SPORTS

Badminton
Badminton is one of the most popular racket
sports played with rackets and a shuttlecock. The
objective of the game is to score points by hitting
the shuttlecock over the net and have it land in
the designated court areas of your opponent.
Badminton is played either as singles, 1vs 1 or
doubles, 2 vs 2 in a measured court. There is a net
in the middle of the court. Opposite teams stand
on either side of the net. Players are given a
stringed racket using which they hit the
shuttlecock. The game begins with a toss to
determine which player will serve first and which
side of the court the opponent would like to start
from. After the service takes place, the players
are allowed to move around to hit the shuttle
back. A player is rewarded with a point when they
successfully hit the shuttlecock over the net and
their opponent fails to hit it back. A point is also
rewarded if the opponent hits the shuttlecock
into either the net or outside the parameters. The
team or player who manages to get 21 points
before their opponent wins.
 Sepak Takraw
Sepak Takraw, also known as Sepak raga and
Takraw is a modified variant of volleyball that
originated in South East Asia. Sepak Takraw
involves players using their hands to play the ball
and is required to use their feet, head, knees, and
chest to touch the ball. The basic objective of the
game for each player is to score more points than
their opposition by causing their opponents to
commit a fault that results in a score being
awarded. Sepak Takraw is a team sport that
involves two teams competing against each other.
Each team in Sepak Takraw consists of three
players and each player plays at a specific
position. The balls used in the game are made of a
number of synthetic materials. Balls must be
woven and they must consist of 12 holes and 20
intersections and be with the regulation size and
weight. A match of Sepak Takraw is played on a
court that is similar to a double sized badminton
court. There is a net stretched across the center of
the court at a height of 1.5m for men and 1.42m for
women The game begins with a coin toss that
decides which team will serve first to commence.
 The play is initiated when the server is thrown the
ball by a teammate and he must kick the ball over
the net whilst keeping one foot in the service
circle. Throughout the match, players are only
required to touch the ball with their feet, head,
knees and chest. If any player of the team touches
the ball with the hand or any other part of the
body, it results in a fault and a point for the
opposition. The team is allowed a maximum of
three touches of the ball before they return it back
over the net without letting it touch the ground. If
a team fails to return the ball over the net before it
hits the ground, it results in a point to the
opposition. The only way to score points in Sepak
Takraw is by making the fault and this can be done
in a number of ways.
a. If the server jumps off the ground while making
a service.
b. The server forgot to lick the ball before serving.
c. If an Inside player touches the net while
throwing the ball
d. The ball hits the net or fails to cross to the
opposition's half.
e. If the ball lands outside the court boundaries.
wins the first set. The first team who wins two sets
is declared as the winner.
 Cricket
In cricket, the objective for the batting side is to
score as many runs as possible or more than their
opponent. The objective of the bowling side is to
bowl the opposing team out for as few runs as
possible or restrict them to runs less than what
they made when they were batting. In cricket,
manual and electronic scoring both are done
during the match to avoid any errors. A run is
constituted when a batsman hits the ball with
their bat and the two batsmen at the wicket
manage to successfully run to the other end.
Before being given out, the batsmen are allowed
to run as many times as they can. In case the strike
is hard enough that the ball crosses the boundary
rope after it has bounced at least once from
leaving the bat then 4 runs are given. If the strike
takes the ball over the boundary rope without
bouncing then 6 runs are awarded to the batting
team. Runs can also be scored when the bowler
bowls a wide delivery, a no-ball, a bye, and a leg
bye .
 Football
The rules of soccer are fairly simple. You cannot
touch the ball with your hands or arms
intentionally unless you are the goalie. The whole
ball must cross the goal line for it to constitute as
a goal. Each game must include one referee and
two assistant referees. Each team has 11 players
on a field. This includes 10 outfielders and a
goalkeeper. The most common setup is known as
the Four Four Two. This has four defenders, four
midfielders, and two forwards. Each position has a
specific area of the field that they cover.Soccer is
also known as football. The primary rule of soccer
is that players cannot touch the ball with their
hands or arms while the ball is in play. The
objective of the game is to score more goals than
your opponent in 90 minutes.
 Table Tennis
Table tennis can be played by two or
four players. In table tennis, the
objective is to be the first player to
reach 11 points to win a set. And then
win the best of 3, 5 or 7 sets to
ultimately win the game. Table tennis
is played on a wide table 9 ft. long and
5 ft and is 2.5 ft above the ground.
 Basketball
Basketball is a team sport of 15
players with only 5 allowed on the
court at any time. Each team consists
of two forwards, two guards and one
center player. The basketball game
starts with a jump ball or tip-off. The
referee throws the ball into the air in
the center circle and 1 player from
each team leaps up and tries to tap
the ball away. The game time is split
up into 4 twelve-minute quarters. The
objective of the game is to throw the
ball into a hoop to score points.
 Tennis
A tennis match can be played by
either two players or four players as a
team. Tennis matches are played on a
variety of surfaces such as a grass
court, clay court, hard court and
carpet court. The objective of Tennis
is to hit the tennis ball with the tennis
racket over the net to your
opponent’s side of the court. If your
opponent is unable to return the ball,
you win a point. The main goal of
tennis is to win enough points to win a
set and win enough sets to win a
tennis match.
 Squash
The objective of the Squash game is
to keep hitting the ball against the
front wall until you manage to make
your opponent fail in returning the
ball. The player who scores 11
points first wins the set, and then
wins the best of 3 or 5 sets to win
the game. If the game becomes tied
at 10 -10 pints, then the first person
to lead by 2 points wins the set.
 Golf
The object of the game is to get your
ball from the starting point, or “tee”
to the green and into the hole. The
hole is marked by a flag, so you have
to get your ball in it with as few shots
as possible. “Hole” is not only the
physical hole but also refers to the
entire area from the tee to the green,
where the physical hole is. And the
winner is the player who completes 72
holes. (Four rounds of 18). In the
fewest number of shots.
 Volleyball
Volleyball is a team sport that is
played between two teams consisting
of 6 players. The objective of
volleyball is to send the ball over the
net to hit the ground on the
opponent's side of the court. While
the opponent team counters by trying
to prevent the ball from being hit on
the ground on their side of the court.
 Netball
Volleyball is a team sport that is
played between two teams
consisting of 6 players. The
objective of volleyball is to send
the ball over the net to hit the
ground on the opponent's side
of the court. While the opponent
team counters by trying to
prevent the ball from being hit
on the ground on their side of
the court.
 Hockey
Field Hockey is a popular competitive team sport
played all around the world, belonging to the
hockey sports family. The game involves players
running after a ball and hitting the ball with their
stick to score goals. The basic objective of the
game is to score more points than the opponent.
Field Hockey is a team sport that involves two
teams of eleven players playing on a field that is
100 yards long and 60 yards wide. The pitch has
three lines running across the width of the pitch
consisting of two 25 yard lines and a half way line.
There is a four yard wide pitch at each end of the
field. There is a 16 yard line around the goal which
is the only section on the pitch that players are
permitted to shoot from. The team has one
goalkeeper and ten outfield players that consist of
defenders, midfielders, and attackers. The game is
played with a small, hard ball along with each
player having a wooden stick.
 The game begins at the center of the court where
two players stand opposite each other with the
ball in the middle. The referee whistles and one of
the players who are faster passes the ball to their
teammate. This brings the ball into play and
players from both teams start struggling for
possession. Players are required to pass the ball to
their teammates using the stick and no other body
part is allowed to intentionally come into contact
with the ball. Players can also dribble the ball to
make their way towards the opponent’s goal post.
The team scores a goal when a player hits the ball
in between the goal posts and over the line from
within the 16 yard area. The game is played for a
set duration of 70 minutes in two equal halves
with a 10 minute break in between. The team that
manages to score the most goals in the given
duration of time is declared as the winner.
 Rugby
In the Rugby game, two teams
compete against each other. The
team with the ball is required to move
the ball up the field in ‘phases of
play’. Keep in mind that the ball can
never be passed forwards but players
can run forwards with the ball or kick
the ball forward to chase it down and
score a point. The opposing team
needs to stop the attacking team by
tackling and trying to retain the ball.
The team that scores the most points
wins the game. Games may end as a
draw.
 Boxing
The objective of boxing is to win the
match by scoring more points than
your opponent. Or simply knock out
your opponent by making him unable
to stand up until the referee counts to
ten.
 Rafting
The objective of boxing is to win the match by
scoring more points than your opponent. Or
simply knock out your opponent by making him
unable to stand up until the referee counts to
ten.
 Surfing
If you want to become a surfer, you
must be aware of the rules of this
adventurous game. Following is a
guide to surf etiquette including a
list of dos and don'ts that you
should keep in mind while in the
water. When surfers don't follow
the basic commandments of
surfing, accidents, injuries, and
misunderstandings happen.
 Diving
Diving is an aquatic sport that involves swimmers
diving in the swimming pool from an elevated
position. The competition is based on how an
athlete dives into a swimming pool from a raised
launch pad, while performing acrobatic
movements. The objective of the game is to score
more points than the opponent. In diving, athletes
can participate as both individuals and in teams.
Competitions are conducted separately for men
and women. The diving is split into two types
based on the launch pads used, springboard and
platform. In Springboard, dives are made from two
height levels, 1 meter, and 3 meters. In Platform,
dives have several height levels from five to ten
meters. Both types of dives have two disciplines,
individual and synchronized. In the Olympics, only
four disciplines are used, 3m individual and
synchronized on a springboard, and 10m
individual and synchronized on a platform, for
both men and women. There are six different
types of dives that are classified according to the
take-off position, forward, back, inward, reverse,
twist, and armstand.
In competitions, each diver is given six attempts to
perform one dive of each type. A panel of judges
assesses each diver based on three aspects, take-
off, flight, and entry, and points are awarded. The
difficulty of moves performed on-flight is also
taken into account at the time of scoring.
Synchronized dives are additionally judged based
on identical movement. At the end of the round,
the diver which has maximum points across all six
dives is declared as the winner.
 Baseball
Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between
two teams of nine players each, taking turns
batting and fielding. The game occurs over the
course of several plays, with each play generally
beginning when a player on the fielding team,
called the pitcher, throws a ball that a player on
the batting team, called the batter, tries to hit
with a bat. The objective of the offensive team
(batting team) is to hit the ball into the field of
play, away from the other team's players,
allowing its players to run the bases, having them
advance counter-clockwise around four bases to
score what are called "runs". The objective of the
defensive team (referred to as the fielding team)
is to prevent batters from becoming runners, and
to prevent runners' advance around the bases. A
run is scored when a runner legally advances
around the bases in order and touches home
plate (the place where the player started as a
batter).
 American Football
American Football or Gridiron is a full-contact
sport in which two teams compete against each
other to score goals. American football is played
between two teams with 11 players on each side.
The objective of American football is to score
goals by running into the opponent’s goal post
with the ball. Athletes are required to wear a
football helmet and shoulder pads. It is played on
a 100m long and 48.76m wide rectangular field
with goalposts at each end. American Football
uses an oval ball, unlike other football sports
which use the round ball. The duration of the
game is 60 minutes which is divided into two
equal halves of 30 minutes with a half-time in
between. Players fight over the ball and take it to
the goal post through passing. At the end of the
game, the team with the highest goals wins the
game.
 Ice Hockey
The object of ice hockey is to score more goals
than the opposing team by putting the puck into
the opposition’s goal using a hockey stick. Ice
hockey is a team sport played between two teams
of six players including a goalie, left & right
defenders, Left & right-wing forwards and a
center forward. Ice hockey is played on an ice
rink.3 on 3 Ice Hockey is a slightly modified
variant of the usual Ice Hockey. The game of 3 X 3
Ice Hockey is played between two teams of three
players plus a goalkeeper on half rink size. The
objective in 3 on 3 Ice Hockey is to score goals by
driving a puck into the goal legally. The
tournaments are played cross-ice in which two
games are simultaneously played at each end of
the single rink. There is no stoppage for goals. The
same clock is used for both matches. Although
the regular ice hockey rules are applied, body
checking is not allowed in the game.The game
doesn’t involve any icing or off-side.
 Handball
The objective of team handball is to score a goal
by passing the ball quickly and throwing the ball
past the defense and goalie into the goal. A goal is
scored in handball when the ball is thrown into
the opponent’s goal.Handball (also known as
team handball, European handball or Olympic
handball)[3] is a team sport in which two teams of
seven players each (six outcourt players and a
goalkeeper) pass a ball using their hands with the
aim of throwing it into the goal of the opposing
team. A standard match consists of two periods
of 30 minutes, and the team that scores more
goals wins.
 Lacrosse
Lacrosse is a sport that involves players passing a
ball between teammates using a stick with a mesh
or net at one end. The basic objective of the game
is to score more points than the opponent.
Lacrosse is a team sport in which two teams
compete against each other. Each team consists
of 10 players including one goalkeeper, three
defenders, three attackers, and three midfielders.
The game is played with a ball and a lacrosse stick
that is a normal stick between 52 and 72 inches in
length, the head of which has a net attached to it.
The game begins with a face off. In face off, a
player from each side lays their stick horizontally
next to the ball and waits for the official to blow
the whistle. After the whistle, players battle for
possession of the ball. After gaining possession of
the ball, players must make sure that the ball has
progressed beyond the midfield line within 20
seconds. The target for each player is to pass the
ball among their teammates and move towards
the goal.
 In order to score a goal, a player must propel the
ball from their lacrosse stick into the goal such
that it fully crosses the goal line. In case of any
infringements or misconduct such as being
offside or holding an opponent, players are sent
to the penalty box for a period of time, usually 30
seconds or one minute. The game is played for a
set duration that is split into four quarters, each
of 20 minutes. It is allowed for both teams to
have time-outs during which the game time is
paused. The team that manages to score the
most goals within the timeframe of the game is
declared as the winner. In a situation of a tie, an
additional period of Sudden Victory Overtime is
activated in which the first team to score a goal
becomes the overall winner.
 Archery
Archery involves using a bow to shoot arrows at a
stationary target. There are ten concentric circles
that represent different tracts on the circular disk
used as the target. The objective is to shoot the
target with an arrow. The bowstring will be
stretched after placing the back-end of the arrow
for initializing an input force that throws it
towards the target.