CHAPTER 7: MISCELLANOUS PROTOZOA

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What makes each member of the parasites discussed in this
chapter similar?
A. Presence of cilia
C
B. They are all unicellular.
C. All are intestinal protozoa.
D. Presence of tachyzoites
Which structure is always visible in the stained cyst and troph of
Balantidium coli?
A. Macronucleus
A
B. Micronucleus
C. Cilia
D. Ingested bacteria
The life cycle of Balantidium coli and clinical symptoms are similar
to that of which of the following?
A. Isospora belli
B
B. Entamoeba histolytica
C. Crytosporidium parvum
D. Giardia intestinalis
Which two factors play an important role in the prognosis of a
Balantidum coli infection?
A. How infection occurred and duration of the infection
C
B. Presence of coinfection and duration of the infection
C. Severity of infection and response to treatment
D. Immunocompetent status and severity of infection
All the following are highly recommended when processing sam-
ples for the identification of Isospora belli to ensure identification
except:
A. Iodine wet prep D
B. Decreased microscope light level
C. Modified acid-fast stain
D. Saline wet prep
Which stage of reproduction is considered capable of initiating
another infection of Isospora belli?
A. Sporozoites
D
B. Immature oocysts
C. Merozoites
D. Mature oocysts
Which of the following patients would be more likely to contract an
infection with Isospora belli?
A. HIV-positive man
A
B. Female leukemia patient
C. Pig farmer
D. Nursing home residen
Which genus of parasite is most similar to Sarcocystis based on
morphologic similarities?
A. Isospora
A
B. Blastocystis
C. Entamoeba
D. Toxoplasma
How do humans become infected with Sarcocystis?
A. Ingestion of uncooked or undercooked beef or pork
B. Inhalation of oocysts A
C. Ingestion of animal fecal contaminated food
D. More than one of the above: ________________ (specify)

In addition to oocysts, these Sarcocystis morphologic forms may

be seen in human samples:
B
A. Packets of eggs
B. Single or double sporocysts

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 CHAPTER 7: MISCELLANOUS PROTOZOA
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C. Clusters of cysts
D. Groups of sporoblasts
Which stage of reproduction is considered capable of autoinfec-
tion of Cryptosporidium?
A. Intact oocysts
A
B. Merozoites
C. Gametocytes
D. Sporozoites
The permanent stain of choice for the recovery of Cryptosporidium
parvum is:
A. Iron hematoxylin
B
B. Modifed acid-fast
C. Gram
D. Trichrome
All the following are recommended to prevent and control an
outbreak of Cryptosporidium except:
A. Proper treatment of water supplies
B
B. Sterlize equipment using high heat.
C. Sterilize equipment using fullstrength bleach.
D. Sterilize equipment using 5% to 10% household ammonia
Which is the best screening method for the identification of Blas-
tocystis hominis?
A. Saline wet prep
C
B. Modified acid-fast stain
C. Iodine wet prep
D. Iron hematoxylin stain
Blastocystis hominis is always considered as being responsible
for clinical symptoms when present in human samples.
B
A. True
B. False
Which of the following measures that when taken can prevent the
spread of Blastocystis hominis?
A. Avoid swimming in potentially contaminated water.
B
B. Proper sewage treatment
C. Use insect repellent.
D. Avoid unprotected sex
Diagnosis of Cyclospora can be accomplished by all the following
except:
A. Concentration with formalin fixative
A
B. Flotation methods
C. Modified acid-fast stain
D. Addition of 5% potassium dichromate
The clinical symptoms associated with Cyclospora infections in
children are similar to those seen in cases of infection by which of
the following?
A. Naegleria B
B. Cryptosporidium
C. Leishmania
D. Balantidium
The most important Cyclospora prevention step that can be taken
is:
A. Proper water treatment
A
B. Wearing shoes when walking in sandy soil
C. Insecticide treatment of mosquito breeding areas
D. Thoroughly cooking beef and pork

How do Microsporidia spores differ from other protozoan spores?

A. Double outer wall B
B. Extruding polar filaments

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 CHAPTER 7: MISCELLANOUS PROTOZOA
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C. Cilia
D. Pseudopods
Of the following, which laboratory technique is required for species
identification of Microsporidia?
A. Giemsa-stained biopsy material
B
B. Electron microscopy
C. Fecal concentration
D. PAS stain
The life cycle of Microsporidia is a complex process in which both
the infective and diagnostic stages are spores.
A
A. True
B. False
All the following are morphologic forms in the life cycle of Toxo-
plasma gondii except:
A. Oocysts
D
B. Tachyzoites
C. Bradyzoites
D. Sporozoites
Human infection of Toxoplasma is initiated in all the following ways
except:
A. Accidental ingestion of rodent feces
B. Ingestion of contaminated undercooked meat from cattle, pigs, A
or sheep
C. Transplacental infection
D. Transfusion of contaminated blood
In which geographic area would you be likely to find Toxoplasma
gondii?
A. Tropics
D
B. Africa
C. United States
D. All of the above
What is the preferred method of diagnosis for Pneumocystis
jiroveci?
A. Histologic stain
A
B. Giemsa stain
C. Iron hematoxylin stain
D. Iodine wet prep
Which of the following groups of individuals is considered at
highest risk for contracting Pneumocystis jiroveci?
A. Veterans
C
B. Active military personnel
C. Immunosuppressed individuals
D. Newborns
Pneumocystis jiroveci is believed to be spread via which of the
following?
A. Contaminated water
C
B. Mosquito bite
C. Person-to-person
D. Hand-to-mouth
Balantidium coli
A. Duodenal contents
B. Stool B&D
C. Blood
D. Sigmoidoscopy material
Isospora belli
A. Duodenal contents
B. Stool A&B
C. Blood
D. Sigmoidoscopy material
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Sarcocystis
A. Duodenal contents
B. Stool B
C. Blood
D. Sigmoidoscopy material
Cryptosporidium parvum
A. Duodenal contents
B. Stool B
C. Blood
D. Sigmoidoscopy material
Blastocystis hominis
A. Duodenal contents
B. Stool B
C. Blood
D. Sigmoidoscopy material
Cyclospora cayetanensis
A. Duodenal contents
B. Stool B
C. Blood
D. Sigmoidoscopy material
Which of the following sporozoan oocysts do not contain sporo-
cysts?
A. Isospora
B
B. Cryptosporidium
C. Sarcocystis
D. Blastocystis
The scientific name for sexual reproduction that occurs in select
miscellaneous protozoa is:
A. Sporogony
C
B. Erthyrocytic cycle
C. Gametogony
D. Binary fission
This parasite is recognizable because of the presence of two
nuclei. Name that parasite
A. Isospora belli
B
B. Balantidium coli
C. Sarcocystis spp.
D. Pneumocystis jiroveci
The presence of cilia sets this parasite apart from the other
members of the miscellaneous protozoa.
A. Cryptosporidium
D
B. Microsporidium
C. Cyclospora
D. Balatidium
This member of the other protozoa group is typically identified via
serologic test methods.
A. Blastocystis
B
B. Toxoplasma
C. Sarcocystis
D. Pneumocystis

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