Health Psychology 8th Edition Taylor Test Bank

Health Psychology 8th Edition Taylor
Test Bank
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c10
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. Pain
A. is directly related to the severity of physical symptoms.
B. has an important survival function.
C. has little medical significance outside of motivating most patients to seek treatment.
D. is an important component of most medical school curricula.
2. Pain has important medical consequences because

A. patients' delay behavior is related to the experience of debilitating pain.
B. practitioners are trained to devote a significant amount of time to diagnosing the source of pain, which often
impairs the quality of medical interactions.
C. it is the symptom most likely to lead an individual to seek treatment.
D. after death, pain is the most feared aspect of illness or medical treatment.
3. Over $________________ million is spent every year on over-the counter drugs.

A. 100
B. 300
C. 500
D. 700
4. Beecher's (1959) study of wartime injuries investigated the effect of _______________ on pain.
A. placebos
B. fear
C. arousal
D. interpretation
5. Athletes who continue to play, despite being injured, may be experiencing a short-term reduction of pain
sensitivity due to
A. sympathetic arousal.
B. parasympathetic arousal.
C. effective training and coaching.
D. activities that focus their attention on the pain.
6. Cross-cultural differences have been found in the
A. discrimination of painful stimuli.
B. reporting and intensity of reactions to pain.
C. sensory aspect of pain.
D. All of these.
7. Self-report measures such as the McGill Pain Questionnaire typically measure

A. pain threshold.
B. the nature and intensity of pain.
C. pain tolerance.
D. pain and encouraged tolerance level.
8. Pain behaviors
A. are observable, measurable behaviors that are manifestations of chronic pain.
B. have proven useful in identifying the dynamics of different pain syndromes.
C. are used in assessing the impact of pain on quality of life.
D. All of these.
9. Nociception is the _______________ of pain.

A. physiological process
B. chemical process
C. sensation
D. perception
10. The sensory aspect of pain seems to be determined primarily by

A. A-delta fibers.
B. C-fibers.
C. the limbic system.
D. the cerebral cortex.
11. The affective and motivational aspect of pain seems to be determined primarily by
A. A-delta fibers.
B. C-fibers.
C. endorphins.
12. Endogenous opioids are
A. substances produced by the substantia gelatinosa that help regulate pain.
B. substances produced by the brain and glands that help regulate pain.
C. specialized receptor sites that play an active role in the regulation of pain.
D. drugs, such as heroin and morphine, that help control pain.
13. Acute pain

A. is not associated with anxiety and depression.
B. may precede the development of a chronic pain syndrome.
C. seldom responds to the administration of painkillers or other medication.
D. increases with the passage of time.
14. Chronic pain

A. decreases with the passage of time.
B. begins with an acute pain episode.
C. readily responds to treatment.
D. unlike acute pain, has no subcategories.
15. Chronic low back pain and myofascial pain syndrome are examples of
A. acute pain.
B. chronic benign pain.
C. recurrent acute pain.
D. chronic progressive pain
16. A migraine headache is an example of

A. acute pain.
D. chronic progressive pain.
17. Pain that persists longer than six months and increases in severity is considered to be
A. acute pain.
18. In comparison with acute pain patients, chronic pain patients
A. share a similar psychological profile.
B. experience higher levels of pain.
C. are more responsive to pain management techniques.
D. suffer from a syndrome involving physiological, psychological, social and behavioral components.
19. Chronic pain patients _______________ compared to persons without chronic pain.
A. experience pain more acutely
B. have increased sensitivity to noxious stimulation
C. have impairment in pain regulatory systems
D. All of these.
20. Compensation for pain resulting from an injury may _______________ the perceived severity of the pain.
A. increase
B. decrease
C. Both of these answers are correct.
D. Neither of these answers is correct.
21. According to Ciccone et al. (1999), chronic pain patients whose spouses provide support and positive
attention
A. experience good marital and sexual functioning.
B. may inadvertently maintain or increase the expression of pain.
C. restrict their social contact to members of their immediate family.
D. take smaller amounts of pain killers than patients who do not receive such support.
22. According to research investigating personality variables observed in chronic pain patients,
A. there is a pain-prone personality, which, like the disease-prone personality, is characterized by negative
affectivity.
B. a significant proportion of the population appears to be predisposed to experience pain.
C. personality change is often a consequence of pain, but personality variables are seldom involved as causes.
D. different personality factors may be involved in different types of pain.
23. People who ___________ their ___________ may experience pain more strongly than those who manage it
more effectively.
A. enjoy; happiness
B. suppress; anger
C. suppress; sadness
D. enjoy; anger
24. Pain control means only that the patient
A. no longer feels any pain.
B. is no longer concerned about the pain.
C. no longer feels any sensation in the area that once hurt.
D. None of these.
25. Antidepressants combat pain by

A. reducing anxiety.
B. improving mood.
C. affecting the downward pathways from the brain that control pain.
D. All of these.
26. Pharmacological control of pain

A. is dangerous in that it usually leads to addiction to prescription drugs.
B. is of no concern to researchers and practitioners.
C. has a low probability of leading to addiction to prescription drugs.
D. is the treatment of last resort.
27. The use of surgical techniques to control pain

A. involves the use of spinal blocks that block the upward transmission of impulses in the spinal column.
B. is becoming increasingly common as a treatment of last resort.
C. may result in only temporary improvement and have no lasting negative side effects.
D. may damage the nervous system and actually exacerbate chronic pain.
28. Counterirritation involves

A. influencing the central control mechanism.
B. inhibiting pain in one part of the body by stimulating another area.
C. creating lesions in pain fibers and receptors.
D. influencing the transmission of pain impulses from the peripheral receptors.
29. Biofeedback training

A. is an inexpensive pain control method.
B. shows robust evidence for pain control.
C. probably is no more effective for controlling pain than are relaxation techniques.
D. effects are clearly understood.
30. Controlled breathing is a component of
A. hypnosis.
B. relaxation training.
C. distraction.
D. acupuncture.
31. Relaxation training strategies are

A. seldom effective by themselves and need to be combined with other methods of pain control.
B. generally less effective in reducing chronic pain than are meditation techniques.
C. effective in alleviating chronic but not acute pain.
D. All of these.
32. One of the oldest methods of pain control is

A. biofeedback.
C. hypnosis.
D. self-efficacy training.
33. Hypnosis relies on

A. physiological relaxation.
B. distraction.
C. reinterpretation of sensations.
D. All of these.
34. Acupuncture may

A. function as a counterirritant.
B. be effective because patients believe it will work.
C. trigger the release of endorphins.
D. All of these.
35. In general, distraction is most effective in reducing pain when

A. the pain is of high intensity.
B. the pain is of low intensity.
C. the pain is chronic.
D. suggestion or sensory redefinition is impractical.
36. The results of a study of the use of coping techniques in pain management (Holmes & Stevenson, 1990)
suggested that
A. avoidant coping was more effective in managing chronic pain.
B. attentional coping strategies were more effective in managing acute pain.
C. patients should be trained in avoidant or attentive coping strategies depending on the nature of their pain.
D. None of these.
37. In contrast to aggressive imagery, relaxation imagery

A. is more frequently used to combat pain.
B. induces a positive mood state.
C. focuses attention.
D. All of these.
38. Cognitive-behavioral pain interventions

A. encourage patients to entrust the management of their pain to the treatment team.
B. attempt to modify maladaptive cognitions but not overt and covert behaviors.
C. encourage clients to attribute their success to the treatment intervention.
D. None of these.
39. Of the cognitive-behavioral treatment strategies for pain management, those designed to target
_______________ may be especially helpful.
A. depression
B. hostility
C. hypochondriasis
D. self-efficacy
40. Pain management programs incorporate

A. individualized treatment.
B. an interdisciplinary team of practitioners.
C. an evaluation of the patient's physical, emotional, and mental functioning.
D. All of these.
41. The incidence of relapse following initial successful treatment of persistent pain appears to range from
about _______________ to ______________.
A. 10 percent; 90 percent
B. 30 percent; 60 percent
C. 50 percent; 75 percent
D. 60 percent; 90 percent
42. Relapse following initial successful treatment of pain is directly related to
A. lack of social support.
B. coping styles.
C. nonadherence to treatment regimen.
D. All of these.
43. Placebo effects vary according to

A. how a provider interacts with the patient.
B. how much a provider believes in the power of the placebo.
C. a provider's warmth, confidence, and empathy.
D. All of these are correct.
44. Stronger placebo effects have been observed in patients who are high in
A. need for approval.
B. self-esteem.
C. internal orientation.
45. The presence of a placebo effect is reflected in the importance placed by the medical community on
A. double-blind studies.
B. prospective studies.
C. retrospective studies.
D. drug studies.
46. More than 85% of people suffer back pain at some point in their lives.
True False
47. Some ethnicities experience less pain during childbirth than others.
True False
48. The McGill Pain Questionnaire assesses pain behaviors.

True False
49. A-delta fibers are unmyelinated nerve fibers that transmit dull or aching pain.
True False
50. C-fibers transmit dull, aching pain.
True False
51. Although depression is common among chronic pain patients, chronic pain is not a sufficient condition for
the development of depression.
True False
52. Hypnosis is one of the oldest strategies for the management and treatment of acute and chronic pain.
True False
53. Acupuncture may trigger the release of endorphins, thus reducing the experience of pain.
True False
54. Guided imagery is most effective in managing slow-rising pains.

True False
55. The placebo effect is solely caused by psychological expectations of improved health and alleviation of
symptoms.
True False
56. Explain how social psychological variables influence the perception of pain.
57. Discuss the differences between acute and chronic pain. What are the different kinds of both? Use examples
from the text.
58. Pain control by use of physical or chemical techniques has long been used by health care providers. For
which type of pain are they most useful and why?
59. How effective are biofeedback, acupuncture, and hypnosis in pain management? Do they work better with
some types of pain? Are they superior to simple distraction and relaxation?
60. Describe the design and implementation of pain management programs.

c10 Key
1. (p. 232) Pain

A. is directly related to the severity of physical symptoms.
B. has an important survival function.
C. has little medical significance outside of motivating most patients to seek treatment.
D. is an important component of most medical school curricula.
Level: Conceptual
Taylor - Chapter 10 #1
2. (p. 232) Pain has important medical consequences because

A. patients' delay behavior is related to the experience of debilitating pain.
B. practitioners are trained to devote a significant amount of time to diagnosing the source of pain, which often
impairs the quality of medical interactions.
C. it is the symptom most likely to lead an individual to seek treatment.
D. after death, pain is the most feared aspect of illness or medical treatment.
Level: Conceptual
3. (p. 233) Over $________________ million is spent every year on over-the counter drugs.
A. 100
B. 300
C. 500
D. 700
Level: Factual
4. (p. 234) Beecher's (1959) study of wartime injuries investigated the effect of _______________ on pain.
A. placebos
B. fear
C. arousal
D. interpretation
Level: Conceptual
5. (p. 234) Athletes who continue to play, despite being injured, may be experiencing a short-term reduction of
pain sensitivity due to
A. sympathetic arousal.
B. parasympathetic arousal.
C. effective training and coaching.
D. activities that focus their attention on the pain.
Level: Conceptual
6. (p. Box 10.1, Page 234) Cross-cultural differences have been found in the
A. discrimination of painful stimuli.
B. reporting and intensity of reactions to pain.
C. sensory aspect of pain.
D. All of these.
Level: Conceptual
7. (p. Figure 10.1, Page 236) Self-report measures such as the McGill Pain Questionnaire typically measure
A. pain threshold.
B. the nature and intensity of pain.
C. pain tolerance.
D. pain and encouraged tolerance level.
Level: Conceptual
8. (p. 235) Pain behaviors

A. are observable, measurable behaviors that are manifestations of chronic pain.
B. have proven useful in identifying the dynamics of different pain syndromes.
C. are used in assessing the impact of pain on quality of life.
D. All of these.
Level: Conceptual
9. (p. 235) Nociception is the _______________ of pain.
A. physiological process
B. chemical process
C. sensation
D. perception
Level: Factual
10. (p. 237) The sensory aspect of pain seems to be determined primarily by
A. A-delta fibers.
B. C-fibers.
C. the limbic system.
Level: Factual
11. (p. 237) The affective and motivational aspect of pain seems to be determined primarily by
A. A-delta fibers.
B. C-fibers.
C. endorphins.
Level: Factual
12. (p. 238) Endogenous opioids are

A. substances produced by the substantia gelatinosa that help regulate pain.
B. substances produced by the brain and glands that help regulate pain.
C. specialized receptor sites that play an active role in the regulation of pain.
D. drugs, such as heroin and morphine, that help control pain.
Level: Conceptual
13. (p. 239) Acute pain
A. is not associated with anxiety and depression.
B. may precede the development of a chronic pain syndrome.
C. seldom responds to the administration of painkillers or other medication.
D. increases with the passage of time.
Level: Conceptual
14. (p. 239) Chronic pain

A. decreases with the passage of time.
B. begins with an acute pain episode.
C. readily responds to treatment.
D. unlike acute pain, has no subcategories.
Level: Conceptual
15. (p. 239) Chronic low back pain and myofascial pain syndrome are examples of
A. acute pain.
D. chronic progressive pain
Level: Conceptual
16. (p. 239) A migraine headache is an example of

A. acute pain.
Level: Factual
17. (p. 240) Pain that persists longer than six months and increases in severity is considered to be
A. acute pain.
Level: Factual
18. (p. 240) In comparison with acute pain patients, chronic pain patients
A. share a similar psychological profile.
B. experience higher levels of pain.
C. are more responsive to pain management techniques.
D. suffer from a syndrome involving physiological, psychological, social and behavioral components.
Level: Conceptual
19. (p. 240-241) Chronic pain patients _______________ compared to persons without chronic pain.
A. experience pain more acutely
B. have increased sensitivity to noxious stimulation
C. have impairment in pain regulatory systems
D. All of these.
Level: Conceptual
20. (p. 241) Compensation for pain resulting from an injury may _______________ the perceived severity of the
pain.
A. increase
B. decrease
C. Both of these answers are correct.
D. Neither of these answers is correct.
Level: Conceptual
21. (p. 242) According to Ciccone et al. (1999), chronic pain patients whose spouses provide support and positive
attention
A. experience good marital and sexual functioning.
B. may inadvertently maintain or increase the expression of pain.
C. restrict their social contact to members of their immediate family.
D. take smaller amounts of pain killers than patients who do not receive such support.
Level: Conceptual
22. (p. 242) According to research investigating personality variables observed in chronic pain patients,
A. there is a pain-prone personality, which, like the disease-prone personality, is characterized by negative
affectivity.
B. a significant proportion of the population appears to be predisposed to experience pain.
C. personality change is often a consequence of pain, but personality variables are seldom involved as causes.
D. different personality factors may be involved in different types of pain.
Level: Conceptual
23. (p. 242) People who ___________ their ___________ may experience pain more strongly than those who
manage it more effectively.
A. enjoy; happiness
B. suppress; anger
C. suppress; sadness
D. enjoy; anger
Level: Factual
24. (p. 243) Pain control means only that the patient
A. no longer feels any pain.
B. is no longer concerned about the pain.
C. no longer feels any sensation in the area that once hurt.
D. None of these.
Level: Conceptual
25. (p. 243) Antidepressants combat pain by
A. reducing anxiety.
B. improving mood.
C. affecting the downward pathways from the brain that control pain.
D. All of these.
Level: Factual
26. (p. 243) Pharmacological control of pain

A. is dangerous in that it usually leads to addiction to prescription drugs.
B. is of no concern to researchers and practitioners.
C. has a low probability of leading to addiction to prescription drugs.
D. is the treatment of last resort.
Level: Conceptual
27. (p. 244) The use of surgical techniques to control pain

A. involves the use of spinal blocks that block the upward transmission of impulses in the spinal column.
B. is becoming increasingly common as a treatment of last resort.
C. may result in only temporary improvement and have no lasting negative side effects.
D. may damage the nervous system and actually exacerbate chronic pain.
Level: Conceptual
28. (p. 244) Counterirritation involves

A. influencing the central control mechanism.
B. inhibiting pain in one part of the body by stimulating another area.
C. creating lesions in pain fibers and receptors.
D. influencing the transmission of pain impulses from the peripheral receptors.
Level: Conceptual
29. (p. 245) Biofeedback training
A. is an inexpensive pain control method.
B. shows robust evidence for pain control.
C. probably is no more effective for controlling pain than are relaxation techniques.
D. effects are clearly understood.
Level: Conceptual
30. (p. 246) Controlled breathing is a component of

A. hypnosis.
C. distraction.
D. acupuncture.
Level: Factual
31. (p. 246) Relaxation training strategies are

A. seldom effective by themselves and need to be combined with other methods of pain control.
B. generally less effective in reducing chronic pain than are meditation techniques.
C. effective in alleviating chronic but not acute pain.
D. All of these.
Level: Conceptual
32. (p. 246) One of the oldest methods of pain control is

A. biofeedback.
C. hypnosis.
D. self-efficacy training.
Level: Factual
33. (p. 246) Hypnosis relies on
A. physiological relaxation.
B. distraction.
C. reinterpretation of sensations.
D. All of these.
Level: Conceptual
34. (p. 247) Acupuncture may

A. function as a counterirritant.
B. be effective because patients believe it will work.
C. trigger the release of endorphins.
D. All of these.
Level: Conceptual
35. (p. 248) In general, distraction is most effective in reducing pain when
A. the pain is of high intensity.
B. the pain is of low intensity.
C. the pain is chronic.
D. suggestion or sensory redefinition is impractical.
Level: Conceptual
36. (p. 249) The results of a study of the use of coping techniques in pain management (Holmes & Stevenson,
1990) suggested that
A. avoidant coping was more effective in managing chronic pain.
B. attentional coping strategies were more effective in managing acute pain.
C. patients should be trained in avoidant or attentive coping strategies depending on the nature of their pain.
D. None of these.
Level: Factual
37. (p. 249) In contrast to aggressive imagery, relaxation imagery
A. is more frequently used to combat pain.
B. induces a positive mood state.
C. focuses attention.
D. All of these.
Level: Factual
38. (p. 250) Cognitive-behavioral pain interventions

A. encourage patients to entrust the management of their pain to the treatment team.
B. attempt to modify maladaptive cognitions but not overt and covert behaviors.
C. encourage clients to attribute their success to the treatment intervention.
D. None of these.
Level: Conceptual
39. (p. 250) Of the cognitive-behavioral treatment strategies for pain management, those designed to target
_______________ may be especially helpful.
A. depression
B. hostility
C. hypochondriasis
D. self-efficacy
Level: Factual
40. (p. 250) Pain management programs incorporate

A. individualized treatment.
B. an interdisciplinary team of practitioners.
C. an evaluation of the patient's physical, emotional, and mental functioning.
D. All of these.
Level: Conceptual
41. (p. 252) The incidence of relapse following initial successful treatment of persistent pain appears to range from
about _______________ to ______________.
A. 10 percent; 90 percent
B. 30 percent; 60 percent
C. 50 percent; 75 percent
D. 60 percent; 90 percent
Level: Factual
42. (p. 252) Relapse following initial successful treatment of pain is directly related to
A. lack of social support.
B. coping styles.
C. nonadherence to treatment regimen.
D. All of these.
Level: Factual
43. (p. 253-254) Placebo effects vary according to

A. how a provider interacts with the patient.
B. how much a provider believes in the power of the placebo.
C. a provider's warmth, confidence, and empathy.
Level: Factual
44. (p. 254) Stronger placebo effects have been observed in patients who are high in
A. need for approval.
B. self-esteem.
C. internal orientation.
Level: Factual
45. (p. 255) The presence of a placebo effect is reflected in the importance placed by the medical community on
A. double-blind studies.
B. prospective studies.
C. retrospective studies.
D. drug studies.
Level: Conceptual
46. (p. 233) More than 85% of people suffer back pain at some point in their lives.
TRUE
Level: Factual
47. (p. Box 10.1, Page 234) Some ethnicities experience less pain during childbirth than others.
FALSE
Level: Factual
48. (p. Figure 10.1, 236) The McGill Pain Questionnaire assesses pain behaviors.
FALSE
Level: Factual
49. (p. 237) A-delta fibers are unmyelinated nerve fibers that transmit dull or aching pain.
FALSE
Level: Factual
50. (p. 237) C-fibers transmit dull, aching pain.

TRUE
Level: Factual
51. (p. 242) Although depression is common among chronic pain patients, chronic pain is not a sufficient condition
for the development of depression.
TRUE
Level: Factual
52. (p. 246) Hypnosis is one of the oldest strategies for the management and treatment of acute and chronic pain.
TRUE
Level: Factual
53. (p. 247) Acupuncture may trigger the release of endorphins, thus reducing the experience of pain.
TRUE
Level: Factual
54. (p. 249) Guided imagery is most effective in managing slow-rising pains.
TRUE
Level: Conceptual
55. (p. 253) The placebo effect is solely caused by psychological expectations of improved health and alleviation
of symptoms.
FALSE
Level: Factual
56. (p. 235) Explain how social psychological variables influence the perception of pain.
Answers will vary
Level: Conceptual
57. (p. 240) Discuss the differences between acute and chronic pain. What are the different kinds of both? Use
examples from the text.
Answers will vary
Level: Applied
58. (p. 243-244) Pain control by use of physical or chemical techniques has long been used by health care providers.
For which type of pain are they most useful and why?
Answers will vary
Level: Applied
59. (p. 245-248) How effective are biofeedback, acupuncture, and hypnosis in pain management? Do they work
better with some types of pain? Are they superior to simple distraction and relaxation?
Answers will vary
Level: Conceptual
60. (p. 250) Describe the design and implementation of pain management programs.
Answers will vary
Level: Applied
c10 Summary
Category # of Questions
Level: Applied 3
Level: Conceptual 31
Level: Factual 26
Taylor - Chapter 10 60

Health Psychology 8th Edition Taylor Test Bank

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Health Psychology 8th Edition Taylor Test Bank

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Health Psychology 8th Edition Taylor

2. Pain has important medical consequences because

3. Over $________________ million is spent every year on over-the counter drugs.

7. Self-report measures such as the McGill Pain Questionnaire typically measure

9. Nociception is the _______________ of pain.

10. The sensory aspect of pain seems to be determined primarily by

13. Acute pain

14. Chronic pain

16. A migraine headache is an example of

25. Antidepressants combat pain by

26. Pharmacological control of pain

27. The use of surgical techniques to control pain

28. Counterirritation involves

29. Biofeedback training

31. Relaxation training strategies are

32. One of the oldest methods of pain control is

33. Hypnosis relies on

34. Acupuncture may

35. In general, distraction is most effective in reducing pain when

37. In contrast to aggressive imagery, relaxation imagery

38. Cognitive-behavioral pain interventions

40. Pain management programs incorporate

43. Placebo effects vary according to

48. The McGill Pain Questionnaire assesses pain behaviors.

54. Guided imagery is most effective in managing slow-rising pains.

60. Describe the design and implementation of pain management programs.

1. (p. 232) Pain

2. (p. 232) Pain has important medical consequences because

8. (p. 235) Pain behaviors

12. (p. 238) Endogenous opioids are

14. (p. 239) Chronic pain

16. (p. 239) A migraine headache is an example of

26. (p. 243) Pharmacological control of pain

27. (p. 244) The use of surgical techniques to control pain

28. (p. 244) Counterirritation involves

30. (p. 246) Controlled breathing is a component of

31. (p. 246) Relaxation training strategies are

32. (p. 246) One of the oldest methods of pain control is

34. (p. 247) Acupuncture may

38. (p. 250) Cognitive-behavioral pain interventions

40. (p. 250) Pain management programs incorporate

43. (p. 253-254) Placebo effects vary according to

50. (p. 237) C-fibers transmit dull, aching pain.

Answers will vary

Answers will vary

Answers will vary

Answers will vary

Answers will vary

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