MDCAT:

TOPIC-9

VERB

BY:
FARAZ AHMED
PGC BAHAWALPUR
1. VERB
2. TRANSITIVE VS INTRANSITIVE VERB
3. REGULAR VS IRREGULAR VERBS
4. GERUND VS INFITIVE
5. SUBJUNCTIVE VERB
6. CAUSATIVE VERBS
7. VERBS WITHOUT PREPOSITIONS
8. MISCELLANEOUS RULES
9. TENSES AT A GLANCE
 • Call me when you are free.
ACTION • He reads an interesting story.
V • Let us run to the corner.

E
EXPRESSES
R
B
State • I feel scared.
of • The oranges taste bitter.
• He is the best of all.
being
 Types of Verb

Auxiliary/
Action Verb Linking Verb
Helping verb

Transitive Verb Intransitive Verb

(needs obj) (doesn’t need obj)

They painted a picture. All the girls danced well.

 TRANSITIVE
VS
INTRANSITIVE
Sr# TRANSITIVE INTRANSITIVE MCQS
1. TELL SAY I asked him if he wanted it today, but
A B
He said that he was unwell. he told to leave it till tomorrow.
My brother told me that he was not going with me. C D
2. RAISE RISE His voices raised with excitement,
A B
He raises his voice when he is angry. and he was talking with his hands too.
The sun rises in the east. C D
3. LAY LIE Sometimes children lay to get out of
A B C D
She will lay the meal on the table. trouble.
He loves to lie on the couch and read.
You set down while I fix up something
4. SET SIT A B C
He set the book on the table. to eat.
Sit down on this chair. D
 REGULAR VERBS VS IRREGULAR VERBS

Add an ‘ed’ or ‘d’ to make Don’t add an ‘ed’ or ‘d’ to

2nd & 3rd form. make 2nd & 3rd form.
Break broke broken
Walk walked walked
Meet met met
Paint painted painted
Swing swung swung
Plan planned planned
Swim swam swum
Roll rolled rolled
Sting stung stung
Dance danced danced
Seek sought sought
The slave clinged the stern with both of his hands.
A B C D

Legal advice should be seeked before you take any action.

A B C D
 GERUND
VS
INFINITIVE
 GERUND

After certain verbs After certain expressions After prepositions

Admit Can’t help Instead of

Avoid, Can’t stand Interested in
consider Be fed up with Good at
Deny Get used to Before
Enjoy Be used to After
Finish Feel like Insist on
Hate Give up
It’s no use He was thinking about to go
Keep
Like Look forward to A B
Love With a view to on holiday to the Caribbean.
Would mind C D
Be fond of
They enjoyed to meet people on their trip around USA.
A B C D
He was used to go there whenever he found spare time.
A B C D
 INFINITIVE

After some After verbs that refer Zero/Bare

After some verbs
adjectives & adverbs to future events infinitive
Glad Afford Want Can’t help but
Pleased Agree Hope Let
Disappointed Appear Aim Make
Enough Choose Decide Help
Too Pretend Promise Hear
Learn Expect Had better
Manage Plan Would rather
Happen Would like Used to
Don’t be so ridiculous! I can’t possibly afford going on holiday. After modal
auxiliaries
A B C D
It’s too difficult convincing him to be helpful, but it’s easy enough to fool him to get what you want.
A B C D

Her parents live nearby, so she can’t help but going there on holidays.
A B C D
SUBJUNCTIVE
VERB
 SUBJUNCTIVE VERB:

Subjunctive is mainly used when talking about events that are not certain to happen.

Use the subjunctive when talking about events that somebody:

 Wants to happen
 Expects will happen
 Imagines happening

RULES OF SUBJUNCTIVE :
RULE#1: Would that/as if/as though/I wish/oh that ______(were/had + 3rd .V)

Examples:  Would that I were/had been a king!

 I wish I had been the best player of this team.
 He walks as if he were lame.
 RULES OF SUBJUNCTIVE :
RULE#2: Suggest-Verb (or Noun) + that_________ Base form of verb
SUBJECT+ advise, ask, beg, decide, decree, dictate, intend, move, order, Demand,
desire, insist, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, petition, urge,
recommendation, suggestion) +THAT+BASE FORM OF VERB+ OBJECT.

Examples:
 I propose that the vote be secret ballot.
 She ignored the suggestion that she get more exercise.
 The supervisor asked that the students submit their
research paper before the end of the month.
 She recommended that he go and see a doctor.

We asked that he listens carefully to the directions before starting the project.
A B C D
 RULES OF SUBJUNCTIVE :
RULE#3: Advisable-Adjective + that_________ Base form of verb
It is+ (advisable, critical, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important,
necessary, vital, best, crucial, urgent, etc.) +BASE FORM OF VERB + OBJECT.

Examples:  It is important that everyone follow the rules.

 It is imperative that you get home before dark.
 It is necessary that everyone be calm in times of danger.
 It is essential that he arrive before 5 pm.

It is critical that the prime minister addresses those sensitive issues.

A B C D
CAUSATIVE
VERBS
 CAUSATIVE VERBS: Causative verbs are used to show that
someone or something caused something
to happen.
Let, make, have, get, and help are called causative verbs .

LET= PERMIT SOMETHING TO HAPPEN

LET

1). LET + PERSON/THING + VERB (base form)

Examples:  I don’t let my kids watch violent movies.

 Mary’s father won’t let her adopt a puppy because he’s allergic to dogs.
 Don’t let the advertising expenses surpass $1000.

Then he let the dirt to run between his fingers.

A B C D
 CAUSATIVE VERBS:
GET= convince/encourage someone to do something.

2). GET + PERSON + TO + V.1st

GET + THING + VERB(3rd form)
Examples:
GET

• We got all the employees to arrive on time?

• I can never get him to wash the dishes!
• She didn’t get her teeth checked.
• I got the leaked roof fixed.
Ain’t you got anybody home tell you to wash your face.
A B C D
A) You got your ideas well stuck in those days.
B) You got your ideas well stick in those days.
 CAUSATIVE VERBS:
HAVE= Give someone the responsibility to do something.
3). HAVE + PERSON + VERB (base form)
HAVE + THING + VERB (3rd form)
HAVE
Examples:
 I’ll have my assistant call you to reschedule the appointment.
 The businessman had his secretary make copies of the report.
 Bob had his teeth whitened; his smile looks great!
 My washing machine is broken; I need to have it repaired.

Merry will have the curtains clean at the dry cleaner’s tomorrow.
A B C D
 CAUSATIVE VERBS:
MAKE= Force or require someone to take an action.
4). MAKE + PERSON + VERB (base form)
Make + TO + V.1 (passive)
MAKE
Examples:
 The barking dog made the postman run away.
 After Billy broke the neighbor’s window, his parents made him pay for
it.
 The teacher made all the students rewrite their papers.
 I was made to stand in the sun.
It makes me to yearn to borrow a collecting box and go round
A B C
doing good myself.
D
 CAUSATIVE VERBS:
HELP= Assist someone in doing something
5). HELP + PERSON + VERB (base form)
HELP + PERSON + TO + VERB
HELP
Examples: NOTE: After “help,” you can use
• He helped me carry the boxes. “to” or not – both ways are correct.
• He helped me to carry the boxes. In general, the form without “to” is
• Reading before bed helps me relax. more common:
• Reading before bed helps me to relax.

Can you help me painting my living room next weekend?

A B C D
VERBS WITHOUT PREPOSITIONS
 VERBS WITHOUT PREPOSITIONS:

VERBS SENTENCES EXCEPTIONS

Love I am sure he loves his kids. ‘Love’ as a noun takes prep.
Lack He just lacks a little confidence. ‘Lack” as a noun takes prep.
Hate He hated the cold, dark days of winter. ‘Hate’ as a noun
Attack He attacked the man with a broken bottle. ---------
Resemble The baby resembles its mother. ---------
Reach They finally reached the coast after five weeks sailing. ---------
Obey She was so tired that her legs just wouldn’t obey her any ---------
longer.
Ask She asked me a question. ---------
Order I ordered some pasta and a mixed salad. ---------
Marry He married a rich lady 3 years ago. In passive takes prep.
Enter He entered the house blindly. When ‘Enter’ means
competition, it takes prep.
VERB: MISCELLANEOUS RULES
 RULES OF VERB
RULE#1:
Two auxiliaries can be used with one principal Verb, only when the
form of the principal Verb is appropriate to both the auxiliaries.
Examples:
• He never has, and never will take such strong measures.
• He never has taken, and never will take such strong measures.
• He cannot abuse and will not abuse him.
• He cannot and will not abuse him.
 RULES OF VERB
RULE#2:
An Adverb should not be placed between 'to' and ‘1st form of
verb’. (This is called the split infinitive).

Examples:
 I hoped to immediately reply to your letter.
 I hoped to reply immediately to your letter.
 RULES OF VERB
RULE#3:
The Future Indefinite Tense is not used in the clauses of time, place
and condition. Here the Present Indefinite Tense is used. (till, until,
unless, as long as, as soon as, etc.)
Examples:
 I shall wait for you till you will finish your work.
 I shall wait for you till you finish your work.
 RULES OF VERB
RULE#4:
The Present Perfect Tense is not used with the Adverbs of past time
like yesterday, Ago, Last day/night/week/month/year, in 1990 etc.
Here Past Indefinite Tense is used.
Examples:
 I have bought a cycle yesterday.
 I bought a cycle yesterday.
 RULES OF VERB
RULE#5:
The Past Perfect Tense is used to represent the earlier of the two past
actions.

Examples:
 When I reached the station, the train already left.
 When I reached the station, the train had already left.
 RULES OF VERB
RULE#6:
Some verbs take reflexive pronoun after them.
(Avail of, absent from, acquit, resign to, avenge on, enjoy, apply to, etc.)
Examples:
INCORRECT SENTENCE CORRECT SENTENCE
Voters should avail of all the tools Voters should avail themselves of
available. all the tools available.
They absented from the debate. They absented themselves from
the debate.
She acquitted well during the interview. She acquitted herself well during
the interview.
I really enjoyed in the party last night. I really enjoyed myself in the party
last night.
 RULES OF VERB
RULE#7:
Do not use reflexive pronoun after these verbs.
(Keep, break, bathe, open, spread, turn, draw, rest, enlist, gather, hide,
feed, qualify, steal, make, stop, etc.)
Examples:
INCORRECT SENTENCE CORRECT SENTENCE
Can I keep myself this photo? Can I keep this photo?

The women broke her leg herself during The women broke her leg during
the game. the game.
You can open yourself your eye now. You can open your eye now.
 RULES OF VERB
RULE#8:
Use ‘as’ after these verbs.
(Regard, represent, portray, depict, define, mention, describe, treat, etc.)
Examples:
INCORRECT SENTENCE CORRECT SENTENCE
My friend regarded me as his
My friend regarded me his benefactor.
benefactor.
He represented the manager of the He represented as the manager of
firm. the firm.
The movie depicted his father as a
The movie depicted his father a tyrant.
tyrant.
She tried to treat her students as
She tried to treat her students adults.
adults.
 RULES OF VERB
RULE#9:
Do not use ‘as’ after these verbs.
(Promote, consider, nominate, name, call, term, think, etc.)
Examples:
INCORRECT SENTENCE CORRECT SENTENCE
He was promoted as the divisional He was promoted to the divisional
manager. manager.
They consider it a friendly
They consider it as a friendly discussion.
discussion.
He was nominated as the PM for this He was nominated the PM for this
year. year.
His name is Anthony, but they call him His name is Anthony, but they call
as Tony. him Tony.
 RULES OF VERB
RULE#10:
Some verbs take adjectives instead of adverbs after them.
(Smell, sound, look, seem, be, grown, get, become, feel, taste, appear,
turn, make, see, etc.)
Examples:
INCORRECT SENTENCE CORRECT SENTENCE
That soup smells well. That soup smells good.

The scene seems beautifully. The scene seems beautiful.

She becomes happily after getting the She becomes happy after getting
invitation. the invitation.
 RULES OF VERB
RULE#11:
Use (how+ infinitive) after the verb “know, learn, discover, explain,
find out, show, understand, wonder”.
Examples:

INCORRECT SENTENCE CORRECT SENTENCE

I really don’t know how to drive a
I really don’t know driving a car.
car.
He wants to learn how to
He wants to learn pronounce well.
pronounce well.
 RULES OF VERB
RULE#12:
Use (to + 1st.f.verb) not ‘that clause’ after the verb ‘want’.

Examples:

INCORRECT SENTENCE CORRECT SENTENCE

She wants that I should teach her She wants me to teacher her
English. English.

He wanted that I should go with him. He wanted me to go with him.

 RULES OF VERB
RULE#13:

Would rather + 1st.Verb

Would rather+ Noun/Pronoun+Past Indefinite
Examples:

INCORRECT SENTENCE CORRECT SENTENCE

I would rather to drive this car.
I would rather Wozzeck open this
oyster.
I would rather drive this car.
I would rather Wozzeck opened this
oyster.
TENSES AT A GLANCE:
Thank You