ENGINEERING STUDIES – MARKING GUIDELINE

NATIONAL CERTIFICATE

BUILDING AND STRUCTURAL CONSTRUCTION

LEVEL N6
MG E3 of 2024

EXAM DATE (X-Paper)

12:00–14:00

This marking guideline consists of 8 pages.

2
 TIME: 2 HOURS
MARKS: 50

INSTRUCTIONS TO MARKERS

1. Mark ALL the questions.

2. Read ALL the answers carefully.

3. Follow the answers according to the numbering system used in this question
paper.

5. Use only RED ink.

6. Put your ticks and crosses neatly and legibly.

QUESTION 1

1.1 1.1.1 Take moments about RL:

(RR × 9) = (48 × 6,75) + (55 × 4,5) + (28 × 2,25)
RR9 = 324 + 247,5 + 63
RR = 634,5/9
RR = 70,5 kN

Take moments about RR:

(RL × 9) = (28 × 6,75) + (55 × 4,5) + (48 × 2,25)
RL 9 = 189 + 247,5 + 108
RL = 544,5/9
RL = 60,5 kN (4)

1.1.2 ΣVC = 0 AB Cos 30º

ABSin30º = 60,5 kN
AB = 60,5/Sin 30º A
AB = 121 kN (strut) AB Sin 30º
B
ΣHC = 0
BE = ACos30º
E
BE = 121 × Cos 30º
BE = 104,79 kN (tie) RL = 60,5 kN

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 ΣVC = 0
121Sin30º + BDSin30º = 28 + CDSin30º
60,5 + 0,5BD = 28 + 0,5CD
60,5 + 0,5BD – 28 = 0,5CD
32,5 + 0,5BD = 0,5CD
32, 5+0 , 5 BD
CD =
0,5
CD = 65 + BD …………(1) (9)

1.2 CD Cos 30º

28 kN
C
CD Sin 30º
121kN Sin 30º D
A
BD Sin 30º
B
121kN Cos 30º BD Cos 30º

ΣHC = 0
121Cos30º = CDCos30º + BDCos30º
104,79 = 0,866 CD + 0,866 BD
104,79 = 0,866 (65 + BD) + 0,866 BD
104,54 = 56,29 + 0,866 BD + 0,866 BD
164 , 54−56 ,29
BD =
1,732
BD = 62,5 kN (strut)
Therefore CD = 65 + BD
CD = 65 + 62,5 = 127,50 kN (strut) (5)
[18]

QUESTION 2

Calculate the direct shear on each bolt

Force direct = Force/No of bolts
Fdirect = 25 kN / 4 = 6,25 kN
(1)

Calculate the distance from the centroid to the furthest bolt

r = √ x 2+ y2
r = √ 1302 +652
r = 145,34 mm

(2)

The direct load on the bolts due to the imposed load

Σcwm = Σacwm
(25 × 220) = (FT × 145,35 × 4)
25 ×220
FT =
145 ,34 × 4
FT = 9,46 kN
(3)

The resultant load on each bolt

FR = √ ( Fs2 + Ft 2 ) + ( 2 Ft Fs cos ϕ )

FR =
√ (
( 6 , 252 +9 , 46 2 )+ 2 × 9 , 46 ×6 , 25 ×cos 130
145 , 34 )
FR = √ ( 128 ,55 )+ 105 ,24 
FR = 15,3 kN
(4)

The resultant load on each bolt (alternate answer)

130
Tan ϕ = = 63,43º
65
5
5 ,3 65
14

ALT
130
(1)

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The resultant load on each bolt Fth = 4,23 kN
FThor = Ft × Cos 63,43° 63,43º

= 9,46 × 0,447
FThor = 4,23 kN ALT
(1)

Fr
es
u
lta
nt
FTvert = Ft × Sin 63,43° Fth = 4,23 kN
63,43º
= 9,46 × 0,89
FTvert = 8,46 kN + 6,25 kN = 14,71 kN
Ftver = 6,25 kN + 8,46 kN

FT
= 14,71 kN

=9
,4 6
ALT

kN
(1)

Resultant force
FR = √ 4 ,23 2+14 ,712
ALT
FR = 15,3 kN
(1)

Calculate the size of the bolts.

FR = shear stress × area of bolt
2
πd Fr
= 
4 shear stress

d =
√ Fr ×4
π × stress

d =
√ 15 , 3 ×103 × 4 
π ×95
d= 14,32 mm (4)
[14]
Use 4M16 bolts

7
QUESTION 3

305 x 165 x 46,1 kg/m

3.8 2.4
P
RL RR

3.1 Bending moments = σB x Z√

Bending moments = 170 x 106 x 647,0 x 10-6√
Bending moments = 85,85 kNm√

Take bending moments at RR = P’ x L√

85,85 = P’ x 2.4
P = 85,85
2,4 √
P = 35,771 kN√ (6)

3.2 Take moments about RLⱱ Point load P = 35 kNⱱ

RR x 3.8 = 35 x 6,2√

RR = 217
3,8 √

RR = 57.10 kN√ Downwards, greater force√ (5)

Take moments about Rr:

RL x 4.4 = 35 x 2,4√
RL = 84 √
4,4
R L = 19,091 kN√
(3)

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3.3 RL tensile force RR = 57,10kN
AEFF: M 20 Bolt = 245 mm2 (SASCH) σT = 140 MPa

Force per bolt = AEFF x σTⱱ

Force per bolt = 245 x 10-6 x 140 x 106ⱱ
Force per bolt = 34,30 kN√

Number of bolts = FT = 57.10√

FB 34,30 (2)

Number of bolts = 2 bolts of 4 bolts√

Join at RR = F = 1610,282291 kN√

Rl: F = 0√ (2)

[18]
GRAND TOTAL: 50