Merrills Atlas of Radiographic Positioning and Procedures Volume 2 13th Edition Long Test Bank

Merrills Atlas of Radiographic
Positioning and Procedures Volume 2

13th Edition Long Test Bank
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Chapter 16: Abdomen
Long: Merrill's Atlas of Radiographic Positioning & Procedures, 13th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic walls is called the:
a. peritoneum.
b. mesentery.
c. omentum.
d. peritoneal cavity.
ANS: A DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 2, Page 83
OBJ: Category: Anatomy TOP: Exam: 2
2. The pathologic accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is termed:

a. obstruction.
b. ascites.
c. aortic aneurysm.
d. ileus.
ANS: B DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 2, Page 86
OBJ: Category: Positioning TOP: Exam: None
3. A properly exposed abdominal image will exhibit the:

1. psoas muscles.
2. lower border of the liver.
3. transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae.
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3
ANS: D DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 2, Page 86
4. Which of the following are prime considerations in producing an optimal image of the
abdomen?
1. Apply compression.
2. Explain the breathing procedure to the patient.
3. Do not start the exposure for 1 to 2 seconds after suspension of respiration.
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3
ANS: C DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 2, Page 86
OBJ: Category: Positioning TOP: Exam: 2
5. The most commonly performed abdominal examination is referred to as a(n):

a. KUB.
b. EXU.
c. IVP.
d. IVC.
ANS: A DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 2, Page 87
6. If a patient is unable to stand for an upright AP abdominal image, which position should be
used?
a. Ventral decubitus
b. Dorsal decubitus
c. Left lateral decubitus
d. Tight lateral decubitus
7. Where is the center of the IR positioned for an AP abdominal image performed with the
patient in the supine position?
a. L3
b. Lower rib margin
c. At the umbilicus
d. Iliac crests
ANS: D DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 2, Page 89
8. Where is the center of the IR positioned for an AP abdominal image performed with the
patient in the upright position?
a. L3
b. Lower rib margin
c. Iliac crests
d. 2 inches above the iliac crests
9. What is the respiration phase for an AP abdominal image obtained with the patient in the
supine position?
a. Inspiration
b. Expiration
c. Suspended respiration
d. Slow, deep breathing
10. The central-ray angulation for an AP abdominal image is:

a. 0 degrees.
b. 5 degrees caudad.
c. 5 degrees cephalad.
d. 7 degrees cephalad.
11. Where is the center of the IR positioned for an upright PA abdominal image?
a. L3
b. At the lower rib margin
c. At the iliac crests
d. 2 inches above the iliac crests
12. What is the respiration phase for an AP or PA abdominal image obtained with the patient in
the upright position?
a. Inspiration
b. Expiration
c. Suspended respiration
d. Shallow breathing
ANS: B DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 2, Page 89
13. Where is the center of the IR positioned for an AP abdominal image obtained in the left lateral
decubitus position?
a. L3
b. Xiphoid
c. 2 inches above the iliac crests
d. Iliac crests
14. What is the respiration phase for an AP abdominal image obtained with the patient in the left
lateral decubitus position?
a. Suspended
b. Inspiration
c. Expiration
d. Variable, depending on the patient status
ANS: C DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 2, Page 91
15. For which of the following projections of the abdomen is the x-ray beam placed in the
horizontal position?
1. Lateral
2. PA, upright
3. AP, lateral decubitus
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3
16. One of the primary reasons a left lateral decubitus abdominal image is performed is to
demonstrate:
a. foreign bodies.
b. the location of tumor masses.
c. intestinal gas.
d. air-fluid levels.
17. Demonstrating small amounts of intraperitoneal gas in patients with an acute abdomen is often
necessary. How long should the patient lie in the left lateral position before the exposure is
made?
a. 10 to 20 minutes
b. 30 to 45 minutes
c. Variable, depending on the body habitus
d. Variable, depending on the patient’s condition
18. Which of the following is placed perpendicular to the long axis of the grid for a lateral
projection of the abdomen?
a. Transverse plane
b. Horizontal plane
c. Midcoronal plane
d. Midsagittal plane
19. Where is the center of the IR positioned for a lateral projection of the abdomen performed
with the patient in the dorsal decubitus position?
a. L3
b. At the iliac crests
c. 2 inches above the iliac crests
d. 2 inches below the iliac crests
20. Which of the following are clearly shown on a lateral abdomen projection performed with the
patient in the dorsal decubitus position?
1. Prevertebral space
2. Air-fluid levels
3. Urinary bladder
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3
21. Which of the following organs lie in the abdominal cavity?

1. Stomach
2. Gallbladder
3. Kidneys
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3
22. Which of the following organs lie in the pelvic cavity?

1. Kidneys
2. Rectum
3. Urinary bladder
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3
23. The outer portion of the sac that lines the abdominopelvic cavity is termed the:
a. parietal peritoneum.
b. visceral peritoneum.
c. parietal pleura.
d. visceral pleura.
24. The inner portion of the sac that covers the abdominal organs is termed the:
a. parietal peritoneum.
b. visceral peritoneum.
c. parietal pleura.
d. visceral pleura.
25. The folds of peritoneum that support the abdominal organs are called the:
1. omenta.
2. mesentery.
3. pleura.
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3
26. The space between the two layers of peritoneum is called the:
a. pleural cavity.
b. peritoneal cavity.
c. diaphragm.
d. abdominopelvic cavity.
27. What is the cavity posterior to the peritoneum?

a. Parietal peritoneum
b. Peritoneal cavity
c. Retroperitoneum
d. Retrogastrium
28. Which structures are outlined with dots in this AP image of the abdomen?
a. Stomach
b. Liver
c. Kidneys
d. Psoas muscles
OBJ: Category: Image Evaluation TOP: Exam: None
29. Which of the following is used to evaluate rotation on a KUB image?

1. Spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae should be in the center of the vertebral body.
2. Alae of the ilia are symmetric.
3. Ischial spines, if visible, are symmetric.
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3
OBJ: Category: Image Evaluation TOP: Exam: None
30. A three-way abdominal series may be ordered to rule out all of the following except:
a. infection.
b. tumor mass.
c. bowel obstruction.
d. free air.
OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: None

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Merrills Atlas of Radiographic

Positioning and Procedures Volume 2

2. The pathologic accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is termed:

3. A properly exposed abdominal image will exhibit the:

5. The most commonly performed abdominal examination is referred to as a(n):

10. The central-ray angulation for an AP abdominal image is:

21. Which of the following organs lie in the abdominal cavity?

22. Which of the following organs lie in the pelvic cavity?

27. What is the cavity posterior to the peritoneum?

29. Which of the following is used to evaluate rotation on a KUB image?

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