9

Consumer Chemistry
Quarter 1 - Module 4
Alcohols, Ethers and Aldehydes
Consumer Chemistry – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 - Module 4: Alcohols, Ethers and Aldehydes
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Region III

Secretary : Leonor M Briones

Development Team of the Module

Author: Beverly V. Basilio

Language Reviewer: Marissa O. Franciso
Content Editor: Gemma DC. Intal
Illustrator: Derrick Joseph M. Sicat
Layout Artist: Sherie May B. Martin

Management Team
Gregorio C. Quinto, Jr., EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
Rainelda M. Blanco, PhD
Education Program Supervisor - LRMDS
Agnes R. Bernardo, PhD
EPS-Division ADM Coordinator
Glenda S. Constantino
Project Development Officer II
Marinella P. Garcia Sy, PhD
EPS – Science
Joannarie C. Gracia

Undersecretary : Diosdado M. San Antonio

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
 9
Consumer Chemistry
Quarter 1 - Module 4
Alcohols, Ethers and Aldehydes
 Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to Consumer Chemistry STE 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on
Alcohols, Ethers and Aldehydes.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from
public institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator, in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire
the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and
circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will
help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners’ progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do
the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to Consumer Chemistry STE 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on
Alcohols, Ethers and Aldehydes!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to Know
competencies you are expected to learn in the

This part includes an activity that aims to check

what you already know about the lesson to take. If
What I Know
you get all the answers correct (100%), you may
decide to skip this module.

1
 This is a brief drill or review to help you link the
What’s In
current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to

What’s New
you in various ways; a story, a song, a poem, a

This section provides a brief discussion of the

What is It
lesson. This aims to help you discover and

This comprises activities for independent practice to

What’s More solidify your understanding and skills of the topic.
You may check the answers to the exercises using

This includes questions or blank sentence/

What I Have Learned
paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned

This section provides an activity which will help you

What I Can Do
transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

Assessment
mastery in achieving the learning competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given to you to

Additional Activities
enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References - This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

2
 What I Need to Know

This module encourages you to describe the IUPAC nomenclature classification

of organic compounds (functional groups, aliphatic and aromatic
compounds) such as Alcohols, Ethers and Aldehydes. Various activities
are provided for you to strengthen your knowledge and skills regarding the
topics.

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. describe the structures of organic compounds with functional groups such
as Alcohols, Ethers and Aldehydes;
2. relate the properties of Alcohols, Ethers and Aldehydes to their structures;
3. write two acceptable names of Alcohols, Ethers and Aldehydes;
4. appreciate some of the uses of Alcohols, Ethers and Aldehydes.

What I Know

Read the following questions and answer each by writing the CAPITAL letter that
corresponds to your BEST response. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Which of the following is the general structure of alcohol?

A. O B. O C. O D. O
R R’ C
R’ R H
R
R H
2. The boiling point of ethyl alcohol is much higher than that of dimethyl ether
though both have the same molecular weight. Why?
A. Ether is insoluble in water
B. Methyl groups are attached to oxygen in ether
C. Dipole moment of ethyl alcohol is less
D. Ethyl alcohol shows hydrogen bonding

3. Formaldehyde in water is _____ % solution of Formalin.

A. 10% C. 20%
B. 40% D. 60%

3
4. What is the IUPAC name of the organic compound below?
A. Ethane
B. Ethanone
C. Ethanal
D. Acetic acid

5. Alcohol is less volatile than ether having the same molecular formula. This is due
to the fact that
A. alcohols have resonance structures.
B. ethers have dipolar character.
C. alcohols have inter-molecular hydrogen bonding.
D. ethers have inter-molecular hydrogen bonding.

6. Which of the following structures is classified as a secondary alcohol?

A. C.

B. D.

7. Which of the following is the common name for 2-methyl-1-propanol?

A. isobutyl alcohol C. 2-butanol
B. sec-butyl alcohol D. tert-butyl alcohol

8. What is the IUPAC name of the compound CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3?

A. Propanol C. Methoxyethane
B. Ethoxyethane D. Propanone

9. Which of the following compounds is an ether?

A. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH C. CH3-CHO
B. CH3-O-CH2-CH3 D. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CHO

10. Which of the following aldehydes is the most soluble in water?

A. Acetaldehyde C. Butyraldehyde
B. Formaldehyde D. Benzaldehyde

11. Which of the following alcohols would be most soluble in water?

A. Heptanol C. Pentanol
B. Hexanol D. Butanol

4
12. Which of these would you expect to have the lowest boiling point?
A. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH C. CH3-O-CH3
B. CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 D. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH

13. What functional group can never be found at the end of a carbon chain?
A. alcohol C. aldehyde
B. ether D. no correct response

14. Which of the following molecules is an aldehyde?

A. B. C. D.

15. Which of the following statements about ethers is incorrect?

A. Ethers are flammable.
B. Simple ethers (such as diethyl ether) are tasteless.
C. Ethers are widely used as extraction solvents.
D. The oxygen of ether can only be found within an acyclic carbon chain.

What’s In

Below are some aromatic compounds (arenes) that you have learned in the
previous module. Name and draw the structure of each. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Name each of the given monosubstituted benzenes below.

a. b. c.

Cl CH2CH3 CH(CH3)2

5
2. Draw the structure of each of the following organic compounds.
a. benzaldehyde
b. benzoic acid
c. phenol
c. 1,3-dimethylbenzene
d. 3-ethylphenol

Now that you know how to name and write the structures of aromatic
hydrocarbons, let’s proceed with another interesting organic compounds.
Are you ready?

What’s New

Observe the pictures below. What do you notice? Can you identify each of the
substances being used? Describe and name each of them. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

A. B.

C.

Let us uncover more about the given pictures above to deepen your
understanding regarding them.

6
 Alcohols, Ethers and Aldehydes

What is It

Alcohols
Alcohols are functional groups characterized by the presence of an -OH
group. They are organic compounds in which the hydroxyl functional group (-OH) is
bound to a carbon atom. In addition, they are an important class of molecules with
many scientific, medical, and industrial uses.
 Structure and Properties of Alcohols
The same with water, the structure of an alcohol has a
bent shape. The presence of the -OH groups allows for
hydrogen bonding with other -OH groups, hydrogen atoms
and other molecules (polar). Since alcohols are able to
hydrogen bond, their boiling points are higher than those of
their parent molecules. Furthermore, their solubility in water
decreases with increase in molecular mass. Methanol,
ethanol, and propanol are miscible in water.

Before we reveal more about alcohols, let’s explore first the two ways
on how they are given names by doing the next activity.

What’s More

INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 1

Naming Alcohols Using Common and IUPAC Nomenclature Systems

Objectives:
● Draw the structural formula of the given alcohols.
● Write the two acceptable names for alcohols.
Materials:
paper and pen

7
Procedures:

Analyze and complete the table by following the step by step instructions
below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Structural Condensed Molecular Classification Common IUPAC

Formula Formula Formula (Primary/ Name Name
Secondary/
Tertiary)
Example:
CH4O or Methyl
CH3-OH Primary Methanol
CH3OH alcohol

CH3-CH2- C2H5OH
OH

CH3-CH-OH C3H7OH
-CH3

(CH3)3COH C4H9OH

CH3-CH2- C5H11OH
CH2- CH2-
CH2-OH

Step 1. In the structural formula column, draw the 2-dimensional structure of

each of the given alcohols based on their condensed or molecular formulas.

Step 2. In the classification column, classify alcohols depending on the

number of carbon atoms attached to the specific carbon atom that is attached to
the OH group (please refer to the condensed formula). The carbon is primary
(1°) if it is bonded to only one other carbon atom, secondary (2°) if it is attached
to two other carbon atoms and tertiary (3°) if it is bonded to three other carbon
atoms.

Step 3. In the common name column, write the name of simple alcohol as
alkyl alcohol; for example, CH3OH is methyl alcohol (combine the name of the
alkyl group with the word alcohol).

8
Step 4. In the final column, using the IUPAC system, add the suffix “-ol” to
the parent chain of the alkane name. The position of the −OH functional group is
indicated in the name. Numbering starts with the parent chain on the end closest
to where the −OH is located. For example, the IUPAC name of the compound
CH3OH is methanol.

Guide Questions:

Q1. Is isobutyl alcohol a primary,

secondary, or tertiary alcohol?
Explain.

Q2. What are the two names of the compound shown below?
Explain your answer.

In addition, compounds with more than one -OH are named as diols
(2 -OH), triols (3 -OH), etc., as shown below.

In your previous activity you have learned that alcohols fall into different
classes depending on how the -OH group is positioned on the chain of carbon
atoms. Shown below are their structures with common and IUPAC names.

Primary (10) Secondary (20) Tertiary (30)

1-propanol 2-butanol 2-methyl-2-propanol

(propyl alcohol) (sec-butyl alcohol) (tert-butyl alcohol)

9
 For your further understanding in naming alcohols, below are other examples:

Example 1: Name the organic compound CH3−CH2−CH2−OH.

Solution:
The carbon chain contains 3 carbon atoms and an −OH group at one end of
the chain. Therefore, the organic molecule IUPAC name is propanol or 1-propanol
and the common name is propyl alcohol.
Example 2: Draw the structure of the compound 3-methyl-2-pentanol.
Solution: The numbers indicate that there is a methyl (CH 3) group on the third
carbon atom and an OH group on the second carbon atom.
Therefore, the structure of 3-methyl-2-pentanol is

 Uses of Alcohols
Alcohols are important compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in
making perfumes. They are also valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other
compounds. Other uses of alcohols are as follows:
 Ethanol (also called alcohol, ethyl alcohol and grain alcohol) is a clear,
colorless liquid and the principle ingredient in alcoholic beverages like beer,
wine or brandy. It is also an ingredient in a range of products, from personal
care and beauty products to paints and varnishes to fuels.
 Methanol (also known as methyl alcohol) is a highly versatile chemical
and is widely used for industrial purposes. It is also used as a solvent and as a
raw material for the manufacture of formaldehyde.

INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT 1
Analyze the structures of the following alcohols and give the IUPAC name of each.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. 2.

3.

10
4. 5.

Remember that in writing the names of alcohols, it is important to identify and

use the longest chain containing the OH group and replace -ane by –anol
(number it from the end nearest the OH group).

Now that you understand how to draw and name alcohols, let us now
proceed with another organic compounds that may be considered a derivative
of water in which both hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl or aryl groups,
the ethers.

Ethers

The types of organic compounds that contain oxygen between two alkyl or
aryl groups are the ethers. They have the general formula R-O-R', with R's being
the alkyl groups. Aside from being considered as a derivative of water, they may
also be considered as a derivative of alcohol (ROH) in which the hydrogen atom of
the -OH group is replaced by a second alkyl or aryl group:

Ethers have much lower boiling points as compared to alcohols. Let’s

find out the reason behind it.

 Structure and Properties of Ethers

Ethers have much lower boiling points as

compared to isomeric alcohols because there is no
intermolecular hydrogen bonding between ether
molecules. They have no hydrogen atom on the oxygen
atom (that is, no -OH group).

11
 Ether molecules do have an oxygen atom, however, and engage in hydrogen
bonding with water molecules. Accordingly, an ether has about the same solubility
in water as the alcohol that is isomeric with it. For example, dimethyl ether and
ethanol (both having the molecular formula C2H6O) are completely soluble in water,
whereas diethyl ether and 1-butanol (both C4H10O) are barely soluble in water
(8 g/100 mL of water) and are tasteless.

So far, you have learned the structure and properties of ethers. Before
proceeding with the uses of ethers, you will first experience how to name
ethers in two (2) acceptable ways.

INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 2

Naming Ethers Using Common and IUPAC Nomenclature Systems

Objectives:
● Draw the structural formula of the given ethers.
● Write the two acceptable names for ethers.
Materials:
paper and pen
Procedures:
Analyze and complete the table by following the step by step instructions
below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Structural Condensed Molecular Classification Common IUPAC

Formula Formula Formula (Symmetrical/ Name Name
Asymmetrical)
Example:
Dimethyl Methoxy
CH3-O-CH3 C2H6O Symmetrical
ether methane
CH3-CH2-O- (C2H5)2O
CH2-CH3 or C4H10O
CH3-CH2-O-
C3H8O
CH3
CH3-CH2-
CH2-O- CH2- C6H14O
-CH2CH3
CH3-CH2-O-
CH2-CH2-
C7H16O
CH2-CH2-
CH3

12
Step 1. In the structural formula column, draw the 2-dimensional structure of
each of the given ethers base on their condensed or molecular formulas.
Step 2. In the classification column, classify ethers into two categories based
on their attached substituent groups. The compound is said to be symmetrical if
two identical groups are attached to either side of an oxygen atom and
asymmetrical if two different groups are attached to either side of an
oxygen atom.
Step 3. In the common name column, use the alkyl alkyl ether system or
simply write the names of the groups attached to the oxygen atom (arrange them
alphabetically), followed by the generic name ether. For example, the common
name of the compound CH3–O–CH2CH2CH3 is methyl propyl ether. Moreover, if
both groups are the same, the group name should be preceded by the prefix
di-, as in dimethyl ether (CH3–O–CH3).
Step 4. In the final column, using the IUPAC system, (ether functional group
does not have a characteristic IUPAC nomenclature suffix, so it is
necessary to designate it as a substituent) find the shorter alkyl group (becomes
the alkoxy substituent) and the longer alkyl group side (becomes alkane
base name). Each alkyl group on each side of the oxygen is numbered
separately. The numbering priority is given to the carbon closest to the oxygen.
The alkoxy side (shorter side) has an "-oxy" ending with its corresponding
alkyl group. For example, the IUPAC name of the compound CH3-O-CH3 is
Methoxymethane.

Guide Questions:

Q3. Classify the compound CH3-O-CH2-CH3. Explain your answer.

Q4. What are the two names of the compound (CH 3)2CH-O-CH
(CH3)2?

In your previous activity you have learned that Systematic (IUPAC)

names for ethers use the more complex group as the root name, with the
oxygen atom and the smaller group named as an alkoxy substituent. For
your further understanding shown below is another example:

13
 Moreover, in cyclic ethers, the stem of the compound
is known as a oxacycloalkane. The “oxa” is an indicator of
the replacement of the carbon by an oxygen in the ring. An
example is oxacyclopentane (Tetrahydrofuran (THF),
Tetrahydrofuran
a five-membered ring in which there are four carbon atoms (THF) is a common
and one oxygen atom. organic solvent that is
miscible with water.

 Uses of Ethers
Ethers are desirable solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes,
gums, and hydrocarbons. In addition, vapors of certain ethers are used as
insecticides and fumigants for top soil. Other uses of ethers are as follows:
 Dimethyl ether (Methoxymethane) or otherwise known as codeine is an
effective pain-relieving drug, and is the primary ingredient in morphine.
 Diethyl ether (Ethoxyethane) or often referred to as just “ ether,” is used as
a reaction or extraction solvent in the chemical, fragrance, and pharmaceutical
industries. It was one of the first anesthetics used for surgical procedures
during the 1800s.
 Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline stabilizer which increases octane
concentration and reduce pollutants.

INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT 2
Analyze the structures of the following ethers and give the IUPAC name of each.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-CH3 2. CH3-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-CH3

3. 4.

5. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

Let’ us now uncover another organic compounds with functional groups

that are derived from alcohols by dehydrogenation process (removal of
hydrogen), the aldehydes.

14
Aldehydes
The most important functional groups (often called the formyl or methanoyl
group) are the aldehydes. They are classes of organic compounds that
contain a carbonyl group (functional group which has a carbon double bonded to an
oxygen atom: C=O).

 Structure and Properties of Aldehydes

The polarity of the carbonyl group makes aldehydes
inherently polar, meaning the electrons that make up the C=O
bond are drawn closer to the oxygen than to the carbon (this
notably affects their properties like melting and boiling point,
solubility, and dipole moment). In addition, aldehydes don’t form
hydrogen bonds to each other; however, they form
hydrogen bond with water using the electron lone pairs on oxygen. Aldehydes with
fewer than five carbons are soluble in water (as the carbon chain increases in
length, solubility in water decreases) and have lower boiling points compared to
alcohols of similar size.

Now that you are familiar with the structure and properties of
aldehydes, you will now learn how they are given names in the next
activity.

INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 3

Naming Aldehydes Using Common and IUPAC Nomenclature Systems

Objectives:
● Draw the structural formula of the given aldehydes.
● Write the two acceptable names for aldehydes.

Materials:
paper and pen

Procedures:
Analyze and complete the given table by following the step by step
instructions. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

15
 Structural Condensed Molecular Common IUPAC
Formula Formula Formula Name Name

Example:
HCHO CH2O Formaldehyde Methanal

CH3-CHO C2H4O

CH3-CH2-
C3H6O
CHO

CH3-CH2-CH2-
C4H8O
CHO

CH3-CH2-CH2-
C5H10O
CH2-CHO

Step 1. In the structural formula column, draw the 2-dimensional structure of

each of the given aldehydes based on their condensed or molecular
formulas.
Step 2. In the common name column, start with the common parent chain
names and add the suffix -aldehyde. For example, the compound HCHO
or CH2O common name is methaldehyde or formaldehyde. (If they are
attached together in a linear (unbranched) configuration, the number of
carbon atoms is indicated according to the same system as used for naming
alkanes).
Step 3. In the final column, according to the IUPAC rules, the carbonyl (C=O)
must be part of the parent chain, which is numbered from the end nearer of
the group (since the carbonyl carbon atom of an aldehyde is always in
position number 1, its position is not specified in the name). Find the longest
chain of carbon atoms that contains the carbonyl group as the parent alkane
and add the suffix “–al” (replace -ane by –anal). For example, the IUPAC

Guide Questions:

Q5. Draw the structure and write the two acceptable names for the
compound with molecular formula C10H20O.
Q6. Briefly explain how aldehydes are named?

16
 Please do note that when you are writing formulas, the aldehyde group (the
carbonyl group with the hydrogen atom attached) is always written as -CHO and
never as COH. That could easily be confused with an alcohol. Ethanal, for example,
is written as CH3CHO; methanal as HCHO.

In order to deepen your understanding in naming aldehydes,

shown below are other examples:

Example 1:
Name the organic compound below according to the IUPAC rules and
the common name system.

Solution:
The parent chain contains 3 carbon atoms, and it has a carbonyl group on the
end of the chain. Therefore, the IUPAC name is propanal and the common name is
propionaldehyde.
Example 2: Name the compound with structure

Solution:
The longest carbon chain contains five carbon atoms, and so the parent name
is pentane; the suffix -al is added to indicate the presence of the aldehyde group,
and the chain is numbered beginning at the carbonyl group. The methyl group is
given the number 4, because it is bonded to the fourth carbon of the chain.
Therefore, the organic compound IUPAC name is 4-methylpentanal and the
common name is 4-methylvaleraldehyde.
 Uses of Aldehydes
 Formaldehyde is a gas. It forms Formalin (with 40% solution in water)
which is used in preserving biological specimens. It is also used in
embalming, tanning, preparing glues and polymeric products, as
germicides, insecticides, and fungicides for plants.
 In the food industry, Acetaldehyde is used in the manufacture of
preservatives and flavorings and occurs naturally in fruit and fruit juices. It is
also used in the manufacture of various types of building materials, fire
protection paints, synthetic lubricants and explosives.
 Benzaldehyde is used in perfumes, cosmetic products, and dyes. It is
added to provide almond flavor to food products and also used as a bee
repellent.
17
INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT 3
Read the following statements. If the statement is correct, write AGREE, but if it is
incorrect, change the underline word/s to make the statement correct. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Alcohols have the general formula R-O-R', with R's being the alkyl groups.
2. The polarity of the carbonyl group makes aldehydes inherently polar, meaning
the electrons that make up the C=O bond are drawn closer to the oxygen than to
the carbon.
3. Ether molecules are miscible in water because like alcohols, the oxygen atom of
ether can also form hydrogen bonds with a water molecule.
4. Alcohols generally have lower boiling points in comparison to aldehydes and
ethers having equal molecular masses because of the presence of
intermolecular hydrogen bonding between hydroxyl groups of alcohol molecules.
5. Aldehydes with greater than five carbons are soluble in water and have lower
boiling points compared to alcohols of similar size.

What I Have Learned

For you to generalize the lesson, complete the table of comparison (among
the given organic compounds in this module) and the short paragraph below. Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Table of Comparison Among Alcohols, Ethers and Aldehydes
Intermolecular Soluble
Example
Hydrogen in Water
Type of Functional
Suffix Bonding (Yes/No)
Compound Group Structural Molecular IUPAC
(Present/
Formula Formula Name
Absent)

I have learned that alcohols are used as _____________________________

__________________________________________________________________
while ethers can be used as ___________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
In addition, aldehydes are used as ______________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.

18
 What I Can Do

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious

disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus. Tests have
confirmed that two hand sanitizer formulations recommended by
the World Health Organization (WHO) inactivate the virus that
causes coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). The tests also
provide reassurance that store-bought sanitizers can combat the
virus. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers can quickly reduce the
number of microbes on hands.
Based on your knowledge with alcohols, make a
brochure or leaflet to disseminate proper information in
your area on how alcohol-based hand sanitizers and
other alcohol products can help in reducing the spread
coronavirus disease in your community

The scoring rubric below will be used in assessing your brochure or leaflet.
Category 4 3 2 1
You used some
You used much of You used your You did not use
of your own
your own ideas and own ideas and your own ideas
Use of ideas and
imagination in imagination in and imagination
Creativity imagination in
designing the designing the in designing the
designing the
brochure. brochure. brochure.
brochure.
The brochure The brochure The brochure did
The brochure
includes some includes little or not include
includes many
relevant very few relevant relevant
Content relevant
information information information
information
regarding the regarding the regarding the
regarding the topic.
topic. topic. topic.
Much time and Some time and Very little time
No additional
effort went into the effort went into and effort went
Time and effort went into
planning and the planning and into the planning
Effort designing the
designing the designing the and designing
brochure.
brochure. brochure. the brochure.

Title is incom-
The title is catchy, A title is provided
plete and partial-
Title creative and related that relates to No title provided.
ly relates to the
to the topic. the topic.
topic.

19
 Assessment

Read the following questions and answer each by writing the CAPITAL letter that
corresponds to your BEST response. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. What is the IUPAC name of the compound CH3-O-CH2-CH3?

A. Propanol C. Ethoxymethane
B. Methoxyethane D. Propanone
2. An ether is more volatile than an alcohol having the same molecular formula.
This is due to
A. alcohols having resonance structures.
B. dipolar character of ethers.
C. inter-molecular hydrogen bonding in alcohols.
D. inter-molecular hydrogen bonding in ethers.

3. Which of the following is the general structure of aldehyde?

A. C. D. O
O B.
O O
R R’ C R H
R R’
R H

4. What two functional groups can be found at the end of a carbon chain?
A. alcohol and aldehyde C. alcohol and ether
B. aldehyde and ether D. no correct response

5. What is the name of the compound below?

A. Propane C. Propanal
B. Propanone D. Propanoic acid

6. Butanal contains which one of the following functional groups?

A. Carboxyl group C. Hydroxyl group
B. Carbonyl group D. Phenyl group

7. Which of the following families of organic compound is the least soluble in water?
A. The ethers C. The aldehydes
B. The alcohols D. no correct response

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8. Which of the following is a tertiary alcohol?

A. C.

B. D.

9. What is the common name for 2-methyl-2-propanol?

A. isobutyl alcohol C. 2-butanol
B. sec-butyl alcohol D. tert-butyl alcohol

10. Which of the following compounds is not an ether?

A. CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 C. CH3-O-CH3
B. CH3-CO-CH2-CH3 D. CH3-O-CH2CH2CH3

11. Which of the following alcohols would be most soluble in water?

A. Propanol C. Pentanol
B. Hexanol D. Butanol
12. Classify the compound below based on the functional group present.
A. Alcohol
C. Aldehyde
B. Ether
D. Benzene

13. Which of the following statements is not true about ethers?

A. The lower ethers are highly volatile and flammable.
B. Lower ethers also act as anesthetics.
C. Ethers are not organic solvents.
D. Simple ethers (such as diethyl ether) are tasteless.
14. What is the reason why the boiling point of ethyl alcohol is much higher than
that of dimethyl ether though both have the same molecular weight?
A. Because ether is insoluble in water.
B. Because methyl groups are attached to oxygen in ether.
C. Because the dipole moment of ethyl alcohol is less.
D. Because ethyl alcohol shows hydrogen bonding.
15. Which molecule is an alcohol?

A. B. . C. D.

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 Additional Activities

Name the following compounds using the IUPAC system. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

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