to manufacturer
the DPM standard. specifications; and
(3) The operator must maintain any
[70 FR 32966, June 6, 2005; 70 FR 37901, June emission or particulate control device
30, 2005, as amended at 70 FR 55019, Sept. 19, installed on the equipment in effective
2005; 71 FR 29011, 29012, May 18, 2006; 71 FR operating condition.
36483, June 27, 2006]
(b)(1) A mine operator must author-
ize each miner operating diesel-pow-
§ 57.5061 Compliance determinations.
ered equipment underground to affix a
(a) MSHA will use a single sample visible and dated tag to the equipment
collected and analyzed by the Sec- when the miner notes evidence that the
retary in accordance with the require- equipment may require maintenance in
ments of this section as an adequate order to comply with the maintenance
basis for a determination of noncompli- standards of paragraph (a) of this sec-
ance with the DPM limit. tion. The term evidence means visible
(b) The Secretary will collect sam- smoke or odor that is unusual for that
ples of DPM by using a respirable dust piece of equipment under normal oper-
sampler equipped with a submicrom- ating procedures, or obvious or visible
defects in the exhaust emissions con-
eter impactor and analyze the samples
trol system or in the engine affecting
for the amount of elemental carbon
emissions.
using the method described in NIOSH (2) A mine operator must ensure that
Analytical Method 5040, except that any equipment tagged pursuant to this
the Secretary also may use any meth- section is promptly examined by a per-
ods of collection and analysis subse- son authorized to maintain diesel
quently determined by NIOSH to pro- equipment, and that the affixed tag not
vide equal or improved accuracy for be removed until the examination has
the measurement of DPM. been completed. The term promptly
(c) The Secretary will use full-shift means before the end of the next shift
personal sampling for compliance de- during which a qualified mechanic is
terminations. scheduled to work.
(3) A mine operator must retain a log
[70 FR 32966, June 6, 2005]
of any equipment tagged pursuant to
this section. The log must include the
§ 57.5065 Fueling practices.
date the equipment is tagged, the date
(a) Diesel fuel used to power equip- the equipment is examined, the name
ment in underground areas must not of the person examining the equip-
have a sulfur content greater than 0.05 ment, and any action taken as a result
percent. The operator must retain pur- of the examination. The operator must
chase records that demonstrate compli- retain the information in the log for
ance with this requirement for one one year after the date the tagged
year after the date of purchase. equipment was examined.
(b) The operator must only use fuel (c) Persons authorized by a mine op-
additives registered by the U.S. Envi- erator to maintain diesel equipment
ronmental Protection Agency in diesel covered by paragraph (a) of this section
powered equipment operated in under- must be qualified, by virtue of training
ground areas. or experience, to ensure that the main-
tenance standards of paragraph (a) of
[66 FR 5907, Jan. 19, 2001; 66 FR 35520, July 5, this section are observed. An operator
2001] must retain appropriate evidence of the
374
competence of any person to perform § 57.5067 Engines.

specific maintenance tasks in compli- (a) Any diesel engine introduced into
ance with those standards for one year an underground area of a mine covered
after the date of any maintenance, and by this part after July 5, 2001, other
upon request must provide the docu- than an engine in an ambulance or fire
mentation to the authorized represent- fighting equipment which is utilized in
ative of the Secretary. accordance with mine fire fighting and
[66 FR 5907, Jan. 19, 2001, as amended at 67 evacuation plans, must either:
FR 9184, Feb. 27, 2002] (1) Have affixed a plate evidencing
approval of the engine pursuant to sub-
EFFECTIVE DATE NOTE: At 66 FR 5907, Jan. part E of Part 7 of this title or pursu-
19, 2001, § 57.5066 was added, effective July 5,
2001, except for paragraph (b). At 66 FR 35518,
ant to Part 36 of this title; or
July 5, 2001, the effective date of paragraph (2) Meet or exceed the applicable par-
(b) was delayed pending disposition of cur- ticulate matter emission requirements
rent litigation challenging the rule. At 67 FR of the Environmental Protection Ad-
9184, Feb. 27, 2002, paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) ministration listed in Table 57.5067–1,
were revised, effective Mar. 29, 2002. as follows:
TABLE 57.5067–1
EPA requirement EPA category PM limit
40 CFR 86.094–8(a)(1)(i)(A)(2) ................. light duty vehicle ...................................... 0.1 g/mile.

40 CFR 86.094–9(a)(1)(i)(A)(2) ................. light duty truck ......................................... 0.1 g/mile.
40 CFR 86.094–11(a)(1)(iv)(B) ................. heavy duty highway engine ..................... 0.1 g/bhp-hr.
40 CFR 89.112(a) ...................................... nonroad (tier, power range) .................... varies by power range:
tier 1 kW<8 (hp<11) ................................ 1.0 g/kW-hr (0.75 g/bhp-hr).
............................................................... tier 1 8≤kW<19 (11≤hp<25) .................... 0.80 g/kW-hr (0.60 g/bhp-hr).
............................................................... tier 1 19≤kW<37 (25≤hp<50) .................. 0.80 g/kW-hr (0.60 g/bhp-hr).
............................................................... tier 2 37≤kW<75 (50≤hp<100) ................ 0.40 g/kW-hr (0.30 g/bhp-hr).
............................................................... tier 2 75≤kW<130 (100≤hp<175) ............ 0.30 g/kW-hr (0.22 g/bhp-hr).
............................................................... tier 1 130≤kW<225 (175≤hp<300) .......... 0.54 g/kW-hr (0.40 g/bhp-hr).
............................................................... tier 1 kW≥560 (hp≥750) .......................... 0.54 g/kW-hr (0.40 g/bhp-hr).
NOTES:
‘‘g’’ means grams.
‘‘hp’’ means horsepower.
‘‘g/bhp-hr’’ means grams/brake horsepower-hour.
‘‘kW’’ means kilowatt.
‘‘g/kW-hr’’ means grams/kilowatt-hour.
(b) For purposes of paragraph (a): mine operated by the same mine oper-
(1) The term ‘‘introduced’’ means any ator.
engine added to the underground inven- [66 FR 5907, Jan. 19, 2001, as amended at 66
tory of engines of the mine in question, FR 27864, May 21, 2001; 67 FR 9184, Feb. 27,
including: 2002]
(i) An engine in newly purchased
equipment; § 57.5070 Miner training.
(ii) An engine in used equipment (a) Mine operators must provide an-
brought into the mine; and nual training to all miners at a mine
(iii) A replacement engine that has a covered by this part who can reason-
different serial number than the engine ably be expected to be exposed to diesel
emissions on that property. The train-
it is replacing; but
ing must include—
(2) The term ‘‘introduced’’ does not (1) The health risks associated with
include engines that were previously exposure to diesel particulate matter;
part of the mine inventory and rebuilt. (2) The methods used in the mine to
(3) The term introduced does not in- control diesel particulate matter con-
clude the transfer of engines or equip- centrations;
ment from the inventory of one under- (3) Identification of the personnel re-
ground mine to another underground sponsible for maintaining those con-

trols; and
375
§ 57.5071 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(4) Actions miners must take to en- board, initiate corrective action by the
sure the controls operate as intended. next work shift, and promptly com-
(b) An operator must retain a record plete such corrective action.
at the mine site of the training re- (d)(1) The results of monitoring for
quired by this section for one year diesel particulate matter, including
after completion of the training. any results received by a mine operator
from sampling performed by the Sec-
§ 57.5071 Exposure monitoring. retary, must be posted on the mine bul-
(a) Mine operators must monitor as letin board within 15 days of receipt
often as necessary to effectively deter- and must remain posted for 30 days.
mine, under conditions that can be rea- The operator must provide a copy of
sonably anticipated in the mine, the results to the authorized represent-
whether the average personal full-shift ative of miners.
airborne exposure to DPM exceeds the (2) The mine operator must retain for
DPM limit specified in § 57.5060. five years (from the date of sampling),
the results of any samples the operator
(b) The mine operator must provide
collected as a result of monitoring
affected miners and their representa-
under this section, and information
tives with an opportunity to observe
about the sampling method used for ob-
exposure monitoring required by this
taining the samples.
section. Mine operators must give prior
notice to affected miners and their rep- [70 FR 32966, June 6, 2005]
resentatives of the date and time of in-
tended monitoring. § 57.5075 Diesel particulate records.
(c) If any monitoring performed (a) The table entitled ‘‘Diesel Partic-
under this section indicates that a ulate Matter Recordkeeping Require-
miner’s exposure to diesel particulate ments’’ lists the records the operator
matter exceeds the DPM limit specified must maintain pursuant to §§ 57.5060
in § 57.5060, the operator must promptly through 57.5071, and the duration for
post notice of the corrective action which particular records need to be re-
being taken on the mine bulletin tained.
TABLE 57.5075(a)—DIESEL PARTICULATE RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS
Section
Record Retention time
reference
1. Approved application for extension of time to § 57.5060(c) ............... Duration of extension.

comply with exposure limits.
2. Identity of PLHCP and most recent written de- § 57.5060(d) ............... Duration of miner’s employment plus 6 months.
termination of miner’s ability to wear a respirator.
3. Purchase records noting sulfur content of diesel § 57.5065(a) ............... 1 year beyond date of purchase.
fuel.
4. Maintenance log .................................................. § 57.5066(b) ............... 1 year after date any equipment is tagged.
5. Evidence of competence to perform mainte- § 57.5066(c) ............... 1 year after date maintenance performed.
nance.
6. Annual training provided to potentially exposed § 57.5070(b) ............... 1 year beyond date training completed.
miners.
7. Record of corrective action ................................. § 57.5071(c) ............... Until the corrective action is completed.
8. Sampling method used to effectively evaluate a § 57.5071(d) ............... 5 years from sample date.
miner’s personal exposure, and sample results.
(b)(1) Any record listed in this sec- Human Services, or from the author-
tion which is required to be retained at ized representative of miners, mine op-
the mine site may, notwithstanding erators must promptly provide access
such requirement, be retained else- to any record listed in the table in this
where if the mine operator can imme- section.
diately access the record from the (3) An operator must provide access
mine site by electronic transmission. to a miner, former miner, or, with the
(2) Upon request from an authorized miner’s or former miner’s written con-
representative of the Secretary of sent, a personal representative of a

Labor, the Secretary of Health and miner, to any record required to be
376
maintained pursuant to § 57.5071 or leased by a liquid to form a flammable

§ 57.5060(d) to the extent the informa- vapor-air mixture near the surface of
tion pertains to the miner or former the liquid.
miner. The operator must provide the Igniter cord. A fuse that burns pro-
first copy of a requested record at no gressively along its length with an ex-
cost, and any additional copies at rea- ternal flame at the zone of burning,
sonable cost. used for lighting a series of safety fuses
(4) Whenever an operator ceases to do in a desired sequence.
business, that operator must transfer Magazine. A bullet-resistant, theft-
all records required to be maintained resistant, fire-resistant, weather-re-
by this part, or a copy thereof, to any sistant, ventilated facility for the stor-
successor operator who must maintain age of explosives and detonators (BATF
them for the required period. Type 1 or Type 2 facility).
Misfire. The complete or partial fail-
[70 FR 32966, June 6, 2005; 70 FR 37901, June
30, 2005; 71 FR 29012, May 18, 2006] ure of explosive material to detonate
as planned. The term also is used to de-
scribe the explosive material itself
Subpart E—Explosives that has failed to detonate.
Primer. A unit, package, or cartridge
SOURCE: 61 FR 36801, July 12, 1996, unless of explosives which contains a deto-
otherwise noted. nator and is used to initiate other ex-
plosives or blasting agents.
Safety switch. A switch that provides
The following definitions apply in shunt protection in blasting circuits
this subpart. between the blast site and the switch
Blasting agent. Any substance classi- used to connect a power source to the
fied as a blasting agent by the Depart- blasting circuit.
ment of Transportation in 49 CFR Slurry. An explosive material con-
173.114a(a). This document is available taining substantial portions of a liquid,
at any MSHA Metal and Nonmetal oxidizers, and fuel, plus a thickener.
Safety and Health district office. Water gel. An explosive material con-
Detonating cord. A flexible cord containing substantial portions of water,
taining a center core of high explosives oxidizers, and fuel, plus a cross-linking
which may be used to initiate other ex- agent.
plosives.
Detonator. Any device containing a
FR 38385, June 4, 2002; 68 FR 32361, May 30,
detonating charge used to initiate an 2003; 69 FR 38842, June 29, 2004; 85 FR 2027,
explosive. These devices include elec- Jan. 14, 2020]
tronic detonators, electric or nonelec-
tric instantaneous or delay blasting STORAGE—SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND
caps, and delay connectors. The term
‘‘detonator’’ does not include deto- § 57.6100 Separation of stored explo-
nating cord. Detonators may be either sive material.
‘‘Class A’’ detonators or ‘‘Class C’’ det- (a) Detonators shall not be stored in
onators, as classified by the Depart- the same magazine with other explo-
ment of Transportation in 49 CFR sive material.
173.53 and 173.100, which is available at (b) When stored in the same maga-
any MSHA Metal and Nonmetal Safety zine, blasting agents shall be separated
and Health district office. from explosives, safety fuse, and deto-
Explosive. Any substance classified as nating cord to prevent contamination.
an explosive by the Department of
Transportation in 49 CFR 173.53, 173.88, § 57.6101 Areas around explosive mate-
and 173.100. This document is available rial storage facilities.
at any MSHA Metal and Nonmetal (a) Areas surrounding storage facili-
Safety and Health district office. ties for explosive material shall be
Explosive material. Explosives, blast- clear of rubbish, brush, dry grass, and
ing agents, and detonators. trees for 25 feet in all directions, except
Flash point. The minimum tempera- that live trees 10 feet or taller need not
ture at which sufficient vapor is re- be removed.
377
§ 57.6102 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(b) Other combustibles shall not be § 57.6131 Location of explosive mate-

stored or allowed to accumulate within rial storage facilities.
50 feet of explosive material. Combus- (a) Storage facilities for any explo-
tible liquids shall be stored in a man- sive material shall be—
ner that ensures drainage will occur (1) Located so that the forces gen-
away from the explosive material stor- erated by a storage facility explosion
age facility in case of tank rupture. will not create a hazard to occupants
in mine buildings and will not damage
§ 57.6102 Explosive material storage dams or electric substations; and
practices. (2) Detached structures located out-
(a) Explosive material shall be— side the blast area and a sufficient dis-
(1) Stored in a manner to facilitate tance from powerlines so that the
use of oldest stocks first; powerlines, if damaged, would not con-
tact the magazines.
(2) Stored according to brand and
(b) Operators should also be aware of
grade in such a manner as to facilitate
regulations affecting storage facilities
identification; and in 27 CFR part 55, in particular, 27 CFR
(3) Stacked in a stable manner but 55.218 and 55.220. This document is
not more than 8 feet high. available at any MSHA Metal and
(b) Explosives and detonators shall be Nonmetal Safety and Health district
stored in closed nonconductive con- office.
tainers except that nonelectric deto-
nating devices may be stored on non- § 57.6132 Magazine requirements.
conductive racks provided the case-in- (a) Magazines shall be—
sert instructions and the date-plant- (1) Structurally sound;
shift code are maintained with the (2) Noncombustible or the exterior
product. covered with fire-resistant material;
(3) Bullet resistant;
STORAGE—SURFACE ONLY (4) Made of nonsparking material on
the inside;
§ 57.6130 Explosive material storage (5) Ventilated to control dampness
facilities. and excessive heating within the maga-
(a) Detonators and explosives shall be zine;
stored in magazines. (6) Posted with the appropriate
(b) Packaged blasting agents shall be United States Department of Transpor-
tation placards or other appropriate
stored in a magazine or other facility
warning signs that indicate the con-
which is ventilated to prevent damp-
tents and are visible from each ap-
ness and excessive heating, weather-re-
proach, so located that a bullet passing
sistant, and locked or attended. Drop through any of the signs will not strike
trailers do not have to be ventilated if the magazine;
they are currently licensed by the Fed- (7) Kept clean and dry inside;
eral, State, or local authorities for (8) Unlighted or lighted by devices
over-the-road use. Facilities other than that are specifically designed for use in
magazines used to store blasting magazines and which do not create a
agents shall contain only blasting fire or explosion hazard;
agents. (9) Unheated or heated only with de-
(c) Bulk blasting agents shall be vices that do not create a fire or explo-
stored in weather-resistant bins or sion hazard;
tanks which are locked, attended, or (10) Locked when unattended; and
otherwise inaccessible to unauthorized (11) Used exclusively for the storage
entry. of explosive material except for essen-
(d) Facilities, bins or tanks shall be tial nonsparking equipment used for
posted with the appropriate United the operation of the magazine.
(b) Metal magazines shall be
States Department of Transportation
equipped with electrical bonding con-
placards or other appropriate warning
nections between all conductive por-
signs that indicate the contents and tions so the entire structure is at the
are visible from each approach. same electrical potential. Suitable
378
electrical bonding methods include (NARA). For information on the avail-

welding, riveting, or the use of securely ability of this material at NARA, call
tightened bolts where individual metal 202–741–6030, or go to: http://
portions are joined. Conductive por- www.archives.gov/federallregister/
tions of nonmetal magazines shall be codeloflfederallregulations/
grounded. ibrllocations.html.
(c) Electrical switches and outlets
shall be located on the outside of the
FR 38385, June 4, 2002; 80 FR 52988, Sept. 2,
magazine. 2015]
§ 57.6133 Powder chests.
STORAGE—UNDERGROUND ONLY
(a) Powder chests (day boxes) shall
be— § 57.6160 Main facilities.
(1) Structurally sound, weather-re-
(a) Main facilities used to store ex-
sistant, equipped with a lid or cover,
plosive material underground shall be
and with only nonsparking material on
located—
the inside;
(2) Posted with the appropriate (1) In stable or supported ground;
United States Department of Transpor- (2) So that a fire or explosion in the
tation placards or other appropriate storage facilities will not prevent es-
warning signs that indicate the con- cape from the mine, or cause detona-
tents and are visible from each ap- tion of the contents of another storage
proach; facility;
(3) Located out of the blast area once (3) Out of the line of blasts, and pro-
loading has been completed; tected from vehicular traffic, except
(4) Locked or attended when con- that accessing the facility;
taining explosive material; and (4) At least 200 feet from work places
(5) Emptied at the end of each shift or shafts;
with the contents returned to a maga- (5) At least 50 feet from electric sub-
zine or other storage facility, or at- stations;
tended. (6) A safe distance from trolley wires;
(b) Detonators shall be kept in chests and
separate from explosives or blasting (7) At least 25 feet from detonator
agents, unless separated by 4 inches of storage facilities.
hardwood or equivalent, or a laminated (b) Main facilities used to store ex-
partition. When a laminated partition plosive material underground shall
is used, operators must follow the pro- be—
visions of the Institute of Makers of
(1) Posted with warning signs that in-
Explosives (IME) Safety Library Publi-
dicate the contents and are visible
cation No. 22, ‘‘Recommendations for
from any approach;
the Safe Transportation of Detonators
(2) Used exclusively for the storage of
in a Vehicle with Other Explosive Ma-
explosive material and necessary
terials’’ (May 1993), and the ‘‘Generic
equipment associated with explosive
Loading Guide for the IME–22 Con-
material storage and delivery:
tainer’’ (October 1993). The IME is lo-
cated at 1120 19th Street NW., Suite 310, (i) Portions of the facility used for
Washington, DC 20036–3605; 202–429–9280; the storage of explosives shall only
https://www.ime.org. This incorporation contain nonsparking material or equip-
by reference has been approved by the ment.
Director of the Federal Register in ac- (ii) The blasting agent portion of the
cordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR facility may be used for the storage of
part 51. Copies are available at MSHA’s other necessary equipment;
Office of Standards, Regulations, and (3) Kept clean, suitably dry, and or-
Variances, 201 12th Street South, Ar- derly;
lington, VA 22202–5452; 202–693–9440; and (4) Provided with unobstructed ven-
at all Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety tilation openings;
and Health District Offices, or avail- (5) Kept securely locked unless all ac-
able for inspection at the National Ar- cess to the mine is either locked or at-
chives and Records Administration tended; and
379
§ 57.6161 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(6) Unlighted or lighted only with de- blasting agents provided the deto-
vices that do not create a fire or explo- nators are—
sion hazard and which are specifically (1) Maintained in the original pack-
designed for use in magazines. aging as shipped from the manufac-
(c) Electrical switches and outlets turer; and
shall be located outside the facility. (2) Separated from explosives or
blasting agents by 4 inches of hardwood
§ 57.6161 Auxiliary facilities. or equivalent, or a laminated partition.
(a) Auxiliary facilities used to store The hardwood or equivalent shall be
explosive material near work places fastened to the vehicle or conveyance.
shall be wooden, box-type containers When a laminated partition is used, op-
equipped with covers or doors, or facili- erators must follow the provisions of
ties constructed or mined-out to pro- the Institute of Makers of Explosives
vide equivalent impact resistance and (IME) Safety Library Publication No.
confinement. 22, ‘‘Recommendations for the Safe
(b) The auxiliary facilities shall be— Transportation of Detonators in a Ve-
(1) Constructed of nonsparking mate- hicle with Other Explosive Materials’’
rial on the inside when used for the (May 1993), and the ‘‘Generic Loading
storage of explosives; Guide for the IME–22 Container’’ (Octo-
(2) Kept clean, suitably dry, and or- ber 1993). The IME is located at 1120
derly; 19th Street NW., Suite 310, Washington,
(3) Kept in repair; DC 20036–3605; 202–429–9280; https://
(4) Located out of the line of blasts so www.ime.org. This incorporation by ref-
they will not be subjected to damaging erence has been approved by the Direc-
shock or flyrock; tor of the Federal Register in accord-
(5) Identified with warning signs or ance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR
coded to indicate the contents with part 51. Copies are available at MSHA’s
markings visible from any approach; Office of Standards, Regulations, and
(6) Located at least 15 feet from all Variances, 201 12th Street South, Ar-
haulageways and electrical equipment, lington, VA 22202–5452; 202–693–9440; and
or placed entirely within a mined-out at all Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety
recess in the rib used exclusively for and Health District Offices, or avail-
explosive material; able for examination at the National
(7) Filled with no more than a one- Archives and Records Administration
week supply of explosive material; (NARA). For information on the avail-
(8) Separated by at least 25 feet from ability of this material at NARA, call
other facilities used to store deto- 202–741–6030, or go to: http://
nators; and www.archives.gov/federallregister/
(9) Kept securely locked unless all ac- codeloflfederallregulations/
cess to the mine is either locked or at- ibrllocations.html.
tended. (b) Detonators in quantities of 1,000
or fewer may be transported with ex-
TRANSPORTATION—SURFACE AND plosives or blasting agents provided the
UNDERGROUND detonators are—
(1) Kept in closed containers; and
§ 57.6200 Delivery to storage or blast (2) Separated from explosives or
site areas. blasting agents by 4 inches of hardwood
Explosive material shall be trans- or equivalent, or a laminated partition.
ported without undue delay to the stor- The hardwood or equivalent shall be
age area or blast site. fastened to the vehicle or conveyance.
When a laminated partition is used, op-
§ 57.6201 Separation of transported ex- erators must follow the provisions of
plosive material. IME Safety Library Publication No. 22,
Detonators shall not be transported ‘‘Recommendations for the Safe Trans-
on the same vehicle or conveyance portation of Detonators in a Vehicle
with other explosives except as follows: with Other Explosive Materials’’ (May
(a) Detonators in quantities of more 1993), and the ‘‘Generic Loading Guide
than 1,000 may be transported in a ve- for the IME–22 Container’’ (October
hicle or conveyance with explosives or 1993). The IME is located at 1120 19th
380
Street NW., Suite 310, Washington, DC (iii) The engine shut off unless
20036–3605; 202–429–9280; https:// powering a device being used in the
www.ime.org. This incorporation by ref- loading operation.
erence has been approved by the Direc- (b) Vehicles containing explosives
tor of the Federal Register in accord- shall have—
ance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR (1) No sparking material exposed in
part 51. Copies are available at MSHA’s the cargo space; and
Office of Standards, Regulations, and (2) Only properly secured non-
Variances, 201 12th Street South, Ar-
sparking equipment in the cargo space
lington, VA 22202–5452; 202–693–9440; and
with the explosives.
at all Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety
and Health District Offices, or avail- (c) Vehicles used for dispensing bulk
able for examination at the National explosive material shall—
Archives and Records Administration (1) Have no zinc or copper exposed in
(NARA). For information on the avail- the cargo space; and
ability of this material at NARA, call (2) Provide any enclosed screw-type
202–741–6030, or go to: http:// conveyors with protection against in-
www.archives.gov/federallregister/ ternal pressure and frictional heat.
codeloflfederallregulations/
ibrllocations.html. § 57.6203 Locomotives.
[61 FR 36801, July 12, 1996, as amended at 67 Explosive material shall not be
FR 38385, June 4, 2002; 80 FR 52988, Sept. 2, transported on a locomotive. When ex-
2015] plosive material is hauled by trolley
locomotive, covered, electrically insu-
§ 57.6202 Vehicles. lated cars shall be used.
(a) Vehicles containing explosive ma-
terial shall be— § 57.6204 Hoists.
(1) Maintained in good condition and (a) Before explosive material is
shall comply with the requirements of transported in hoist conveyances—
subpart M of this part; (1) The hoist operator shall be noti-
(2) Equipped with sides and enclo- fied; and
sures higher than the explosive mate- (2) Hoisting in adjacent shaft com-
rial being transported or have the ex- partments, except for empty convey-
plosive material secured to a non-
ances or counterweights, shall be
conductive pallet;
stopped until transportation of the ex-
(3) Equipped with a cargo space that
plosive material is completed.
shall contain the explosive material
(passenger areas shall not be consid- (b) Explosive material transported in
ered cargo space); hoist conveyances shall be placed with-
(4) Equipped with at least two multi- in a container which prevents shifting
purpose dry-chemical fire extin- of the cargo that could cause detona-
guishers or one such extinguisher and tion of the container by impact or by
an automatic fire suppression system; sparks. The manufacturer’s container
(5) Posted with warning signs that in- may be used if secured to a nonconduc-
dicate the contents and are visible tive pallet. When explosives are trans-
from each approach; ported, they shall be secured so as not
(6) Occupied only by persons nec- to contact any sparking material.
essary for handling the explosive mate- (c) No explosive material shall be
rial; transported during a mantrip.
(7) Attended or the cargo compart-
ment locked at surface areas of under- § 57.6205 Conveying explosives by
ground mines, except when parked at hand.
the blast site and loading is in Closed, nonconductive containers
progress; and shall be used to carry explosives and
(8) Secured while parked by having— detonators to and from blast sites. Sep-
(i) The brakes set;
arate containers shall be used for ex-

(ii) The wheels chocked if movement plosives and detonators.
could occur; and
381
§ 57.6300 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
USE—SURFACE AND as practical after loading operations

UNDERGROUND are completed.
§ 57.6300 Control of blasting oper- § 57.6306 Loading, blasting, and secu-
ations. rity.
(a) Only persons trained and experi- (a) When explosive materials or initi-
enced in the handling and use of explo- ating systems are brought to the blast
sive material shall direct blasting op- site, the blast site shall be attended;
erations and related activities. barricaded and posted with warning
(b) Trainees and inexperienced per- signs, such as ‘‘Danger,’’ ‘‘Explosives,’’
sons shall work only in the immediate or ‘‘Keep Out;’’ or flagged against un-
presence of persons trained and experi- authorized entry.
enced in the handling and use of explo-
(b) Vehicles and equipment shall not
sive material.
be driven over explosive material or
§ 57.6301 Blasthole obstruction check. initiating systems in a manner which
could contact the material or system,
Before loading, blastholes shall be or create other hazards.
checked and, wherever possible, cleared
(c) Once loading begins, the only ac-
of obstructions.
tivities permitted within the blast site
§ 57.6302 Separation of explosive mate- shall be those activities directly re-
rial. lated to the blasting operation and the
activities of surveying, stemming,
Explosives and blasting agents shall
sampling of geology, and reopening of
be kept separated from detonators
holes, provided that reasonable care is
until loading begins.
exercised. Haulage activity is per-
§ 57.6303 Initiation preparation. mitted near the base of bench faces
being loaded or awaiting firing, pro-
(a) Primers shall be made up only at vided no other haulage access exists.
the time of use and as close to the
(d) Loading and blasting shall be con-
blast site as conditions allow.
ducted in a manner designed to facili-
(b) Primers shall be prepared with
tate a continuous process, with the
the detonator contained securely and
blast fired as soon as possible following
completely within the explosive or con-
the completion of loading. If blasting a
tained securely and appropriately for
loaded round may be delayed for more
its design in the tunnel or cap well.
(c) When using detonating cord to than 72 hours, the operator shall notify
initiate another explosive, a connec- the appropriate MSHA district office.
tion shall be prepared with the deto- (e) In electric blasting prior to con-
nating cord threaded through, attached necting to the power source, and in
securely to, or otherwise in contact nonelectric blasting prior to attaching
with the explosive. an initiating device, all persons shall
leave the blast area except persons in a
§ 57.6304 Primer protection. blasting shelter or other location that
(a) Tamping shall not be done di- protects them from concussion (shock
rectly on a primer. wave), flying material, and gases.
(b) Rigid cartridges of explosives or (f) Before firing a blast—
blasting agents that are 4 inches (100 (1) Ample warning shall be given to
millimeters) in diameter or larger shall allow all persons to be evacuated;
not be dropped on the primer except (2) Clear exit routes shall be provided
where the blasthole contains sufficient for persons firing the round; and
depth of water to protect the primer (3) All access routes to the blast area
from impact. Slit packages of prill, shall be guarded or barricaded to pre-
water gel, or emulsions are not consid- vent the passage of persons or vehicles.
ered rigid cartridges and may be drop (g) Work shall not be resumed in the
loaded. blast area until a post-blast examina-
tion addressing potential blast-related
§ 57.6305 Unused explosive material. hazards has been conducted by a person
Unused explosive material shall be with the ability and experience to per-
moved to a protected location as soon form the examination.
382
§ 57.6307 Drill stem loading. ment not later than the end of the
Explosive material shall not be load- shift.
ed into blastholes with drill stem § 57.6312 Secondary blasting.
equipment or other devices that could
be extracted while containing explosive Secondary blasts fired at the same
material. The use of loading hose, col- time in the same work area shall be
lar sleeves, or collar pipes is permitted. initiated from one source.
§ 57.6308 Initiation systems. ELECTRIC BLASTING—SURFACE AND

UNDERGROUND
Initiation systems shall be used in
accordance with the manufacturer’s in- § 57.6400 Compatibility of electric det-
structions. onators.
§ 57.6309 Fuel oil requirements for All electric detonators to be fired in
ANFO. a round shall be from the same manu-
(a) Liquid hydrocarbon fuels with facturer and shall have similar elec-
flash points lower than that of No. 2 trical firing characteristics.
diesel oil (125 °F) shall not be used to
§ 57.6401 Shunting.
prepare ammonium nitrate-fuel oil, ex-
cept that diesel fuels with flash points Except during testing—
no lower than 100 °F may be used at (a) Electric detonators shall be kept
ambient air temperatures below 45 °F. shunted until connected to the blasting
(b) Waste oil, including crankcase line or wired into a blasting round;
oil, shall not be used to prepare ammo- (b) Wired rounds shall be kept shunt-
nium nitrate-fuel oil. ed until connected to the blasting line;
and
§ 57.6310 Misfire waiting period. (c) Blasting lines shall be kept shunt-
When a misfire is suspected, persons ed until immediately before blasting.
shall not enter the blast area—
(a) For 30 minutes if safety fuse and § 57.6402 Deenergized circuits near
blasting caps are used; detonators.
(b) For 15 minutes if any other type Electrical distribution circuits with-
detonators are used; or in 50 feet of electric detonators at the
(c) For 30 minutes if electronic deto- blast site shall be deenergized. Such
nators are used, or for the manufac- circuits need not be deenergized be-
turer-recommended time, whichever is tween 25 to 50 feet of the electric deto-
longer. nators if stray current tests, conducted
[61 FR 36801, July 12, 1996, as amended at 85 as frequently as necessary, indicate a
FR 2027, Jan. 14, 2020] maximum stray current of less than
0.05 ampere through a 1-ohm resistor as
§ 57.6311 Handling of misfires. measured at the blast site.
(a) Faces and muck piles shall be ex-
§ 57.6403 Branch circuits.
amined for misfires after each blasting
operation. (a) If electric blasting includes the
(b) Only work necessary to remove a use of branch circuits, each branch
misfire and protect the safety of min- shall be equipped with a safety switch
ers engaged in the removal shall be or equivalent method to isolate the cir-
permitted in the affected area until the cuits to be used.
misfire is disposed of in a safe manner. (b) At least one safety switch or
(c) When a misfire cannot be disposed equivalent method of protection shall
of safely, each approach to the area af- be located outside the blast area and
fected by the misfire shall be posted shall be in the open position until per-
with a warning sign at a conspicuous sons are withdrawn.
location to prohibit entry, and the con-
dition shall be reported immediately to § 57.6404 Separation of blasting cir-
mine management. cuits from power source.
(d) Misfires occurring during the (a) Switches used to connect the
shift shall be reported to mine manage- power source to a blasting circuit shall
383
§ 57.6405 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
be locked in the open position except (2) Continuity of blasting lines prior
when closed to fire the blast. to the connection of electric or elec-
(b) Lead wires shall not be connected tronic detonators.
to the blasting switch until the shot is
ready to be fired. FR 2027, Jan. 14, 2020]
§ 57.6405 Firing devices. NONELECTRIC BLASTING—SURFACE AND
(a) Power sources shall be capable of UNDERGROUND
delivering sufficient current to ener-
gize all electric detonators to be fired § 57.6500 Damaged initiating material.
with the type of circuits used. Storage A visual check of the completed cir-
or dry cell batteries are not permitted cuit shall be made to ensure that the
as power sources. components are properly aligned and
(b) Blasting machines shall be tested, connected. Safety fuse, igniter cord,
repaired, and maintained in accordance detonating cord, shock or gas tubing,
with manufacturer’s instructions. and similar material which is kinked,
(c) Only the blaster shall have the bent sharply, or damaged shall not be
key or other control to an electrical used.
firing device.
§ 57.6501 Nonelectric initiation sys-
§ 57.6406 Duration of current flow. tems.
If any part of a blast is connected in (a) When the nonelectric initiation
parallel and is to be initiated from system uses shock tube—
powerlines or lighting circuits, the (1) Connections with other initiation
time of current flow shall be limited to devices shall be secured in a manner
a maximum of 25 milliseconds. This which provides for uninterrupted prop-
can be accomplished by incorporating agation;
an arcing control device in the blasting (2) Factory-made units shall be used
circuit or by interrupting the circuit as assembled and shall not be cut ex-
with an explosive device attached to cept that a single splice is permitted
one or both lead lines and initiated by on the lead-in trunkline during dry
a 25-millisecond delay electric deto- conditions; and
nator. (3) Connections between blastholes
shall not be made until immediately
§ 57.6407 Circuit testing. prior to clearing the blast site when
A blasting galvanometer or other in- surface delay detonators are used.
strument designed for testing blasting (b) When the nonelectric initiation
circuits shall be used to test the fol- system uses detonating cord—
lowing: (1) The line of detonating cord ex-
(a) In surface operations— tending out of a blasthole shall be cut
(1) Continuity of each electric deto- from the supply spool immediately
nator in the blasthole prior to stem- after the attached explosive is cor-
ming and connection to the blasting rectly positioned in the hole;
line; (2) In multiple row blasts, the trunk-
(2) Resistance of individual series or line layout shall be designed so that
the resistance of multiple balanced se- the detonation can reach each
ries to be connected in parallel prior to blasthole from at least two directions;
their connection to the blasting line; (3) Connections shall be tight and
(3) Continuity of blasting lines prior kept at right angles to the trunkline;
to the connection of electric or elec- (4) Detonators shall be attached se-
tronic detonator series; and curely to the side of the detonating
(4) Total blasting circuit resistance cord and pointed in the direction in
prior to connection to the power which detonation is to proceed;
source. (5) Connections between blastholes
(b) In underground operations— shall not be made until immediately
(1) Continuity of each electric deto- prior to clearing the blast site when
nator series; and surface delay detonators are used; and
384
(6) Lead-in lines shall be manually EXTRANEOUS ELECTRICITY—SURFACE

unreeled if connected to the trunklines AND UNDERGROUND
at the blast site.
(c) When nonelectric initiation sys- § 57.6600 Loading practices.
tems use gas tube, continuity of the If extraneous electricity is suspected
circuit shall be tested prior to blasting. in an area where electric detonators
are used, loading shall be suspended
§ 57.6502 Safety fuse.
until tests determine that stray cur-
(a) The burning rate of each spool of rent does not exceed 0.05 amperes
safety fuse to be used shall be meas- through a 1-ohm resister when meas-
ured, posted in locations which will be ured at the location of the electric det-
conspicuous to safety fuse users, and onators. If greater levels of extraneous
brought to the attention of all persons electricity are found, the source shall
involved with the blasting operation. be determined and no loading shall
(b) When firing with safety fuse ig- take place until the condition is cor-
nited individually using handheld rected.
lighters, the safety fuse shall be of
lengths which provide at least the min- § 57.6601 Grounding.
imum burning time for a particular
Electric blasting circuits, including
size round, as specified in the following
powerline sources when used, shall not
table:
be grounded.
TABLE E–1—SAFETY FUSE—MINIMUM BURNING
TIME § 57.6602 Static electricity dissipation
during loading.
Minimum When explosive material is loaded
Number of holes in a round burning time
pneumatically into a blasthole in a
1 ......................................................... 2min. 1 manner that generates a static elec-
2–5 ..................................................... 2 min. 40 sec.
6–10 ................................................... 3 min. 20 sec.
tricity hazard—
11 to 15 ............................................. 5 min. (a) An evaluation of the potential
1 For example, at least a 36-inch length of 40-second-per- static electricity hazard shall be made
foot safety fuse or at least a 48-inch length of 30-second-per- and any hazard shall be eliminated be-
foot safety fuse would have to be used to allow sufficient time
to evacuate the area. fore loading begins;
(b) The loading hose shall be of a
(c) Where flyrock might damage ex- semiconductive type, have a total of
posed safety fuse, the blast shall be not more than 2 megohms of resistance
timed so that all safety fuses are burn- over its entire length and not less than
ing within the blastholes before any 1000 ohms of resistance per foot;
blasthole detonates. (c) Wire-countered hoses shall not be
(d) Fuse shall be cut and capped in used;
dry locations.
(d) Conductive parts of the loading
(e) Blasting caps shall be crimped to
equipment shall be bonded and ground-
fuse only with implements designed for
ed and grounds shall not be made to
that purpose.
other potential sources of extraneous
(f) Safety fuse shall be ignited only
after the primer and the explosive ma- electricity; and
terial are securely in place. (e) Plastic tubes shall not be used as
(g) Safety fuse shall be ignited only hole liners if the hole contains an elec-
with devices designed for that purpose. tric detonator.
Carbide lights, liquefied petroleum gas § 57.6603 Air gap.
torches, and cigarette lighters shall
not be used to light safety fuse. At least a 15-foot air gap shall be pro-
(h) At least two persons shall be vided between the blasting circuit and
present when lighting safety fuse, and the electric power source.
no one shall light more than 15 indi-
vidual fuses. If more than 15 holes per § 57.6604 Precautions during storms.
person are to be fired, electric initi- During the approach and progress of
ation systems, igniter cord and connec- an electrical storm—
tors, or other nonelectric initiation (a) Surface blasting operations shall

systems shall be used. be suspended and persons withdrawn
385
§ 57.6605 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
from the blast area or to a safe loca- § 57.6802 Bulk delivery vehicles.
tion; or
No welding or cutting shall be per-
(b) Underground electronic or elec- formed on a bulk delivery vehicle until
trical blasting operations that are ca- the vehicle has been washed down and
pable of being initiated by lightning all explosive material has been re-
shall be suspended and all persons moved. Before welding or cutting on a
withdrawn from the blast area or to a hollow shaft, the shaft shall be thor-
safe location. oughly cleaned inside and out and
[61 FR 36801, July 12, 1996, as amended at 85 vented with a minimum 1⁄2-inch diame-
FR 2027, Jan. 14, 2020] ter opening to allow for sufficient ven-
tilation.
§ 57.6605 Isolation of blasting circuits.
§ 57.6803 Blasting lines.
Lead wires and blasting lines shall be
isolated and insulated from power con- Permanent blasting lines shall be
ductors, pipelines, and railroad tracks, properly supported. All blasting lines
and shall be protected from sources of shall be insulated and kept in good re-
stray or static electricity. Blasting cir- pair.
cuits shall be protected from any con- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS—SURFACE AND
tact between firing lines and overhead UNDERGROUND
powerlines which could result from the
force of a blast. § 57.6900 Damaged or deteriorated ex-
plosive material.
EQUIPMENT/TOOLS—SURFACE AND
Damaged or deteriorated explosive
UNDERGROUND
material shall be disposed of in a safe
§ 57.6700 Nonsparking tools. manner in accordance with the instruc-
tions of the manufacturer.
Only nonsparking tools shall be used
to open containers of explosive mate- § 57.6901 Black powder.
rial or to punch holes in explosive car-
(a) Black powder shall be used for
tridges. blasting only when a desired result
§ 57.6701 Tamping and loading pole re- cannot be obtained with another type
quirements. of explosive, such as in quarrying cer-
tain types of dimension stone.
Tamping and loading poles shall be of (b) Containers of black powder shall
wood or other nonconductive, non- be—
sparking material. Couplings for poles (1) Nonsparking;
shall be nonsparking. (2) Kept in a totally enclosed cargo
space while being transported by a ve-
MAINTENANCE—SURFACE AND
hicle;
UNDERGROUND
(3) Securely closed at all times
§ 57.6800 Storage facilities. when—
(i) Within 50 feet of any magazine or
When repair work which could open flame;
produce a spark or flame is to be per- (ii) Within any building in which a
formed on a storage facility— fuel-fired or exposed-element electric
(a) The explosive material shall be heater is operating; or
moved to another facility, or moved at (iii) In an area where electrical or in-
least 50 feet from the repair activity candescent-particle sparks could result
and monitored; and in powder ignition; and
(b) The facility shall be cleaned to (4) Opened only when the powder is
prevent accidental detonation. being transferred to a blasthole or an-
other container and only in locations
§ 57.6801 Vehicle repair. not listed in paragraph (b)(3) of this
Vehicles containing explosive mate- section.
rial and oxidizers shall not be taken (c) Black powder shall be transferred
into a repair garage or shop. from containers only by pouring.
386
(d) Spills shall be cleaned up prompt- § 57.6905 Protection of explosive mate-

ly with nonsparking equipment. Con- rial.
taminated powder shall be put into a (a) Explosive material shall be pro-
container of water and shall be dis- tected from temperatures in excess of
posed of promptly after the granules 150 degrees Fahrenheit.
have disintegrated, or the spill area (b) Explosive material shall be pro-
shall be flushed promptly with water tected from impact, except for tamping
until the granules have disintegrated and dropping during loading.
completely.
(e) Misfires shall be disposed of by GENERAL REQUIREMENTS—
washing the stemming and powder UNDERGROUND ONLY
charge from the blasthole, and remov-
ing and disposing of the initiator in ac- § 57.6960 Mixing of explosive material.
cordance with the requirement for (a) The mixing of ingredients to
damaged explosives. produce explosive material shall not be
(f) Holes shall not be reloaded for at conducted underground unless prior ap-
least 12 hours when the blastholes have proval of the MSHA district manager is
failed to break as planned. obtained. In granting or withholding
approval, the district manager shall
§ 57.6902 Excessive temperatures. consider the potential hazards created
by—
(a) Where heat could cause premature
detonation, explosive material shall (1) The location of the stored mate-
rial and the storage practices used;
not be loaded into hot areas, such as
kilns or sprung holes. (2) The transportation and use of the
explosive material;
(b) When blasting sulfide ores where
(3) The nature of the explosive mate-
hot holes occur that may react with
rial, including its sensitivity;
explosive material in blastholes, opera-
(4) Any other factor deemed relevant
tors shall—
to the safety of miners potentially ex-
(1) Measure an appropriate number of posed to the hazards associated with
blasthole temperatures in order to as- the mixing of the bulk explosive mate-
sess the specific mine conditions prior rial underground.
to the introduction of explosive mate- (b) Storage facilities for the ingredi-
rial; ents to be mixed shall provide drainage
(2) Limit the time between the com- away from the facilities for leaks and
pletion of loading and the initiation of spills.
the blast to no more than 12 hours; and
(3) Take other special precautions to Subpart F—Drilling and Rotary Jet
address the specific conditions at the
mine to prevent premature detonation.
Piercing
DRILLING—SURFACE ONLY
§ 57.6903 Burning explosive material.
If explosive material is suspected of § 57.7002 Equipment defects.
burning at the blast site, persons shall Equipment defects affecting safety
be evacuated from the endangered area shall be corrected before the equipment
and shall not return for at least one is used.
hour after the burning or suspected
burning has stopped. § 57.7003 Drill area inspection.
The drilling area shall be inspected
§ 57.6904 Smoking and open flames. for hazards before starting the drilling
Smoking and use of open flames shall operations.
not be permitted within 50 feet of ex-
plosive material except when separated § 57.7004 Drill mast.
by permanent noncombustible barriers. Persons shall not be on a mast while
This standard does not apply to devices the drill-bit is in operation unless they
designed to ignite safety fuse or to are provided with a safe platform from
heating devices which do not create a which to work and they are required to
fire or explosion hazard. use safety belts to avoid falling.
387
§ 57.7005 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 57.7005 Augers and drill stems. DRILLING—SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND

Drill crews and others shall stay § 57.7050 Tool and drill steel racks.
clear of augers or drill stems that are
in motion. Persons shall not pass under Receptacles or racks shall be pro-
or step over a moving stem or auger. vided for drill steel and tools stored or
carried on drills.
§ 57.7008 Moving the drill.
§ 57.7051 Loose objects on the mast or
When a drill is being moved from one drill platform.
drilling area to another, drill steel,
To prevent injury to personnel, tools
tools, and other equipment shall be se-
cured and the mast placed in a safe po- and other objects shall not be left loose
on the mast or drill platform.
sition.
§ 57.7052 Drilling positions.
§ 57.7009 Drill helpers.
Persons shall not drill from—
If a drill helper assists the drill oper-
ator during movement of a drill to a (a) Positions which hinder their ac-
new location, the helper shall be in cess to the control levers;
sight of, or in communication with, the (b) Insecure footing or insecure stag-
operator at all times. ing; or
(c) Atop equipment not suitable for
§ 57.7010 Power failures. drilling.
In the event of power failure, drill § 57.7053 Moving hand-held drills.
controls shall be placed in the neutral
position until power is restored. Before hand-held drills are moved
from one working area to another, air
§ 57.7011 Straightening crossed cables. shall be turned off and bled from the
hose.
The drill stem shall be resting on the
bottom of the hole or on the platform § 57.7054 Starting or moving drill
with the stem secured to the mast be- equipment.
fore attempts are made to straighten a
Drill operators shall not start or
crossed cable on a reel.
move drilling equipment unless all
§ 57.7012 Tending drills in operation. miners are in the clear.
While in operation, drills shall be at- § 57.7055 Intersecting holes.
tended at all times.
Holes shall not be drilled where there
§ 57.7013 Covering or guarding drill is a danger of intersecting a misfired
holes. hole or a hole containing explosives,
blasting agents, or detonators.
Drill holes large enough to constitute
a hazard shall be covered or guarded. [56 FR 46517, Sept. 12, 1991; 56 FR 52193, Oct.
18, 1991]
§ 57.7018 Hand clearance.
§ 57.7056 Collaring in bootlegs.
Persons shall not hold the drill steel
while collaring holes, or rest their Holes shall not be collared in boot-
hands on the chuck or centralizer while legs.
drilling. [56 FR 46517, Sept. 12, 1991]
DRILLING—UNDERGROUND ONLY ROTARY JET PIERCING—SURFACE ONLY

§ 57.7028 Hand clearance. § 57.7801 Jet drills.
Persons shall not rest their hands on Jet piercing drills shall be provided
the chuck or centralizer while drilling. with:
(a) A system to pressurize the equip-
§ 57.7032 Anchoring. ment operator’s cab, when a cab is pro-
Columns and the drills mounted on vided; and
them shall be anchored firmly before (b) A protective cover over the oxy-
and during drilling. gen flow indicator.
388
§ 57.7802 Oxygen hose lines. underground in the affected areas are

Safety chains or other suitable lock- advised in advance of such scheduled or
ing devices shall be provided across planned fan shutdowns, maintenance,
connections to and between high pres- or adjustments.
sure oxygen hose lines of 1-inch inside (b) In the event of main or booster
diameter or larger. fan failure due to a malfunction, acci-
dent, power failure, or other such un-
§ 57.7803 Lighting the burner. planned or unscheduled event:
A suitable means of protection shall (1) The air quality in the affected ac-
be provided for the employee when tive workings shall be tested at least
lighting the burner. within 2-hours of the discovery of the
fan failure, and at least every 4-hours
§ 57.7804 Refueling. thereafter by a competent person for
When rotary jet piercing equipment compliance with the requirements of
requires refueling at locations other the applicable standards of subpart D
than fueling stations, a system for of this part until normal ventilation is
fueling without spillage shall be pro- restored, or
vided. (2) All persons, except those working
on the fan, shall be withdrawn, the
§ 57.7805 Smoking and open flames. ventilation shall be restored to normal
and the air quality in the affected ac-
Persons shall not smoke and open
tive workings shall be tested by a com-
flames shall not be used in the vicinity
petent person to assure that the air
of the oxygen storage and supply lines.
quality meets the requirements of the
Signs warning against smoking and
standards in subpart D of this part, be-
open flames shall be posted in these
fore any other persons are permitted to
areas.
enter the affected active workings.
§ 57.7806 Oxygen intake coupling.
§ 57.8519 Underground main fan con-
The oxygen intake coupling on jet trols.
piercing drills shall be constructed so
that only the oxygen hose can be cou- All underground main fans shall have
pled to it. controls placed at a suitable protected
location remote from the fan and pref-
§ 57.7807 Flushing the combustion erably on the surface.
chamber.
UNDERGROUND ONLY
The combustion chamber of a jet
drill stem which has been sitting § 57.8520 Ventilation plan.
unoperated in a drill hole shall be
flushed with a suitable solvent after A plan of the mine ventilation sys-
the stem is pulled up. tem shall be set out by the operator in
written form. Revisions of the system
shall be noted and updated at least an-
Subpart G—Ventilation nually. The ventilation plan or revi-
SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND sions thereto shall be submitted to the
District Manager for review and com-
§ 57.8518 Main and booster fans. ments upon his written request. The
(a) All mine main and booster fans plan shall, where applicable, contain
installed and used to ventilate the ac- the following:
tive workings of the mine shall be op- (a) The mine name.
erated continuously while persons are (b) The current mine map or sche-
underground in the active workings. matic or series of mine maps or sche-
However, this provision is not applica- matics of an appropriate scale, not
ble during scheduled production-cycle greater than five hundred feet to the
shutdowns or planned or scheduled fan inch, showing:
maintenance or fan adjustments where (1) Direction and quantity of prin-
air quality is maintained in compli- cipal air flows;
ance with the applicable standards of (2) Locations of seals used to isolate
subpart D of this part and all persons abandoned workings;
389
§ 57.8525 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(3) Locations of areas withdrawn § 57.8527 Oxygen-deficiency testing.

from the ventilation system; Flame safety lamps or other suitable
(4) Locations of all main, booster and devices shall be used to test for acute
auxiliary fans not shown in paragraph oxygen deficiency.
(d) of this standard.
(5) Locations of air regulators and § 57.8528 Unventilated areas.
stoppings and ventilation doors not
shown in paragraph (d) of this stand- Unventilated areas shall be sealed, or
ard; barricaded and posted against entry.
(6) Locations of overcasts, undercasts § 57.8529 Auxiliary fan systems.
and other airway crossover devices not
shown in paragraph (d) of this stand- When auxiliary fan systems are used,
ard; such systems shall minimize recircula-
(7) Locations of known oil or gas tion and be maintained to provide ven-
wells; tilation air that effectively sweeps the
(8) Locations of known underground working places.
mine openings adjacent to the mine;
§ 57.8531 Construction and mainte-
(9) Locations of permanent under- nance of ventilation doors.
ground shops, diesel fuel storage de-
pots, oil fuel storage depots, hoist Ventilation doors shall be—
rooms, compressors, battery charging (a) Substantially constructed;
stations and explosive storage facili- (b) Covered with fire-retardant mate-
ties. Permanent facilities are those in- rial, if constructed of wood;
tended to exist for one year or more; (c) Maintained in good condition;
and (d) Self-closing, if manually oper-
(10) Significant changes in the ven- ated; and
tilation system projected for one year. (e) Equipped with audible or visual
(c) Mine fan data for all active main warning devices, if mechanically oper-
and booster fans including manufactur- ated.
er’s name, type, size, fan speed, blade § 57.8532 Opening and closing ventila-
setting, approximate pressure at tion doors.
present operating point, and motor
brake horsepower rating. When ventilation control doors are
(d) Diagrams, descriptions or opened as a part of the normal mining
sketches showing how ventilation is cycle, they shall be closed as soon as
accomplished in each typical type of possible to re-establish normal ventila-
working place including the approxi- tion to working places.
mate quantity of air provided, and typ- § 57.8534 Shutdown or failure of auxil-
ical size and type of auxiliary fans iary fans.
used.
(e) The number and type of internal (a) Auxiliary fans installed and used
combustion engine units used under- to ventilate the active workings of the
ground, including make and model of mine shall be operated continuously
unit, type of engine, make and model while persons are underground in the
of engine, brake horsepower rating of active workings, except for scheduled
engine, and approval number. production-cycle shutdowns or planned
or scheduled fan maintenance or fan
[50 FR 4082, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 60 adjustments where air quality is main-
FR 33723, June 29, 1995] tained in compliance with the applica-
§ 57.8525 Main fan maintenance. ble standards of subpart D of this part,
and all persons underground in the af-
Main fans shall be maintained ac- fected areas are advised in advance of
cording to either the manufacturer’s such scheduled or planned fan shut-
recommendations or a written periodic downs, maintenance, or adjustments.
schedule adopted by the operator which (b) In the event of auxiliary fan fail-
shall be available at the operation on ure due to malfunction, accident,
request of the Secretary or his author- power failure, or other such unplanned
ized representative. or unscheduled event:
[50 FR 4082, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 60 (1) The air quality in the affected ac-
FR 33723, June 29, 1995] tive workings shall be tested at least
390
within 2 hours of the discovery of the ently on the same track shall be con-
fan failure, and at least every 4 hours trolled for safe operation.
thereafter by a competent person for
compliance with the requirements of § 57.9103 Clearance on adjacent tracks.
the applicable standards of subpart D Railcars shall not be left on side
of this part until normal ventilation is tracks unless clearance is provided for
restored, or traffic on adjacent tracks.
(2) All persons, except those working
on the fan, shall be withdrawn, the § 57.9104 Railroad crossings.
ventilation shall be restored to normal Designated railroad crossings shall
and the air quality in the affected ac- be posted with warning signs or sig-
tive workings shall be tested by a com- nals, or shall be guarded when trains
petent person to assure that the air are passing. These crossings shall also
quality meets the requirements of the be planked or filled between the rails.
standards in subpart D of this part, be-
fore any other persons are permitted to § 57.9160 Train movement during shift
enter the affected active workings. changes.
During shift changes, the movement
§ 57.8535 Seals.
of underground trains carrying rock or
Seals shall be provided with a means material shall be limited to areas
for checking the quality of air behind where the trains do not present a haz-
the seal and a means to prevent a ard to persons changing shifts.
water head from developing unless the
seal is designed to impound water. TRANSPORTATION OF PERSONS AND
MATERIALS
Subpart H—Loading, Hauling, and
§ 57.9200 Transporting persons.
Dumping
Persons shall not be transported—
(a) In or on dippers, forks, clam-
otherwise noted. shells, or buckets except shaft buckets
during shaft-sinking operations or dur-
TRAFFIC SAFETY ing inspection, maintenance and repair
of shafts.
§ 57.9100 Traffic control. (b) In beds of mobile equipment or
To provide for the safe movement of railcars, unless—
self-propelled mobile equipment— (1) Provisions are made for secure
(a) Rules governing speed, right-of- travel, and
way, direction of movement, and the (2) Means are taken to prevent acci-
use of headlights to assure appropriate dental unloading if the equipment is
visibility, shall be established and fol- provided with unloading devices;
lowed at each mine; and (c) On top of loads in mobile equip-
(b) Signs or signals that warn of haz- ment;
ardous conditions shall be placed at ap- (d) Outside cabs, equipment opera-
propriate locations at each mine. tors’ stations, and beds of mobile
equipment, except when necessary for
§ 57.9101 Operating speeds and control maintenance, testing, or training pur-
of equipment. poses, and provisions are made for se-
Operators of self-propelled mobile cure travel. This provision does not
equipment shall maintain control of apply to rail equipment.
the equipment while it is in motion. (e) Between cars of trains, on the
Operating speeds shall be consistent leading end of trains, on the leading
with conditions of roadways, tracks, end of a single railcar, or in other loca-
grades, clearance, visibility, and traf- tions on trains that expose persons to
fic, and the type of equipment used. hazards from train movement.
(1) This paragraph does not apply to
§ 57.9102 Movement of independently car droppers if they are secured with
operating rail equipment. safety belts and lines which prevent
Movement of two or more pieces of them from falling off the work plat-
rail equipment operating independ- form.
391
§ 57.9201 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(2) Brakemen and trainmen are pro- roadways where a drop-off exists of suf-
hibited from riding between cars of ficient grade or depth to cause a vehi-
moving trains but may ride on the cle to overturn or endanger persons in
leading end of trains or other locations equipment.
when necessary to perform their du- (b) Berms or guardrails shall be at
ties; least mid-axle height of the largest
(f) To and from work areas in over- self-propelled mobile equipment which
crowded mobile equipment; usually travels the roadway.
(g) In mobile equipment with mate- (c) Berms may have openings to the
rials or equipment unless the items are extent necessary for roadway drainage.
secured or are small and can be carried (d) Where elevated roadways are in-
safely by hand without creating a haz- frequently traveled and used only by
ard to persons; or service or maintenance vehicles, berms
(h) On conveyors unless the con- or guardrails are not required when all
veyors are designed to provide for their of the following are met:
safe transportation. (1) Locked gates are installed at the
entrance points to the roadway.
§ 57.9201 Loading, hauling, and un- (2) Signs are posted warning that the
loading of equipment or supplies. roadway is not bermed.
Equipment and supplies shall be load- (3) Delineators are installed along
ed, transported, and unloaded in a the perimeter of the elevated roadway
manner which does not create a hazard so that, for both directions of travel,
to persons from falling or shifting the reflective surfaces of at least three
equipment or supplies. delineators along each elevated shoul-
der are always visible to the driver and
§ 57.9202 Loading and hauling large spaced at intervals sufficient to indi-
rocks. cate the edges and attitude of the road-
Large rocks shall be broken before way.
loading if they could endanger persons (4) A maximum speed limit is posted
or affect the stability of mobile equip- and observed for the elevated unbermed
ment. Mobile equipment used for haul- portions of the roadway. Factors to
age of mined material shall be loaded consider when establishing the max-
to minimize spillage where a hazard to imum speed limit shall include the
persons could be created. width, slope and alignment of the road,
the type of equipment using the road,
§ 57.9260 Supplies, materials, and tools the road material, and any hazardous
on mantrips. conditions which may exist.
Supplies, materials, and tools, other (5) Road surface traction is not im-
than small items that can be carried by paired by weather conditions, such as
hand, shall not be transported under- sleet and snow, unless corrective meas-
ground with persons in mantrips. ures, such as the use of tire chains,
Mantrips shall be operated independ- plowing, or sanding, are taken to im-
ently of ore or supply trips. prove traction.
(e) This standard is not applicable to
§ 57.9261 Transporting tools and mate- rail beds.
rials on locomotives. [53 FR 32526, Aug. 25, 1988, as amended at 55
Tools or materials shall not be car- FR 37218, Sept. 7, 1990]
ried on top of locomotives underground
except for secured rerailing devices lo- § 57.9301 Dump site restraints.
cated in a manner which does not cre- Berms, bumper blocks, safety hooks,
ate a hazard to persons. or similar impeding devices shall be
provided at dumping locations where
SAFETY DEVICES, PROVISIONS, AND PRO- there is a hazard of overtravel or over-
CEDURES FOR ROADWAYS, RAILROADS, turning.
AND LOADING AND DUMPING SITES
§ 57.9302 Protection against moving or
§ 57.9300 Berms or guardrails. runaway railroad equipment.
(a) Berms or guardrails shall be pro- Stopblocks, derail devices, or other

vided and maintained on the banks of devices that protect against moving or
392
runaway rail equipment shall be in- § 57.9308 Switch throws.

stalled wherever necessary to protect
Switch throws shall be installed to
persons.
provide clearance to protect switchmen
§ 57.9303 Construction of ramps and from contact with moving trains.
dumping facilities.
§ 57.9309 Chute design.
Ramps and dumping facilities shall
Chute-loading installations shall be
be designed and constructed of mate-
designed to provide a safe location for
rials capable of supporting the loads to
persons pulling chutes.
which they will be subjected. The
ramps and dumping facilities shall pro- § 57.9310 Chute hazards.
vide width, clearance, and headroom to
safely accommodate the mobile equip- (a) Prior to chute-pulling, persons
ment using the facilities. who could be affected by the draw or
otherwise exposed to danger shall be
§ 57.9304 Unstable ground. warned and given time to clear the haz-
ardous area.
(a) Dumping locations shall be vis-
(b) Persons attempting to free chute
ually inspected prior to work com- hangups shall be experienced and fa-
mencing and as ground conditions war- miliar with the task, know the hazards
rant. involved, and use the proper tools to
(b) Where there is evidence that the free material.
ground at a dumping location may fail (c) When broken rock or material is
to support the mobile equipment, loads dumped into an empty chute, the chute
shall be dumped a safe distance back shall be equipped with a guard or all
from the edge of the unstable area of persons shall be isolated from the haz-
the bank. ard of flying rock or material.
§ 57.9305 Truck spotters. § 57.9311 Anchoring stationary sizing
(a) If truck spotters are used, they devices.
shall be in the clear while trucks are Grizzlies and other stationary sizing
backing into dumping position or devices shall be securely anchored.
dumping.
(b) Spotters shall use signal lights to § 57.9312 Working around drawholes.
direct trucks where visibility is lim- Unless platforms or safety lines are
ited. used, persons shall not position them-
(c) When a truck operator cannot selves over drawholes if there is danger
clearly recognize the spotter’s signals, that broken rock or material may be
the truck shall be stopped. withdrawn or bridged.
§ 57.9306 Warning devices for re- § 57.9313 Roadway maintenance.

stricted clearances.
Water, debris, or spilled material on
Where restricted clearance creates a roadways which creates hazards to the
hazard to persons on mobile equip- operation of mobile equipment shall be
ment, warning devices shall be in- removed.
stalled in advance of the restricted
area and the restricted area shall be § 57.9314 Trimming stockpile and
conspicuously marked. muckpile faces.
Stockpile and muckpile faces shall be
§ 57.9307 Design, installation, and trimmed to prevent hazards to persons.
maintenance of railroads.
Roadbeds and all elements of the § 57.9315 Dust control.
railroad tracks shall be designed, in- Dust shall be controlled at muck
stalled, and maintained to provide safe piles, material transfer points,
operation consistent with the speed crushers, and on haulage roads where
and type of haulage used. hazards to persons would be created as

a result of impaired visibility.
393
§ 57.9316 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 57.9316 Notifying the equipment op- § 57.9361 Drawholes.

erator. To prevent hazards to persons under-
When an operator of self-propelled ground, collars of open drawholes shall
mobile equipment is present, persons be free of muck or materials except
shall notify the equipment operator be- during transfer of the muck or mate-
fore getting on or off that equipment. rial through the drawhole.
§ 57.9317 Suspended loads. § 57.9362 Protection of signalmen.

Persons shall not work or pass under Signalmen used during slushing oper-
the buckets or booms of loaders in op- ations underground shall be located
away from possible contact with ca-
eration.
bles, sheaves, and slusher buckets.
§ 57.9318 Getting on or off moving
equipment. Subpart I—Aerial Tramways
Persons shall not get on or off mov- § 57.10001 Filling buckets.
ing mobile equipment. This provision
Buckets shall not be overloaded, and
does not apply to trainmen, brakemen,
feed shall be regulated to prevent spill-
and car droppers who are required to age.
get on or off slowly moving trains in
the performance of their work duties. § 57.10002 Inspection and mainte-
nance.
§ 57.9319 Going over, under, or be- Inspection and maintenance of car-
tween railcars.
riers (including loading and unloading
Persons shall not go over, under, or mechanisms), ropes and supports, and
between railcars unless— brakes shall be performed by com-
(a) The train is stopped; and petent persons according to the rec-
(b) The train operator, when present, ommendations of the manufacturer.
is notified and the notice acknowl-
edged. § 57.10003 Correction of defects.
Any hazardous defects shall be cor-
§ 57.9330 Clearance for surface equip- rected before the equipment is used.
ment.
§ 57.10004 Brakes.
Continuous clearance of at least 30
inches from the farthest projection of Positive-action-type brakes and de-
moving railroad equipment shall be vices which apply the brakes automati-
provided on at least one side of the cally in the event of a power failure
tracks at all locations where possible shall be provided on aerial tramways.
or the area shall be marked conspicu- § 57.10005 Track cable connections.
ously.
Track cable connections shall not ob-
§ 57.9360 Shelter holes. struct the passage of carriage wheels.
(a) Shelter holes shall be— § 57.10006 Tower guards.
(1) Provided at intervals adequate to Towers shall be suitably protected
assure the safety of persons along un- from swaying buckets.
derground haulageways where contin-
uous clearance of at least 30 inches § 57.10007 Falling object protection.
cannot be maintained from the farthest Guard nets or other suitable protec-
projection of moving equipment on at tion shall be provided where tramways
least one side of the haulageway; and pass over roadways, walkways, or
(2) At least four feet wide, marked buildings.
conspicuously, and provide a minimum
40-inch clearance from the farthest pro- § 57.10008 Riding tramways.
jection of moving equipment. Persons other than maintenance per-
(b) Shelter holes shall not be used for sons shall not ride aerial tramways un-
storage unless a 40-inch clearance is less the following features are pro-
maintained. vided.
394
(a) Two independent brakes, each ca- § 57.11006 Fixed ladder landings.
pable of holding the maximum load;
Fixed ladders shall project at least 3
(b) Direct communication between feet above landings, or substantial
terminals; handholds shall be provided above the
(c) Power drives with emergency landings.
power available in case of primary
power failure; and § 57.11007 Wooden components of lad-
(d) Buckets equipped with positive ders.
locks to prevent accidental tripping or Wooden components of ladders shall
dumping. not be painted except with a trans-
§ 57.10009 Riding loaded buckets. parent finish.
Persons shall not ride loaded buck- § 57.11008 Restricted clearance.

ets. Where restricted clearance creates a
§ 57.10010 Starting precautions. hazard to persons, the restricted clear-
ance shall be conspicuously marked.
Where possible, aerial tramways
shall not be started until the operator [53 FR 32528, Aug. 25, 1988]
has ascertained that everyone is in the
§ 57.11009 Walkways along conveyors.
clear.
Walkways with outboard railings
Subpart J—Travelways and shall be provided wherever persons are
Escapeways required to walk alongside elevated
conveyor belts. Inclined railed walk-
TRAVELWAYS—SURFACE AND ways shall be nonskid or provided with
UNDERGROUND cleats.
§ 57.11001 Safe access. § 57.11010 Stairstep clearance.

Safe means of access shall be pro- Vertical clearance above stair steps
vided and maintained to all working shall be a minimum of seven feet, or
places. suitable warning signs or similar de-
vices shall be provided to indicate an
§ 57.11002 Handrails and toeboards. impaired clearance.
Crossovers, elevated walkways, ele-
§ 57.11011 Use of ladders.
vated ramps, and stairways shall be of
substantial construction, provided with Persons using ladders shall face the
handrails, and maintained in good con- ladders and have both hands free for
dition. Where necessary, toeboards climbing and descending.
shall be provided.
§ 57.11012 Protection for openings
§ 57.11003 Construction and mainte- around travelways.
nance of ladders. Openings above, below, or near
Ladders shall be of substantial con- travelways through which persons or
struction and maintained in good con- materials may fall shall be protected
dition. by railings, barriers, or covers. Where
it is impractical to install such protec-
§ 57.11004 Portable rigid ladders. tive devices, adequate warning signals
Portable rigid ladders shall be pro- shall be installed.
vided with suitable bases and placed se-
§ 57.11013 Conveyor crossovers.
curely when used.
Crossovers shall be provided where it
§ 57.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and is necessary to cross conveyors.
toe clearance.
Fixed ladders shall be anchored se- § 57.11014 Crossing moving conveyors.
curely and installed to provide at least Moving conveyors shall be crossed

3 inches of toe clearance. only at designated crossover points.
395
§ 57.11016 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 57.11016 Snow and ice on walkways § 57.11038 Entering a manway.

and travelways. Before entering a manway where per-
Regularly used walkways and sons may be working or traveling, a
travelways shall be sanded, salted, or warning shall be given by the person
cleared of snow and ice as soon as prac- entering the manway and acknowl-
ticable. edged by any person present in the
manway.
§ 57.11017 Inclined fixed ladders.
§ 57.11040 Inclined travelways.
Fixed ladders shall not incline back-
wards. Travelways steeper than 35 degrees
from the horizontal shall be provided
TRAVELWAYS—SURFACE ONLY with ladders or stairways.
§ 57.11025 Railed landings, § 57.11041 Landings for inclined

backguards, and other protection ladderways.
for fixed ladders. Fixed ladders with an inclination of
Fixed ladders, except on mobile more than 70 degrees from the hori-
equipment, shall be offset and have zontal shall be offset with substantial
substantial railed landings at least landings at least every 30 feet or have
every 30 feet unless backguards or landing gates at least every 30 feet.
equivalent protection such as safety
belts and safety lines, are provided. ESCAPEWAYS—UNDERGROUND ONLY
§ 57.11050 Escapeways and refuges.
§ 57.11026 Protection for inclined fixed
ladders. (a) Every mine shall have two or
more separate, properly maintained
Fixed ladders 70 degrees to 90 degrees
escapeways to the surface from the
from the horizontal and 30 feet or more
lowest levels which are so positioned
in length shall have backguards, cages that damage to one shall not lessen the
or equivalent protection, starting at a effectiveness of the others. A method of
point not more than seven feet from refuge shall be provided while a second
the bottom of the ladders. opening to the surface is being devel-
oped. A second escapeway is rec-
§ 57.11027 Scaffolds and working plat-
forms. ommended, but not required, during
the exploration or development of an
Scaffolds and working platforms ore body.
shall be of substantial construction (b) In addition to separate
and provided with handrails and main- escapeways, a method of refuge shall be
tained in good condition. Floorboards provided for every employee who can-
shall be laid properly and the scaffolds not reach the surface from his working
and working platform shall not be place through at least two separate
overloaded. Working platforms shall be escapeways within a time limit of one
provided with toeboards when nec- hour when using the normal exit meth-
essary. od. These refuges must be positioned so
that the employee can reach one of
TRAVELWAYS—UNDERGROUND ONLY them within 30 minutes from the time
he leaves his workplace.
§ 57.11036 Ladderway trap doors and
guards. § 57.11051 Escape routes.
Trap doors or adequate guarding Escape routes shall be—
shall be provided in ladderways at each (a) Inspected at regular intervals and
level. Doors shall be kept operable. maintained in safe, travelable condi-
tion; and
§ 57.11037 Ladderway openings. (b) Marked with conspicuous and eas-
Ladderways constructed after No- ily read direction signs that clearly in-
vember 15, 1979, shall have a minimum dicate the ways of escape.
unobstructed cross-sectional opening of
24 inches by 24 inches measured from § 57.11052 Refuge areas.

the face of the ladder. Refuge areas shall be—
396
(a) Of fire-resistant construction, equipment, and other equipment which

preferably in untimbered areas of the may be used in rescue and recovery op-
mine; erations; and
(b) Large enough to accommodate (f) A statement of the availability of
readily the normal number of persons emergency communication and trans-
in the particular area of the mine; portation facilities, emergency power
(c) Constructed so they can be made and ventilation and location of rescue
gastight; and personnel and equipment.
(d) Provided with compressed air [50 FR 4082, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 60
lines, waterlines, suitable handtools, FR 33722, June 29, 1995]
and stopping materials.
§ 57.11054 Communication with refuge
§ 57.11053 Escape and evacuation chambers.
plans.
Telephone or other voice communica-
A specific escape and evacuation plan tion shall be provided between the sur-
and revisions thereof suitable to the face and refuge chambers and such sys-
conditions and mining system of the tems shall be independent of the mine
mine and showing assigned responsibil- power supply.
ities of all key personnel in the event
of an emergency shall be developed by § 57.11055 Inclined escapeways.
the operator and set out in written Any portion of a designated
form. Within 45 calendar days after escapeway which is inclined more than
promulgation of this standard a copy of 30 degrees from the horizontal and that
the plan and revisions thereof shall be is more than 300 feet in vertical extent
available to the Secretary or his au- shall be provided with an emergency
thorized representative. Also, copies of hoisting facility.
the plan and revisions thereof shall be
posted at locations convenient to all § 57.11056 Emergency hoists.
persons on the surface and under- The procedure for inspection, testing
ground. Such a plan shall be updated as and maintenance required by standard
necessary and shall be reviewed jointly 57.19120 shall be utilized at least every
by the operator and the Secretary or 30 days for hoists designated as emer-
his authorized representative at least gency hoists in any evacuation plan.
once every six months from the date of
the last review. The plan shall include: § 57.11058 Check-in, check-out system.
(a) Mine maps or diagrams showing Each operator of an underground
directions of principal air flow, loca- mine shall establish a check-in and
tion of escape routes and locations of check-out system which shall provide
existing telephones, primary fans, pri- an accurate record of persons in the
mary fan controls, fire doors, ventila- mine. These records shall be kept on
tion doors, and refuge chambers. Ap- the surface in a place chosen to mini-
propriate portions of such maps or dia- mize the danger of destruction by fire
grams shall be posted at all shaft sta- or other hazards. Every person under-
tions and in underground shops, ground shall carry a positive means of
lunchrooms, and elsewhere in working being identified.
areas where persons congregate;
(b) Procedures to show how the min- § 57.11059 Respirable atmosphere for
ers will be notified of emergency; hoist operators underground.
(c) An escape plan for each working For the protection of operators of
area in the mine to include instruc- hoists located underground which are
tions showing how each working area part of the mine escape and evacuation
should be evacuated. Each such plan plan required under standard 57.11053,
shall be posted at appropriate shaft the hoist operator shall be provided
stations and elsewhere in working with a respirable atmosphere com-
areas where persons congregate; pletely independent of the mine atmos-
(d) A fire fighting plan; phere. This independent ventilation
(e) Surface procedure to follow in an system shall convert, without contami-
emergency, including the notification nation, to an approved and properly

of proper authorities, preparing rescue maintained 2-hour self-contained
397
§ 57.12001 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
breathing apparatus to provide a safe Subpart K—Electricity

means of escape for the hoist operator
after the hoisting duties have been SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND
completed as prescribed in the mine es-
cape and evacuation plan for that § 57.12001 Circuit overload protection.
hoist. The hoist operator’s independent Circuits shall be protected against
ventilation system shall be provided by excessive overloads by fuses or circuit
one of the following methods: breakers of the correct type and capac-
(a) A suitable enclosure equipped ity.
with a positive pressure ventilation
system which may be operated con- § 57.12002 Controls and switches.
tinuously or be capable of immediate Electric equipment and circuits shall
activation from within the enclosure be provided with switches or other con-
during an emergency evacuation. Air trols. Such switches or controls shall
for the enclosure’s ventilation system be of approved design and construction
shall be provided in one of the fol- and shall be properly installed.
lowing ways:
(1) Air coursed from the surface § 57.12003 Trailing cable overload pro-
through a borehole into the hoist en- tection.
closure directly or through a metal
Individual overload protection or
pipeline from such borehole; or
short circuit protection shall be pro-
(2) Air coursed from the surface
vided for the trailing cables of mobile
through metal duct work into the hoist
equipment.
enclosure, although this duct work
shall not be located in timber-sup- § 57.12004 Electrical conductors.
ported active workings; or
(3) Air supplied by air compressors Electrical conductors shall be of a
located on the surface and coursed sufficient size and current-carrying ca-
through metal pipe into the hoist en- pacity to ensure that a rise in tempera-
closure. ture resulting from normal operations
A back-up system shall be provided will not damage the insulating mate-
for a hoist enclosure ventilation sys- rials. Electrical conductors exposed to
tem provided by either of the methods mechanical damage shall be protected.
set forth in paragraphs (a) (2) and (3) of
§ 57.12005 Protection of power conduc-
this section. This back-up system shall tors from mobile equipment.
consist of compressed air stored in con-
tainers connected to the enclosure. Mobile equipment shall not run over
This back-up system shall provide and power conductors, nor shall loads be
maintain a respirable atmosphere in dragged over power conductors, unless
the enclosure for a period of time equal the conductors are properly bridged or
to at least twice the time necessary to protected.
complete the evacuation of all persons
designated to use that hoist as pre- § 57.12006 Distribution boxes.
scribed in the mine escape and evacu- Distribution boxes shall be provided
ation plan required under standard with a disconnecting device for each
57.11053; or branch circuit. Such disconnecting de-
(b) An approved and properly main- vices shall be equipped or designed in
tained self-contained breathing appa- such a manner that it can be deter-
ratus system which shall consist of a mined by visual observation when such
mask connected to compressed air a device is open and that the circuit is
stored in containers adjacent to the deenergized, and the distribution box
hoist controls. The self-contained shall be labeled to show which circuit
breathing system shall provide a min- each device controls.
imum of 24 hours of respirable atmos-
phere to the hoist operator. In addi- § 57.12007 Junction box connection
tion, the self-contained breathing sys- procedures.
tem shall be capable of a quick connect Trailing cable and power-cable con-
with the approved 2-hour self-contained nections to junction boxes shall not be
breathing apparatus above. made or broken under load.
398
§ 57.12008 Insulation and fittings for for persons is provided by other means.
power wires and cables. This does not prohibit pulling or drag-
Power wires and cables shall be insu- ging of cable by the equipment it pow-
lated adequately where they pass into ers when the cable is physically at-
or out of electrical compartments. Ca- tached to the equipment by suitable
bles shall enter metal frames of mo- mechanical devices, and the cable is in-
tors, splice boxes, and electrical com- sulated from the equipment in con-
partments only through proper fit- formance with other standards in this
tings. When insulated wires, other than part.
cables, pass through metal frames, the
holes shall be substantially bushed § 57.12016 Work on electrically-pow-
with insulated bushings. ered equipment.
§ 57.12010 Isolation or insulation of Electrically powered equipment shall

communication conductors. be deenergized before mechanical work
is done on such equipment. Power
Telephone and low-potential signal
wire shall be protected, by isolation or switches shall be locked out or other
suitable insulation, or both, from con- measures taken which shall prevent
tacting energized power conductors or the equipment from being energized
any other power source. without the knowledge of the individ-
uals working on it. Suitable warning
§ 57.12011 High-potential electrical notices shall be posted at the power
conductors. switch and signed by the individuals
High-potential electrical conductors who are to do the work. Such locks or
shall be covered, insulated, or placed to preventive devices shall be removed
prevent contact with low potential only by the persons who installed them
conductors. or by authorized personnel.
§ 57.12012 Bare signal wires. § 57.12017 Work on power circuits.
The potential on bare signal wires ac- Power circuits shall be deenergized
cessible to contact by persons shall not before work is done on such circuits
exceed 48 volts. unless hot-line tools are used. Suitable
§ 57.12013 Splices and repairs of power warning signs shall be posted by the in-
cables. dividuals who are to do the work.
Permanent splices and repairs made Switches shall be locked out or other
in power cables, including the ground measures taken which shall prevent
conductor where provided, shall be— the power circuits from being energized
(a) Mechanically strong with elec- without the knowledge of the individ-
trical conductivity as near as possible uals working on them. Such locks,
to that of the original; signs, or preventive devices shall be re-
(b) Insulated to a degree at least moved only by the person who installed
equal to that of the original, and sealed them or by authorized personnel.
to exclude moisture; and,
(c) Provided with damage protection § 57.12018 Identification of power
as near as possible to that of the origi- switches.
nal, including good bonding to the Principal power switches shall be la-
outer jacket. beled to show which units they control,
unless identification can be made read-
§ 57.12014 Handling energized power
cables. ily by location.
Power cables energized to potentials § 57.12019 Access to stationary elec-
in excess of 150 volts, phase-to-ground, trical equipment or switchgear.
shall not be moved with equipment un-
Where access is necessary, suitable
less sleds or slings, insulated from such
equipment, are used. When such ener- clearance shall be provided at sta-
gized cables are moved manually, insu- tionary electrical equipment or
lated hooks, tongs, ropes, or slings switchgear.

shall be used unless suitable protection
399
§ 57.12020 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 57.12020 Protection of persons at made available on a request by the Sec-

switchgear. retary or his duly authorized rep-
Dry wooden platforms, insulating resentative.
mats, or other electrically-nonconduc-
tive material shall be kept in place at § 57.12030 Correction of dangerous
all switchboards and power-control conditions.
switches where shock hazards exist. When a potentially dangerous condi-
However, metal plates on which a per- tion is found it shall be corrected be-
son normally would stand and which fore equipment or wiring is energized.
are kept at the same potential as the
grounded, metal, non-current-carrying § 57.12032 Inspection and cover plates.
parts of the power switches to be oper-
Inspection and cover plates on elec-
ated may be used.
trical equipment and junction boxes
§ 57.12021 Danger signs. shall be kept in place at all times ex-
Suitable danger signs shall be posted cept during testing or repairs.
at all major electrical installations.
§ 57.12033 Hand-held electric tools.
§ 57.12022 Authorized persons at major Hand-held electric tools shall not be
electrical installations. operated at high potential voltages.
Areas containing major electrical in-
stallations shall be entered only by au- § 57.12034 Guarding around lights.
thorized persons. Portable extension lights, and other
§ 57.12023 Guarding electrical connec- lights that by their location present a
tions and resistor grids. shock or burn hazard, shall be guarded.
Electrical connections and resistor § 57.12035 Weatherproof lamp sockets.
grids that are difficult or impractical
to insulate shall be guarded, unless Lamp sockets shall be of a weather-
protection is provided by location. proof type where they are exposed to
weather or wet conditions that may
§ 57.12025 Grounding circuit enclo- interfere with illumination or create a
sures. shock hazard.
All metal enclosing or encasing elec-
trical circuits shall be grounded or pro- § 57.12036 Fuse removal or replace-
vided with equivalent protection. This ment.
requirement does not apply to battery- Fuses shall not be removed or re-
operated equipment. placed by hand in an energized circuit,
and they shall not otherwise be re-
§ 57.12026 Grounding transformer and
switchgear enclosures. moved or replaced in an energized cir-
cuit unless equipment and techniques
Metal fencing and metal buildings especially designed to prevent elec-
enclosing transformers and switchgear trical shock are provided and used for
shall be grounded. such purpose.
§ 57.12027 Grounding mobile equip-
ment. § 57.12037 Fuses in high-potential cir-
cuits.
Frame grounding or equivalent pro-
tection shall be provided for mobile Fuse tongs or hotline tools, shall be
equipment powered through trailing used when fuses are removed or re-
cables. placed in high-potential circuits.
§ 57.12028 Testing grounding systems. § 57.12038 Attachment of trailing ca-

bles.
Continuity and resistance of ground-
ing systems shall be tested imme- Trailing cables shall be attached to
diately after installation, repair, and machines in a suitable manner to pro-
modification; and annually thereafter. tect the cable from damage and to pre-
A record of the resistance measured vent strain on the electrical connec-

during the most recent test shall be tions.
400
§ 57.12039 Protection of surplus trail- fice, Information Dissemination (Su-

ing cables. perintendent of Documents), P.O. Box
Surplus trailing cables to shovels, 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250–7954; Tele-
cranes and similar equipment shall phone: 866–512–1800 (toll free) or 202–512–
be— 1800; http://bookstore.gpo.gov, or may be
(a) Stored in cable boats; examined in any Metal and Nonmetal
(b) Stored on reels mounted on the Mine Safety and Health District Office
equipment; or of the Mine Safety and Health Admin-
(c) Otherwise protected from me- istration.
chanical damage. [53 FR 32526, Aug. 25, 1988, as amended at 60
FR 35695, July 11, 1995; 71 FR 16667, Apr. 3,
§ 57.12040 Installation of operating 2006]
controls.
Operating controls shall be installed § 57.12048 Communication conductors
so that they can be operated without on power poles.
danger of contact with energized con- Telegraph, telephone, or signal wires
ductors. shall not be installed on the same
crossarm with power conductors. When
§ 57.12041 Design of switches and
starting boxes. carried on poles supporting powerlines,
they shall be installed as specified by
Switches and starting boxes shall be the National Electrical Code.
of safe design and capacity.
§ 57.12050 Installation of trolley wires.
§ 57.12042 Track bonding.
Trolley wires shall be installed at
Both rails shall be bonded or welded
least seven feet above rails where
at every joint and rails shall be
height permits, and aligned and sup-
crossbonded at least every 200 feet if
ported to suitably control sway and
the track serves as the return trolley
sag.
circuit. When rails are moved, re-
placed, or broken bonds are discovered, § 57.12053 Circuits powered from trol-
they shall be rebonded within three ley wires.
working shifts.
Ground wires for lighting circuits
§ 57.12045 Overhead powerlines. powered from trolley wires shall be
Overhead high-potential powerlines connected securely to the ground re-
shall be installed as specified by the turn circuit.
National Electrical Code.
SURFACE ONLY
§ 57.12047 Guy wires.
§ 57.12065 Short circuit and lightning
Guy wires of poles supporting high- protection.
voltage transmission lines shall meet
Powerlines, including trolley wires,
the requirements for grounding or in-
sulator protection of the National and telephone circuits shall be pro-
Electrical Safety Code, part 2, entitled tected against short circuits and light-
‘‘Safety Rules for the Installation and ning.
Maintenance of Electric Supply and § 57.12066 Guarding trolley wires and
Communication Lines’’ (also referred bare powerlines.
to as National Bureau of Standards
Handbook 81, Nov. 1, 1961), and Supple- Where metallic tools or equipment
ment 2 thereof issued March 1968, can come in contact with trolley wires
which are hereby incorporated by ref- or bare powerlines, the lines shall be
erence and made a part hereof. These guarded or deenergized.
publications and documents may be ob-
tained from the National Institute of § 57.12067 Installation of transformers.
Science and Technology, 100 Bureau Transformers shall be totally en-
Drive, Stop 3460, Gaithersburg, MD closed, or shall be placed at least 8 feet
20899–3460. Telephone: 301–975–6478 (not above the ground, or installed in a
a toll free number); http://ts.nist.gov/nvl; transformer house, or surrounded by a

or from the Government Printing Of- substantial fence at least 6 feet high
401
§ 57.12068 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
and at least 3 feet from any energized § 57.12083 Support of power cables in
parts, casings, or wiring. shafts and boreholes.
Power cables in shafts and boreholes
§ 57.12068 Locking transformer enclo-
sures. shall be fastened securely in such a
manner as to prevent undue strain on
Transformer enclosures shall be kept the sheath, insulation, or conductors.
locked against unauthorized entry.
§ 57.12084 Branch circuit dis-
§ 57.12069 Lightning protection for connecting devices.
telephone wires and ungrounded
conductors. Disconnecting switches that can be
opened safely under load shall be pro-
Each ungrounded conductor or tele- vided underground at all branch cir-
phone wire that leads underground and cuits extending from primary power
is directly exposed to lightning shall be circuits near shafts, adits, levels and
equipped with suitable lightning arres- boreholes.
tors of approved type within 100 feet of
the point where the circuit enters the § 57.12085 Transformer stations.
mine. Lightning arrestors shall be con-
Transformer stations shall be en-
nected to a low resistance grounding
closed to prevent persons from unin-
medium on the surface and shall be
tentionally or inadvertently con-
separated from neutral grounds by a
tacting energized parts.
distance of not less than 25 feet.
§ 57.12086 Location of trolley wire.
§ 57.12071 Movement or operation of
equipment near high-voltage Trolley and trolley feeder wire shall
powerlines. be installed opposite the clearance side
When equipment must be moved or of haulageways. However, this standard
operated near energized high-voltage does not apply where physical limita-
powerlines (other than trolley lines) tions would prevent the safe installa-
and the clearance is less than 10 feet, tion or use of such trolley and trolley
the lines shall be deenergized or other feeder wire.
precautionary measures shall be taken. § 57.12088 Splicing trailing cables.
UNDERGROUND ONLY No splice, except a vulcanized splice
or its equivalent, shall be made in a
§ 57.12080 Bare conductor guards. trailing cable within 25 feet of the ma-
Trolley wires and bare power conduc- chine unless the machine is equipped
tors shall be guarded at mantrip load- with a cable reel or other power feed
ing and unloading points, and at shaft cable payout-retrieval system. How-
stations. Where such trolley wires and ever, a temporary splice may be made
bare power conductors are less than 7 to move the equipment for repair.
feet above the rail, they shall be guard-
ed at all points where persons work or Subpart L—Compressed Air and
pass regularly beneath. Boilers
§ 57.12081 Bonding metal pipelines to § 57.13001 General requirements for
ground return circuits. boilers and pressure vessels.
All metal pipelines, 1,000 feet or more All boilers and pressure vessels shall
in length running parallel to trolley be constructed, installed, and main-
tracks, that are used as a ground retained in accordance with the stand-
turn circuit shall be bonded to the re- ards and specifications of the American
turn circuit rail at the ends of the pipe- Society of Mechanical Engineers Boiler
line and at intervals not to exceed 500 and Pressure Vessel Code.
feet.
§ 57.13010 Reciprocating-type air com-
§ 57.12082 Isolation of powerlines. pressors.
Powerlines shall be well separated or (a) Reciprocating-type air compres-
insulated from waterlines, telephone sors rated over 10 horsepower shall be

lines and air lines. equipped with automatic temperature-
402
actuated shutoff mechanisms which to the Secretary or his authorized rep-

shall be set or adjusted to the com- resentative.
pressor when the normal operating
temperature is exceeded by more than § 57.13017 Compressor discharge
25 percent. pipes.
(b) However, this standard does not Compressor discharge pipes where
apply to reciprocating-type air com- carbon build-up may occur shall be
pressors rated over 10 horsepower if cleaned periodically as recommended
equipped with fusible plugs that were by the manufacturer, but no less fre-
installed in the compressor discharge quently than once every two years.
lines before November 15, 1979, and de-
signed to melt at temperatures at least § 57.13019 Pressure system repairs.
50 degrees below the flash point of the Repairs involving the pressure sys-
compressors’ lubricating oil. tem of compressors, receivers, or com-
pressed-air-powered equipment shall
§ 57.13011 Air receiver tanks. not be attempted until the pressure has
Air receiver tanks shall be equipped been bled off.
with one or more automatic pressure-
relief valves. The total relieving capac- § 57.13020 Use of compressed air.
ity of the relief valves shall prevent At no time shall compressed air be
pressure from exceeding the maximum directed toward a person. When com-
allowable working pressure in a re- pressed air is used, all necessary pre-
ceiver tank by not more than 10 per- cautions shall be taken to protect per-
cent. Air receiver tanks also shall be sons from injury.
equipped with indicating pressure
gages which accurately measure the § 57.13021 High-pressure hose connec-
pressure within the air receiver tanks. tions.
Except where automatic shutoff
§ 57.13012 Compressor air intakes. valves are used, safety chains or other
Compressor air intakes shall be in- suitable locking devices shall be used
stalled to ensure that only clean, at connections to machines of high-
uncontaminated air enters the com- pressure hose lines of 3⁄4-inch inside di-
pressors. ameter or larger, and between high-
pressure hose lines of 3⁄4-inch inside di-
§ 57.13015 Inspection of compressed- ameter or larger, where a connection
air receivers and other unfired failure would create a hazard.
pressure vessels.
(a) Compressed-air receivers and § 57.13030 Boilers.
other unfired pressure vessels shall be (a) Fired pressure vessels (boilers)
inspected by inspectors holding a valid shall be equipped with water level
National Board Commission and in ac- gauges, pressure gauges, automatic
cordance with the applicable chapters pressure-relief valves, blowdown pip-
of the National Board Inspection Code, ing, and other safety devices approved
a Manual for Boiler and Pressure Ves- by the American Society of Mechanical
sel Inspectors, 1979. This code is incor- Engineers to protect against hazards
porated by reference and made a part from overpressure, flameouts, fuel
of this standard. It may be examined at interruptions and low water level, all
any Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety as required by the appropriate sections,
and Health District Office of the Mine chapters and appendices listed in para-
Safety and Health Administration, and graphs (b) (1) and (2) of this section.
may be obtained from the publisher, (b) These gauges, devices and piping
the National Board of Boiler and Pres- shall be designed, installed, operated,
sure Vessel Inspectors, 1055 Crupper maintained, repaired, altered, in-
Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43229. spected, and tested by inspectors hold-
(b) Records of inspections shall be ing a valid National Board Commission
kept in accordance with requirements and in accordance with the following
of the National Board Inspection Code, listed sections, chapters and appen-
and the records shall be made available dices:
403
§ 57.14000 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(1) The ASME Boiler and Pressure shall be made available to the Sec-
Vessel Code, 1977, published by the retary or his authorized representative.
American Society of Mechanical Engi- (d) Sections of the ASME Boiler and
neers. Pressure Vessel Code, 1977, listed in
paragraph (b)(1) of this section, and
SECTION AND TITLE chapters and appendices of the Na-
I Power Boilers tional Board Inspection Code, 1979, list-
II Material Specifications—Part A—Fer- ed in paragraph (b)(2) of this section,
rous are incorporated by reference and made
II Material Specifications—Part B—Non- a part of this standard. These publica-
ferrous tions may be obtained from the pub-
II Material Specifications—Part C—Weld-
ing Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals
lishers, the American Society of Me-
IV Heating Boilers chanical Engineers, 22 Law Drive, P.O.
V Nondestructive Examination Box 2900, Fairfield, New Jersey 07007,
VI Recommended Rules for Care and Oper- Phone: 800–843–2763 (toll free); http://
ation of Heating Boilers www.asme.org, and the National Board
VII Recommended Rules for Care of Power of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspec-
Boilers tors, 1055 Crupper Avenue, Columbus,
(2) The National Board Inspection Ohio 43229. The publication may be ex-
Code, a Manual for Boiler and Pressure amined at any Metal and Nonmetal
Vessel Inspectors, 1979, published by Mine Safety and Health District Office
the National Board of Boiler and Pres- of the Mine Safety and Health Admin-
sure Vessel Inspectors. istration.
CHAPTER AND TITLE FR 16667, Apr. 3, 2006]
I Glossary of Terms
II Inspection of Boilers and Pressure Ves- Subpart M—Machinery and
sels
III Repairs and Alterations to Boiler and Equipment
Pressure Vessels by Welding
IV Shop Inspection of Boilers and Pressure SOURCE: 53 FR 32528, Aug. 25, 1988, unless
Vessels otherwise noted.
V Inservice Inspection of Pressure Vessels
by Authorized Owner-User Inspection § 57.14000 Definitions.
Agencies
The following definitions apply in
APPENDIX AND TITLE this subpart.
A Safety and Safety Relief Valves Travelway. A passage, walk, or way
B Non-ASME Code Boilers and Pressure regularly used or designated for per-
Vessels sons to go from one place to another.
C Storage of Mild Steel Covered Arc Weld-
ing Electrodes [53 FR 32528, Aug. 25, 1988, as amended at 69
D-R National Board ‘‘R’’ (Repair) Symbol FR 38842, June 29, 2004]
Stamp
D-VR National Board ‘‘VR’’ (Repair of Safe- SAFETY DEVICES AND MAINTENANCE
ty and Safety Relief Valve) Symbol Stamp REQUIREMENTS
D-VR1 Certificate of Authorization for Re-
pair Symbol Stamp for Safety and Safety § 57.14100 Safety defects; examination,
Relief Valves correction and records.
D-VR2 Outline of Basic Elements of Written
Quality Control System for Repairers of (a) Self-propelled mobile equipment
ASME Safety and Safety Relief Valves to be used during a shift shall be in-
D-VR3 Nameplate Stamping for ‘‘VR’’ spected by the equipment operator be-
E Owner-User Inspection Agencies fore being placed in operation on that
F Inspection Forms shift.
(c) Records of inspections and repairs (b) Defects on any equipment, ma-
shall be kept in accordance with the re- chinery, and tools that affect safety
quirements of the ASME Boiler and shall be corrected in a timely manner
Pressure Vessel Code and the National to prevent the creation of a hazard to
Board Inspection Code. The records persons.
404
(c) When defects make continued op- maximum grade it travels. This stand-
eration hazardous to persons, the de- ard does not apply to equipment which
fective items including self-propelled is not originally equipped with brakes
mobile equipment shall be taken out of unless the manner in which the equip-
service and placed in a designated area ment is being operated requires the use
posted for that purpose, or a tag or of brakes for safe operation. This
other effective method of marking the standard does not apply to rail equip-
defective items shall be used to pro- ment.
hibit further use until the defects are (2) If equipped on self-propelled mo-
corrected. bile equipment, parking brakes shall be
(d) Defects on self-propelled mobile capable of holding the equipment with
equipment affecting safety, which are its typical load on the maximum grade
not corrected immediately, shall be re- it travels.
ported to, and recorded by, the mine (3) All braking systems installed on
operator. The records shall be kept at the equipment shall be maintained in
the mine or nearest mine office from functional condition.
the date the defects are recorded, until (b) Testing. (1) Service brake tests
the defects are corrected. Such records shall be conducted on surface-operated
shall be made available for inspection equipment at underground mines when
by an authorized representative of the an MSHA inspector has reasonable
Secretary. cause to believe that the service brake
system does not function as required,
§ 57.14101 Brakes. unless the mine operator removes the
(a) Minimum requirements. (1) Self-pro- equipment from service for the appro-
pelled mobile equipment shall be priate repair;
equipped with a service brake system (2) The performance of the service
capable of stopping and holding the brakes shall be evaluated according to
equipment with its typical load on the Table M–1.
TABLE M–1
Equipment Speed, MPH
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Service Brake Maximum Stopping Distance—Feet
0–36,000 ........................................................... 34 38 43 48 53 59 64 70 76 83 89
36,000–70,000 .................................................. 41 46 52 58 62 70 76 83 90 97 104
70,000–14,0000 ................................................ 48 54 61 67 74 81 88 95 103 111 119
140,000–250,000 .............................................. 56 62 69 77 84 92 100 108 116 125 133
250,000–400,000 .............................................. 59 66 74 81 89 97 105 114 123 132 141
Over–400,000 ................................................... 63 71 78 86 94 103 111 120 129 139 148
Stopping distances are computed using a constant deceleration of 9.66 FPS 2 and system response times of .5.1, 1.5, 2, 2.25
and 2.5 seconds for each of increasing weight category respectively. Stopping distance values include a one-second operator re-
sponse time.
TABLE M–2—THE SPEED OF A VEHICLE CAN BE DETERMINED BY CLOCKING IT THROUGH A 100-

FOOT MEASURED COURSE AT CONSTANT VELOCITY USING TABLE M–2. WHEN THE SERVICE
BRAKES ARE APPLIED AT THE END OF THE COURSE, STOPPING DISTANCE CAN BE MEASURED AND
COMPARED TO TABLE M–1.
Miles per hour 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Seconds required to travel 100 feet ................. 6.8 6.2 5.7 5.2 4.9 4.5 4.3 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.4
(3) Service brake tests shall be con- (i) Equipment capable of traveling at
ducted under the direction of the mine least 10 miles per hour shall be tested
operator in cooperation with and ac- with a typical load for that particular
cording to the instructions provided by piece of equipment. Front-end loaders
the MSHA inspector as follows: shall be tested with the loader bucket
empty. Equipment shall not be tested
405
§ 57.14102 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
when carrying hazardous loads, such as be considered acceptable if the equip-

explosives. ment does not exceed the maximum
(ii) The approach shall be of suffi- stopping distance on at least three of
cient length to allow the equipment op- the additional tests.
erator to reach and maintain a con- (5) Where there is not an appropriate
stant speed between 10 and 20 miles per test site at the mine or the equipment
hour prior to entering the 100 foot is not capable of traveling at least 10
measured area. The constant speed miles per hour, service brake tests will
shall be maintained up to the point not be conducted. In such cases, the in-
when the equipment operator receives spector will rely upon other available
the signal to apply the brakes. The evidence to determine whether the
roadway shall be wide enough to ac- service brake system meets the per-
commodate the size of the equipment formance requirements of this stand-
being tested. The ground shall be gen- ard.
erally level, packed, and dry in the
[53 FR 32528, Aug. 25, 1988; 53 FR 44588, Nov.
braking portion of the test course. 4, 1988]
Ground moisture may be present to the
extent that it does not adversely affect § 57.14102 Brakes for rail equipment.
the braking surface.
(iii) Braking is to be performed using Braking systems on railroad cars and
only those braking systems, including locomotives shall be maintained in
auxiliary retarders, which are designed functional condition.
to bring the equipment to a stop under § 57.14103 Operators’ stations.
normal operating conditions. Parking
or emergency (secondary) brakes are (a) If windows are provided on opera-
not to be actuated during the test. tors’ stations of self-propelled mobile
(iv) The tests shall be conducted with equipment, the windows shall be made
the transmission in the gear appro- of safety glass or material with equiva-
priate for the speed the equipment is lent safety characteristics. The win-
traveling except for equipment which dows shall be maintained to provide
is designed for the power train to be visibility for safe operation.
disengaged during braking. (b) If damaged windows obscure visi-
(v) Testing speeds shall be a min- bility necessary for safe operation, or
imum of 10 miles per hour and a max- create a hazard to the equipment oper-
imum of 20 miles per hour. ator, the windows shall be replaced or
(vi) Stopping distances shall be meas- removed. Damaged windows shall be re-
ured from the point at which the equip- placed if absence of a window would ex-
ment operator receives the signal to pose the equipment operator to haz-
apply the service brakes to the final ardous environmental conditions which
stopped position. would affect the ability of the equip-
(4) Test results shall be evaluated as ment operator to safely operate the
follows: equipment.
(i) If the initial test run is valid and (c) The operators’ stations of self-
the stopping distance does not exceed propelled mobile equipment shall—
the corresponding stopping distance (1) Be free of materials that may cre-
listed in Table 1, the performance of ate a hazard to persons by impairing
the service brakes shall be considered the safe operation of the equipment;
acceptable. For tests to be considered and
valid, the equipment shall not slide (2) Not be modified, in a manner that
sideways or exhibit other lateral mo- obscures visibility necessary for safe
tion during the braking portion of the operation.
test.
(ii) If the equipment exceeds the § 57.14104 Tire repairs.
maximum stopping distance in the ini- (a) Before a tire is removed from a
tial test run, the mine operator may vehicle for tire repair, the valve core
request from the inspector up to four shall be partially removed to allow for
additional test runs with two runs to gradual deflation and then removed.
be conducted in each direction. The During deflation, to the extent pos-

performance of the service brakes shall sible, persons shall stand outside of the
406
potential trajectory of the lock ring of broken belt if that action could be haz-
a multi-piece wheel rim. ardous to persons.
(b) To prevent injury from wheel
rims during tire inflation, one of the § 57.14109 Unguarded conveyors with
following shall be used: adjacent travelways.
(1) A wheel cage or other restraining Unguarded conveyors next to
device that will constrain all wheel rim travelways shall be equipped with—
components during an explosive sepa- (a) Emergency stop devices which are
ration of a multi-piece wheel rim, or located so that a person falling on or
during the sudden release of contained against the conveyor can readily de-
air in a single piece rim wheel; or activate the conveyor drive motor; or
(2) A stand-off inflation device which
(b) Railings which—
permits persons to stand outside of the
(1) Are positioned to prevent persons
potential trajectory of wheel compo-
nents. from falling on or against the con-
veyor;
§ 57.14105 Procedures during repairs (2) Will be able to withstand the vi-
or maintenance. bration, shock, and wear to which they
Repairs or maintenance on machin- will be subjected during normal oper-
ery or equipment shall be performed ation; and
only after the power is off, and the ma- (3) Are constructed and maintained
chinery or equipment blocked against so that they will not create a hazard.
hazardous motion. Machinery or equip-
ment motion or activation is permitted § 57.14110 Flying or falling materials.
to the extent that adjustments or test- In areas where flying or falling mate-
ing cannot be performed without mo- rials generated from the operation of
tion or activation, provided that per- screens, crushers, or conveyors present
sons are effectively protected from haz- a hazard, guards, shields, or other de-
ardous motion. vices that provide protection against
such flying or falling materials shall be
§ 57.14106 Falling object protection.
provided to protect persons.
(a) Fork-lift trucks, front-end load-
ers, and bulldozers shall be provided § 57.14111 Slusher, backlash guards
with falling object protective struc- and securing.
tures if used in an area where falling (a) When persons are exposed to
objects could create a hazard to the op-
slushing operations, the slushers shall
erator.
be equipped with rollers and drum cov-
(b) The protective structure shall be
ers and anchored securely before
capable of withstanding the falling ob-
slushing operations are started to pro-
ject loads to which it could be sub-
jected. tect against hazardous movement be-
fore slushing operations are started.
§ 57.14107 Moving machine parts. (b) Slushers rated over 10 horsepower
shall be equipped with backlash guards,
(a) Moving machine parts shall be
guarded to protect persons from con- unless the equipment operator is other-
tacting gears, sprockets, chains, drive, wise protected.
head, tail, and takeup pulleys, (c) This standard does not apply to
flywheels, coupling, shafts, fan blades; air tuggers of 10 horsepower or less
and similar moving parts that can that have only one cable and one drum.
cause injury.
(b) Guards shall not be required § 57.14112 Construction and mainte-
nance of guards.
where the exposed moving parts are at
least seven feet away from walking or (a) Guards shall be constructed and
working surfaces. maintained to—
(1) Withstand the vibration, shock,
§ 57.14108 Overhead drive belts. and wear to which they will be sub-
Overhead drive belts shall be guarded jected during normal operation; and
to contain the whipping action of a (2) Not create a hazard by their use.
407
§ 57.14113 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(b) Guards shall be securely in place § 57.14130 Roll-over protective struc-

while machinery is being operated, ex- tures (ROPS) and seat belts for sur-
cept when testing or making adjust- face equipment.
ments which cannot be performed with- (a) Equipment included. Roll-over pro-
out removal of the guard. tective structures (ROPS) and seat
belts shall be installed on—
§ 57.14113 Inclined conveyors: back- (1) Crawler tractors and crawler load-
stops or brakes. ers;
Backstops or brakes shall be in- (2) Graders;
stalled on drive units of inclined con- (3) Wheel loaders and wheel tractors;
veyors to prevent the conveyors from (4) The tractor portion of semi-
running in reverse, creating a hazard mounted scrapers, dumpers, water wag-
to persons. ons, bottom-dump wagons, rear-dump
wagons, and towed fifth wheel attach-
§ 57.14114 Air valves for pneumatic ments;
equipment. (5) Skid-steer loaders; and
A manual master quick-close type air (6) Agricultural tractors.
valve shall be installed on all pneu- (b) ROPS construction. ROPS shall
matic-powered equipment if there is a meet the requirements of the following
hazard of uncontrolled movement when Society of Automotive Engineers
the air supply is activated. The valve (SAE) publications, as applicable,
shall be closed except when the equip- which are incorporated by reference:
ment is being operated. (1) SAE J1040, ‘‘Performance Criteria
for Roll-Over Protective Structures
[53 FR 32528, Aug. 25, 1988; 53 FR 44588, Nov. (ROPS) for Construction, Earthmoving,
4, 1988] Forestry, and Mining Machines,’’, 1986;
or
§ 57.14115 Stationary grinding ma- (2) SAE J1194, ‘‘Roll-Over Protective
chines. Structures (ROPS) for Wheeled Agri-
Stationary grinding machines, other cultural Tractors’’, 1983.
than special bit grinders, shall be (c) ROPS labeling. ROPS shall have a
equipped with— label permanently affixed to the struc-
(a) Peripheral hoods capable of with- ture identifying—
standing the force of a bursting wheel (1) The manufacturer’s name and ad-
and enclosing not less than 270°—of the dress;
periphery of the wheel; (2) The ROPS model number; and
(b) Adjustable tool rests set so that (3) The make and model number of
the distance between the grinding sur- the equipment for which the ROPS is
face of the wheel and the tool rest is designed.
not greater than 1⁄8 inch; and (d) ROPS installation. ROPS shall be
installed on the equipment in accord-
(c) A safety washer on each side of
ance with the recommendations of the
the wheel.
ROPS manufacturer.
[53 FR 32528, Aug. 25, 1988; 53 FR 44588, Nov. (e) ROPS maintenance. (1) ROPS shall
4, 1988] be maintained in a condition that
meets the performance requirements
§ 57.14116 Hand-held power tools. applicable to the equipment. If the
(a) Power drills, disc sanders, grind- ROPS is subjected to a roll-over or ab-
ers and circular and chain saws, when normal structural loading, the equip-
used in the hand-held mode shall be opment manufacturer or a registered pro-
erated with controls which require con- fessional engineer with knowledge and
stant hand or finger pressure. experience in ROPS design shall recer-
tify that the ROPS meets the applica-
(b) Circular saws and chain saws
ble performance requirements before it
shall not be equipped with devices
is returned to service.
which lock-on the operating controls.
(2) Alterations or repairs on ROPS
shall be performed only with approval

from the ROPS manufacturer or under
408
the instructions of a registered profes- codeloflfederallregulations/

sional engineer with knowledge and ex- ibrllocations.html. Copies may be pur-
perience in ROPS design. The manufac- chased from the Society of Automotive
turer or engineer shall certify that the Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,
ROPS meets the applicable perform- Warrendale, PA 15096–0001; 724–776–4841;
ance requirements. http://www.sae.org.
(f) Exemptions. (1) This standard does
[53 FR 32528, Aug. 25, 1988; 53 FR 44588, Nov.
not apply to— 4, 1988, as amended at 60 FR 33722, June 29,
(i) Self-propelled mobile equipment 1995; 67 FR 38385, June 4, 2002; 68 FR 19347,
manufactured prior to July 1, 1969; Apr. 21, 2003; 80 FR 52988, Sept. 2, 2015]
(ii) Over-the-road type tractors that
pull trailers or vans on highways; § 57.14131 Seat belts for surface haul-
(iii) Equipment that is only operated age trucks.
by remote control; and (a) Seat belts shall be provided and
(2) Self-propelled mobile equipment worn in haulage trucks.
manufactured prior to October 24, 1988, (b) Seat belts shall be maintained in
that is equipped with ROPS and seat functional condition, and replaced
belts that meet the installation and when necessary to assure proper per-
performance requirements of 30 CFR formance.
57.9088 (1986 edition) shall be considered
(c) Seat belts required under this sec-
in compliance with paragraphs (b) and
tion shall meet the requirements of
(h) of this section.
SAE J386, ‘‘Operator Restraint System
(g) Wearing seat belts. Seat belts shall
for Off-Road Work Machines’’ (1985,
be worn by the equipment operator ex-
1993, or 1997), which are incorporated by
cept that when operating graders from
reference.
a standing position, the grader oper-
ator shall wear safety lines and a har- (d) The incorporation by reference of
ness in place of a seat belt. these publications is approved by the
(h) Seat belts construction. Seat belts Director of the Federal Register in ac-
required under this section shall meet cordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR
the requirement of SAE J386, ‘‘Oper- part 51. Copies of these publications
ator Restraint System for Off-Road may be examined at any Metal and
Work Machines’’ (1985, 1993, or 1997), or Nonmetal Mine Safety and Health Dis-
SAE J1194, ‘‘Roll-Over Protective trict Office; at MSHA’s Office of Stand-
Structures (ROPS) for Wheeled Agri- ards, Regulations, and Variances, 201
cultural Tractors’’ (1983, 1989, 1994, or 12th Street South, Arlington, VA 22202–
1999), as applicable, which are incor- 5452; 202–693–9440; or at the National Ar-
porated by reference. chives and Records Administration
(i) Seat belt maintenance. Seat belts (NARA). For information on the avail-
shall be maintained in functional con- ability of this material at NARA, call
dition, and replaced when necessary to 202–741–6030, or go to: http://
assure proper performance. www.archives.gov/federallregister/
(j) Publications. The incorporation by codeloflfederallregulations/
reference of these publications is ap- ibrllocations.html. Copies may be pur-
proved by the Director of the Federal chased from the Society of Automotive
Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,
552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Copies of Warrendale, PA 15096–0001; 724–776–4841;
these publications may be examined at http://www.sae.org.
any Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety [53 FR 32528, Aug. 25, 1988, as amended at 67
and Health District Office; at MSHA’s FR 38385, June 4, 2002; 68 FR 19347, Apr. 21,
Office of Standards, Regulations, and 2003; 80 FR 52988, Sept. 2, 2015]
Variances, 201 12th Street South, Ar-
lington, VA 22202–5452; 202–693–9440; or § 57.14132 Horns and backup alarms
at the National Archives and Records for surface equipment.
Administration (NARA). For informa- (a) Manually-operated horns or other
tion on the availability of this mate- audible warning devices provided on
rial at NARA, call 202–741–6030, or go self-propelled mobile equipment as a
to: http://www.archives.gov/fed- safety device shall be maintained in a

erallregister/ functional condition.
409
§ 57.14160 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(b)(1) When the operator has an ob- persons are in the clear before starting
structed view to the rear, self-propelled the conveyor.
mobile equipment shall have— (b) When the entire length of the con-
(i) An automatic reverse-activated veyor is not visible from the starting
signal alarm; switch, a system which provides visible
(ii) A wheel-mounted bell alarm or audible warning shall be installed
which sounds at least once for each and operated to warn persons that the
three feet of reverse movement; conveyor will be started. Within 30 sec-
(iii) A discriminating backup alarm onds after the warning is given, the
that covers the area of obstructed
conveyor shall be started or a second
view; or
warning shall be given.
(iv) An observer to signal when it is
safe to back up. § 57.14202 Manual cleaning of con-
(2) Alarms shall be audible above the veyor pulleys.
surrounding noise level.
(3) An automatic reverse-activated Pulleys of conveyors shall not be
strobe light may be used at night in cleaned manually while the conveyor is
lieu of an audible reverse alarm. in motion.
(c) This standard does not apply to
rail equipment. § 57.14203 Application of belt dressing.
Belt dressings shall not be applied
§ 57.14160 Mantrip trolley wire haz- manually while belts are in motion un-
ards underground.
less a pressurized-type applicator is
Mantrips shall be covered if there is used that allows the dressing to be ap-
danger of persons contacting the trol- plied from outside the guards.
ley wire.
§ 57.14204 Machinery lubrication.
§ 57.14161 Makeshift couplings.
Machinery or equipment shall not be
Couplings used on underground rail
equipment shall be designed for that lubricated manually while it is in mo-
equipment, except that makeshift cou- tion where application of the lubricant
plings may be used to move disabled may expose persons to injury.
rail equipment for repairs if no hazard
§ 57.14205 Machinery, equipment, and
to persons is created.
tools.
§ 57.14162 Trip lights. Machinery, equipment, and tools
On underground rail haulage, trip shall not be used beyond the design ca-
lights shall be used on the rear of pacity intended by the manufacturer,
pulled trips and on the front of pushed where such use may create a hazard to
trips. persons.
SAFETY PRACTICES AND OPERATIONAL § 57.14206 Securing movable parts.

PROCEDURES
(a) When moving mobile equipment
§ 57.14200 Warnings prior to starting between workplaces, booms, forks,
or moving equipment. buckets, beds, and similar movable
Before starting crushers or moving parts of the equipment shall be posi-
self-propelled mobile equipment, equip- tioned in the travel mode and, if re-
ment operators shall sound a warning quired for safe travel, mechanically se-
that is audible above the surrounding cured.
noise level or use other effective means (b) When mobile equipment is unat-
to warn all persons who could be extended or not in use, dippers, buckets
posed to a hazard from the equipment. and scraper blades shall be lowered to
the ground. Other movable parts, such
§ 57.14201 Conveyor start-up warnings. as booms, shall be mechanically se-
(a) When the entire length of a con- cured or positioned to prevent move-
veyor is visible from the starting ment which would create a hazard to
switch, the conveyor operator shall vis- persons.

ually check to make certain that all
410
§ 57.14207 Parking procedures for un- § 57.14211 Blocking equipment in a

attended equipment. raised position.
Mobile equipment shall not be left (a) Persons shall not work on top of,
unattended unless the controls are under, or work from mobile equipment
placed in the park position and the in a raised position until the equip-
parking brake, if provided, is set. When ment has been blocked or mechanically
parked on a grade, the wheels or tracks secured to prevent it from rolling or
of mobile equipment shall be either falling accidentally.
(b) Persons shall not work on top of,
chocked or turned into a bank or rib.
under, or work from a raised compo-
§ 57.14208 Warning devices. nent of mobile equipment until the
component has been blocked or me-
(a) Visible warning devices shall be chanically secured to prevent acci-
used when parked mobile equipment dental lowering. The equipment must
creates a hazard to persons in other also be blocked or secured to prevent
mobile equipment. rolling.
(b) Mobile equipment, other than (c) A raised component must be se-
forklifts, carrying loads that project cured to prevent accidental lowering
beyond the sides or more than four feet when persons are working on or around
beyond the rear of the equipment shall mobile equipment and are exposed to
have a warning flag at the end of the the hazard of accidental lowering of
projection. Under conditions of limited the component.
visibility these loads shall have a (d) Under this section, a raised com-
warning light at the end of the projec- ponent of mobile equipment is consid-
ered to be blocked or mechanically se-
tion. Such flags or lights shall be at-
cured if provided with a functional
tached to the end of the projection or
load-locking device or devices which
be carried by persons walking beside or prevent free and uncontrolled descent.
behind the projection. (e) Blocking or mechanical securing
of the raised component is required
§ 57.14209 Safety procedures for tow-
ing. during repair or maintenance of ele-
vated mobile work platforms.
(a) A properly sized tow bar or other
effective means of control shall be used § 57.14212 Chains, ropes, and drive
to tow mobile equipment. belts.
(b) Unless steering and braking are Chains, ropes, and drive belts shall be
under the control of the equipment op- guided mechanically onto moving pul-
erator on the towed equipment, a safe- leys, sprockets, or drums except where
ty chain or wire rope capable of with- equipment is designed specifically for
standing the loads to which it could be hand feeding.
subjected shall be used in conjunction
§ 57.14213 Ventilation and shielding
with any primary rigging. for welding.
(c) This provision does not apply to
(a) Welding operations shall be
rail equipment.
shielded when performed at locations
§ 57.14210 Movement of dippers, buck- where arc flash could be hazardous to
ets, loading booms, or suspended persons.
loads. (b) All welding operations shall be
well-ventilated.
(a) Dippers, buckets, loading booms,
or suspended loads shall not be swung § 57.14214 Train warnings.
over the operators’ stations of self-pro- A warning that is audible above the
pelled mobile equipment until the surrounding noise level shall be sound-
equipment operator is out of the opera- ed—
tor’s station and in a safe location. (a) Immediately prior to moving
(b) This section does not apply when trains;
the equipment is specifically designed (b) When trains approach persons,
to protect the equipment operator from crossing, other trains on adjacent

falling objects. tracks; and
411
§ 57.14215 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(c) Any place where the train opera- MSHA STANDARD 57.14106, FALLING OBJECT
tor’s vision is obscured. PROTECTION—Continued
§ 57.14215 Coupling or uncoupling Equipment National consensus standard
cars. Fork-lift trucks ........ American National Standards Institute
Prior to coupling or uncoupling cars (ANSI) safety standard for low lift
manually, trains shall be brought to a and high lift trucks, B 56.1, section
7.27—1983; or
complete stop, and then moved at min- American National Standards Institute
imum tram speed until the coupling or (ANSI) standard, rough terrain fork
uncoupling activity is completed. Cou- lift trucks, B 56.6—1987.
pling or uncoupling shall not be at-
tempted from the inside of curves un-
less the railroad and cars are designed Subpart N—Personal Protection
to eliminate hazards to persons. SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND
§ 57.14216 Backpoling. § 57.15001 First aid materials.
Backpoling of trolleys is prohibited
Adequate first-aid materials, includ-
except where there is inadequate clear-
ing stretchers and blankets shall be
ance to reverse the trolley pole. Where
provided at places convenient to all
backpoling is required, it shall be done
working areas. Water or neutralizing
only at the minimum tram speed of the
agents shall be available where corro-
trolley.
sive chemicals or other harmful sub-
§ 57.14217 Securing parked railcars. stances are stored, handled, or used.
Parked railcars shall be blocked se- § 57.15002 Hard hats.
curely unless held effectively by
All persons shall wear suitable hard
brakes.
hats when in or around a mine or plant
§ 57.14218 Movement of equipment on where falling objects may create a haz-
adjacent tracks. ard.
When a locomotive on one track is § 57.15003 Protective footwear.
used to move rail equipment on adja-
cent tracks, a chain, cable, or drawbar All persons shall wear suitable pro-
shall be used which is capable of with- tective footwear when in or around an
standing the loads to which it could be area of a mine or plant where a hazard
subjected. exists which could cause an injury to
the feet.
§ 57.14219 Brakeman signals.
§ 57.15004 Eye protection.
When a train is under the direction of
a brakeman and the train operator can- All persons shall wear safety glasses,
not clearly recognize the brakeman’s goggles, or face shields or other suit-
signals, the train operator shall bring able protective devices when in or
the train to a stop. around an area of a mine or plant
where a hazard exists which could
APPENDIX I TO SUBPART M OF PART 57— cause injury to unprotected eyes.
NATIONAL CONSENSUS STANDARDS
§ 57.15005 Safety belts and lines.
Mine operators seeking further informa-
tion regarding the construction and installa- Safety belts and lines shall be worn
tion of falling object protective structures when persons work where there is dan-
(FOPS) may consult the following national ger of falling; a second person shall
consensus standards, as applicable. tend the lifeline when bins, tanks, or
other dangerous areas are entered.
MSHA STANDARD 57.14106, FALLING OBJECT
PROTECTION § 57.15006 Protective equipment and
clothing for hazards and irritants.
Equipment National consensus standard
Special protective equipment and
Front-end loaders Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) special protective clothing shall be
and bulldozers. minimum performance criteria for

falling object protective structures provided, maintained in a sanitary and
(FOPS) SAE J231—January, 1981. reliable condition and used whenever
412
hazards of process or environment, Subpart O—Materials Storage and

chemical hazards, radiological hazards, Handling
or mechanical irritants are encoun-
tered in a manner capable of causing § 57.16001 Stacking and storage of ma-
injury or impairment. terials.
§ 57.15007 Protective equipment or Supplies shall not be stacked or
clothing for welding, cutting, or stored in a manner which creates trip-
working with molten metal. ping or fall-of-material hazards.
Protective clothing or equipment and
§ 57.16002 Bins, hoppers, silos, tanks,
face shields or goggles shall be worn
and surge piles.
when welding, cutting, or working with
molten metal. (a) Bins, hoppers, silos, tanks, and
surge piles, where loose unconsolidated
§ 57.15014 Eye protection when oper- materials are stored, handled or trans-
ating grinding wheels. ferred shall be—
Face shields or goggles in good condi- (1) Equipped with mechanical devices
tion shall be worn when operating a or other effective means of handling
grinding wheel. materials so that during normal oper-
[53 FR 32533, Aug. 25, 1988] ations persons are not required to
enter or work where they are exposed
SURFACE ONLY to entrapment by the caving or sliding
of materials; and
§ 57.15020 Life jackets and belts. (2) Equipped with supply and dis-
Life jackets or belts shall be worn charge operating controls. The controls
where there is danger from falling into shall be located so that spills or over-
water. runs will not endanger persons.
(b) Where persons are required to
UNDERGROUND ONLY move around or over any facility listed
in this standard, suitable walkways or
§ 57.15030 Provision and maintenance
of self-rescue devices. passageways shall be provided.
(c) Where persons are required to
A 1-hour self-rescue device approved enter any facility listed in this stand-
by MSHA and NIOSH under 42 CFR ard for maintenance or inspection pur-
part 84 shall be made available by the
poses, ladders, platforms, or staging
operator to all personnel underground.
shall be provided. No person shall enter
Each operator shall maintain self-res-
the facility until the supply and dis-
cue devices in good condition.
charge of materials have ceased and
[60 FR 30401, June 8, 1995] the supply and discharge equipment is
locked out. Persons entering the facil-
§ 57.15031 Location of self-rescue de- ity shall wear a safety belt or harness
vices.
equipped with a lifeline suitably fas-
(a) Except as provided in paragraph tened. A second person, similarly
(b) and (c) of this section, self-rescue equipped, shall be stationed near where
devices meeting the requirements of the lifeline is fastened and shall con-
standard 57.15030 shall be worn or car- stantly adjust it or keep it tight as
ried by all persons underground. needed, with minimum slack.
(b) Where the wearing or carrying of
self-rescue devices meeting the require- § 57.16003 Storage of hazardous mate-
ments of standard 57.15030 is hazardous rials.
to a person, such self-rescue devices
Materials that can create hazards if
shall be located at a distance no great-
er than 25 feet from such person. accidentally liberated from their con-
(c) Where a person works on or tainers shall be stored in a manner
around mobile equipment, self-rescue that minimizes the dangers.
devices may be placed in a readily ac-

cessible location on such equipment.
413
§ 57.16004 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 57.16004 Containers for hazardous § 57.16013 Working with molten metal.

materials. Suitable warning shall be given be-
Containers holding hazardous mate- fore molten metal is poured and before
rials must be of a type approved for a container of molten metal is moved.
such use by recognized agencies.
§ 57.16014 Operator-carrying overhead
[67 FR 42389, June 21, 2002] cranes.
Operator-carrying overhead cranes
§ 57.16005 Securing gas cylinders.
shall be provided with—
Compressed and liquid gas cylinders (a) Bumpers at each end of each rail;
shall be secured in a safe manner. (b) Automatic switches to halt
uptravel of the blocks before they
§ 57.16006 Protection of gas cylinder strike the hoist;
valves. (c) Effective audible warning signals
Valves on compressed gas cylinders within easy reach of the operator; and
shall be protected by covers when being (d) A means to lock out the dis-
transported or stored, and by a safe lo- connect switch.
cation when the cylinders are in use. § 57.16015 Work or travel on overhead
crane bridges.
§ 57.16007 Taglines, hitches, and slings.
No person shall work from or travel
(a) Taglines shall be attached to on the bridge of an overhead crane un-
loads that may require steadying or less the bridge is provided with sub-
guidance while suspended. stantial footwalks with toeboards and
(b) Hitches and slings used to hoist railings the length of the bridge.
materials shall be suitable for the par-
ticular material handled. § 57.16016 Lift trucks.
Fork and other similar types of lift
§ 57.16009 Suspended loads. trucks shall be operated with the:
Persons shall stay clear of suspended (a) Upright tilted back to steady and
loads. secure the load;
(b) Load in the upgrade position
§ 57.16010 Dropping materials from when ascending or descending grades in
overhead. excess of 10 percent;
To protect personnel, material shall (c) Load not raised or lowered
not be dropped from an overhead ele- enroute except for minor adjustments;
vation until the drop area is first and
(d) Load-engaging device downgrade
cleared of personnel and the area is
when traveling unloaded on all grades.
then either guarded or a suitable warn-
ing is given. § 57.16017 Hoisting heavy equipment
or material.
§ 57.16011 Riding hoisted loads or on
the hoist hook. Where the stretching or contraction
of a hoist rope could create a hazard,
Persons shall not ride on loads being chairs or other suitable blocking shall
moved by cranes or derricks, nor shall be used to support conveyances at
they ride the hoisting hooks unless shaft landings before heavy equipment
such method eliminates a greater haz- or material is loaded or unloaded.
ard.
§ 57.16012 Storage of incompatible sub-

stances. § 57.17001 Illumination of surface
Chemical substances, including con- working areas.
centrated acids and alkalies, shall be Illumination sufficient to provide
stored to prevent inadvertent contact safe working conditions shall be pro-
with each other or with other sub- vided in and on all surface structures,
stances, where such contact could paths, walkways, stairways, switch
cause a violent reaction or the libera- panels, loading and dumping sites, and
tion of harmful fumes or gases. working areas.
414
§ 57.17010 Electric lamps. § 57.18006 New employees.

Individual electric lamps shall be New employees shall be indoctrinated
carried for illumination by all persons in safety rules and safe work proce-
underground. dures.
§ 57.18009 Designation of person in

Subpart Q—Safety Programs charge.
SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND When persons are working at the
mine, a competent person designated
§ 57.18002 Examination of working by the mine operator shall be in at-
places. tendance to take charge in case of an
(a) A competent person designated by emergency.
the operator shall examine each work-
ing place at least once each shift before § 57.18010 First aid.
miners begin work in that place, for An individual capable of providing
conditions that may adversely affect first aid shall be available on all shifts.
safety or health. The individual shall be currently
(1) The operator shall promptly no- trained and have the skills to perform
tify miners in any affected areas of any patient assessment and artificial res-
conditions found that may adversely piration; control bleeding; and treat
affect safety or health and promptly shock, wounds, burns, and musculo-
initiate appropriate action to correct skeletal injuries. First aid training
such conditions. shall be made available to all inter-
(2) Conditions noted by the person ested miners.
conducting the examination that may
[61 FR 50436, Sept. 26, 1996]
present an imminent danger shall be
brought to the immediate attention of § 57.18012 Emergency telephone num-
the operator who shall withdraw all bers.
persons from the area affected (except
Emergency telephone numbers shall
persons referred to in section 104(c) of
be posted at appropriate telephones.
the Federal Mine Safety and Health
Act of 1977) until the danger is abated. § 57.18013 Emergency communications
(b) A record of each examination system.
shall be made before the end of the
A suitable communication system
shift for which the examination was
shall be provided at the mine to obtain
conducted. The record shall contain
assistance in the event of an emer-
the name of the person conducting the
gency.
examination; date of the examination;
location of all areas examined; and de- § 57.18014 Emergency medical assist-
scription of each condition found that ance and transportation.
may adversely affect the safety or
health of miners. Arrangements shall be made in ad-
vance for obtaining emergency medical
(c) When a condition that may ad-
assistance and transportation for in-
versely affect safety or health is cor-
jured persons.
rected, the examination record shall
include, or be supplemented to include, SURFACE ONLY
the date of the corrective action.
(d) The operator shall maintain the § 57.18020 Working alone.
examination records for at least one
No employee shall be assigned, or al-
year, make the records available for in-
lowed, or be required to perform work
spection by authorized representatives
alone in any area where hazardous con-
of the Secretary and the representa-
ditions exist that would endanger his
tives of miners, and provide these rep-
safety unless he can communicate with
resentatives a copy on request.
others, can be heard, or can be seen.

[84 FR 51401, Sept. 30, 2019]
415
§ 57.18025 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
UNDERGROUND ONLY office at least 2 years from the date of

instruction. Upon completion of such
§ 57.18025 Working alone. instruction, copies of the record shall
No employee shall be assigned, or al- be submitted to the District Manager.
lowed, or be required to perform work (e) The Bureau of Mines instruction
alone in any area where hazardous con- guides to which reference is made in
ditions exist that would endanger his items (a) and (b) of this standard are
safety unless his cries for help can be hereby incorporated by reference and
heard or he can be seen. made a part hereof. The incorporated
instruction guides are available and
§ 57.18028 Mine emergency and self-
rescuer training. shall be provided upon request made to
any Metal and Nonmetal Mine Safety
(a) On an annual basis, all persons and Health district office.
who are required to go underground
shall be instructed in the Mine Safety [50 FR 4082, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 71
and Health Administration approved FR 16667, Apr. 3, 2006]
course contained in Bureau of Mines
Instruction Guide 19, ‘‘Mine Emergency Subpart R—Personnel Hoisting
Training’’ (September 1972). The in-
struction shall be given by MSHA per- § 57.19000 Application.
sonnel or by persons who are certified
(a) The hoisting standards in this
by the District Manager of the area in
subpart apply to those hoists and ap-
which the mine is located.
purtenances used for hoisting persons.
(b) On an annual basis, all persons
who go underground shall be instructed However, where persons may be endan-
in the Mine Safety and Health Admin- gered by hoists and appurtenances used
istration course contained in Bureau of solely for handling ore, rock, and mate-
Mines Instruction Guide 2, ‘‘MSA W–65 rials, the appropriate standards should
Self-Rescuer’’ (March 1972) or Bureau be applied.
of Mines Instruction Guide 3, ‘‘Permis- (b) Standards 57.19021 through 57.19028
sible Drager 810 Respirator for Self- shall apply to wire ropes in service
Rescue’’ (March 1972). The instruction used to hoist—
shall be given by MSHA personnel or (1) Persons in shafts and slopes un-
by persons who are certified by the Dis- derground;
trict Manager of the area in which the (2) Persons with an incline hoist on
mine is located: Provided, however, the surface; or
That if a Mine Safety and Health Ad- (3) Loads in shaft or slope develop-
ministration instructor or a certified ment when persons work below sus-
instructor is not immediately available pended loads.
such instruction of new employees in (4) These standards do not apply to
self-rescuers may be conducted by wire ropes used for elevators.
qualified company personnel who are (c) Emergency hoisting facilities
not certified, but who have obtained should conform to the extent possible
provisional approval from the District to safety requirements for other hoists,
Manager. Any person who has not had and should be adequate to remove the
self-rescuer instruction within 12 persons from the mine with a minimum
months immediately preceding going
of delay.
underground shall be instructed in the
use of self-rescuers before going under- HOISTS
ground.
(c) All instructional material, hand- § 57.19001 Rated capacities.
outs, visual aids, and other such teach-
ing accessories used by the operator in Hoists shall have rated capacities
the courses prescribed in paragraphs consistent with the loads handled and
(a) and (b) of this section shall be the recommended safety factors of the
available for inspection by the Sec- ropes used.
retary or his authorized representative.
(d) Records of all instruction shall be § 57.19002 Anchoring.

kept at the mine site or nearest mine Hoists shall be anchored securely.
416
§ 57.19003 Driving mechanism connec- § 57.19011 Drum flanges.

tions.
Flanges on drums shall extend radi-
Belt, rope, or chains shall not be used ally a minimum of 4 inches or three
to connect driving mechanisms to man rope diameters beyond the last wrap,
hoists. whichever is the lesser.
§ 57.19004 Brakes. § 57.19012 Grooved drums.

Any hoist used to hoist persons shall Where grooved drums are used, the
be equipped with a brake or brakes grooves shall be of suitable size and
which shall be capable of holding its pitch for the ropes used.
fully loaded cage, skip, or bucket at
any point in the shaft. § 57.19013 Diesel- and other fuel-injec-
tion-powered hoists.
§ 57.19005 Locking mechanism for Where any diesel or similar fuel-in-
clutch. jection engine is used to power a hoist,
The operating mechanism of the the engine shall be equipped with a
clutch of every man-hoist drum shall damper or other cutoff in its air intake
be provided with a locking mechanism, system. The control handle shall be
or interlocked electrically or mechani- clearly labeled to indicate that its in-
tended function is for emergency stop-
cally with the brake to prevent acci-
ping only.
dental withdrawal of the clutch.
§ 57.19014 Friction hoist overtravel
§ 57.19006 Automatic hoist braking de- protection.
vices.
In a friction hoist installation, ta-
Automatic hoists shall be provided pered guides or other approved devices
with devices that automatically apply shall be installed above and below the
the brakes in the event of power fail- limits of regular travel of the convey-
ure. ance and arranged to prevent over-
travel in the event of failure of other
§ 57.19007 Overtravel and overspeed
devices.
devices.
All man hoists shall be provided with § 57.19017 Emergency braking for elec-
devices to prevent overtravel. When tric hoists.
utilized in shafts exceeding 100 feet in Each electric hoist shall be equipped
depth, such hoists shall also be pro- with a manually-operable switch that
vided with overspeed devices. will initiate emergency braking action
to bring the conveyance and the coun-
§ 57.19008 Friction hoist synchronizing terbalance safely to rest. This switch
mechanisms. shall be located within reach of the
Where creep or slip may alter the ef- hoistman in case the manual controls
fective position of safety devices, fric- of the hoist fail.
tion hoists shall be equipped with syn-
chronizing mechanisms that recali- § 57.19018 Overtravel by-pass switches.
brate the overtravel devices and posi- When an overtravel by-pass switch is
tion indicators. installed, the switch shall function so
as to allow the conveyance to be moved
§ 57.19009 Position indicator. through the overtravel position when
An accurate and reliable indicator of the switch is held in the closed position
the position of the cage, skip, bucket, by the hoistman. The overtravel by-
or cars in the shaft shall be provided. pass switch shall return automatically
to the open position when released by
§ 57.19010 Location of hoist controls. the hoistman.
Hoist controls shall be placed or WIRE ROPES
housed so that the noise from machin-
ery or other sources will not prevent AUTHORITY: Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety
hoistmen from hearing signals. and Health Act of 1977, Pub. L. 91–173 as
417
§ 57.19019 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
amended by Pub. L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30 damage, corrosion, and improper lubri-
U.S.C. 811). cation or dressing. In addition, visual
examination for wear and broken wires
§ 57.19019 Guide ropes.
shall be made at stress points, includ-
If guide ropes are used in shafts for ing the area near attachments, where
personnel hoisting applications other the rope rests on sheaves, where the
than shaft development, the nominal rope leaves the drum, at drum cross-
strength (manufacturer’s published overs, and at change-of-layer regions.
catalog strength) of the guide rope at When any visible condition that results
installation shall meet the minimum in a reduction of rope strength is
value calculated as follows: Minimum present, the affected portion of the
value = Static Load × 5.0. rope shall be examined on a daily basis.
(b) Before any person is hoisted with
§ 57.19021 Minimum rope strength.
a newly installed wire rope or any wire
At installation, the nominal strength rope that has not been examined in the
(manufacturer’s published catalog previous fourteen calendar days, the
strength) of wire ropes used for hoist- wire rope shall be examined in accord-
ing shall meet the minimum rope ance with paragraph (a) of this section.
strength values obtained by the fol- (c) At least once every six months,
lowing formulas in which ‘‘L’’ equals nondestructive tests shall be conducted
the maximum suspended rope length in of the active length of the rope, or rope
feet: diameter measurements shall be
(a) Winding drum ropes (all construc- made—
tions, including rotation resistant). (1) Wherever wear is evident;
For rope lengths less than 3,000 feet: Min- (2) Where the hoist rope rests on
imum Value = Static Load × (7.0 ¥ 0.001L) sheaves at regular stopping points;
For rope lengths 3,000 feet or greater: Min- (3) Where the hoist rope leaves the
imum Value = Static Load × 4.0. drum at regular stopping points; and
(b) Friction drum ropes. (4) At drum crossover and change-of-
For rope lengths less than 4,000 feet: Min-
layer regions.
imum Value = Static Load × (7.0 ¥ 0.0005L) (d) At the completion of each exam-
For rope lengths 4,000 feet or greater: Min- ination required by paragraph (a) of
imum Value = Static Load × 5.0. this section, the person making the ex-
(c) Tail ropes (balance ropes). amination shall certify, by signature
and date, that the examination has
Minimum Value = Weight of Rope × 7.0 been made. If any condition listed in
paragraph (a) of this section is present,
§ 57.19022 Initial measurement. the person conducting the examination
After initial rope stretch but before shall make a record of the condition
visible wear occurs, the rope diameter and the date. Certifications and records
of newly installed wire ropes shall be of examinations shall be retained for
measured at least once in every third one year.
interval of active length and the meas- (e) The person making the measure-
urements averaged to establish a base- ments or nondestructive tests as re-
line for subsequent measurements. A quired by paragraph (c) of this section
record of the measurements and the shall record the measurements or test
date shall be made by the person tak- results and the date. This record shall
ing the measurements. This record be retained until the rope is retired
shall be retained until the rope is re- from service.
tired from service.
§ 57.19024 Retirement criteria.
FR 33722, June 29, 1995] Unless damage or deterioration is re-
moved by cutoff, wire ropes shall be re-
§ 57.19023 Examinations. moved from service when any of the
(a) At least once every fourteen cal- following conditions occurs:
endar days, each wire rope in service (a) The number of broken wires with-
shall be visually examined along its en- in a rope lay length, excluding filler
tire active length for visible structural wires, exceeds either—
418
(1) Five percent of the total number § 57.19027 End attachment retermi-
of wires; or nation.
(2) Fifteen percent of the total num- Damaged or deteriorated wire rope
ber of wires within any strand. shall be removed by cutoff and the rope
(b) On a regular lay rope, more than reterminated where there is—
one broken wire in the valley between (a) More than one broken wire at an
strands in one rope lay length. attachment;
(c) A loss of more than one-third of (b) Improper installation of an at-
the original diameter of the outer tachment;
wires. (c) Slippage at an attachment; or
(d) Rope deterioration from corro- (d) Evidence of deterioration from
corrosion at an attachment.
sion.
(e) Distortion of the rope structure. § 57.19028 End attachment replace-
(f) Heat damage from any source. ment.
(g) Diameter reduction due to wear Wire rope attachments shall be re-
that exceeds six percent of the baseline placed when cracked, deformed, or ex-
diameter measurement. cessively worn.
(h) Loss of more than ten percent of
rope strength as determined by non- § 57.19030 Safety device attachments.
destructive testing. Safety device attachments to hoist
ropes shall be selected, installed, and
§ 57.19025 Load end attachments. maintained according to manufactur-
(a) Wire rope shall be attached to the ers’ specifications to minimize internal
load by a method that develops at least corrosion and weakening of the hoist
80 percent of the nominal strength of rope.
the rope. HEADFRAMES AND SHEAVES
(b) Except for terminations where use
of other materials is a design feature, § 57.19035 Headframe design.
zinc (spelter) shall be used for All headframes shall be constructed
socketing wire ropes. Design feature with suitable design considerations to
means either the manufacturer’s origi- allow for all dead loads, live loads, and
nal design or a design approved by a wind loads.
registered professional engineer
(c) Load end attachment methods § 57.19036 Headframe height.
using splices are prohibited. Headframes shall be high enough to
provide clearance for overtravel and
§ 57.19026 Drum end attachment. safe stopping of the conveyance.
(a) For drum end attachment, wire
§ 57.19037 Fleet angles.
rope shall be attached—
(1) Securely by clips after making Fleet angles on hoists installed after
one full turn around the drum spoke; November 15, 1979, shall not be greater
than one and one-half degrees for
(2) Securely by clips after making
smooth drums or two degrees for
one full turn around the shaft, if the
grooved drums.
drum is fixed to the shaft; or
(3) By properly assembled anchor § 57.19038 Platforms around elevated
bolts, clamps, or wedges, provided that head sheaves.
the attachment is a design feature of Platforms with toeboards and hand-
the hoist drum. Design feature means rails shall be provided around elevated
either the manufacturer’s original de- head sheaves.
sign or a design approved by a reg-
istered professional engineer. CONVEYANCES
(b) A minimum of three full turns of
§ 57.19045 Metal bonnets.
wire rope shall be on the drum when
Man cages and skips used for hoisting
the rope is extended to its maximum

working length. or lowering employees or other persons
in any vertical shaft or any incline
419
§ 57.19049 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
shaft with an angle of inclination of certify his fitness to perform this duty.
forty-five degrees from the horizontal, Such certification shall be available at
shall be covered with a metal bonnet. the mine.
§ 57.19049 Hoisting persons in buckets. § 57.19058 Experienced hoist opera-
tors.
Buckets shall not be used to hoist
persons except during shaft sinking op- Only experienced hoistmen shall op-
erations, inspection, maintenance, and erate the hoist except in cases of emer-
repairs. gency and in the training of new
hoistmen.
§ 57.19050 Bucket requirements.
§ 57.19061 Maximum hoisting speeds.
Buckets used to hoist persons during
vertical shaft sinking operations The safe speed for hoisting persons
shall— shall be determined for each shaft, and
(a) Be securely attached to a cross- this speed shall not be exceeded. Per-
head when traveling in either direction sons shall not be hoisted at a speed
between the lower and upper crosshead faster than 2,500 feet per minute, ex-
parking locations; cept in an emergency.
(b) Have overhead protection when
the shaft depth exceeds 50 feet; § 57.19062 Maximum acceleration and
deceleration.
(c) Have sufficient depth or a suit-
ably designed platform to transport Maximum normal operating accelera-
persons safely in a standing position; tion and deceleration shall not exceed 6
and feet per second per second. During
(d) Have devices to prevent acci- emergency braking, the deceleration
dental dumping where the bucket is shall not exceed 16 feet per second per
supported by a bail attached to its second.
lower half.
§ 57.19063 Persons allowed in hoist
§ 57.19054 Rope guides. room.
Where rope guides are used in shafts Only authorized persons shall be in
other than in shaft sinking operations, hoist rooms.
the rope guides shall be a type of lock
§ 57.19065 Lowering conveyances by
coil construction. the brakes.
HOISTING PROCEDURES Conveyances shall not be lowered by
the brakes alone except during emer-
§ 57.19055 Availability of hoist oper- gencies.
ator for manual hoists.
When a manually operated hoist is § 57.19066 Maximum riders in a con-
used, a qualified hoistman shall remain veyance.
within hearing of the telephone or sig- In shafts inclined over 45 degrees, the
nal device at all times while any per- operator shall determine and post in
son is underground. the conveyance or at each shaft station
the maximum number of persons per-
§ 57.19056 Availability of hoist oper- mitted to ride in a hoisting conveyance
ator for automatic hoists. at any one time. Each person shall be
When automatic hoisting is used, a provided a minimum of 1.5 square feet
competent operator of the hoist shall of floor space.
be readily available at or near the
hoisting device while any person is un- § 57.19067 Trips during shift changes.
derground. During shift changes, an authorized
person shall be in charge of each trip in
§ 57.19057 Hoist operator’s physical fit- which persons are hoisted.
ness.
No person shall operate a hoist un- § 57.19068 Orderly conduct in convey-
less within the preceding 12 months he ances.
has had a medical examination by a Persons shall enter, ride, and leave
qualified, licensed physician who shall conveyances in an orderly manner.
420
§ 57.19069 Entering and leaving con- per minute when within 100 feet of the
veyances. intended station.
Persons shall not enter or leave con-
§ 57.19077 Lowering buckets.
veyances which are in motion or after
a signal to move the conveyance has Buckets shall be stopped about 15
been given to the hoistman. feet from the shaft bottom to await a
signal from one of the crew on the bot-
§ 57.19070 Closing cage doors or gates. tom for further lowering.
Cage doors or gates shall be closed
§ 57.19078 Hoisting buckets from the
while persons are being hoisted; they shaft bottom.
shall not be opened until the cage has
come to a stop. All buckets shall be stopped after
being raised about three feet above the
§ 57.19071 Riding in skips or buckets. shaft bottom. A bucket shall be sta-
Persons shall not ride in skips or bilized before a hoisting signal is given
buckets with muck, supplies, mate- to continue hoisting the bucket to the
rials, or tools other than small hand crosshead. After a hoisting signal is
tools. given, hoisting to the crosshead shall
be at a minimum speed. The signaling
§ 57.19072 Skips and cages in same device shall be attended constantly
compartment. until a bucket reaches the guides.
When combinations of cages and When persons are hoisted, the signaling
skips are used in the same compart- devices shall be attended until the
ment, the cages shall be enclosed to crosshead has been engaged.
protect personnel from flying material § 57.19079 Blocking mine cars.
and the hoist speed reduced to man-
speed as defined in standard 57.19061, Where mine cars are hoisted by cage
but not to exceed 1,000 feet per minute. or skip, means for blocking cars shall
Muck shall not be hoisted with per- be provided at all landings and also on
sonnel during shift changes. the cage.
§ 57.19073 Hoisting during shift § 57.19080 Hoisting tools, timbers, and

changes. other materials.
Rock or supplies shall not be hoisted When tools, timbers, or other mate-
in the same shaft as persons during rials are being lowered or raised in a
shift changes, unless the compartments shaft by means of a bucket, skip, or
and dumping bins are partitioned to cage, they shall be secured or so placed
prevent spillage into the cage compart- that they will not strike the sides of
ment. the shaft.
§ 57.19074 Riding the bail, rim, bonnet, § 57.19081 Conveyances not in use.
or crosshead. When conveyances controlled by a
Persons shall not ride the bail, rim, hoist operator are not in use, they
bonnet, or crosshead of any shaft con- shall be released and the conveyances
veyance except when necessary for in- shall be raised or lowered a suitable
spection and maintenance, and then distance to prevent persons from
only when suitable protection for per- boarding or loading the conveyances.
sons is provided.
§ 57.19083 Overtravel backout device.
§ 57.19075 Use of open hooks. A manually operated device shall be
Open hooks shall not be used to hoist installed on each electric hoist that
buckets or other conveyances. will allow the conveyance or counter-
balance to be removed from an over-
§ 57.19076 Maximum speeds for hoist- travel position. Such device shall not
ing persons in buckets. release the brake, or brakes, holding
When persons are hoisted in buckets, the overtravelled conveyance or coun-
speeds shall not exceed 500 feet per terbalance until sufficient drive motor
minute and shall not exceed 200 feet torque has been developed to assure
421
§ 57.19090 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
movement of the conveyance or coun- SHAFTS

terbalance in the correct direction
only. § 57.19100 Shaft landing gates.
Shaft landings shall be equipped with
SIGNALING substantial safety gates so constructed
that materials will not go through or
§ 57.19090 Dual signaling systems. under them; gates shall be closed ex-
There shall be at least two effective cept when loading or unloading shaft
approved methods of signaling between conveyances.
each of the shaft stations and the hoist
§ 57.19101 Stopblocks and derail
room, one of which shall be a telephone switches.
or speaking tube.
Positive stopblocks or a derail switch
§ 57.19091 Signaling instructions to shall be installed on all tracks leading
hoist operator. to a shaft collar or landing.
Hoist operators shall accept hoisting § 57.19102 Shaft guides.
instructions only by the regular sig- A means shall be provided to guide
naling system unless it is out of order. the movement of a shaft conveyance.
In such an event, and during other
emergencies, the hoist operator shall § 57.19103 Dumping facilities and load-
accept instructions to direct movement ing pockets.
of the conveyances only from author- Dumping facilities and loading pock-
ized persons. ets shall be constructed so as to mini-
mize spillage into the shaft.
§ 57.19092 Signaling from conveyances.
§ 57.19104 Clearance at shaft stations.
A method shall be provided to signal
the hoist operator from cages or other Suitable clearance at shaft stations
conveyances at any point in the shaft. shall be provided to allow safe move-
ment of persons, equipment and mate-
§ 57.19093 Standard signal code. rials.
A standard code of hoisting signals § 57.19105 Landings with more than
shall be adopted and used at each mine. one shaft entrance.
The movement of a shaft conveyance A safe means of passage around open
on a ‘‘one bell’’ signal is prohibited. shaft compartments shall be provided
on landings with more than one en-
§ 57.19094 Posting signal code. trance to the shaft.
A legible signal code shall be posted
prominently in the hoist house within § 57.19106 Shaft sets.
easy view of the hoistmen, and at each Shaft sets shall be kept in good re-
place where signals are given or repair and clean of hazardous material.
ceived.
§ 57.19107 Precautions for work in
§ 57.19095 Location of signal devices. compartment affected by hoisting
operation.
Hoisting signal devices shall be posi-
Hoistmen shall be informed when
tioned within easy reach of persons on
persons are working in a compartment
the shaft bottom or constantly at- affected by that hoisting operation and
tended by a person stationed on the a ‘‘Men Working in Shaft’’ sign shall be
lower deck of the sinking platform. posted at the hoist.
§ 57.19096 Familiarity with signal § 57.19108 Posting warning signs dur-
code. ing shaft work.
Any person responsible for receiving When persons are working in a shaft
or giving signals for cages, skips, and ‘‘Men Working in Shaft’’ signs shall be
mantrips when persons or materials posted at all devices controlling hoist-
are being transported shall be familiar ing operations that may endanger such
with the posted signaling code. persons.
422
§ 57.19109 Shaft inspection and repair. § 57.19122 Replacement parts.

Shaft inspection and repair work in Parts used to repair hoists shall have
vertical shafts shall be performed from properties that will ensure the proper
substantial platforms equipped with and safe function of the hoist.
bonnets or equivalent overhead protec-
§ 57.19129 Examinations and tests at
tion. beginning of shift.
§ 57.19110 Overhead protection for Hoistmen shall examine their hoists
shaft deepening work. and shall test overtravel, deadman con-
trols, position indicators, and braking
A substantial bulkhead or equivalent mechanisms at the beginning of each
protection shall be provided above per- shift.
sons at work deepening a shaft.
§ 57.19130 Conveyance shaft test.
§ 57.19111 Shaft-sinking ladders.
Before hoisting persons and to assure
Substantial fixed ladders shall be that the hoisting compartments are
provided from the collar to as near the clear of obstructions, empty hoist con-
shaft bottom as practical during shaft- veyances shall be operated at least one
sinking operations, or an escape hoist round trip after—
powered by an emergency power source (a) Any hoist or shaft repairs or re-
shall be provided. When persons are on lated equipment repairs that might re-
the shaft bottom, a chain ladder, wire strict or obstruct conveyance clear-
rope ladder, or other extension ladders ance;
shall be used from the fixed ladder or (b) Any oversize or overweight mate-
rial or equipment trips that might re-
lower limit of the escape hoist to the
strict or obstruct conveyance clear-
shaft bottom.
ance;
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE (c) Blasting in or near the shaft that
might restrict or obstruct conveyance
§ 57.19120 Procedures for inspection, clearance; or
testing, and maintenance. (d) Remaining idle for one shift or
longer.
A systematic procedure of inspection,
testing and maintenance of shaft and § 57.19131 Hoist conveyance connec-
hoisting equipment shall be developed tions.
and followed. If it is found or suspected Hoist conveyance connections shall
that any part is not functioning prop- be inspected at least once during any
erly, the hoist shall not be used until 24-hour period that the conveyance is
the malfunction has been located and used for hoisting persons.
repaired or adjustments have been
made. § 57.19132 Safety catches.
(a) A performance drop test of hoist
§ 57.19121 Recordkeeping. conveyance safety catches shall be
At the time of completion, the person made at the time of installation, or
prior to installation in a mockup of the
performing inspections, tests, and
actual installation. The test shall be
maintenance of shafts and hoisting
certified to in writing by the manufac-
equipment required in standard 57.19120 turer or by a registered professional
shall certify, by signature and date, engineer performing the test.
that they have been done. A record of (b) After installation and before use,
any part that is not functioning prop- and at the beginning of any seven day
erly shall be made and dated. Certifi- period during which the conveyance is
cations and records shall be retained to be used, the conveyance shall be
for one year. suitably rested and the hoist rope
(Sec. 101, Pub. L. 91–173 as amended by Pub.
slackened to test for the unrestricted
L. 95–164, 91 Stat. 1291 (30 U.S.C. 811)) functioning of the safety catches and
their activating mechanisms.
[50 FR 4082, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 60 (c) The safety catches shall be in-
FR 33722, June 29, 1995] spected by a competent person at the
423
§ 57.19133 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
beginning of any 24-hour period that processes are used, drainage shall be
the conveyance is to be used. maintained, and false floors, platforms,
mats, or other dry standing places
§ 57.19133 Shaft. shall be provided where practicable;
Shafts that have not been inspected and
within the past 7 days shall not be used (c) Every floor, working place, and
until an inspection has been conducted passageway shall be kept free from pro-
by a competent person. truding nails, splinters, holes, or loose
§ 57.19134 Sheaves. boards, as practicable.
Sheaves in operating shafts shall be § 57.20005 Carbon tetrachloride.
inspected weekly and kept properly lu-
bricated. Carbon tetrachloride shall not be
used.
§ 57.19135 Rollers in inclined shafts.
§ 57.20008 Toilet facilities.
Rollers used in operating inclined
shafts shall be lubricated, properly (a) Toilet facilities shall be provided
aligned, and kept in good repair. at locations that are compatible with
the mine operations and that are read-
Subpart S—Miscellaneous ily accessible to mine personnel.
(b) The facilities shall be kept clean
§ 57.20001 Intoxicating beverages and and sanitary. Separate toilet facilities
narcotics. shall be provided for each sex except
Intoxicating beverages and narcotics where toilet rooms will be occupied by
shall not be permitted or used in or no more than one person at a time and
around mines. Persons under the influ- can be locked from the inside.
ence of alcohol or narcotics shall not
be permitted on the job. § 57.20009 Tests for explosive dusts.
§ 57.20002 Potable water. Dusts suspected of being explosive
shall be tested for explosibility. If tests
(a) An adequate supply of potable prove positive, appropriate control
drinking water shall be provided at all
measures shall be taken.
active working areas.
(b) The common drinking cup and § 57.20010 Retaining dams.
containers from which drinking water
must be dipped or poured are prohib- If failure of a water or silt retaining
ited. dam will create a hazard, it shall be of
(c) Where single service cups are sup- substantial construction and inspected
plied, a sanitary container for unused at regular intervals.
cups and a receptacle for used cups
shall be provided. § 57.20011 Barricades and warning
(d) When water is cooled by ice, the signs.
ice shall either be of potable water or Areas where health or safety hazards
shall not come in contact with the exist that are not immediately obvious
water. to employees shall be barricaded, or
(e) Potable water outlets shall be warning signs shall be posted at all ap-
posted. proaches. Warning signs shall be read-
(f) Potable water systems shall be ily visible, legible, and display the na-
constructed to prevent backflow or
ture of the hazard and any protective
backsiphonage of non-potable water.
action required.
§ 57.20003 Housekeeping.
§ 57.20013 Waste receptacles.
At all mining operations—
(a) Workplaces, passageways, store- Receptacles with covers shall be pro-
rooms, and service rooms shall be kept vided at suitable locations and used for
clean and orderly; the disposal of waste food and associ-
(b) The floor of every workplace shall ated materials. They shall be emptied
be maintained in a clean and, so far as frequently and shall be maintained in a

possible, dry condition. Where wet clean and sanitary condition.
424
§ 57.20014 Prohibited areas for food of the categories or subcategories de-

and beverages. fined in this subpart. Mines shall oper-
No person shall be allowed to con- ate in accordance with the applicable
sume or store food or beverages in a standards in this subpart to protect
toilet room or in any area exposed to a persons against the hazards of methane
toxic material. gas and dust containing volatile mat-
ter. The standards in this subpart
§ 57.20020 Unattended mine openings. apply to underground mines as well as
Access to unattended mine openings surface mills at Subcategory I-C mines.
shall be restricted by gates or doors, or These mines are also required to be op-
the openings shall be fenced and post- erated in accordance with the other ap-
ed. plicable health and safety standards
published in 30 CFR part 57.
§ 57.20021 Abandoned mine openings.
Upon abandonment of a mine, the
owner or operator shall effectively The following definitions apply in
close or fence off all surface openings this subpart:
down which persons could fall or Competent person. A person des-
through which persons could enter. ignated by the mine operator who has
Upon or near all such safeguards, tres- sufficient experience and training to
pass warnings and appropriate danger perform the assigned task.
Explosive material. Explosives, blast-
notices shall be posted.
ing agents, and detonators. Explosives
§ 57.20031 Blasting underground in are substances classified as explosives
hazardous areas. by the Department of Transportation
In underground areas where dan- in §§ 173.53, 173.88, and 173.100 of Title 49
gerous accumulations of water, gas, of the Code of Federal Regulations
mud, or fire atmosphere could be en- (1986 Edition). Blasting agents are sub-
countered, persons shall be removed to stances classified as blasting agents by
safe places before blasting. the Department of Transportation in
§ 173.114(a) of Title 49 of the Code of
§ 57.20032 Two-way communication Federal Regulations (1986 Edition).
equipment for underground oper- Detonators are devices containing a
ations. detonating charge used to initiate ex-
Telephones or other two-way commu- plosives. Examples of detonators are
nication equipment with instructions blasting caps, electric or non-electric
for their use shall be provided for com- instantaneous or delay blasting caps
munication from underground oper- and delay connectors. [A copy of Title
ations to the surface. 49 is available at any Metal and
Nonmetal Mine Safety and Health Dis-
Health Administration].
Subpart T—Safety Standards for Substantial construction. Construction
Methane in Metal and of such strength, material, and work-
Nonmetal Mines manship that the object will withstand
air blasts, blasting shock, ground
AUTHORITY: 30 U.S.C. 811. movement, pressure differentials, wear,
SOURCE: 52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987, unless and usage which may be expected to
otherwise noted. occur in the mining environment.
GENERAL FR 38842, June 29, 2004]
§ 57.22001 Scope. MINE CATEGORIZATION
This subpart T sets forth procedures
and safety standards for each metal § 57.22003 Mine category or sub-
and nonmetal underground mine subcategory.
ject to the Federal Mine Safety and (a) All underground mines, and the
Health Act of 1977. All metal and surface mills of Subcategory I-C mines
nonmetal mines will be placed into one (gilsonite), shall be placed into one of
425
§ 57.22003 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
the following categories or subcat- (2) Category II applies to domal salt

egories to protect persons against the mines where the history of the mine or
hazards of methane and dusts con- geological area indicates the occur-
taining volatile matter. Categories and rence of or the potential for an out-
subcategories are defined as follows: burst. Category II is divided into Sub-
(1) Category I applies to mines that categories II-A and II-B as follows:
operate within a combustible ore body (i) Subcategory II-A applies to domal
and either liberate methane or have
salt mines where an outburst report-
the potential to liberate methane based
able under § 57.22004(c)(1) has occurred.
on the history of the mine or the geo-
logical area in which the mine is lo- (ii) Subcategory II-B applies to domal
cated. Category I is divided into Sub- salt mines where an outburst report-
categories I-A, I-B, and I-C as follows: able under § 57.22004(c)(1) has not oc-
(i) Subcategory I-A applies to mines curred, but which have the potential
that operate within a combustible ore for an outburst based on the history of
body and liberate methane and in the mine or geological area in which
which— the mine is located.
(A) A concentration of 0.25 percent or (3) Category III applies to mines in
more methane has been detected in the which noncombustible ore is extracted
mine atmosphere and confirmed by lab- and which liberate a concentration of
oratory analysis; or methane that is explosive, or is capable
(B) An ignition of methane has oc- of forming explosive mixtures with air,
curred. or have the potential to do so based on
(ii) Subcategory I-B applies to mines the history of the mine or the geologi-
that operate within a combustible ore cal area in which the mine is located.
body and have the potential to liberate
The concentration of methane in such
methane based on the history of the
mines is explosive or is capable of
mine or geological area in which the
mine is located and in which— forming explosive mixtures if mixed
(A) A concentration of 0.25 percent or with air as illustrated by Table 1
more methane has not been detected in below, entitled ‘‘Relation Between
the mine atmosphere; and Quantitative Composition and
(B) An ignition of methane has not Explosibility of Mixtures of Methane
occurred. and Air’’.
(iii) Subcategory I-C applies to mines
in which the product extracted is com-
bustible and the dust has a volatile
Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter in
matter content of 60 percent or more the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke. (This
measured on a moisture free basis1. document is available at any Metal and
Nonmetal Mine Safety and Health District
1 Measured by the American Society for Office of the Mine Safety and Health Admin-
Testing and Materials, ASTM D 3175–82, istration).
426
(4) Category IV applies to mines in (5) Category V applies to petroleum

which noncombustible ore is extracted mines. Category V is divided into Sub-
and which liberate a concentration of categories V-A and V-B as follows:
methane that is not explosive nor capa- (i) Subcategory V-A applies to petro-
ble of forming explosive mixtures with leum mines that operate entirely or
air based on the history of the mine or partially within an oil reservoir; and
the geological area in which the mine all other petroleum mines in which—
is located. The concentration of meth- (A) A concentration of 0.25 percent or
ane in such mines is not explosive nor more methane has been detected in the
capable of forming explosive mixtures mine atmosphere and confirmed by lab-
if mixed with air as illustrated by oratory analysis; or
Table 1 above, entitled ‘‘Relation Be- (B) An ignition of methane has oc-
tween Quantitative Composition and curred.
Explosibility of Mixtures of Methane
(ii) Subcategory V-B applies to petro-

and Air’’. leum mines that operate outside of and
427
EC21OC91.048</GPH>
§ 57.22004 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
drill into an oil reservoir and in (a) The Administrator’s proposed no-
which— tice of placement or change in place-
(A) A concentration of 0.25 percent or ment shall be sent to the mine oper-
more methane has not been detected in ator and the appropriate representative
the mine atmosphere; and of miners and shall include—
(B) An ignition of methane has not (1) The category or subcategory;
occurred. (2) The reasons for placement or
(6) Category VI applies to mines in change in placement;
which the presence of methane has not (3) The data considered;
been established and are not included (4) The applicable standards and a
in another category or subcategory. time schedule for the mine operator to
(b) Category or subcategory place- achieve compliance;
ment or change in placement shall in- (5) Whether or not conditions encoun-
clude consideration of the following: tered during primary or access develop-
(1) The history and geology of the ment are transient or permanent; and
mine or of the geological area in which (6) Notification of the right to appeal
the mine is located; the Administrator’s determination
(2) The ore body and host rock; under § 57.22005.
(3) The character, amount, duration, (b) The operator or the representa-
origin, and nature of methane emission tive of the miners shall have the right
and the presence of explosive dust and to request of the Administrator reas-
inert gases; and signment of the mine to a more appro-
(4) Whether or not conditions encoun- priate category or subcategory if,
tered during primary or access develop- based on operating experience, the con-
ment are transient or permanent. ditions set forth in § 57.22003(b) indicate
(c)(1) Gas samples for the purpose of that the hazards of methane exist
category or subcategory placement or under circumstances more appro-
change in placement, and for deter- priately governed by a different cat-
mining action levels, shall be taken in egory or subcategory. In response to
the mine atmosphere. Gas samples such a request, the procedures set forth
taken to determine the nature and ex- in paragraph (d) of this section shall
tent of an occurrence under § 57.22004 apply. While the request for category
(c) and (d) may be taken at any loca- or subcategory reassignment is pend-
tion, including the source, point of ing, the mine shall continue to operate
entry and the mine atmosphere. under the standards for the category or
(2) Tests for methane shall be made subcategory to which originally as-
with hand-held methanometers, meth- signed.
ane monitors, atmospheric monitoring (c) MSHA shall be notified as soon as
systems, devices used to provide lab- possible if any of the following events
oratory analysis of samples, or with occur:
other equally effective sampling de- (1) An outburst that results in 0.25
vices. However, only methane samples percent or more methane in the mine
that have been confirmed by labora- atmosphere;
tory analysis shall be used for category (2) A blowout that results in 0.25 per-
or subcategory placement or change in cent or more methane in the mine at-
placement. mosphere;
(d) Each mine and mill shall be re- (3) An ignition of methane; or
quired to operate in accordance with (4) Air sample results that indicate
the safety standards applicable to its 0.25 percent or more methane in the
particular category or subcategory. mine atmosphere of a Subcategory I-B,
I-C, II-B, V-B or Category VI mine.
§ 57.22004 Category placement or (d) The Administrator shall promptly
change in placement. appoint an MSHA committee to inves-
The Administrator for Metal and tigate occurrences reported in accord-
Nonmetal Mine Safety and Health (Ad- ance with paragraph (c) of this section
ministrator) shall be responsible for or requests filed in accordance with
category and subcategory placement, paragraph (b) of this section. Upon
change in placement, and notification completion of an investigation, the

of placement of mines. committee shall make a written report
428
of the findings. These investigations be in writing and contain the following

may include an evaluation of the fol- information:
lowing: (1) Name, address, and mine identi-
(1) Source, nature, and extent of oc- fication number;
currences; (2) A concise statement of the reason
(2) Conditions under which the inci- why the Administrator’s determination
dent occurred; is inappropriate; and
(3) Samples and tests; (3) A copy of the Administrator’s de-
(4) Physical conditions at the time of termination.
the occurrence; (c) The mine operator shall post a
(5) Charts, logs, and records related copy of the Administrator’s determina-
to the occurrence; tion and the request for a hearing on
(6) Whether the occurrence is iso- the mine bulletin board, and shall
lated, continuous, or could recur; maintain the posting until the place-
(7) Conditions indicating that the ment becomes final.
hazards of methane no longer exist or (d) Promptly after receipt of the re-
exist under circumstances more appro- quest for a hearing, the Assistant Sec-
priately governed by a different cat- retary shall refer to the Chief Adminis-
egory or subcategory; trative Law Judge, United States De-
(8) The geology of the mine and the partment of Labor, the following:
geological area in which the mine is lo- (1) The request for a hearing;
cated; and (2) The Administrator’s determina-
(9) Statements by witnesses, com- tion; and
pany officials, employees, and other (3) All information upon which the
persons having knowledge of the mine Administrator’s determination was
or the occurrence. Representatives of based.
the mine operator, the miners and the (e) The hearing shall be regulated
appropriate State agency may partici- and conducted by an Administrative
pate in the investigation. Law Judge in accordance with 29 CFR
[52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987, as amended at 52 part 18, entitled, ‘‘Rules of Practice
FR 41397, Oct. 27, 1987; 60 FR 33722, June 29, and Procedure for Administrative
1995] Hearings Before the Office of Adminis-
trative Law Judges.’’ Once the Admin-
§ 57.22005 Notice and appeal of place- istrative Law Judge has made an ini-
ment or change in placement. tial decision and served each party, the
(a) The Administrator’s determina- decision shall be final on the 30th day
tion of category or subcategory place- after service, unless discretionary re-
ment or change in placement shall be- view is undertaken by the Assistant
come final upon the 30th day after it is Secretary or an appeal is filed by the
served on the mine operator and rep- mine operator or representative of the
resentative of miners, unless a request miners under paragraph (f) of this sec-
for a hearing has been filed. Service of tion.
the Administrator’s determination is (f) Within 30 days after service of an
complete upon mailing by registered or initial decision of an Administrative
certified mail, return receipt re- Law Judge, the Assistant Secretary for
quested. Mine Safety and Health may undertake
(b) The mine operator or representa- a discretionary review of the initial de-
tive of miners may obtain review of the cision, or the mine operator, or rep-
Administrator’s determination by fil- resentative of the miners may appeal
ing a request for a hearing with the As- the initial decision of the Administra-
sistant Secretary of Labor for Mine tive Law Judge to the Assistant Sec-
Safety and Health, Mine Safety and retary.
Health Administration, 201 12th Street (1) The Assistant Secretary shall give
South, Arlington, VA 22202–5452 within notice of discretionary review to the
30 days of the Administrator’s determine operator and representative of
mination. Service of a request for hear- the miners. The mine operator or rep-
ing is completed upon mailing by reg- resentative of the miners shall give no-
istered or certified mail, return receipt tice of an appeal to the other party.
requested. Requests for a hearing shall The notice shall specify the suggested
429
§ 57.22101 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
changes and refer to the specific find- standards applicable to the category to
ings of fact, conclusions of law, and which presently assigned until cat-
terms of the initial decision to be re- egory placement is final.
viewed or appealed. The Assistant Sec- [52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987; 52 FR 27903, July 24,
retary shall fix a time for filing any ob- 1987, as amended at 67 FR 38385, June 4, 2002;
jections to the suggested changes and 80 FR 52988, Sept. 2, 2015]
supporting reasons.
(2) The Assistant Secretary shall FIRE PREVENTION AND CONTROL
promptly notify the Administrative NOTE: The Category or Subcategory appli-
Law Judge of a discretionary review or cability of each standard appears in the pa-
an appeal. The entire record of the pro- rentheses of each standard’s title line.
ceedings shall be transmitted to the
Assistant Secretary for review. § 57.22101 Smoking (I-A, II-A, III, and
(3) The Assistant Secretary shall V-A mines).
make the final decision based upon Persons shall not smoke or carry
consideration of the record of the pro- smoking materials, matches, or light-
ceedings. The final decision may af- ers underground. The operator shall in-
firm, modify, or set aside in whole or in stitute a reasonable program to assure
part, the findings and conclusions con- that persons entering the mine do not
tained in the initial decision. A state- carry such items.
ment of reasons for the action taken
shall be included in the final decision. § 57.22102 Smoking (I-C mines).
The final decision shall be served upon (a) Persons shall not smoke or carry
the mine operator and representative smoking materials, matches, or light-
of the miners. ers underground or within 50 feet of a
(g) Unless a decision by the Adminis- mine opening. The operator shall insti-
trator for Metal and Nonmetal Mine tute a reasonable program to assure
Safety and Health, or the initial deci- that persons entering the mine do not
sion of the Administrative Law Judge, carry such items.
is appealed within 30 days, it becomes (b) Smoking is prohibited in surface
final, and is not subject to judicial re- milling facilities except in designated,
view for the purposes of 5 U.S.C. 704. dust-free smoking areas.
Only a decision by the Assistant Sec-
retary shall be considered final Agency § 57.22103 Open flames (I-A, II-A, III,
action for purposes of judicial review. and V-A mines).
Any such appeal must be filed in the Open flames shall not be permitted
appropriate circuit of the United underground except for welding, cut-
States Court of Appeal. ting, and other maintenance oper-
(h) While a final decision of category ations, and for igniting underground
placement is pending the following pro- retorts in a Subcategory I-A mine.
cedures shall apply: When using open flames in other than
(1) Where a mine has been classified fresh air, or in places where methane
as gassy prior to the effective date of may enter the air current, tests for
these standards, existing gassy mines methane shall be conducted by a com-
standards 30 CFR 57.21001 through petent person before work is started
57.21101 (1986 Edition) shall continue to and every 10 minutes until the job is
be applicable until placement is final. completed. Continuous methane mon-
(2) Where a mine has not been classi- itors with audible alarms may be used
fied as gassy prior to the effective date after the initial test has been con-
of these standards and it is placed in ducted as an alternative to the ten-
Categories I through V, the mine shall minute interval testing requirement.
comply with Category VI standards Open flames shall not be used in
(§§ 57.22231, 57.22232, 57.22236, and atmospheres containing 0.5 percent or
57.22238) until placement is final. more methane.
(3) Where a mine has been classified
in Categories I through V after the ef- § 57.22104 Open flames (I-C mines).
fective date of these standards and cat- (a) Open flames, including cutting
egory reassignment is being consid- and welding, shall not be used under-
ered, the mine shall comply with the ground.
430
(b) Welding and cutting shall not be would be created by an explosion un-
done within 50 feet of a mine opening derground. The area of the doors or
unless all persons are out of the mine weak-wall shall be at least equivalent
and the mine opening is covered. The to the average cross-sectional area of
cover shall be a substantial material, the airway.
such as metal or wood, topped with a (c) (1) All main fan-related electrical
layer of wetted material to prevent equipment and cables located within or
sparks and flames from entering the exposed to the forward or reverse air-
mine opening. stream shall be approved by MSHA
under the appliable requirements of 30
§ 57.22105 Smoking and open flames
(IV mines). CFR part 18;
(2) Drive belts and nonmetallic fan
Smoking or open flames shall not be blades shall be constructed of static-
permitted in a face or raise, or during
conducting material; and
release of gas from a borehole until
tests have been conducted in accord- (3) Aluminum alloy fan blades shall
ance with § 57.22226 and the methane not contain more than 0.5 percent mag-
level has been determined to be below nesium. [Paragraph (c)(3) of this sec-
0.5 percent. tion does not apply to Subcategory I-C
mines].
§ 57.22106 Dust containing volatile (d) When an internal combustion en-
matter (I-C mines). gine is used to power a main fan or as
Dust containing volatile matter shall standby power, the engine shall be—
not be allowed to accumulate on the (1) Installed in a noncombustible
surfaces of enclosures, facilities, or housing;
equipment used in surface milling in (2) Protected from a possible fuel
amounts that, if suspended in air, supply fire or explosion; and
would become an explosive mixture. An (3) Located out of direct line with the
explosive mixture of dust containing forward and reverse airstream provided
volatile matter is 0.02 ounce or more by the fan. Engine exhaust gases shall
per cubic foot of air. be vented to the atmosphere so that ex-
haust cannot contaminate mine intake
VENTILATION
air.
§ 57.22201 Mechanical ventilation (I-A, (e) For Subcategory I-A mines only:
I-B, I-C, II-A, II-B, III, IV, V-A, and Main exhaust fans shall be equipped
V-B mines). with methane monitors to give an
All mines shall be ventilated me- alarm when methane in the return air
chanically. reaches 0.5 percent. The alarm shall be
located so that it can be seen or heard
§ 57.22202 Main fans (I-A, I-B, I-C, II-A, by a person designated by the mine op-
III, V-A, and V-B mines). erator.
(a) Main fans shall be—
(1) Installed on the surface in non- FR 41397, Oct. 27, 1987]
combustible housings provided with
noncombustible air ducts; § 57.22203 Main fan operation (I-C
(2) Except in Subcategory I-A mines, mines).
provided with an automatic signal de-
vice to give an alarm when the fan Main fans shall be operated continu-
stops. The signal device shall be lo- ously while ore production is in
cated so that it can be seen or heard by progress.
a person designated by the mine oper-
§ 57.22204 Main fan operation and in-
ator. spection (I-A, II-A, III, and V-A
(b) Fan installations shall be— mines).
(1) Offset so that the fan and its asso-
ciated components are not in direct Main fans shall be—
line with possible explosive forces; (a) Provided with a pressure-record-
(2) Equipped with explosion-doors, a ing system; and
weak-wall, or other equivalent devices (b) Inspected daily while operating if

located to relieve the pressure that persons are underground. Certification
431
§ 57.22205 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
of inspections shall be made by signa- (i) 1.0 percent at the fan in Sub-
ture and date. Certifications and pres- category I-A, Category III, and Sub-
sure recordings shall be retained for at category V-A mines; and
least one year and made available to an (ii) 0.5 percent at the fan in Sub-
authorized representative of the Sec- category II-A mines.
retary. (2) Equipped with a device that auto-
matically deenergizes power in affected
FR 41397, Oct. 27, 1987; 60 FR 33722, June 29, workings should the fan stop; and
1995] (3) Equipped with starting and stop-
ping controls located at the fan and at
§ 57.22205 Doors on main fans (I-A, II- another accessible remote location.
A, III, and V-A mines). (b) Booster fan installations, except
In mines ventilated by multiple main for booster fans installed in ducts,
fans, each main fan installation shall shall be—
be equipped with noncombustible (1) Provided with doors which open
doors. Such doors shall automatically automatically when all fans in the in-
close to prevent air reversal through stallation stop; and
the fan. The doors shall be located so (2) Provided with an air lock when
that they are not in direct line with ex- passage through the fan bulkhead is
plosive forces which could come out of necessary.
the mine.
§ 57.22208 Auxiliary fans (I-A, II-A, III,
§ 57.22206 Main ventilation failure (I- and V-A mines).
A, II-A, III, and V-A mines). (a) Auxiliary fans, except fans used in
(a) When there has been a main ven- shops and other areas which have been
tilation failure, such as stoppage of so designed that methane cannot enter
main fans or failure of other compo- the airway, shall be approved by MSHA
nents of the main ventilation system, under the applicable requirements of 30
tests for methane shall be conducted in CFR part 18, and be operated so that
affected active workings until normal recirculation is minimized. Auxiliary
air flow has resumed. fans shall not be used to ventilate work
(b) If a total failure of ventilation oc- places during the interruption of nor-
curs while all persons are out of the mal mine ventilation.
mine and the failure lasts for more (b) Tests for methane shall be made
than 30 minutes, only competent per- at auxiliary fans before they are start-
sons shall be allowed underground to ed.
examine the mine or to make nec-
§ 57.22209 Auxiliary fans (I-C mines).
essary ventilation changes. Other per-
sons may reenter the mine after the Electric auxiliary fans shall be ap-
main fans have been operational for at proved by MSHA under the applicable
least 30 minutes, or after the mine at- requirements of 30 CFR part 18. Tests
mosphere has been tested and contains for methane shall be made at electric
less than 1.0 percent methane. Persons auxiliary fans before they are started.
other than examiners shall not reenter Such fans shall not be operated when
a Subcategory II-A mine until the air passing over or through them con-
methane level is less than 0.5 percent. tains 0.5 percent or more methane.
§ 57.22207 Booster fans (I-A, II-A, III, § 57.22210 In-line filters (I-C mines).
and V-A mines). Filters or separators shall be in-
(a) Booster fans shall be approved by stalled on air-lift fan systems to pre-
MSHA under the applicable require- vent explosive concentrations of dust
ments of 30 CFR part 18, and be— from passing through the fan.
(1) Provided with an automatic signal
device located so that it can be seen or § 57.22211 Air flow (I-A mines).
heard by a person designated by the The average air velocity in the last
mine operator to give an alarm when open crosscut in pairs or sets of devel-
the fan stops or when methane reaches oping entries, or through other ventila-
the following levels: tion openings nearest the face, shall be
432
at least 40 feet per minute. The veloc- equivalent, and provided with pressure-
ity of air ventilating each face at a relief devices.
work place shall be at least 20 feet per (b) During development of openings
minute. to the surface—
(1) Ventilation tubing approved by
§ 57.22212 Air flow (I-C, II-A, and V-A MSHA in accordance with 30 CFR part
mines). 7 or previously issued a BC or VT ac-
Air flow across each working face ceptance number by the MSHA Ap-
shall be sufficient to carry away any proval and Certification Center may be
accumulation of methane, smoke, used for separation of main air cur-
fumes, and dust. rents in the same opening. Flexible
ventilation tubing shall not exceed 250
§ 57.22213 Air flow (III mines). feet in length.
(2) Only development related to mak-
The quantity of air coursed through ing a primary ventilation connection
the last open crosscut in pairs or sets may be performed beyond 250 feet of
of entries, or through other ventilation the shaft.
openings nearest the face, shall be at
least 6,000 cubic feet per minute, or [52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987, as amended at 54
9,000 cubic feet per minute in longwall FR 30508, July 20, 1989]
and continuous miner sections. The § 57.22216 Separation of intake and re-
quantity of air across each face at a turn air (I-C mines).
work place shall be at least 2,000 cubic
feet per minute. The main intake and return air cur-
rents in single shafts shall be separated
§ 57.22214 Changes in ventilation (I-A, by ventilation tubing, curtain walls, or
II-A, III, and V-A mines). partitions. Ventilation tubing shall be
constructed of noncombustible mate-
(a) Changes in ventilation which af- rial. Curtain walls or partitions shall
fect the main air current or any split be constructed of reinforced concrete
thereof and which adversely affect the or other noncombustible equivalent,
safety of persons in the mine shall be and provided with pressure-relief de-
made only when the mine is idle. vices.
(b) Only persons engaged in making
such ventilation changes shall be per- § 57.22217 Seals and stoppings (I-A, I-
mitted in the mine during changes. B, and I-C mines).
(c) Power shall be deenergized in af- All seals, and those stoppings that
fected areas prior to making ventila- separate main intake from main return
tion changes, except power to moni- airways, shall be of substantial con-
toring equipment determined by MSHA struction and constructed of non-
to be intrinsically safe under 30 CFR combustible materials, except that
part 18. Power shall not be restored stoppings constructed of brattice mate-
until the results of the change have rials may be used in face areas.
been determined and a competent per-
son has examined affected working § 57.22218 Seals and stoppings (III, V-
places for methane. A, and V-B mines).
(a) All seals, and those stoppings that
§ 57.22215 Separation of intake and re- separate main intake from main return
turn air (I-A, II-A, III, and V-A airways, shall be of substantial con-
mines).
struction, except that stoppings con-
Main intake and return air currents structed of brattice materials may be
shall be coursed through separate mine used in face areas.
openings and shall be separated (b) Exposed surfaces on the intake
throughout the mine, except— side of stoppings constructed of com-
(a) Where multiple shafts are used for bustible materials or foam-type blocks
ventilation and a single shaft contains shall be coated with at least one inch
a curtain wall or partition for separa- of construction plaster containing per-
tion of air currents. Such wall or parti- lite and gypsum; at least one inch of
tion shall be constructed of reinforced expanded vermiculite, Portland cement

concrete or other noncombustible and limestone; or other coatings with
433
§ 57.22219 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
equivalent fire resistance. Stoppings (b)(1) Constructed of noncombustible

constructed to phenolic foam blocks at materials; or
least 12 inches thick need not be coated (2) Where constructed of combustible
for fire resistance. All foam-type materials, the outside surfaces shall be
blocks used for stopping construction coated with at least one inch of con-
shall be solid. struction plaster containing perlite
(c) Exposed surfaces on the fresh air and gypsum; at least one inch of ex-
side of seals constructed of combus- panded vermiculite, Portland cement
tible materials shall be coated with at and limestone; or other coatings with
least one inch of construction plaster equivalent fire resistance;
containing perlite and gypsum; at least (c) Kept clear of obstructions.
one inch of expanded vermiculite, Port-
land cement and limestone; or other § 57.22222 Ventilation materials (I-A, I-
coatings with equivalent fire resist- B, I-C, II-A, III, V-A, and V-B mines).
ance. Foam-type blocks shall not be Brattice cloth and ventilation tubing
used for seals. shall be approved by MSHA in accord-
ance with 30 CFR part 7, or shall bear
§ 57.22219 Seals and stoppings (II-A
mines). a BC or VT acceptance number issued
by the MSHA Approval and Certifi-
(a) Exposed surfaces on the intake cation Center.
side of stoppings constructed of com-
bustible materials, except brattice, [54 FR 30508, July 20, 1989]
shall be coated with at least one inch
of construction plaster containing per- § 57.22223 Crosscuts before abandon-
ment (III mines).
lite and gypsum; at least one inch of
expanded vermiculite, Portland cement A means of ventilating faces shall be
and limestone; or other coatings with provided before workings are aban-
equivalent fire resistance. doned in unsealed areas, unless cross-
(b) Seals shall be of substantial con- cuts are provided within 30 feet of the
struction. Exposed surfaces on the face.
fresh air side of seals constructed of
combustible materials shall be coated § 57.22224 Auxiliary equipment sta-
with at least one inch of construction tions (I-A and III mines).
plaster containing perlite and gypsum; Battery charging stations, com-
at least one inch of expanded pressor stations, pump stations, and
vermiculite, Portland cement and transformer stations shall be installed
limestone; or other coatings with in intake air at locations which are
equivalent fire resistance. Foam-type sufficiently ventilated to prevent the
blocks shall not be used for seals. accumulation of methane.
§ 57.22220 Air passing unsealed areas § 57.22225 Auxiliary equipment sta-

(I-A, II-A, III, and V-A mines). tions (I-C mines).
Air that has passed by or through un- Battery charging stations, com-
sealed abandoned or unsealed inactive pressor stations, and electrical sub-
areas and contains 0.25 percent or more stations shall not be installed under-
methane shall— ground or within 50 feet of a mine
(a) Be coursed directly to a return opening.
airway;
(b) Be tested daily for methane by a § 57.22226 Testing for methane (IV
competent person; and mines).
(c) Not be used to ventilate work Tests for methane shall be conducted
places. in the mine atmosphere by a com-
petent person—
§ 57.22221 Overcast and undercast con- (a) At least once each shift prior to
struction (I-A, II-A, III, and V-A starting work in each face and raise;
mines). and
Overcasts and undercasts shall be— (b) Upon initial release of gas into
(a) Of substantial construction; the mine atmosphere from boreholes.
434
§ 57.22227 Approved testing devices (I- mine shall be approved by MSHA under
A, I-B, I-C, II-A, II-B, III, IV, V-A, the applicable requirements of 30 CFR
and V-B mines). parts 18 through 36.
(a) Methane monitoring devices and [52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987, as amended at 53
portable, battery-powered, self-con- FR 9615, Mar. 24, 1988]
tained devices used for measuring
methane, other gases, and contami- § 57.22229 Weekly testing (I-A, III, and
nants in mine air shall be approved by V-A mines).
MSHA under the applicable require- (a) The mine atmosphere shall be
ments of 30 CFR parts 18, 21, 22, 23, 27, tested for methane and carbon mon-
and 29. Such devices shall be main- oxide at least once every seven days by
tained in accordance with manufactur- a competent person or an atmospheric
ers’ instructions, or an equivalent monitoring system, or a combination
maintenance and calibration proce- of the two. Such testing shall be done
dure. at the following locations:
(b)(1) Flame safety lamps shall not be (1) The return of each split where it
used to test for methane except as sup- enters the main return;
plementary devices. (2) Adjacent to retreat areas, if acces-
(2) Flame safety lamps shall not be sible;
used in Subcategory I-C mines. (3) At least one seal of each sealed
(c)(1) If electrically powered, remote area, if accessible;
sensing devices are used, that portion (4) Main returns;
of the instrument located in return air (5) At least one entry of each intake
or other places where combustible and return;
gases may be present shall be approved (6) Idle workings; and
by MSHA under the applicable require- (7) Return air from unsealed aban-
ments of 30 CFR parts 18, 22, 23, 27, and doned workings.
29. (b) The volume of air (velocity in
(2) If air samples are delivered to re- Subcategory I-A mines) shall be meas-
mote analytical devices through sam- ured at least once every seven days by
pling tubes, such tubes shall be pro- a competent person. Such measure-
vided with in-line flame arrestors. ment shall be done at the following lo-
Pumping equipment and analytical in- cations:
struments shall be located in intake (1) Entering main intakes;
air. (2) Leaving main returns;
(3) Entering each main split;
§ 57.22228 Preshift examination (I-A, I- (4) Returning from each main split;
C, II-A, III, and V-A mines). and
(a) Preshift examinations shall be (5) In the last open crosscuts or other
conducted within three hours prior to ventilation openings nearest the active
the start of the shift for which the ex- faces where the air enters the return.
amination is being made. (c) Where such examinations disclose
(b) Prior to the beginning of a shift hazardous conditions, affected persons
following an idle shift, a competent shall be informed and corrective action
person shall test the mine atmosphere shall be taken.
for methane at all work places before (d) Certification of examinations
persons other than examiners enter the shall be made by signature and date.
mine. Certifications shall be retained for at
(c) When one shift immediately fol- least one year and made available to
lows another, a competent person shall authorized representatives of the Sec-
test the mine atmosphere at each ac- retary.
tive working face for methane before [52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987, as amended at 52
work is started on that shift. FR 41397, Oct. 27, 1987]
(d) A competent person shall test the
mine atmosphere at each face blasted § 57.22230 Weekly testing (II-A mines).
before work is started. (a) The mine atmosphere shall be
(e) Except in Subcategory I-C or Cat- tested for methane at least once every
egory III mines, vehicles used for seven days by a competent person or an
transportation when examining the atmospheric monitoring system, or a
435
§ 57.22231 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
combination of the two. Such testing § 57.22234 Actions at 1.0 percent meth-
shall be done at the following loca- ane (I-A, I-B, III, V-A, and V-B
tions: mines).
(1) Active mining faces and benches; (a) If methane reaches 1.0 percent in
(2) Main returns; the mine atmosphere, ventilation
(3) Returns from idle workings; changes shall be made to reduce the
(4) Returns from abandoned work- methane. Until such changes are
ings; and achieved—
(5) Seals. (1) All persons other than competent
(b) Where such examinations disclose persons necessary to make the ventila-
hazardous conditions, affected persons tion changes shall be withdrawn from
shall be informed and corrective action affected areas;
shall be taken. (2) Electrical power shall be deener-
(c) Certification of examinations gized in affected areas, except power to
shall be made by signature and date. monitoring equipment determined by
Certifications shall be kept for at least MSHA to be intrinsically safe under 30
one year and made available to author- CFR part 18; and
ized representatives of the Secretary. (3) Diesel equipment shall be shut off
[52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987, as amended at 52 or immediately removed from the area.
FR 41397, Oct. 27, 1987; 60 FR 33723, June 29, (b) If methane reaches 1.0 percent at
1995] a main exhaust fan, electrical power
underground shall be deenergized, ex-
§ 57.22231 Actions at 0.25 percent cept power to monitoring equipment
methane (I-B, II-B, V-B, and VI determined by MSHA to be intrinsi-
mines).
cally safe under 30 CFR part 18, and all
If methane reaches 0.25 percent in the persons shall be withdrawn from the
mine atmosphere, changes shall be mine.
made to improve ventilation, and (c) If methane reaches 1.0 percent at
MSHA shall be notified immediately. a work place and there has been a fail-
ure of the main ventilation system, all
§ 57.22232 Actions at 0.5 percent meth- persons shall be withdrawn from the
ane (I-B, II-A, II-B, IV, V-B, and VI
mines). mine.
If methane reaches 0.5 percent in the [52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987, as amended at 53
FR 9615, Mar. 24, 1988]
mine atmosphere, ventilation changes
shall be made to reduce the level of § 57.22235 Actions at 1.0 percent meth-
methane. Until methane is reduced to ane (I-C, II-A, II-B, and IV mines).
less than 0.5 percent, electrical power
shall be deenergized in affected areas, (a) If methane reaches 1.0 percent in
except power to monitoring equipment the mine atmosphere, all persons other
determined by MSHA to be intrinsi- than competent persons necessary to
cally safe under 30 CFR part 18. Diesel make ventilation changes shall be
equipment shall be shut off or imme- withdrawn from affected areas until
diately removed from the area and no methane is reduced to less than 0.5 per-
other work shall be permitted in af- cent.
fected areas. (b) If methane reaches 1.0 percent at
a work place and there has been a fail-
[52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987; 52 FR 27903, July 24, ure of the main ventilation system, all
1987] persons shall be withdrawn from the
§ 57.22233 Actions at 0.5 percent meth- mine.
ane (I-C mines). § 57.22236 Actions at 1.0 percent meth-
If methane reaches 0.5 percent in the ane (VI mines).
mine atmosphere, ventilation changes If methane reaches 1.0 percent in the
shall be made to reduce the level of mine atmosphere, all persons other
methane. Until methane is reduced to than competent persons necessary to
less than 0.5 percent, no other work make ventilation changes shall be
shall be permitted in affected areas. withdrawn from affected areas until
[52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987; 52 FR 27903, July 24, methane is reduced to less than 0.5 per-
1987] cent.
436
§ 57.22237 Actions at 2.0 to 2.5 percent (2) 200 feet of an unsurveyed aban-
methane in bleeder systems (I-A doned mine or abandoned workings
and III mines). which cannot be inspected.
If methane reaches 2.0 percent in (b) Boreholes shall be drilled in such
bleeder systems at the point where a a manner to insure that the advancing
bleeder split enters a main return split, face will not accidently break into an
mining shall not be permitted on ven- abandoned mine or abandoned working.
tilation splits affected by the bleeder
system. If methane has not been re- EQUIPMENT
duced to less than 2.0 percent within 30 § 57.22301 Atmospheric monitoring
minutes, or if methane levels reach 2.5 systems (I-A, II-A, and V-A mines).
percent, all persons other than com-
petent persons necessary to take cor- (a) An atmospheric monitoring sys-
rective action shall be withdrawn from tem shall be installed to provide sur-
affected areas. face readings of methane concentra-
tions in the mine atmosphere from un-
§ 57.22238 Actions at 2.0 percent meth- derground locations. Components of
ane (I-B, II-B, V-B, and VI mines). the system shall be approved by MSHA
If methane reaches 2.0 percent in the under the applicable requirements of 30
mine atmosphere, all persons other CFR parts 18, 22, 23, and 27; or be deter-
than competent persons necessary to mined by MSHA under 30 CFR part 18
make ventilation changes shall be to be intrinsically safe or explosion-
withdrawn from the mine until meth- proof.
ane is reduced to less than 0.5 percent. (b) Atmospheric monitoring systems
shall—
§ 57.22239 Actions at 2.0 percent meth- (1) Give warnings on the surface and
ane (IV mines). underground when methane at any sen-
If methane reaches 2.0 percent in the sor reaches 0.5 percent or more, and
mine atmosphere, all persons other when power to a sensor is interrupted.
than competent persons necessary to Warning devices shall be located so
make ventilation changes shall be that they can be seen and heard by a
withdrawn from the mine until meth- person designated by the mine oper-
ane is reduced to less than 0.5 percent. ator; and
MSHA shall be notified immediately. (2) Automatically deenergize power
in affected areas, except power to mon-
[52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987, as amended at 52 itoring equipment determined by
FR 41397, Oct. 27, 1987; 60 FR 33723, June 29, MSHA to be intrinsically safe under 30
1995] CFR part 18, when methane at any sen-
sor reaches—
§ 57.22240 Actions at 2.0 percent meth-
ane (V-A mines). (i) 1.0 percent in a Subcategory I-A or
V-A mine; or
If methane reaches 2.0 percent in the (ii) 0.5 percent while persons are un-
mine atmosphere, all persons other derground and 1.0 percent during blast-
than competent persons necessary to ing in a Subcategory II-A mine. Timing
make ventilation changes shall be devices are permitted to avoid nui-
withdrawn from affected areas until sance tripping for periods not to exceed
methane is reduced to less than 1.0 per- 30 seconds, except during blasting or
cent. the ventilation time following a blast
[52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987; 52 FR 27903, July 24, in a Subcategory II-A mine.
1987] (c) Atmospheric monitoring systems
shall be checked with a known mixture
§ 57.22241 Advance face boreholes (I-C of methane, and calibrated if necessary
mines). at least once every 30 days. Certifi-
(a) Boreholes shall be drilled at least cation of calibration tests shall be
25 feet in advance of a face whenever made by signature and date. Certifi-
the work place is within— cations of tests shall be retained for at
(1) 50 feet of a surveyed abandoned least one year and made available to
mine or abandoned workings which authorized representatives of the Sec-

cannot be inspected; or retary.
437
§ 57.22302 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
§ 57.22302 Approved equipment (I-A containing 1.0 percent or more meth-

and V-A mines). ane.
Equipment used in or beyond the last
§ 57.22306 Methane monitors (I-A
open crosscut shall be approved by mines).
MSHA under the applicable require-
ments of 30 CFR parts 18 through 36. (a) Methane monitors shall be in-
Equipment shall not be operated in stalled on continuous mining ma-
atmospheres containing 1.0 percent or chines, longwall mining systems, and
more methane. on loading and haulage equipment used
in or beyond the last open crosscut.
§ 57.22303 Approved equipment (I-C (b) The monitors shall—
mines). (1) Give warning at 1.0 percent meth-
Only electrical equipment that is ap- ane;
proved by MSHA under the applicable (2) Automatically deenergize elec-
requirements of 30 CFR parts 18 trical equipment, except power to mon-
through 28 or approved under 30 CFR itoring equipment determined by
part 29 contained in the 30 CFR, parts MSHA to be intrinsically safe under 30
1–199, edition, revised as of July 1, 1999, CFR part 18, and prevent starting such
shall be used underground, except for equipment when methane levels reach
submersible sump pumps. 1.5 percent. Diesel equipment shall be
[64 FR 43283, Aug. 10, 1999] shut off or immediately removed from
the affected area; and
§ 57.22304 Approved equipment (II-A (3) Automatically deenergize elec-
mines). trical equipment when power to a sen-
(a) Cutting and drilling equipment sor is interrupted. Diesel equipment
used at a face or bench shall be ap- shall not be operated if the monitor is
proved by MSHA under the applicable inoperative.
requirements of 30 CFR parts 18 (c) Sensing units of monitors shall be
through 36. positioned at a location which provides
(b) While cutting or drilling is in for the most effective measurement of
progress, equipment not approved by methane.
ments of 30 CFR parts 18 through 36 § 57.22307 Methane monitors (II-A
shall remain at least 100 feet from the mines).
face or bench being mined. (a) Methane monitors shall be in-
(c) Tests for methane shall be con- stalled on continuous mining ma-
ducted immediately before non- chines, longwall mining systems, bench
approved equipment is taken to a face and face drills, and undercutting ma-
or bench after blasting. chines used in or beyond the last open
(d) Mine power transformers and sta- crosscut.
tionary equipment not approved by
(b) The monitors shall—
ments of 30 CFR parts 18 through 36 (1) Give warning at 0.5 percent meth-
shall be installed in fresh air or down- ane;
wind from an atmospheric methane (2) Automatically deenergize elec-
monitor sensor. trical equipment, except power to mon-
itoring equipment determined by
§ 57.22305 Approved equipment (III MSHA to be intrinsically safe under 30
mines). CFR part 18, and prevent starting such
Equipment used in or beyond the last equipment when methane levels reach
open crosscut and equipment used in 1.0 percent; and
areas where methane may enter the air (3) Automatically deenergize the
current, such as pillar recovery work- equipment when power to a sensor is
ings, longwall faces and shortwall interrupted.
faces, shall be approved by MSHA (c) Sensing units of monitors shall be
under the applicable requirements of 30 positioned at a location which provides
CFR parts 18 through 36. Equipment for the most effective measurement of
shall not be operated in atmospheres methane.
438
§ 57.22308 Methane monitors (III § 57.22311 Electrical cables (II-A

mines). mines).
(a) Methane monitors shall be in- Only jacketed electrical cables ac-
stalled on continuous mining machines cepted or approved by MSHA as flame
and longwall mining systems. resistant shall be used to supply power
(b) The monitors shall— to distribution boxes and electrical
(1) Give warning at 1.0 percent meth- equipment operating in face and bench
ane; areas.
(2) Automatically deenergize elec- [57 FR 61223, Dec. 23, 1992]
trical equipment, except power to mon-
itoring equipment determined by § 57.22312 Distribution boxes (II-A and
MSHA to be intrinsically safe under 30 V-A mines).
CFR part 18, and prevent starting such
equipment when methane levels reach Distribution boxes containing short
1.5 percent; and circuit protection for trailing cables of
approved equipment shall be approved
(3) Automatically deenergize the
by MSHA under 30 CFR part 18.
equipment when power to a sensor is
interrupted. § 57.22313 Explosion-protection sys-
(c) Sensing units of monitors shall be tems (I-C mines).
positioned at a location which provides
for the most effective measurement of Pressure-relief systems including
methane. vents, or explosion suppression sys-
tems, shall be provided on explosive
§ 57.22309 Methane monitors (V-A dust handling and processing equip-
mines). ment and on facilities housing such
(a) Methane monitors shall be in- equipment. Vents shall be installed so
stalled on continuous mining machines that forces are directed away from per-
used in or beyond the last open cross- sons should an explosion occur. The
cut. ratio of vent size to internal size of the
equipment or facility shall not be less
(b) The monitors shall—
than one square foot of vent for each 80
(1) Give warning at 1.0 percent meth-
cubic feet of volume or space.
ane.
(2) Automatically deenergize elec- § 57.22314 Flow-control devices (V-A
trical equipment, except power to mon- and V-B mines).
itoring equipment determined by
MSHA to be intrinsically safe under 30 Oil recovery drill holes that pene-
CFR part 18, and prevent starting of trate oil bearing formations shall have
such equipment when methane levels devices to control the release of liquid
reach 1.5 percent; and hydrocarbons and hazardous gases dur-
(3) Automatically deenergize the ing the drilling process. Such devices
equipment when power to a sensor is may be recovered for reuse after the
interrupted. formation has been depressurized or
(c) Sensing units of monitors shall be the well or borehole has been capped or
positioned at a location which provides connected to a collection system.
for the most effective measurement of § 57.22315 Self-contained breathing ap-
methane. paratus (V-A mines).
§ 57.22310 Electrical cables (I-C mines). Self-contained breathing apparatus
of a duration to allow for escape from
Electrical cables used to power sub-
the mine and sufficient in number to
mersible sump pumps shall be accepted
equip all persons underground shall be
or approved by MSHA as flame resist-
strategically located throughout the
ant, or be installed in continuous
mine. Such apparatus shall be approved
metal conduit or metal pipe. The ends
by MSHA and NIOSH under 42 CFR
of such conduit or pipe shall be sealed
part 84 and shall be maintained in ac-
to prevent entry of explosive gas or
cordance with manufacturers’ speci-
dust.
fications. This standard does not apply
[57 FR 61223, Dec. 23, 1992] to double entry mining systems where
439
§ 57.22401 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
crosscut intervals do not exceed 250 ILLUMINATION

feet.
§ 57.22501 Personal electric lamps (I-A,
[52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987, as amended at 60 I-B, I-C, II-A, II-B, III, IV, V-A, and
FR 30401, June 8, 1995] V-B mines).
UNDERGROUND RETORTS Electric lamps used for personal illu-
mination shall be approved by MSHA
§ 57.22401 Underground retorts (I-A under the requirements of 30 CFR parts
and I-B mines). 19 or 20, as applicable.
(a) Retorts shall be provided with— EXPLOSIVES
(1) Two independent power sources
for main mine ventilation fans and § 57.22601 Blasting from the surface (I-
those fans directly ventilating retort A mines).
bulkheads, and for retort blowers, and (a) All development, production, and
provisions for switching promptly from bench rounds shall be initiated from
one power source to the other; and the surface after all persons are out of
(2) An alarm system for blower mal- the mine. Persons shall not enter the
functions and an evacuation plan to as- mine until ventilating air has passed
sure safety of personnel in the event of over the blast area and through at
a failure. least one atmospheric monitoring sen-
(b) Prior to the ignition of under- sor.
ground retorts, a written ignition and (b) After blasting, if the monitoring
operation plan shall be submitted to system indicates that methane in the
the MSHA District Manager for the mine is less than 1.0 percent, persons
area in which the mine is located. The may enter the mine. All places blasted
mine operator shall comply with all shall be tested for methane by a com-
provisions of the retort plan. The re- petent person before work is started.
tort plan shall include— (c) If the monitoring system indi-
(1) Acceptable levels of combustible cates the presence of 1.0 percent or
gases and oxygen in retort off-gases more methane, persons other than ex-
during start-up and during burning; aminers shall not enter the mine until
levels at which corrective action will the mine has been examined by a com-
be initiated; levels at which personnel petent person and the methane content
will be removed from the retort areas, has been reduced to less than 1.0 per-
from the mine, and from endangered cent.
surface areas; and the conditions for (d) Vehicles used for transportation
reentering the mine; when examining the mine shall be ap-
(2) Specification and locations of off- proved by MSHA under the applicable
gas monitoring procedures and equip- requirements of 30 CFR parts 18
ment; through 36.
(3) Specifications for construction of [52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987, as amended at 53
retort bulkheads and seals, and their FR 9615, Mar. 24, 1988]
locations;
EFFECTIVE DATE NOTE: At 53 FR 9615, Mar.
(4) Procedures for ignition of a retort 24, 1988, § 57.22601 was stayed until further no-
and for reignition following a shut- tice.
down; and
(5) Details of area monitoring and § 57.22602 Blasting from the surface (I-
alarm systems for hazardous gases and C mines).
actions to be taken to assure safety of (a) All blasting shall be initiated
personnel. from the surface after all persons are
out of the mine and any connecting
FR 41397, Oct. 27, 1987; 60 FR 33723, June 29, mines.
1995] (b) Persons shall not enter the mine
until a competent person has examined
the blast sites and methane concentra-

tions are less than 0.5 percent.
440
§ 57.22603 Blasting from the surface the blast area and through at least one
(II-A mines). atmospheric monitoring sensor.
(a) All development, production, and (b) If the monitoring system indi-
bench rounds shall be initiated from cates that methane in the mine is less
the surface after all persons are out of than 1.0 percent, persons may enter the
the mine. Persons shall not enter the mine, and all places blasted shall be
mine until the mine has been venti- tested for methane by a competent per-
lated for at least 15 minutes and the son before work is started.
ventilating air has passed over the (c) If the monitoring system indi-
blast area and through at least one at- cates the presence of 1.0 percent or
mospheric monitoring sensor. more methane, persons other than ex-
(b) If the monitoring system indi- aminers shall not enter the mine until
cates that methane in the mine is less the mine has been examined by a com-
than 0.5 percent, competent persons petent person and the methane level is
may enter the mine to test for meth- less than 1.0 percent.
ane in all blast areas. (d) Vehicles used for transportation
(c) If the monitoring system indi- when examining the mine shall be ap-
cates that methane in the mine is 0.5 proved by MSHA under the applicable
percent or more, the mine shall be ven- requirements of 30 CFR parts 18
tilated and persons shall not enter the through 36.
mine until the monitoring system indi- (e) This standard applies only to
cates that methane in the mine is less mines blasting within an oil reservoir.
than 0.5 percent.
(d) If the monitoring system is inop- § 57.22606 Explosive materials and
erable or malfunctions, the mine shall blasting units (III mines).
be ventilated for at least 45 minutes
and the mine power shall be deener- (a) Mine operators shall notify the
gized before persons enter the mine. appropriate MSHA District Manager of
Only competent persons necessary to all nonapproved explosive materials
test for methane may enter the mine and blasting units to be used prior to
until the methane in the mine is less their use. Explosive materials used for
than 0.5 percent. blasting shall be approved by MSHA
(e) Vehicles used for transportation under 30 CFR part 15, or nonapproved
when examining the mine shall be ap- explosive materials shall be evaluated
proved by MSHA under the applicable and determined by the District Man-
requirements of 30 CFR parts 18 ager to be safe for blasting in a poten-
through 36. Vehicles shall not be used tially gassy environment. The notice
to examine the mine if the monitoring shall also include the millisecond-delay
system is inoperable or has malfunc- interval between successive shots and
tioned. between the first and last shot in a
round.
§ 57.22604 Blasting from the surface (b) Faces shall be examined for prop-
(II-B mines). er placement of holes, possible break-
All development, production, and through, and water. Ammonium ni-
bench rounds shall be initiated from trate blasting agents shall not be load-
the surface after all persons are out of ed into wet holes.
the mine. Persons other than those (c) Multiple-shot blasts shall be initi-
designated by the mine operator to ated with detonators encased in cop-
make methane tests shall not enter the per-based alloy shells. Aluminum and
mine until all blast areas have been aluminum alloy-cased detonators, non-
tested for methane. electric detonators, detonating cord,
and safety fuses shall not be used. All
§ 57.22605 Blasting from the surface detonators in a round shall be made by
(V-A mines). the same manufacturer.
(a) All development and production (d) Nonapproved explosives shall be
blasting shall be initiated from the sur- used only as primers with ammonium
face after all persons are out of the nitrate-fuel oil blasting agents. Such
mine. Persons shall not enter the mine primers shall be placed at the back or
until ventilating air has passed over bottom of the hole.
441
§ 57.22607 30 CFR Ch. I (7–1–20 Edition)
(e) Blast holes shall be stemmed with Subcategory I-B

a noncombustible material in an 57.22201 57.22231
amount to confine the explosive 57.22202 57.22232
charge. Breakthrough holes shall be 57.22217 57.22234
stemmed at both ends. 57.22222 57.22238
57.22401
(f) Mudcaps or other nonapproved 57.22227
57.22501
unconfined shots shall not be blasted.
(g)(1) Blasting units shall be ap- Subcategory I-C
proved by MSHA under 30 CFR part 25; 57.22102 57.22222
or 57.22104 57.22225
(2) Blasting units used to fire more 57.22106 57.22227
than 20 detonators shall provide at 57.22201 57.22228
least 2 amperes through each detonator 57.22202 57.22233
57.22235
but not more than an average of 100 57.22203
57.22241
amperes through one ohm for 10 milli- 57.22209 57.22303
seconds, and provide the necessary cur- 57.22210 57.22310
rent for at least the first 5 milliseconds 57.22212 57.22313
with a cutoff not to exceed 10 milli- 57.22216 57.22501
seconds. 57.22217 57.22602
[52 FR 24941, July 1, 1987, as amended at 52 Subcategory II-A

FR 41397, Oct. 27, 1987] 57.22101 57.22221
57.22103 57.22222
§ 57.22607 Blasting on shift (III mines). 57.22201 57.22227
57.22202 57.22228
When blasting on shift, tests for
57.22204 57.22230
methane shall be made in the mine at- 57.22232
mosphere by a competent person before 57.22205
57.22235
blasting. Blasting shall not be done 57.22206
57.22301
57.22207
when 1.0 percent or more methane is 57.22304
57.22208 57.22307
present.
57.22212 57.22311
57.22214 57.22312
§ 57.22608 Secondary blasting (I-A, II-
A, and V-A mines). 57.22215 57.22501
57.22219 57.22603
Prior to secondary blasting, tests for 57.22220 57.22608
methane shall be made in the mine at-
mosphere at blast sites by a competent Subcategory II-B
person. Secondary blasting shall not be 57.22201 57.22235
done when 0.5 percent or more methane 57.22227 57.22238
is present. 57.22231 57.22501
57.22232 57.22604
APPENDIX I TO SUBPART T OF PART 57— Category III
STANDARD APPLICABILITY BY CAT-
EGORY OR SUBCATEGORY
57.22101 57.22221
57.22103 57.22222
Subcategory I-A 57.22201 57.22223
57.22202 57.22224
57.22101 57.22222 57.22204 57.22227
57.22103 57.22224 57.22205 57.22228
57.22201 57.22227 57.22206 57.22229
57.22202 57.22228 57.22207 57.22234
57.22204 57.22229 57.22208 57.22237
57.22205 57.22234 57.22213 57.22305
57.22206 57.22214 57.22308
57.22237
57.22207 57.22215 57.22501
57.22301
57.22208 57.22218 57.22606
57.22211 57.22302
57.22220 57.22607
57.22214 57.22306
57.22215 57.22401 Category IV
57.22217 57.22501
57.22105 57.22226
57.22220 57.22601
57.22201 57.22227
57.22221 57.22608
442
57.22232 57.22239 AUTHORITY: 30 U.S.C. 811, 957, 961.
57.22235 57.22501
SOURCE: 59 FR 8327, Feb. 18, 1994, unless
Subcategory V-A otherwise noted.
57.22101 57.22222
57.22103 57.22227 Subpart A—General
57.22201 57.22228
57.22202 57.22229 § 58.1 Scope.
57.22204 57.22234
57.22205 57.22240 The health standards in this part
57.22206 57.22301 apply to all metal and nonmetal mines.
57.22207 57.22302
57.22208 57.22309
57.22212 57.22312
Subparts B–D [Reserved]
57.22214 57.22314
57.22215 57.22315 Subpart E—Miscellaneous
57.22218 57.22501
57.22220 57.22605 § 58.610 Abrasive blasting.
57.22221 57.22608
(a) Surface and underground mines.
Subcategory V-B When an abrasive blasting operation is
57.22201 57.22232 performed, all exposed miners shall use
57.22202 57.22234 in accordance with 30 CFR 56.5005 or
57.22218 57.22238 57.5005 respirators approved for abra-
57.22222 57.22314 sive blasting by NIOSH under 42 CFR
57.22227 57.22501 part 84, or the operation shall be per-
57.22231
formed in a totally enclosed device
Category VI with the miner outside the device.
57.22231 57.22236 (b) Underground areas of underground
57.22232 57.22238 mines. Silica sand or other materials
containing more than 1 percent free
PART 58—HEALTH STANDARDS FOR silica shall not be used as an abrasive
METAL AND NONMETAL MINES substance in abrasive blasting.
[59 FR 8327, Feb. 18, 1994, as amended at 60
Subpart A—General FR 30401, June 8, 1995]
Sec. § 58.620 Drill dust control.
58.1 Scope.
Holes shall be collared and drilled
Subparts B–D [Reserved] wet, or other effective dust control
measures shall be used, when drilling
Subpart E—Miscellaneous non-water-soluble material. Effective
58.610 Abrasive blasting. dust control measures shall be used
58.620 Drill dust control. when drilling water-soluble materials.
SUBCHAPTER L [RESERVED]
443

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SUBCHAPTER K—METAL AND NONMETAL MINE SAFETY

PART 56—SAFETY AND HEALTH 56.4331 Firefighting drills.

FIREFIGHTING PROCEDURES/ALARMS/DRILLS TRANSPORTATION

56.6901 Black powder. facilities.

56.12002 Controls and switches.

Subpart R—Personnel Hoisting 56.19069 Entering and leaving conveyances.

56.19066 Maximum riders in a conveyance.

demarcates in a conspicuous manner to connect a power source to a blasting

a vapor pressure not exceeding 40 Washington, DC 20036–3605; 202–429–9280;

combustion, or release flammable va- Rock fixture means any tensioned or

§ 56.3430 Activity between machinery ed where a fire or explosion hazard ex-

Readily visible signs prohibiting (b) This onsite firefighting equip-

(a) Firefighting equipment shall be Soda Acid .............................................................. 5

bustible liquid storage tanks shall be

INSTALLATION/CONSTRUCTION/ to prevent the accumulation of flam-

§ 56.4603 Closure of valves. MSHA National consensus standard

§ 56.4604 Preparation of pipelines or § 56.5001 Exposure limits for airborne

§ 56.4202 .. NFPA No. 14—Standpipe and Hose Systems.

uncontaminated air. However, where recognized agency acceptable to the

(a) Carbon tetrachloride. used for lighting a series of safety fuses

§ 56.6133 Powder chests. TRANSPORTATION

[50 FR 4054, Jan. 29, 1985, as amended at 67

(passenger areas shall not be consid- (c) No explosive material shall be

§ 56.6205 Conveying explosives by water gel, or emulsions are not consid-

depth of water to protect the primer shall be guarded or barricaded to pre-

§ 56.6404 Separation of blasting cir- (d) Total blasting circuit resistance

tronic detonator series.

(c) When the nonelectric initiation EXTRANEOUS ELECTRICITY

§ 56.6902 Excessive temperatures. § 56.7003 Drill area inspection.

§ 56.7051 Loose objects on the mast or § 56.7804 Refueling.

§ 56.10007 Falling object protection. § 56.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and

§ 56.10008 Riding tramways. § 56.11006 Fixed ladder landings.

Subpart J—Travelways § 56.11010 Stairstep clearance.

§ 56.11014 Crossing moving conveyors. be of approved design and construction

Subpart K—Electricity § 56.12008 Insulation and fittings for

be provided with switches or other con- holes shall be substantially bushed

§ 56.12010 Isolation or insulation of § 56.12016 Work on electrically-pow-

part. are kept at the same potential as the

§ 56.12040 Installation of operating trict Office of the Mine Safety and

§ 56.12045 Overhead powerlines. § 56.12053 Circuits powered from trol-

or may be examined in any Metal and

§ 56.12069 Lightning protection for § 56.13011 Air receiver tanks.

Service Brake Maximum Stopping Distance—Feet

70000–140000 .................................................. 48 54 61 67 74 81 88 95 103 111 119

Over 400000 ..................................................... 63 71 78 86 94 103 111 120 129 139 148

TABLE M–2—THE SPEED OF A VEHICLE CAN BE DETERMINED BY CLOCKING IT THROUGH A 100-FOOT

Miles per hour 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

§ 56.14110 Flying or falling materials. § 56.14115 Stationary grinding ma-

to persons. (SAE) publications, as applicable,

for Off-Road Work Machines’’ (1985, SAFETY PRACTICES AND OPERATIONAL

(c) This standard does not apply to

§ 56.14206 Securing movable parts. subjected shall be used in conjunction

ty chain or wire rope capable of with- equipment is designed specifically for

§ 56.14213 Ventilation and shielding not clearly recognize the brakeman’s

§ 56.16001 Stacking and storage of ma- § 56.16005 Securing gas cylinders.

§ 56.16011 Riding hoisted loads or on Subpart P—Illumination

assistance in the event of an emer- be equipped with a brake or brakes

(b) Have overhead protection when § 56.19062 Maximum acceleration and

be at a minimum speed. The signaling emergencies, the hoist operator shall

§ 56.19100 Shaft landing gates. § 56.19109 Shaft inspection and repair.

A means shall be provided to guide

§ 56.19129 Examinations and tests at § 56.19133 Shaft.

aligned, and kept in good repair.

Subpart S—Miscellaneous (b) The facilities shall be kept clean