Explain Baroda Experiment.

1. This movement was started by V.T. Krishnachari in 1932 in the Baroda state where he was Dewan at that time.
2. The first objective was to bring about a rapid increase in standards living, industrialization and rapid expansion of
the educational system.
3. The second objective was to increase agricultural production through the provision of basic necessities.
4. This Project was started in the district of Navsari in the Gujarat State.
5. Many programmes such as gardening, poultry-farming, bee-keepin spinning and weaving were organized.
6. Re-stabilization of Panchayats and other programmes of village progree were organized.
7. The adult education had been extended.

Working System:
1. By personal education and contact by the village guides.
2. To use the school teacher of village in the extension of programme.
3. To use the traditional means of extension.

Which project is related to YMCA project? Explain.

1. The work was commenced by Dr. Spencer Hatch an American Agricultural expert in Travancore under the
auspicious of YMCA in 1921.
2. The villages in Marthandam area were undeveloped economically and the economic condition of the native
majority was poor.
3. The main objectives of this project were:
i. Spiritual development
ii. Mental development
iii. Physical development
iv. Social development
v. Economic development
4. Dr. Hatch implemented an all round development in agriculture, public health and education.
5. For this project, the extension secretary was appointed to supervise the activities of the group.
6. Marthandam was in a strategic position to serve the villages.
7. It kept prize bulls and goats, model bee-lives, demonstration plots for improving grain and vegetable seeds,
poultry runs with prize laying-hens, a weaving shed, etc.
8. Inside the centre, there was equipment like honey extractors, health charts and the items needed for other
cottage vocations.
9. At the centre, cottage vocations were taught and agricultural implements tested. The emphasis throughout was
on self-help and co-operation.
10. The successful output of this project was the Eeg-selling Club. In 1939 which became a self governing body.
11. Another co-operative society was honey club, where the villagers were taught the use of modern bee-hives and
extracted honey scientifically.
The honey was cured and marketed co-operatively.
Drawbacks:
1. The main shortcomings of the project were inadequate funds and governmental help.
2. The whole programme was centred on a person and after the death of Dr. Hatch, there was a conflict on the
question of leadership.
3. Due to no economic advantage to the non-paid workers, this programme could not survive.
Write a short note on: Participatory Approach.
Answer
1. This concept has been developed from Participatory Development (PD)
2. Participatory development is a process through which stakeholders can influence and share control over development
initiatives, and over decisions and resources that affect themselves.
3. Participatory Development (PD) is a process to engage local population in development projects.
4. PD uses local decision making and capacities to steer and define the nature of an intervention.
5. PD aims at achieving a localized capital accumulation process based on the skills development and local resources
generation. 6. The essential feature of PD is social mobilization.
7. PD gives a new self-confidence through which the community engage in more ambitious projects involving collective
action and management.

1- WHY WAS NILOKHERI EXPERIMENT CALLED AS MAZDOOR MANZII?

ANS-
2- GURGAON EXPERIMENT AIMED AT ADDRESSING WHAT ISSUES OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT?
ANS-

3- DISCUSS FIRKHA MOVEMENT WITH RESPECT TO THEIR METHODOLOGY OF WORKING?

ANS-
4- DISCUSS ETAWAH PILOT PROJECT WITH RESPECT TO THEIR METHODOLOGY OF WORKING.
ANS-
5- WHAT IS SRINIKETAN PROJECT? EXPLAIN ITS WORKING STYLE.
ANS-

6- DISCUSS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARTHANDUM PROJECT AND YMCA, WITH THEIR ACTIVITIES AND
METHOD OF WORK.
1- The work was commenced by Dr. Spencer Hatch an American Agricultural expert in Travancore under the
auspicious of YMCA in 1921.
2- The villages in Marthandam area were undeveloped economically and the economic condition of the native
majority was poor.
3- The main objectives of this project were:
i. Spiritual development
ii. Mental development
iii. Physical development
iv. Social development
v. Economic development
4- Dr. Hatch implemented an all round development in agriculture, public health and education.
5- For this project, the extension secretary was appointed to supervise the activities of the group.
6- Marthandam was in a strategic position to serve the villages.
7- It kept prize bulls and goats, model bee-lives, demonstration plots for improving grain and vegetable seeds,
poultry runs with prize laying-hens, a weaving shed, etc.
8- Inside the centre, there was equipment like honey extractors, health charts and the items needed for other
cottage vocations.
9- At the centre, cottage vocations were taught and agricultural implements tested. The emphasis throughout was
on self-help and co-operation.
10- The successful output of this project was the Eeg-selling Club. In 1939 which became a self governing body.
11- Another co-operative society was honey club, where the villagers were taught the use of modern bee-hives and
extracted honey scientifically.
The honey was cured and marketed co-operatively.

7- WHAT WAS THE NECESSITY OF GANDHIAN CONSTRUCTIVE PROGRAMME? EXPLAIN.

8- MARTHANDUM PROJECT

9- WHAT DO YOU UNDERSTAND BY RURAL DEVELOPMENT?

10- GIVE IMPORANCE AND OBJECTIVES OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT.
11- WRITE A SHORT NOTE ON TAGORE APPROACH TO RURAL COMMITY DEVELOPMENT.
12- WHAT ARE DIFFERENT APPROCHES TO RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA.

WRITE A SHORT NOTE ON GANDHIAN APPROACH TO RURAL COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT.

13- C. SUBRAMANIAN APPROACH TO RURAL DEVELOPMENT
14- INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT APPROACH.

15- GROWTH CENTER APPROACH.

16- TARGET APPROACH