Chemistry Structure and Properties 2nd

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Chemistry: Structure & Properties, 2e (Tro)
Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding II

6.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1) Identify the number of electron groups around a molecule with sp hybridization.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

2) Identify the number of electron groups around a molecule with sp2 hybridization.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

3) Give the electron geometry (eg), molecular geometry (mg), and hybridization for NH3.
A) eg = tetrahedral, mg = trigonal planar, sp2
B) eg = trigonal pyramidal, mg = trigonal pyramidal, sp3
C) eg = tetrahedral, mg = trigonal pyramidal, sp3
D) eg = trigonal pyramidal, mg = tetrahedral, sp3
E) eg = trigonal planar, mg = trigonal planar, sp2
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

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4) Give the electron geometry (eg), molecular geometry (mg), and hybridization for H2O.
A) eg = tetrahedral, mg = bent, sp3
B) eg = trigonal pyramidal, mg = trigonal pyramidal, sp3
C) eg = tetrahedral, mg = trigonal pyramidal, sp3
D) eg = bent, mg = bent, sp2
E) eg = trigonal planar, mg = trigonal planar, sp2
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

5) Give the electron geometry (eg), molecular geometry (mg), and hybridization for XeF4.
A) eg = tetrahedral, mg = tetrahedral, sp3
B) eg = trigonal pyramidal, mg = trigonal pyramidal, sp3
C) eg = octahedral, mg = square planar, sp3d2
D) eg = octahedral, mg = octahedral, sp3d2
E) eg = trigonal bipyramidal, mg = seesaw, sp3d
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

6) Give the hybridization for the O in OF2.

A) sp
B) sp3
C) sp2
D) sp3d
E) sp3d2
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

7) Give the hybridization for the O in H3O+.

A) sp
B) sp3
C) sp2
D) sp3d
E) sp3d2
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

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8) Give the hybridization for the S in SO3.
A) sp
B) sp3
C) sp2
D) sp3d
E) sp3d2
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

9) Give the hybridization for the Br in BrO4⁻.

A) sp
B) sp3d2
C) sp3d
D) sp3
E) sp2
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

10) Give the hybridization for the S in SF6.

A) sp
B) sp2
C) sp3
D) sp3d
E) sp3d2
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

11) Give the hybridization for the Br in BrF5.

A) sp3d2
B) sp3d
C) sp3
D) sp2
E) sp
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

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12) Give the hybridization for the Br in BrCl3.
A) sp3d2
B) sp3d
C) sp3
D) sp2
E) sp
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

13) Give the hybridization for the C in HCN.

A) sp3d2
B) sp3d
C) sp3
D) sp2
E) sp
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

14) Give the hybridization for the C in C2F2.

A) sp3d2
B) sp3d
C) sp3
D) sp2
E) sp
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

15) How many of the following molecules have sp2 hybridization on the central atom?
HCN SO2 OCl2 XeCl2
A) 4
B) 3
C) 2
D) 1
E) 0
Answer: D
Diff: 5 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

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16) Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) The total number of molecular orbitals formed doesn't always equal the number of atomic
orbitals in the set.
B) A bond order of 0 represents a stable chemical bond.
C) When two atomic orbitals come together to form two molecular orbitals, one molecular
orbital will be lower in energy than the two separate atomic orbitals and one molecular orbital
will be higher in energy than the separate atomic orbitals.
D) Electrons placed in antibonding orbitals stabilize the ion/molecule.
E) All of the above are true.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

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17) Use the molecular orbital diagram shown to determine which of the following is MOST
stable.

A) F2
B) F22⁺
C) Ne22⁺
D) O22⁺
E) F22⁻
Answer: D
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.4
LO: 6.2
Global: G3

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18) Use the molecular orbital diagram shown to determine which of the following are
paramagnetic.

A) O22⁻
B) Ne22⁺
C) O22⁺
D) F22⁺
E) None of the above are paramagnetic.
Answer: D
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.4
LO: 6.2
Global: G3

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19) Use the molecular orbital diagram shown to determine which of the following is MOST
stable.

A) C22⁺
B) N22⁺
C) B2
D) C22⁻
E) B22⁺
Answer: D
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.4
LO: 6.2
Global: G3

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20) Use the molecular orbital diagram shown to determine which of the following are
paramagnetic.

A) B22⁺
B) B22⁻
C) N22⁺
D) C22⁻
E) B2
Answer: E
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.4
LO: 6.2
Global: G3

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21) Draw the molecular orbital diagram shown to determine which of the following is MOST
stable.
A) F2
B) F22⁺
C) Ne22⁺
D) O22⁺
E) F22⁻
Answer: D
Diff: 5 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.4
LO: 6.2
Global: G2

22) Draw the molecular orbital diagram shown to determine which of the following is
paramagnetic.
A) O22⁻
B) Ne22⁺
C) O22⁺
D) F22⁺
E) None of the above are paramagnetic.
Answer: D
Diff: 5 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.4
LO: 6.2
Global: G2

23) Draw the molecular orbital diagram shown to determine which of the following is MOST
stable.
A) C22⁺
B) N22⁺
C) B2
D) C22⁻
E) B22⁺
Answer: D
Diff: 5 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.4
LO: 6.2
Global: G2

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24) Draw the molecular orbital diagram shown to determine which of the following is
paramagnetic.
A) B22⁺
B) B22⁻
C) N22⁺
D) C22⁻
E) B2
Answer: E
Diff: 5 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.4
LO: 6.2
Global: G2

25) Identify the number of electron groups around a molecule with sp3d2 hybridization.
A) 2
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 6
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

26) Give the electron geometry (eg), molecular geometry (mg), and hybridization for POCl3.
A) eg = tetrahedral, mg = tetrahedral, sp3
B) eg = trigonal pyramidal, mg = trigonal pyramidal, sp3
C) eg = octahedral, mg = square planar, sp3d2
D) eg = octahedral, mg = octahedral, sp3d2
E) eg = trigonal bipyramidal, mg = seesaw, sp3d
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

27) Give the electron geometry (eg), molecular geometry (mg), and hybridization for IF4+.
A) eg = tetrahedral, mg = tetrahedral, sp3
B) eg = trigonal pyramidal, mg = trigonal pyramidal, sp3
C) eg = octahedral, mg = square planar, sp3d2
D) eg = octahedral, mg = octahedral, sp3d2
E) eg = trigonal bipyramidal, mg = seesaw, sp3d
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2
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28) Use the molecular orbital diagram shown to determine which of the following is LEAST
stable.

A) C22⁺
B) O22⁺
C) B2
D) C22⁻
E) B2⁺
Answer: E
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.4
LO: 6.2
Global: G3

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29) Draw the molecular orbital diagram and determine the bond order for NO+.
A) 0.5
B) 1
C) 2
D) 2.5
E) 3
Answer: E
Diff: 5 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.4
LO: 6.3
Global: G2

6.2 Algorithmic Questions

1) The orbital hybridization on the carbon atoms in C O2 is

A) sp.
B) sp2.
C) sp3.
D) sp3d2.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

2) The hybrid orbital set used by the central atom in O3 is

A) sp
B)
C)
D) d
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 7 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

3) The hybrid orbital set used by the central atom in NH2Cl is

A) sp
B)
C)
D) d
E)
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 16 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

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4) The hybrid orbital set used by the central atom in BrF3 is
A) sp
B)
C)
D) d
E)
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 8 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

5) Describe a pi bond.
A) side by side overlap of p orbitals
B) end to end overlap of p orbitals
C) s orbital overlapping with the end of a d orbital
D) overlap of two d orbitals
E) p orbital overlapping with an f orbital
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 18 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G4

6) Describe a sigma bond.

A) side by side overlap of d orbitals
B) end to end overlap of p orbitals
C) s orbital overlapping with the side of a p orbital
D) overlap of two d orbitals
E) p orbital overlapping with an f orbital
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 12 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G4

7) A molecule containing a central atom with sp hybridization has a(n) ________ electron
geometry.
A) linear
B) trigonal pyramidal
C) square planar
D) octahedral
E) bent
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 8 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

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8) A molecule containing a central atom with sp2 hybridization has a(n) ________ electron
geometry.
A) linear
B) trigonal bipyramidal
C) trigonal planar
D) tetrahedral
E) bent
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 8 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

9) A molecule containing a central atom with sp3 hybridization has a(n) ________ electron
geometry.
A) linear
B) trigonal bipyramidal
C) octahedral
D) tetrahedral
E) bent
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 12 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

10) A molecule containing a central atom with sp3d hybridization has a(n) ________ electron
geometry.
A) seesaw
B) bent
C) octahedral
D) trigonal planar
E) trigonal bipyramidal
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 8 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

11) A molecule containing a central atom with sp3d2 hybridization has a(n) ________ electron
geometry.
A) octahedral
B) trigonal pyramidal
C) tetrahedral
D) bent
E) trigonal planar
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 8 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2
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12) Consider the molecule below. Determine the hybridization at each of the 2 labeled carbons.

A) C1 = sp3, C2 = sp2
B) C1 = sp2, C2 = sp2
C) C1 = sp2, C2 = sp3d
D) C1 = sp3d , C2 = sp3d
E) C1 = sp2, C2 = sp3
Answer: E
Diff: 4 Var: 16 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

13) Consider the molecule below. Determine the hybridization at each of the 3 labeled atoms.

A) 1 = sp2, 2 = sp3, 3 = sp2

B) 1 = sp2, 2 = sp3, 3 = sp3
C) 1 = sp3, 2 = sp3, 3 = sp3
D) 1 = sp3, 2 = sp3, 3 = sp2
E) 1 = sp , 2 = sp , 3 = sp2
Answer: B
Diff: 4 Var: 18 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

14) How many of the following molecules have sp hybridization on the central atom?
C2Br2 C S2 O3 H2O
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4
Answer: C
Diff: 4 Var: 8 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

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15) How many of the following molecules have sp3 hybridization on the central atom?
XeCl4 C Br4 S F4 C2H2
A) 0
B) 4
C) 3
D) 2
E) 1
Answer: E
Diff: 4 Var: 20 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

16) How many of the following molecules have sp3d hybridization on the central atom?
Si Cl4 BrF5 As F5 BrF3
A) 2
B) 0
C) 4
D) 1
E) 3
Answer: A
Diff: 4 Var: 8 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

17) How many of the following molecules have sp3d2 hybridization on the central atom?
Se Cl6 Xe Cl4 IF5 As Cl5
A) 1
B) 3
C) 0
D) 2
E) 4
Answer: B
Diff: 4 Var: 18 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

18) Give the electron geometry, molecular geometry, and hybridization for CH3-.
A) eg = tetrahedral; mg = trigonal pyramidal; sp3
B) eg = tetrahedral; mg = bent; sp3
C) eg = trigonal pyramidal; mg = bent; sp3
D) eg = trigonal planar; mg = trigonal planar; sp2
Answer: A
Diff: 5 Var: 12 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

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19) List the number of sigma bonds and pi bonds in a single bond.
A) 1 sigma, 0 pi
B) 0 sigma, 1 pi
C) 1 sigma, 1 pi
D) 3 sigma, 2 pi
Answer: A
Diff: 5 Var: 12 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

20) List the number of sigma bonds and pi bonds in a double bond.
A) 1 sigma, 1 pi
B) 2 sigma, 0 pi
C) 2 sigma, 2 pi
D) 1 sigma, 2 pi
Answer: A
Diff: 5 Var: 8 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

21) List the number of sigma bonds and pi bonds in a triple bond.
A) 1 sigma, 1 pi
B) 2 sigma, 1 pi
C) 2 sigma, 2 pi
D) 1 sigma, 2 pi
Answer: D
Diff: 5 Var: 12 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

22) Draw the Lewis structure for the molecule CH2CHCH3. How many sigma and pi bonds does
it contain?
A) 8 sigma, 1 pi
B) 9 sigma, 0 pi
C) 9 sigma, 1 pi
D) 7 sigma, 2 pi
E) 8 sigma, 2 pi
Answer: A
Diff: 5 Var: 6 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

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23) Draw the Lewis structure for the molecule CH3CH2CCH. How many sigma and pi bonds
does it contain?
A) 11 sigma, 0 pi
B) 9 sigma, 1 pi
C) 8 sigma, 3 pi
D) 9 sigma, 2 pi
E) 8 sigma, 1 pi
Answer: D
Diff: 5 Var: 18 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

24) Consider the following compound. How many sigma and pi bonds does it contain?
CH3CHCHCO2H
A) 9 sigma, 4 pi
B) 11 sigma, 2 pi
C) 9 sigma, 2 pi
D) 13 sigma, 2 pi
E) 6 sigma, 2 pi
Answer: B
Diff: 5 Var: 18 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

25) Draw the Lewis structure for the molecule C3H4. How many sigma and pi bonds does it
contain?
A) 7 sigma, 1 pi
B) 8 sigma, 1 pi
C) 6 sigma, 2 pi
D) 10 sigma, 2 pi
E) 8 sigma, 2 pi
Answer: C
Diff: 5 Var: 36 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

26) How many of the following molecules contain at least one pi bond?
C2H6 Br2SO C2Br4 HCN
A) 0
B) 1
C) 3
D) 4
E) 2
Answer: C
Diff: 5 Var: 8 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2
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27) How many of the following molecules have sp2 hybridization on the central atom?
COH2 Si F4 B F3 C2Cl2
A) 0
B) 4
C) 3
D) 2
E) 1
Answer: D
Diff: 4 Var: 20 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

28) Consider the following compound. How many sigma and pi bonds does it contain?
NCCH2COOH
A) 9 sigma, 4 pi
B) 11 sigma, 2 pi
C) 9 sigma, 2 pi
D) 6 sigma, 2 pi
E) 8 sigma, 3 pi
Answer: E
Diff: 5 Var: 18 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

29) Draw the Lewis structure for the molecule NH2CH2CONHCH2COOH. How many sigma
and pi bonds does it contain?
A) 7 sigma, 0 pi
B) 14 sigma, 2 pi
C) 6 sigma, 2 pi
D) 14 sigma, 3 pi
E) 8 sigma, 1 pi
Answer: B
Diff: 5 Var: 50+ Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

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6.3 Matching Questions

Match the following.

A) linear
B) tetrahedral
C) trigonal bipyramidal
D) octahedral
E) sp2 hybridized central atom
F) trigonal planar
G) sp hybridized central atom

1) sp
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

2) sp2
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

3) sp3
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

4) sp3d
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

5) sp3d2
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

6) BeF2
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

Answers: 1) A 2) F 3) B 4) C 5) D 6) G

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6.4 Short Answer Questions

1) Give the electron geometry, molecular geometry, and hybridization for both carbons in
CH3COOH.
Answer: eg = tetrahedral; mg = tetrahedral; sp3 and eg = trigonal planar; mg = trigonal planar;
sp2
Diff: 5 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 5.9
Global: G2

2) Determine the hybridization about each interior atom in the following structure. Sketch the
three-dimensional structure and label the interior atoms with their corresponding hybridization.
CH2CHCCCH3
Answer: The sketch should show all of the appropriate multiple bonds, with a double bond
between carbons 1 and 2 and a triple bond between carbons 3 and 4. The first 2 C's are sp2
hybridized, the next 2 C's are sp hybridized and the last C is sp3 hybridized.
Diff: 5 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.3
LO: 6.1
Global: G2

3) According to molecular orbital theory, what is an antibonding orbital?

Answer: An antibonding orbital is formed when 2 orbitals destructively interfere with one
another. An antibonding orbital is usually higher in energy than the two separated atoms and has
a node in the internuclear region.
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.4
Global: G1, G8

4) Use molecular orbital theory to determine whether He22⁺ or He2⁺ is more stable. Draw the
molecular orbital diagram for each and explain your answer.
Answer: The MO diagram should show He22⁺ with 2 electrons in the bonding orbital and the
MO diagram of He2⁺ should show 2 electrons in the bonding MO and 1 electron in the
antibonding MO. The He22⁺ ion is more stable since it has a higher bond order (bond order = 1)
than He2⁺ (bond order = 1/2).
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 6.4
LO: 6.2
Global: G2, G8

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