9TH UNIT TEST

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01. The techniques/processes that are included under
biotechnology are

(a) in vitro fertilisation

(b) correcting a defective gene

(c) synthesising a gene

(d) All of these

02. EFB stands for

(a) European Federation of Biotechnology

(b) Eurasian Federation of Biotechnology

(c) East Asia Federation of Biotechnology

(d) Ethiopian Federation of Biotechnology

03. The definition of biotechnology given by EFB
encompasses

(a) traditional biotechnology

(b) modern molecular biotechnology

(c) DNA fingerprinting

(d) Both (a) and (b)

04. Genetic engineering techniques include

(a) altering genetic material

(b) sequencing genetic material

(c) studying genetic material

(d) None of the above

05. The first recombinant DNA was constructed by

(a) Stanley Cohen

(b) Herbert Boyer

(c) Temin and Baltimore

(d) Both (a) and (b)

06. The first restriction endonuclease to be discovered is

(a) Hind III

(b) Hind II

(c) Eco RI

(d) Eco RII

07. How many restriction enzymes are isolated till now?

(a) >400

(b) >90

(c) >900

(d) >230
08. Restriction enzyme belongs to which class of
enzymes?

(a) Ligases

(b) Exonucleases

(c) Nucleases

(d) Proteases
09. An enzyme catalysing the removal of nucleotides
from ends of DNA

(a) DNA ligase

(b) endonuclease

(c) exonuclease

(d) protease
10. Restriction endonuclease enzymes are used to cut

(a) single-stranded RNA

(b) double-stranded DNA

(c) single-stranded DNA

(d) double-stranded RNA

11. The foreign DNA and the vector is cut with the

(a) two different enzymes

(b) same restriction enzymes

(c) DNA ligase

(d) Both (a) and (b)

12. How many fragments will be generated, if a linear
DNA molecule is digested with a restriction enzyme
having 4 recognition sites on the DNA?

(a) 3

(b) 5

(c) 4

(d) 6
13. A foreign DNA and plasmid cut by the same
restriction endouclease can be joined to form a
recombinant plasmid using

(a) Eco RI

(b) Taq polymerase

(c) polymerase III

(d) ligase
14. Which is also called molecular glue

(a) DNA gyrase

(b) DNA helicase

(c) DNA ligase

(d) DNA polymerase

15. DNA fragments generated by the restriction
endonucleases in a chemical reaction can be
separated by

(a) centrifugation

(b) polymerase chain reaction

(c) electrophoresis

(d) restriction mapping

16. Which of the following techniques is most
commonly used to separate DNA molecules by
size?

(a) Chromatography

(b) PCR

(c) RFLP

(d) Gel electrophoresis

17. Agarose is extracted from

(a) sea weeds

(b) blue-green algae

(c) Ephedra

(d) Sargassam
18. In gel electrophoresis, restriction enzyme
digested DNA is loaded in wells near

(a) anode

(b) cathode

(c) centre of gel

(d) any where in the gel

19. The DNA fragments separated on an agarose gel can
be visualised after staining with

(a) bromophenol blue

(b) acetocarmins

(c) aniline blue

(d) ethidium bromide

20. Which of the following is used in recombinant DNA
technique?

(a) Cell wall of virus

(b) Gene which produces capsid of virus

(c) Bacteriophage

(d) Capsid of virus

21. Which of the following is not a feature of the
plasmids?

(a) Circular structure

(b) Transferable

(c) Single-stranded

(d) Independent replication

22. Which vector can clone only a small fragment of DNA

(a) Bacterial artificial chromosome

(b) Yeast artificial chromosome

(c) Plasmid

(d) Cosmid
23. Which of the following is a plasmid vector?

(a) pBR322

(b) Bam II

(c) SaI I

(d) Eco RI
24. The two antibiotic resistance genes on vector pBR322
are for

(a) ampicillin and tetracycline

(b) ampicillin and chloramphenicol

(c) chloramphenicol and tetracycline

(d) tetracycline and kanamycin

25. A gene, whose expression helps to identify
transformed cells is known as

(a) selectable marker

(b) vector

(c) plasmid

(d) structural gene

26. When an alien DNA is ligated in tetracycline resistant
gene, the recombinant

(a) become tetracycline resistant

(b) will loose tetracycline resistant

(c) will remain same

(d) None of the above

27. The plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens that is
now modified as a cloning vector is

(a) Pi-plasmid

(b) cosmid

(c) Ti-plasmid

(d) None of these

28. In Ti-plasmid, which of the following is removed?

(a) Auxin gene

(b) Virulent gene

(c) Cytokinin gene

(d) Auxin and cytokinin gene

29. For transformation, microparticles coated with DNA
to be bombarded with gene gun are made up of

(a) silver or platinum

(b) platinum or zinc

(c) silicon or platinum

(d) gold or tungsten

30. DNA transfer with high velocity micro particles is
present in

(a) biolistics

(b) hybridisation

(c) tissue culture

(d) vegetative propagation

31. In bacterial cells, the membrane is digested with the
help of enzyme

(a) cellulase

(b) lysozyme

(c) chitinase

(d) lipase
32. Proteins are removed by treatment with

(a) ribonuclease

(b) chitinase

(c) cellulase

(d) protease
33. DNA precipitation out of a mixture of biomolecules
can be achieved by treatment with

(a) chilled ethanol

(b) methanol at room temperature

(c) chilled chloroform

(d) isopropanol
34. The Taq polymerase enzyme is obtained from

(a) Thiobacillus ferroxidans

(b) Bacillus subtilis

(c) Pseudomonas subtilis

(d) Thermus aquaticus

35. The correct order of steps in Polymerase Chain
Reaction

(a) Denaturation, Extension, Annealing

(b) Annealing, Extension, Denaturation

(c) Extension, Denaturation, Annealing

(d) Denaturation, Annealing, Extension

36. In continuous culture system,

(a) used medium is drained out

(b) biomass produced is high

(c) no new medium is added

(d) Both (a) and (b)

37. A bioreactor

(a) is hybridoma

(b) cultures products containing radioactive isotopes

(c) cultures for the synthesis of new plants

(d) cultures large volume of living cells which are recombinant

38. Stirred-tank bioreactors have been designed for the

(a) purification of the product

(b) addition of preservatives to the product

(c) availability of oxygen throughout the biorector

(d) ensuring anaerobic conditions in the culture vessel

39. Stirred-tank bioreactors are advantageous over shake
flasks because they

(a) provide high temperature and pH

(b) provide better aeration and mixing properties

(c) do not allow the entry of CO2

(d) are easy to operate

40. The process of separation and purification of
expressed protein before marketing is called

(a) upstream processing

(b) downstream processing

(c) bioprocessing

(d) post-production processing

41. Which of the following is not a component of
downstream processing?

(a) Separation

(b) Purification

(c) Preservation

(d) Expression
42. Biotechnology mainly deals with

(a) industrial scale production of biopharmaceutical

(b) biological use of genetically modified microbes, fungi,

plants and animals

(c) Both (a) and (b)

(d) None of the above

43. The application of biotechnology includes all except

(a) waste treatment

(b) energy production

(c) genetically modified crops

(d) conventional hybridisation

44. Applications like bioremediation, processed food,
therapeutics and diagnostics are related to

(a) biochemistry

(b) microbiology

(c) biotechnology

(d) medical science

45. Which of the following is for increasing food
production?

(a) Agrochemical based agriculture

(b) Organic agriculture

(c) Genetically engineered crop-based agriculture

(d) All of the above

46. Organic agriculture is a technique of raising crops for

(a) decreased food production

(b) reduction in required labour

(c) increasing the use of agrochemicals

(d) decreasing the use of agrochemicals

47. Use of genetically modified crops in crop field may

(a) reduce the harmful effects of fertilisers

(b) maximise yield

(c) be environment friendly

(d) All of the above

48. Plants, bacteria, fungi and animals whose genes have
been altered by manipulation are called

(a) genetically modified organisms

(b) hybridoma

(c) pest resistant organisms

(d) insect resistant organisms

49. Which bacterium was the first to be used as
biopesticide on the commercial scale in the world?

(a) Bacillus thuringiensis

(b) Escherichia coli

(c) Pseudomonas aeruginosa

(d) Agrobacterium tumefaciens

50. Which of the following Bt crops is being grown in
India by the farmers?

(a) Maize

(b) Cotton

(c) Brinjal

(d) Onion
51. Insect resistant transgenic cotton has been produced
by inserting a piece of DNA from

(a) an insect

(b) a bacterium

(c) a wild relative of cotton

(d) a virus
52. Bt toxin is

(a) intracellular crystalline protein

(b) extracellular crystalline protein

(c) intracellular monosaccharide

(d) extracellular polysaccharide

53. Bacillus thuringiensis forms protein crystals which
contain a

(a) toxic insecticidal protein

(b) non-toxic insecticidal protein

(c) simple protein

(d) simple lipids

54. Bt toxin kills insects by

(a) inhibiting protein synthesis

(b) generating excessive heat

(c) creating pores in the midgut epithelial cells, leading to

cell swelling and lysis

(d) obstructing a biosynthetic pathway

55. The Bt toxin protein

(a) increases the protein content

(b) causes death of the insect ingesting it

(c) stops egg laying of adult

(d) generating excessive heat

56. The cry genes code for which toxin

(a) Bt toxin

(b) Bp toxin

(c) Ba toxin

(d) None of the above

57. cry IIAb and cry IAc produce toxins that control

(a) cotton bollworms and corn borer, respectively

(b) corn borer only

(c) cotton bollworms only

(d) nematodes and tobacco budworms, respectively

58. RNAi stands for

(a) RNA interference

(b) RNA interferon

(c) RNA inactivation

(d) RNA initiation

59. RNAi takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a
method of

(a) insect resistant

(b) cellular defence

(c) translation

(d) None of these

60. Silencing of an unwanted gene could be achieved by
the use of

(a) RNAi

(b) DNA polymeras

(c) Restriction enzymes

(d) None of these

61. Transposons are also known as

(a) silenced genes

(b) mobile genetic elements

(c) pleiotropic genes

(d) Both (a) and (b

62. The first human hormone produced by recombinant
DNA technology is

(a) insulin

(b) oestrogen

(c) thyroxin

(d) progesterone
63. The two polypeptides of human insulin are linked
together by

(a) phosphodiester bonds

(b) covalent bonds

(c) disulphide bridges

(d) hydrogen bonds

64. Which polypeptide chain is removed during the
maturation of proinsulin into insulin?

(a) A-chain
(b) C-chain
(c) B-chain
(d) A and B-chains
65. In 1983, which of the following companies prepared
human insulin?

(a) Genetech

(b) Eli Lilly

(c) GEAC

(d) None of these

66. Treatment of a genetic disorder by manipulating
genes is called

(a) gene therapy

(b) rDNA technology

(c) bone marrow transplantation

(d) enzyme replacement therapy

67. Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to a 4 year
old girl with Adenosine Deaminase (ADA)
deficiency?

(a) Gene therapy

(b) Chemotherapy

(c) Immunotherapy

(d) Radiation therapy

68. Which of the following is commonly used as a vector
for introducing a DNA fragment in human
lymphocytes?

(a) λ-phage

(b) Ti plasmid

(c) Retrovirus

(d) pBR322
69. Using conventional method for diagnosis of disease is not very
relevent because

(a) not reliable

(b) early detection is not possible

(c) results are incorrect

(d) All of these

70. PCR is used to

(a) detect HIV in suspected AIDS patients

(b) detect mutations in the genes of suspected cancer

patients

(c) diagnose many genetic disorders

(d) All of the above

71. A single strand of nucleic acid tagged with a
radioactive molecule is called

(a) plasmid

(b) vector

(c) probe

(d) selectable marker

72. Technique used to detect mutated genes is called

(a) gel electrophoresis

(b) polymerase chain reaction

(c) gene therapy

(d) autoradiography
73. Which of the following techniques is based on the
principle of antigen-antibody interaction?

(a) PCR

(b) ELISA

(c) Recombinant DNA technology

(d) Gene therapy

74. Animals whose DNA is manipulated to possess and
express an extra (foreign) gene are known as

(a) transgenic animals

(b) hybrid animals

(c) transversion animals

(d) All of the above

75. Transgenic animals are those which have foreign

(a) DNA in all of their cells

(b) Proteins in all of their cells

(c) RNA in all of their cells

(d) RNA in some of their cells

76. Transgenic animals can be used to

(a) study normal physiology

(b) study vaccine safety

(c) to produce biological products

(d) All of the above

77. Transgenic animals that serve as model to study many
human diseases such as …… .

(a) Alzheimer’s disease

(b) cancer

(c) night blindness

(d) Both (a) and (b)

78. The first transgenic cow produced milk which was rich in:

(a) Human α-lactalbumin

(b) α-1-antitrypsin

(c) β-1-antitrypsin

(d) cry IAc

79. When was the first transgenic cow, Rosie, produced?

(a) 1995

(b) 1997

(c) 1985

(d) 1987
80. The first transgenic cow, Rosie produced

(a) human protein enriched milk (2.4 g/L)

(b) human protein enriched milk (2.8 g/L)

(c) human calcium enriched milk (2.4 g/L)

(d) human calcium enriched milk (2.8 g/L)

81. In India, the organisation responsible for assessing the safety of
introducing genetically modified organisms for public use

(a) Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation (RCGM)

(b) Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)

(c) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)

(d) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC)

82. Biopatent means

(a) right to use an invention

(b) right to use biological resources

(c) right to use applications are processes

(d) All of the above

83. Basmati is unique for its aroma and flavour, whose
A… documented varieties are cultivated in B… .
Here, A and B refer to

(a) A–27, B–America

(b) A–30, B–America

(c) A–27, B–India

(d) A–30, B–India

84. A new variety of rice was patented by a foreign
company, though such varieties have been present in
India for a long time. This is related to

(a) Lerma Rojo

(b) Sharbati Sonora

(c) Co-667

(d) Basmati
85. Which Indian plants have either been patented or
attempts have been made to patent them by Western
nations for their use?

(a) Basmati rice

(b) Turmeric

(c) Neem

(d) All of these

86. Which of the following option is related to bioethics?

(a) Process of discovery and commercialisation of new

products

(b) Use of bioresources without proper authorisation

(c) Both (a) and (b)

(d) Standards used to regulate human activities in relation

to the biological world
87. Exploitation of bioresources of a nation by
multinational companies without authorisation from
the concerned country is referred to as

(a) bioweapon

(b) biopiracy

(c) bioethics

(d) biowar
88. Biopiracy is related to which of the following?

(a) Traditional knowledge exploitation

(b) Biomolecules and regarding bioresources exploitation

(c) Stealing of bioresources

(d) All of the above

89. Which step has been taken by Indian Parliament to
meet and fulfil the requirements of patent terms and
other emergency provisions in this regard?

(a) Biopiracy act

(b) Indian Patents Bill

(c) Biowar act

(d) Bioethics act

90. In RNAi, genes are silenced using

(a) ssDNA

(b) dsDNA

(c) dsRNA

(d) ssRNA
 ANSWERS

01. D 11. B 21. C 31. B 41. D 51. B 61. B 71. C 81. D

02. A 12. B 22. C 32. D 42. C 52. A 62. A 72. D 82. D
03. D 13. D 23. A 33. A 43. D 53. A 63. C 73. B 83. C
04. A 14. C 24. A 34. D 44. C 54. C 64. B 74. A 84. D
05. D 15. C 25. A 35. D 45. D 55. B 65. B 75. A 85. D
06. B 16. D 26. B 36. D 46. D 56. A 66. A 76. D 86. D
07. C 17. A 27. C 37. D 47. D 57. C 67. A 77. D 87. B
08. C 18. B 28. B 38. C 48. A 58. A 68. C 78. A 88. D
09. C 19. D 29. D 39. B 49. A 59. B 69. B 79. B 89. B
10. B 20. C 30. A 40. B 50. B 60. A 70. D 80. A 90. C